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Highfield A, Kevill J, Mordecai G, Hunt J, Henderson S, Sauvard D, Feltwell J, Martin SJ, Sumner S, Schroeder DC. Detection and Replication of Moku Virus in Honey Bees and Social Wasps. Viruses 2020; 12:v12060607. [PMID: 32498304 PMCID: PMC7354477 DOI: 10.3390/v12060607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmission of honey bee viruses to other insects, and vice versa, has previously been reported and the true ecological importance of this phenomenon is still being realized. Members of the family Vespidae interact with honey bees via predation or through the robbing of brood or honey from colonies, and these activities could result in virus transfer. In this study we screened Vespa velutina and Vespa crabro collected from Europe and China and also honey bees and Vespula vulgaris from the UK for Moku virus (MV), an Iflavirus first discovered in the predatory social wasp Vespula pensylvanica in Hawaii. MV was found in 71% of Vespulavulgaris screened and was also detected in UK Vespa crabro. Only seven percent of Vespa velutina individuals screened were MV-positive and these were exclusively samples from Jersey. Of 69 honey bee colonies screened, 43% tested positive for MV. MV replication was confirmed in Apis mellifera and Vespidae species, being most frequently detected in Vespulavulgaris. MV sequences from the UK were most similar to MV from Vespulapensylvanica compared to MV from Vespa velutina in Belgium. The implications of the transfer of viruses between the Vespidae and honey bees are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Highfield
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK; (G.M.); (J.H.); (S.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (D.C.S.); Tel.: +1-612-413-0030 (D.C.S.)
| | - Jessica Kevill
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK; (J.K.); (S.J.M.)
- Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Gideon Mordecai
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK; (G.M.); (J.H.); (S.H.)
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Jade Hunt
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK; (G.M.); (J.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Summer Henderson
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK; (G.M.); (J.H.); (S.H.)
| | | | - John Feltwell
- Wildlife Matters Consultancy Unit, Battle, East Sussex TN33 9BN, UK;
| | - Stephen J. Martin
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, UK; (J.K.); (S.J.M.)
| | - Seirian Sumner
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Declan C. Schroeder
- The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK; (G.M.); (J.H.); (S.H.)
- Veterinary Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6LA, UK
- Correspondence: (A.H.); (D.C.S.); Tel.: +1-612-413-0030 (D.C.S.)
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Affiliation(s)
- J Feltwell
- Department of Zoology, Royal Holloway College, University of London, Englefield, Surrey
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