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Frias H, Murga Valderrama NL, Flores Durand GJ, Cornejo VG, Romani AC, Bardales W, Segura GT, Polveiro RC, Vieira DDS, Ramos Sanchez EM, Lopez Lapa RM, Maicelo Quintana JL. Comparative analysis of fasting effects on the cecum microbiome in three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1283738. [PMID: 38173670 PMCID: PMC10761435 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1283738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Guinea pigs have historically been used as a food source and are also an important model for studying the human intestines. Fasting is the act of temporarily stopping the intake of food. This process can alter the microbiota of various animals. This study is the first to investigate the impact of fasting on the cecum microbiome of three guinea pig breeds. We investigated the impact of fasting on the microbiome population structure in the cecum of three guinea pig breeds. This was done by sequencing and analyzing the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene in bacterial communities found in cecum mucosa samples. To achieve this, we established two treatment groups (fasting and fed), for each of the three guinea pig breeds: Andina, Inti, and Peru. The study involved twenty-eight guinea pigs, which were divided into the following groups: Andina-fed (five), Andina-fasting (five), Inti-fed (four), Inti-fasting (five), Peru-fed (five), and Peru-fasting (four). The results indicated a significant difference in beta diversity between the treatment groups for the Peru breed (P-value = 0.049), but not for the treatment groups of the Andina and Inti breeds. The dominant phyla across all groups were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. We observed variations in the abundance of different taxa in the cecum microbiota when comparing the treatment groups for each breed. Additionally, there was a higher number of unique taxa observed in the fasting groups compared to the fed groups. We discovered that the genus Victivallis was the only one present in all fasting groups across all breeds. Despite the findings, the resilience of the gut microbiome was not challenged in all three breeds, which can lead to disruptive changes that may affect the overall maintenance of the cecum microbiome. Based on the observed differences in the treatment groups of the Peru breed, it can be suggested that fasting has a greater impact on this particular breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Frias
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Nilton Luis Murga Valderrama
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Gary J. Flores Durand
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Victor G. Cornejo
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Ana C. Romani
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - William Bardales
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - G. T. Segura
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Richard C. Polveiro
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Sector of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Department of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Dielson da S. Vieira
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Eduardo M. Ramos Sanchez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Departamento de Zootecnia, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, Brazil
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Rainer M. Lopez Lapa
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Jorge Luis Maicelo Quintana
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru
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Murga Valderrama NL, Segura Portocarrero GT, Romani Vasquez AC, Frias Torres H, Flores Durand GJ, Cornejo Villanueva VG, Del Solar JC, Costa Polveiro R, da Silva Vieira D, Bardales Escalante W, Zamora-Huamán SJ, Ordinola-Ramirez CM, Maicelo Quintana JL, Lopez Lapa RM. Exploring the microbiome of two uterine sites in cows. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18768. [PMID: 37907617 PMCID: PMC10618249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial communities in the mammalian reproductive system can be rich and diverse, differing in structure and quantity depending on location. In addition, its microbiome is associated with the state of health of this tract and reproductive success. This study evaluated the microbiome composition of the uterine body (UB) and uterine horn mucosa (UH) samples using 16S rRNA sequencing of samples extracted from cows in the Amazon region. It was observed that four main phyla were shared between the uterine sites: Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria. Linear discriminant analysis effect size and heat tree analysis showed that members of Lachnospiraceae (NK3A20 group) and Oscillospiraceae were significantly more abundant in the UB than in UH. In addition, there are more unique genera in the UB than in the UH. A higher bacterial load in UB than in UH is expected because of the exposure to external factors of UB. However, comparing the site's communities through beta diversity did not generate well-defined clustering. Thus, it can be attributed to the closeness of the sites, which would make the niches similar ecologically and microbiologically. Therefore, this research provides knowledge to understand biomarkers in the prior reproduction period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilton Luis Murga Valderrama
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Gleni Tatiana Segura Portocarrero
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Ana Cecilia Romani Vasquez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Hugo Frias Torres
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Gary Jacsel Flores Durand
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Victor Guillermo Cornejo Villanueva
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Jakson Ch Del Solar
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Richard Costa Polveiro
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Sector of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Department of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Dielson da Silva Vieira
- Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Chemistry Department, Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - William Bardales Escalante
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Segundo José Zamora-Huamán
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Carla Maria Ordinola-Ramirez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Jorge Luis Maicelo Quintana
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru
| | - Rainer Marco Lopez Lapa
- Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru.
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ganadería y Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru.
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, 01001, Chachapoyas, Peru.
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Frias H, Murga Valderrama NL, Flores GJ, Cornejo VG, Del Solar JC, Romani AC, Bardales W, Segura GT, Polveiro RC, Vieira DDS, Lopez Lapa RM, Maicelo Quintana JL. An analysis of the cecum microbiome of three breeds of the guinea pig: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Res Vet Sci 2023; 161:50-61. [PMID: 37321011 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of host genetics on the structure and composition of the cecum microbiota of three breeds of guinea pigs: Andina, Inti, and Peru. Fifteen guinea pigs were distributed into three groups according to their breed: Andina (5), Inti (5), and Peru (5). We discovered that four main phyla were shared between the three breeds: Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Spirochaetota, and Synergistota. Although there were no significant differences in the alpha and beta diversity analysis, we found that the Linear discriminant analysis effect size and the heat tree analysis showed significant differences between the abundance of several taxa present in the cecum microbiome of the three breeds. These results suggest that host genetics could be a factor in the structure and composition of the guinea pig cecum microbiome. In addition, we found unique genera for each breed that have fermentation capacity and, therefore can be analyzed in further studies to determine if there is a functional relationship between them and the breed and its industrial profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Frias
- Academic Department of Zootechnics, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Nilton Luis Murga Valderrama
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Gary J Flores
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Victor G Cornejo
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Jakson Ch Del Solar
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Ana C Romani
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - William Bardales
- Laboratory of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, Faculty of Zootechnical Engineering, Agribusiness, and Biotechnology, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - G T Segura
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Richard C Polveiro
- Laboratory of Bacterial Diseases, Sector of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, Department of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brazil
| | - Dielson da S Vieira
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rainer M Lopez Lapa
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Peru.
| | - Jorge Luis Maicelo Quintana
- Livestock and Biotechnology Research Institute, National University Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza, Amazonas, Peru
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Torres Jara de García GP, Durand-Chávez LM, Quispe-Ccasa HA, Linares-Rivera JL, Segura Portocarrero GT, Calderón Tito R, Vásquez Pérez HV, Maicelo Quintana JL, Ampuero-Trigoso G, Robles Rodríguez RR, Saucedo-Uriarte JA. Sustainability of livestock farms: The case of the district of Moyobamba, Peru. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13153. [PMID: 36755598 PMCID: PMC9900507 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The Peruvian Amazon is a geographical area with great biodiversity, where the main economic activities are agricultural crops and grazing animals. The evaluation of sustainability in production systems is based on the analysis of economic, environmental and social components, which are variable between production units or livestock farms. The classification of livestock farms based on their characteristics of similarity and differences can contribute to the most appropriate assessment of their level of sustainability. The objective of this research was to determine the level of sustainability of livestock farms in the district of Moyobamba, San Martín, Peru, based on environmental, economic and social criteria. The research was carried out from November 2018 to February 2019 with a survey of a sample of 60 livestock farms out of a population of 2220. A survey-type form and data collection in the field were applied, adapting a methodology that proposes inferring on 33 indicators grouped into six criteria: three environmental criteria (soil quality, pasture health and animal quality), two economic criteria (farm system and farm economy), and a social criterion of the farm. A scale from 1 to 10 was used to assess the condition of each indicator. The typification of farms was carried out through a Conglomerate Analysis. To analyze the level of sustainability, Amoeba graphs were constructed for each defined farm group. Qualitative variables were analyzed with contingency tables and quantitative variables using the T test (p < 0.05). Three types of livestock farms were identified, differentiated by level of education, farm size, years in cattle raising and number of cattle heads (p < 0.05), where Group 1 is less experienced, Group 1 has more area and cattle, and Group 3 only have older years in livestock. There were significant differences between the evaluated criteria and the sustainability index. From the typification of livestock farms, Group 2 (13 farms) presented a higher level of sustainability as did Group 3 (16 farms), while Group 1 (31 farms) presented unsustainable conditions. The environmental indicators based on animal quality and farm system show unsustainability in all farms the District of Moyobamba, as they fail to exceed the threshold of sustainability (5).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luz Marlene Durand-Chávez
- Estación Experimental Agraria El Porvenir del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria – INIA, Juan Guerra, San Martín, 22400, Peru
| | - Hurley Abel Quispe-Ccasa
- Estación Experimental Agraria El Porvenir del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria – INIA, Juan Guerra, San Martín, 22400, Peru
| | - Jaime Lizardo Linares-Rivera
- Estación Experimental Agraria El Porvenir del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria – INIA, Juan Guerra, San Martín, 22400, Peru
| | | | - René Calderón Tito
- Instituto Qualitas - Gestión, Innovación y Mejora Continua, Tarapoto, San Martín, 22201, Peru
| | - Héctor Vladimir Vásquez Pérez
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología de la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, 01001, Peru
| | - Jorge Luis Maicelo Quintana
- Facultad de Ingeniería Zootecnista, Agronegocios y Biotecnología de la Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Amazonas, 01001, Peru
| | - Gustavo Ampuero-Trigoso
- Estación Experimental Agraria El Porvenir del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria – INIA, Juan Guerra, San Martín, 22400, Peru
| | | | - José Américo Saucedo-Uriarte
- Estación Experimental Agraria El Porvenir del Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria – INIA, Juan Guerra, San Martín, 22400, Peru
- Corresponding author.
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Oliva M, Culqui Mirano L, Leiva S, Collazos R, Salas R, Vásquez H, Maicelo Quintana JL. Reserve of carbon in a silvopastoral system composed of Pinus patula and native herbaceous. Sci Agropecu 2017. [DOI: 10.17268/sci.agropecu.2017.02.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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