1
|
Drabik J, Korasiak K, Chrobak J, Woch J, Brzeźniak N, Barszcz W, Kozdrach R, Iłowska J. Amide/Amino-Based Functional Additives for Lubricants: Structure, Antimicrobial Activity and Wear Resistance. Molecules 2023; 29:122. [PMID: 38202705 PMCID: PMC10780008 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The lubricating properties of the lubricants were tested under boundary friction conditions; it was found that the surface-active additives had reduced the wear mark and thus the value of the Goz/40 parameter (limiting load of wear). The introduction of a surfactant containing amide compounds into the oils and greases was highly effective in slowing down the oxidation process. Lubricants containing mono-15 ([3-(N,N,N-dimethylbuthylamine)propyl]hexadecanamide chloride) and 15-4-15 (tetramethylene-bis [3-(N,N,N-dimethylamine)propyl]hexadecanamide) additives were characterised by higher oxidation stability compared to the unmodified lubricants. Both of the analysed substances showed bactericidal properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella enteritica. Tests of antibacterial activity in the lubricants with the addition of mono-15 and 15-4-15 confirmed that these lubricants can be considered bactericidal against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Drabik
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute for Sustainable Technologies, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (J.D.); (W.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Kamil Korasiak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (K.K.); (J.W.); (N.B.); (J.I.)
| | - Justyna Chrobak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (K.K.); (J.W.); (N.B.); (J.I.)
| | - Julia Woch
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (K.K.); (J.W.); (N.B.); (J.I.)
| | - Natalia Brzeźniak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (K.K.); (J.W.); (N.B.); (J.I.)
| | - Wioletta Barszcz
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute for Sustainable Technologies, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (J.D.); (W.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Rafał Kozdrach
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute for Sustainable Technologies, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (J.D.); (W.B.); (R.K.)
| | - Jolanta Iłowska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network–Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland; (K.K.); (J.W.); (N.B.); (J.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chrobak J, Iłowska J, Chrobok A. Formaldehyde-Free Resins for the Wood-Based Panel Industry: Alternatives to Formaldehyde and Novel Hardeners. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154862. [PMID: 35956815 PMCID: PMC9369507 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its carcinogenic properties, the presence of formaldehyde in resins and other industrial products has been a subject of great concern in recent years. The presented review focuses on modern alternatives for the production of wood-based panels; i.e., substitutes for formaldehyde in the production of amino and phenolic resins, as well as novel hardeners for formaldehyde-free wood adhesives. Solutions in which formaldehyde in completely replaced are presented in this review. Recent advances indicate that it is possible to develop new formaldehyde-free systems of resins with compatible hardeners. The formaldehyde substitutes that have primarily been tested are glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, and dimethoxyethanal. The use of such substitutes eliminates the problem of free formaldehyde emission originating from the resin used in the production of wood-based panels. However, these alternatives are mostly characterized by worse reactivity, and, as a result, the use of formaldehyde-free resins may affect the mechanical and strength properties of wood-based panels. Nonetheless, there are still many substantial challenges for the complete replacement of formaldehyde and further research is needed, especially in the field of transferring the technology to industrial practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Chrobak
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland;
- Joint Doctoral School, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Jolanta Iłowska
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland;
| | - Anna Chrobok
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tomasz Krawczyk, Czechowicz D, Iłowska J. Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Waxes by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorimetric Detection. J Anal Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820040073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
4
|
Nowicki J, Jaroszewska K, Nowakowska-Bogdan E, Szmatoła M, Iłowska J. Synthesis of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2- H -dihydroquinoline (TMQ) over selected organosulfonic acid silica catalysts: Selectivity aspects. Molecular Catalysis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
|
5
|
Bereska B, Czaja K, Dziuk B, Zarychta B, Ejsmont K, Iłowska J, Szmatoła M, Bereska A. Triclinic conformational polymorph of N, N, N′, N′-tetrakis(2-cyanoethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine (TCED). Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2018-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The crystal and molecular structures of two polymorphs of N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-cyanoethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine have been characterized by X-ray diffraction along with density functional theory (DFT) studies. The molecules differ from each other by conformation. N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-cyanoethyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine has been synthesized by cyanoethylation of ethylenediamine. Cyanoethylation of vicinal diamines is important for the synthesis of hyperbranched polymeric materials applied as catalysts, surfactants and encapsulating agents in drug delivery systems. The molecular geometry of N,N,N′,N′-tetracyanoethyl-1,2-ethylenediamine is similar to that of homologous compounds. DFT calculations were performed to analyze the differences in the molecular geometry of the studied compounds in a crystalline state and for an isolated molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Bereska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia” , Speciality Chemicals Department , 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle , Poland
| | - Krystyna Czaja
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole , 45-052 Opole , Poland
| | - Błażej Dziuk
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole , 45-052 Opole , Poland
| | - Bartosz Zarychta
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole , 45-052 Opole , Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Iłowska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia” , Speciality Chemicals Department , 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle , Poland
| | - Michał Szmatoła
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia” , Speciality Chemicals Department , 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bereska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia” , Speciality Chemicals Department , 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Woch J, Iłowska J, Hordyjewicz-Baran Z, Arabasz S, Kaczmarczyk B, Grabowski R, Libera M, Dworak A, Trzebicka B. Aqueous solution behaviour and solubilisation properties of octadecyl cationic gemini surfactants and their comparison with their amide gemini analogues. Soft Matter 2018; 14:754-764. [PMID: 29292439 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02210g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gemini surfactants 18-s-18(Et), comprised of two ethylammonium headgroups and two alkyl tails with m = 18 carbon atoms with spacers of s = 4, 6, 8 and 10 linking the headgroups (alkanediyl-α,ω-bis(diethyloctadecylammonium bromides)), were obtained. Their aqueous solution behaviour, including adsorption at the interface and aggregation in solution, was followed by tensiometric, conductometric and spectroscopic methods. The critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactants decreased with increasing spacer length. The size of 18-s-18(Et) aggregates formed at concentrations of 10 and 40 CMC measured by DLS varied with the elongation of the spacer. Visualisation of aggregated surfactant structures at 40 CMC by cryo-TEM evidenced the formation of different morphologies depending on spacer length. Gemini with s = 4 formed elongated, cylindrical micelles, while geminis of s = 6, 8 and 10 self-assembled into vesicles. The ability of the studied geminis to solubilise hydrophobic dye Sudan I in water was determined as a function of surfactant concentration, demonstrating their high efficiency. Results for 18-s-18(Et) geminis were compared with those previously obtained for their analogues containing an amide group placed between headgroups and tails. The significant impact of amide groups on the surface activity and aggregation properties of gemini surfactants was evidenced and is related to hydrogen-bond formation by amide-containing compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Woch
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis "Blachownia", Kedzierzyn-Kozle, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bereska B, Czaja K, Nowicki J, Iłowska J, Bereska A, Muszyński M, Szmatoła M, Grabowski R. Effect of Superbasic Ionic Liquids on the Synthesis of Dendritic Polyamines viaAza-Michael Addition Reaction. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Bereska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
- University of Opole; Faculty of Chemistry; Oleska 48 45-052 Opole Poland
| | - Krystyna Czaja
- University of Opole; Faculty of Chemistry; Oleska 48 45-052 Opole Poland
| | - Janusz Nowicki
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
| | - Jolanta Iłowska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bereska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
| | - Marcin Muszyński
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
| | - Michał Szmatoła
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
| | - Rafał Grabowski
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis „Blachownia”; Energetyków 9 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Nowicki J, Bereska B, Dziwiński E, Organek M, Iłowska J, Bereska A. Cyanoethylated Isophoronediamine—New Potential Hardener for Epoxy Resins. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Nowicki
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Bereska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland
| | - Euzebiusz Dziwiński
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland
| | - Maria Organek
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland
| | - Jolanta Iłowska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bereska
- Institute of Heavy Organic Synthesis “Blachownia”, Energetyków 9, 47-225 Kędzierzyn-Koźle, Poland
| |
Collapse
|