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Austin G, Calvert T, Fasi N, Fuimaono R, Galt T, Jackson S, Lepaio L, Liu B, Ritchie D, Theis N, Dockerty J, Doolan-Noble F, McBride D. Soldiering on only goes so far: How a qualitative study on Veteran loneliness in New Zealand influenced that support during COVID-19 lockdown. Journal of Military, Veteran and Family Health 2020. [DOI: 10.3138/jmvfh-co19-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: On April 25, 2020, Veterans’ Affairs in New Zealand (NZ) contacted approximately 3,000 of 8,000 known military Veterans by phone during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to ensure they were safe during the government-imposed lockdown. The impetus to this initiative were the findings of a cross-sectional quantitative survey of NZ Veterans, followed by the qualitative survey reported here, both carried out in 2019. The former report found 33% of 89 respondents were lonely and reported barriers to seeking support, and over half of Veterans felt uncomfortable accessing it. Methods: To understand the factors underlying loneliness, a qualitative survey was developed based on the barriers previously identified and a literature review. A purposeful sample based on gender, age, and ethnicity identified 20 respondents from the initial survey: 10 lonely and 10 non-lonely. Interviews were followed by an inductive thematic analysis, and themes and sub-themes were developed. Results: Ten of the 20 potential participants responded: 6 lonely and 4 non-lonely. Social and geographic isolation, problems with re-integration into the civilian community, and health problems were found to contribute to Veteran loneliness. Social connectedness, particularly to service peers, was the primary mitigating factor. Barriers included stoicism and perceptions of ineffective and inaccessible services. Inequity in the Veteran support system also emerged as a barrier for Veterans who had not deployed on operational missions. Discussion: During the pandemic, social connectedness will have decreased, and loneliness increased. Designing interventions with these factors in mind, and ensuring equity of access to support, should help combat Veteran loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Austin
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Toby Calvert
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Natasha Fasi
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Ryder Fuimaono
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Timothy Galt
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Sam Jackson
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Leanda Lepaio
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Ben Liu
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Darren Ritchie
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Nicolas Theis
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - John Dockerty
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Fiona Doolan-Noble
- Department of General Practice and Rural Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - David McBride
- Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
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Dockerty J, Jolly J, Kumar A, Larsen T, McBride D, McGill S, Turner R, Wall S, Williams S, Yi A, Gough-Young A. The New Zealand nuclear veteran and families study, exploring the options to assess heritable health outcomes. N Z Med J 2020; 133:70-78. [PMID: 32438378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To describe health conditions in New Zealand nuclear veterans and their offspring, and examine the utility of tests to assess their heritability. METHOD An online survey, open to all veterans and offspring, with questions on health conditions, the GHQ12 to measure psychological distress, the Euroquol-5D visual analogue scale (EQ5D VAS) to measure health state, and free text items on veteran support. RESULTS Eighty-three responses (56%) were from veterans, 65 (44%) from offspring. Anxiety and depression were prevalent in both groups, with cancers (n=31, 37%) and joint conditions common in veterans (n=26, 31%). Few offspring reported cancer, rather problems with fertility (n=18, 40%). The free text themes fell into four domains, official commitment, health, emotional and information support; however, little support had been sought. CONCLUSION Cancers have utility in assessing heritability, but a low prevalence and lack of diagnostic data rules this out. Psychological conditions may be heritable, but the techniques to assess this are still developing. Chromosomal damage in veterans and offspring can be detected, but with present knowledge cannot explain health outcomes. Future work should assemble a veteran and family register with linkage to routine data-sets. Veterans and offspring should be encouraged to seek support.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Dockerty
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - James Jolly
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - Asutosh Kumar
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - Trent Larsen
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - David McBride
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - Sam McGill
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - Robin Turner
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | - Sonia Wall
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
| | | | - Alan Yi
- Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, Dunedin
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Talibov M, Olsson A, Bailey H, Erdmann F, Metayer C, Magnani C, Petridou E, Auvinen A, Spector L, Clavel J, Roman E, Dockerty J, Nikkilä A, Lohi O, Kang A, Psaltopoulou T, Miligi L, Vila J, Cardis E, Schüz J. Parental occupational exposure to low-frequency magnetic fields and risk of leukaemia in the offspring: findings from the Childhood Leukaemia International Consortium (CLIC). Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:746-753. [PMID: 31358566 PMCID: PMC6817988 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2019-105706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previously published studies on parental occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and risk of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in their offspring were inconsistent. We therefore evaluated this question within the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. METHODS We pooled 11 case-control studies including 9723 childhood leukaemia cases and 17 099 controls. Parental occupational ELF-MF exposure was estimated by linking jobs to an ELF-MF job-exposure matrix (JEM). Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs in pooled analyses and meta-analyses. RESULTS ORs from pooled analyses for paternal ELF-MF exposure >0.2 microtesla (µT) at conception were 1.04 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.13) for ALL and 1.06 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.29) for AML, compared with ≤0.2 µT. Corresponding ORs for maternal ELF-MF exposure during pregnancy were 1.00 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.12) for ALL and 0.85 (95% CI 0.61 to 1.16) for AML. No trends of increasing ORs with increasing exposure level were evident. Furthermore, no associations were observed in the meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS In this large international dataset applying a comprehensive quantitative JEM, we did not find any associations between parental occupational ELF-MF exposure and childhood leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madar Talibov
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ann Olsson
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Helen Bailey
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Friederike Erdmann
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
- Childhood Cancer Research Group, Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Catherine Metayer
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Corrado Magnani
- Dipartimento di Medicina Traslazionale, SCDU Epidemiologia del Tumori, Universita' del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Eleni Petridou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens & Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Athens, Greece
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anssi Auvinen
- Faculty of Social/Health Sciences, Tampereen yliopisto, Tampere, Finland
| | - Logan Spector
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jacqueline Clavel
- U1018, INSERM, Villejuif, France
- CESP UMRS-1018, Paris Sud University, Villejuif, France
| | - Eve Roman
- Epidemiology and Cancer Statistics Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - John Dockerty
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Atte Nikkilä
- Faculty of Medicine and Biosciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Lohi
- Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Alice Kang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Theodora Psaltopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens & Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Athens, Greece
| | - Lucia Miligi
- Environmental and Occuaptional Epidemiology Unit, ISPO Cancer Prevention and Research Institute, Florence, Italy
| | - Javier Vila
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Cardis
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Isaevska E, Popovic M, Alessi D, Mosso ML, Sacerdote C, Magnani C, Pastore G, Rosso T, Zengarini N, Dockerty J, Merletti F, Maule M. Association between maternal education and survival after childhood cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019; 66:e27616. [PMID: 30677232 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.27616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several nonbiological factors, including socioeconomic status indicators and other family characteristics, influence survival from childhood cancers. Our study explores the association between parental education and childhood cancer survival. METHODS The specialized Childhood Cancer Registry of the Piedmont region in Italy provided data on all the cases (aged 0-14) diagnosed with cancer in the period 1976-2011 who resided in the city of Turin (capital of the Piedmont region) at least once since 1971. Information on parental education was extracted from the Turin Longitudinal Study by record linkage. The association between parental educational level and survival was estimated using Cox regression. RESULTS The study included 949 children. We observed a disadvantage in the overall survival for children of less educated mothers. No such effect was observed for paternal education. The effect of maternal education was particularly strong for central nervous system tumors (hazard ratios, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-8.0). A similar effect, though smaller in magnitude, was observed for leukemia and embryonal tumors, whereas the estimates for lymphoma were imprecise. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows an association between maternal educational level and survival in children with central nervous system tumors, a diagnosis that often requires long-lasting treatment and special care. Giving support to the families of affected children to provide them the optimal care has the potential to improve children's cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Isaevska
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Maja Popovic
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Alessi
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Piedmont Cancer Registry, Biella and Vercelli Provinces, Epidemiology Unit, ASL VC, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Mosso
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Corrado Magnani
- Department of Translational Medicine, Unit of Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology, CPO Piemonte and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Guido Pastore
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Rosso
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - John Dockerty
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, P O Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Franco Merletti
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Milena Maule
- Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Metayer C, Roman E, Petridou E, Mejía Aranguré JM, Schüz J, Magnani C, Mora AM, Mueller B, Koifman S, Dockerty J, Lightfoot T, Hatzipanatelis E, Rudant J, Flores-Lujano J, Kaatsch P, Miligi L, Wesseling C, Doody DR, Pombo-de-Oliveira MS, Kang AY, McCauley K, Clavel J. Parental Tobacco Smoking and the Risk of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Children: the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC). Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv097.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Marcotte E, Thomopoulos T, Clavel J, Dockerty J, Ezzat S, Francis SS, Infante-Rivard C, Magnani C, Metayer C, Mora AM, Mueller BA, Rashed WM, Scheurer ME, Schuz J, Wesseling C, Skalkidou A, Petridou E, Spector L. Abstract LB-194: Cesarean delivery and risk of childhood leukemia: findings from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC). Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-lb-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Recent meta-analyses have reported modest but significant associations between birth by cesarean delivery (CD) and subsequent risk of immune-related disorders. An association of CD with childhood leukemia has not been established, although two recent case-control studies showed an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) among young children born by CD, and elective CD (E-CD) in particular.
Methods: We pooled data from 12 case-control studies in the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium. We analyzed CD overall and according to indications that likely resulted in E-CD (multiple birth and previous CD). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of ALL and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for child's birth weight, sex, age, ethnicity, parental education, maternal age, and study center.
Results: Delivery method was known for 8017 ALL cases, 659 AML cases, and 21273 controls. Among three studies with information on indication for CD, data were available for 3677 ALL cases, 114 AML cases, and 3929 controls. The association between CD and ALL (pooled OR: 1.06 [95% CI: 0.99, 1.14]) was not statistically significant, whereas birth by E-CD was associated with an increased risk of ALL (pooled OR: 1.27 [95% CI: 1.06, 1.52]). Subgroup analysis by immunophenotype revealed an association between E-CD and B-ALL (pooled OR: 1.28 [95% CI: 1.04, 1.57]), but not T-ALL. Pooled ORs for AML were 1.02 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.27) for overall CD and 1.39 (95% CI: 0.76, 2.53) for E-CD.
Conclusions: Findings derived from a pooled analysis of data from several countries suggest a higher risk of childhood ALL following E-CD. More comprehensive assessment of the indications for E-CD in consortia studies will allow investigators to further explore the potential for confounding by indication. If this association is causal, maladaptive immune activation due to lack of stress response before birth and differential colonization of the microbiome in children born by E-CD should be considered as potential mechanisms.
Risk of childhood leukemia associated with cesarean delivery overall and elective cesarean deliveryCesarean delivery (all indications)Pre-labor elective cesarean deliveryNumber of studiesExposed controlsExposed casesOR (95% CI)Number of studiesExposed controlsExposed casesOR (95% CI)Overall12340419241.06 (0.99, 1.14)32513081.27 (1.06, 1.52)ALL12340417491.06 (0.99, 1.14)32512901.27 (1.06, 1.52)AML824781221.02 (0.82, 1.27)1126161.39 (0.76, 2.53)ImmunophenotypeB-cell9313212201.07 (0.99, 1.16)22241961.28 (1.04, 1.57)T-cell931321300.95 (0.77, 1.18)2224241.18 (0.75, 1.88)Age012251561.08 (0.73, 1.60)36102.89 (0.93, 8.89)1-512221212261.05 (0.96, 1.15)31711921.22 (0.98, 1.53)6-10126693481.09 (0.93, 1.28)350591.34 (0.90, 2.01)11-14112721190.97 (0.74, 1.26)324291.25 (0.70, 2.24)Year of birth1970-1979464551.06 (0.70, 1.60)29111.13 (0.46, 2.80)1980-198997235351.01 (0.88, 1.15)31021221.30 (0.99, 1.72)1990-19991215296671.06 (0.95, 1.19)362741.32 (0.92, 1.90)2000-2009810524741.14 (0.98, 1.33)173781.14 (0.78, 1.65)2010-2013336181.93 (0.57, 6.51)1551.81 (0.16, 20.4)Gestational ageEarly preterm11126451.19 (0.67, 2.11)3650.58 (0.10, 3.24)Late preterm112581281.13 (0.84, 1.52)313151.56 (0.61, 3.98)Early term116943481.11 (0.93, 1.32)364851.27 (0.87, 1.86)Full term1113196331.01 (0.90, 1.14)31001311.31 (0.99, 1.72)Late term105482571.02 (0.86, 1.22)3760.95 (0.31, 2.90)
Citation Format: Erin Marcotte, Thomas Thomopoulos, Jacqueline Clavel, John Dockerty, Sameera Ezzat, Stephen S. Francis, Claire Infante-Rivard, Corrado Magnani, Catherine Metayer, Ana Maria Mora, Beth A. Mueller, Wafaa M. Rashed, Michael E. Scheurer, Joachim Schuz, Catharina Wesseling, Alkistis Skalkidou, Eleni Petridou, Logan Spector. Cesarean delivery and risk of childhood leukemia: findings from the Childhood Leukemia International Consortium (CLIC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-194. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-LB-194
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joachim Schuz
- 12International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Jordan SR, Stevanovic VR, Herbison P, Dockerty J, Highton J. Methotrexate pneumonitis in rheumatoid arthritis: increased prevalence with increasing latitude: an epidemiological study of trends in new zealand. J Clin Rheumatol 2012; 17:356-7. [PMID: 21946458 DOI: 10.1097/rhu.0b013e3182314e34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an association between increasing prevalence and increasing latitude for some autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Furthermore, in RA patients, a geographical variation in methotrexate pneumonitis has been suggested at a regional level in New Zealand. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to determine if there is an increased incidence of methotrexate pneumonitis with increasing latitude in New Zealand. METHODS A search was conducted using the NZ Ministry of Health's National Minimum Data Set for patients with discharge codes for RA (M05, M06) or history of RA and drug-induced lung disease (J702, J703, J704) or other (J189, J680, J90, J984) and methotrexate (Y431), for the period July 1, 1999, to June 30, 2008. Anonymous data were provided by the Ministry of Health for the 43 patients fulfilling these coding criteria and also the latitude and population of each domicile code. A Poisson regression analysis was undertaken with latitude as a continuous variable, adjusting for the total population at different latitudes. RESULTS The incidence rate ratio for methotrexate pneumonitis shows a 16% increase per 1 degree of latitude (95% confidence interval, 7%-27%; P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS There was a latitudinal gradient seen in the rate of patient discharges for methotrexate pneumonitis, in the defined period. This supports the hypothesis that there is a latitude-dependent risk factor for this disorder and raises questions regarding possible environmental cofactors. It also supports the growing pool of evidence that certain immune-mediated conditions are more common at higher latitudes.
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McKimm J, Sheehan D, Poole P, Barrow M, Dockerty J, Wilkinson TJ, Wearn A. Interprofessional learning in medical education in New Zealand. N Z Med J 2010; 123:96-106. [PMID: 20720611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This article considers interprofessional learning initiatives in the context of undergraduate and postgraduate education and the continuing professional development of doctors and other health professionals. The evidence for and challenges to delivering interprofessional education are discussed along with current interprofessional education initiatives in Aotearoa/New Zealand and Australia. Many opportunities exist for health professionals to work together more effectively. We all want the best outcomes for our patients and good working relationships, but often we work and learn in professional silos. This paper explores the policy drivers for interprofessional learning (IPL), provides evidence for what works, identifies some of the challenges and shares examples of how health professionals in New Zealand are implementing IPL initiatives: aimed at improving health outcomes and facilitating well-functioning workplaces for all members of the health care team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy McKimm
- Health and Social Practice, Faculty of Social and Health Sciences, Unitec New Zealand, Waitakere Campus, 5 Ratanui St, Henderson, Private Bag 92995, New Zealand.
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Taylor WJ, Harrison AA, Highton J, Chapman P, Stamp L, Dockerty J, McQueen F, Jones PBB, Ching D, Porter D, Rajapakse C, Rudge SR, Taylor G, Kumar S, Macedo T, Sew Hoy M. Disease Activity Score 28-ESR bears a similar relationship to treatment decisions across different rheumatologists, but misclassification is too frequent to replace physician judgement. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 47:514-8. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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10
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Boxall EH, Jefferson T, Buttery J, King V, Dockerty J, Trivella M, Powell R, Osman Y. Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in newborn infants. Hippokratia 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd001128.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Ahlbom A, Day N, Feychting M, Roman E, Skinner J, Dockerty J, Linet M, McBride M, Michaelis J, Olsen JH, Tynes T, Verkasalo PK. A pooled analysis of magnetic fields and childhood leukaemia. Br J Cancer 2000; 83:692-8. [PMID: 10944614 PMCID: PMC2363518 DOI: 10.1054/bjoc.2000.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 402] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested an association between exposure to 50-60 Hz magnetic fields (EMF) and childhood leukaemia. We conducted a pooled analysis based on individual records from nine studies, including the most recent ones. Studies with 24/48-hour magnetic field measurements or calculated magnetic fields were included. We specified which data analyses we planned to do and how to do them before we commenced the work. The use of individual records allowed us to use the same exposure definitions, and the large numbers of subjects enabled more precise estimation of risks at high exposure levels. For the 3203 children with leukaemia and 10 338 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures levels < 0.4 microT, we observed risk estimates near the no effect level, while for the 44 children with leukaemia and 62 control children with estimated residential magnetic field exposures >/= 0.4 microT the estimated summary relative risk was 2.00 (1.27-3.13), P value = 0.002). Adjustment for potential confounding variables did not appreciably change the results. For North American subjects whose residences were in the highest wire code category, the estimated summary relative risk was 1.24 (0.82-1.87). Thus, we found no evidence in the combined data for the existence of the so-called wire-code paradox. In summary, the 99.2% of children residing in homes with exposure levels < 0.4 microT had estimates compatible with no increased risk, while the 0.8% of children with exposures >/= 0.4 microT had a relative risk estimate of approximately 2, which is unlikely to be due to random variability. The explanation for the elevated risk is unknown, but selection bias may have accounted for some of the increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ahlbom
- Division of Epidemiology, National Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Sweden
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12
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Roberts D, Redfearn A, Dockerty J. Health effects of landfill sites. Whether results are assertions or evidence is unclear. BMJ 2000; 320:1541-2. [PMID: 10877586 PMCID: PMC1118121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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13
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Boxall E, Jefferson TO, Buttery J, King V, Dockerty J, Trivella M, Powell R, Osman Y. Vaccines for preventing hepatitis B in newborn infants. Hippokratia 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd001128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Dockerty J. Letter: Grading of D.S.R. courses. Radiography (Lond) 1975; 41:181. [PMID: 1202565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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