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Mayuga KA, Fedorowski A, Ricci F, Gopinathannair R, Dukes JW, Gibbons C, Hanna P, Sorajja D, Chung M, Benditt D, Sheldon R, Ayache MB, AbouAssi H, Shivkumar K, Grubb BP, Hamdan MH, Stavrakis S, Singh T, Goldberger JJ, Muldowney JAS, Belham M, Kem DC, Akin C, Bruce BK, Zahka NE, Fu Q, Van Iterson EH, Raj SR, Fouad-Tarazi F, Goldstein DS, Stewart J, Olshansky B. Sinus Tachycardia: a Multidisciplinary Expert Focused Review. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2022; 15:e007960. [PMID: 36074973 PMCID: PMC9523592 DOI: 10.1161/circep.121.007960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sinus tachycardia (ST) is ubiquitous, but its presence outside of normal physiological triggers in otherwise healthy individuals remains a commonly encountered phenomenon in medical practice. In many cases, ST can be readily explained by a current medical condition that precipitates an increase in the sinus rate, but ST at rest without physiological triggers may also represent a spectrum of normal. In other cases, ST may not have an easily explainable cause but may represent serious underlying pathology and can be associated with intolerable symptoms. The classification of ST, consideration of possible etiologies, as well as the decisions of when and how to intervene can be difficult. ST can be classified as secondary to a specific, usually treatable, medical condition (eg, pulmonary embolism, anemia, infection, or hyperthyroidism) or be related to several incompletely defined conditions (eg, inappropriate ST, postural tachycardia syndrome, mast cell disorder, or post-COVID syndrome). While cardiologists and cardiac electrophysiologists often evaluate patients with symptoms associated with persistent or paroxysmal ST, an optimal approach remains uncertain. Due to the many possible conditions associated with ST, and an overlap in medical specialists who see these patients, the inclusion of experts in different fields is essential for a more comprehensive understanding. This article is unique in that it was composed by international experts in Neurology, Psychology, Autonomic Medicine, Allergy and Immunology, Exercise Physiology, Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Endocrinology, Cardiology, and Cardiac Electrophysiology in the hope that it will facilitate a more complete understanding and thereby result in the better care of patients with ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A. Mayuga
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Artur Fedorowski
- Karolinska Institutet & Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fabrizio Ricci
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G.d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti Scalo, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mina Chung
- Section of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Pacing, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Phoenix, AZ
| | - David Benditt
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | - Mirna B. Ayache
- MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH
| | - Hiba AbouAssi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
| | | | | | | | | | - Tamanna Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH
| | | | - James A. S. Muldowney
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center &Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville Campus, Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN
| | - Mark Belham
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS FT, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C. Kem
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Cem Akin
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | - Nicole E. Zahka
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Qi Fu
- Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas & University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Erik H. Van Iterson
- Section of Preventive Cardiology & Rehabilitation, Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Miller Family Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, OH
| | - Satish R Raj
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Howell S, Dukes JW, Vittinghoff E, Tang J, Moss JD, Lee RJ, Lee B, Tseng ZH, Vedantham V, Olgin JE, Scheinman MM, Hsia HH, Gerstenfeld EP, Marcus GM. PO-683-03 PREMATURE ATRIAL CONTRACTION LOCATION AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION INDUCIBILITY. Heart Rhythm 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.03.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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