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Ventura F, Granadeiro JP, Catry P, Gjerdrum C, De Pascalis F, Viveiros F, Silva I, Menezes D, Paiva VH, Silva MC. Allochrony is shaped by foraging niche segregation rather than adaptation to the windscape in long-ranging seabirds. Mov Ecol 2024; 12:27. [PMID: 38566221 PMCID: PMC10988818 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-024-00463-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecological segregation allows populations to reduce competition and coexist in sympatry. Using as model organisms two closely related gadfly petrels endemic to the Madeira archipelago and breeding with a two month allochrony, we investigated how movement and foraging preferences shape ecological segregation in sympatric species. We tested the hypothesis that the breeding allochrony is underpinned by foraging niche segregation. Additionally, we investigated whether our data supported the hypothesis that allochrony is driven by species-specific adaptations to different windscapes. METHODS We present contemporaneous tracking and stable isotopes datasets for Zino's (Pterodroma madeira) and Desertas (Pterodroma deserta) petrels. We quantified the year-round distribution of the petrels, characterised their isotopic niches and quantified their habitat preferences using machine learning (boosted regression trees). Hidden-Markov-models were used to investigate the effect of wind on the central-place movement speed, and a simulation framework was developed to investigate whether each species breeds at times when the windscape is most favourable to sustain their trips. RESULTS Despite substantial spatial overlap throughout the year, the petrels exhibited diverging isotopic niches and habitat preferences during breeding. Both species used a vast pelagic region in the North Atlantic, but targeted two different mesopelagic ecoregions and showed a preference for habitats mostly differing in sea surface temperature values. Based on our simulation framework, we found that both species would perform trips of similar speed during the other species' breeding season. CONCLUSIONS The different breeding schedules between the species are underpinned by differences in foraging habitat preferences and adaptation to the local environment, rather than to the windscape. Nevertheless, the larger Desertas petrels exploited significantly windier conditions, potentially unsustainable for the smaller Zino's petrels. Furthermore, due to larger mass and likely higher fasting endurance, Desertas petrels engaged in central-place-foraging movements that covered more ground and lasted longer than those of Zino's petrels. Ultimately, patterns of ecological segregation in sympatric seabirds are shaped by a complex interplay between foraging and movement ecology, where morphology, foraging trip regulation and fasting endurance have an important- yet poorly understood- role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ventura
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Ispa - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carina Gjerdrum
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, B2Y 2N6, Dartmouth, NS, Canada
| | - Federico De Pascalis
- Area Avifauna Migratrice, Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA), Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Filipe Viveiros
- Parque Natural da Madeira, Quinta do Bom Sucesso, Caminho do Meio, 9050-251, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Isamberto Silva
- Parque Natural da Madeira, Quinta do Bom Sucesso, Caminho do Meio, 9050-251, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Dilia Menezes
- Parque Natural da Madeira, Quinta do Bom Sucesso, Caminho do Meio, 9050-251, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Vítor H Paiva
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre / ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica C Silva
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Romero J, Alonso H, Freitas L, Granadeiro JP. Food web of the oceanic region of the archipelago of Madeira: The role of marine megafauna in the subtropical northeast Atlantic ecosystem. Mar Environ Res 2024; 195:106382. [PMID: 38309039 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Many oceanic areas are still in need of baseline information on their structure and functioning. This is particularly important due to the ever-increasing impacts of global changes, which have led to the decline of marine life, and top predators in particular. The study of the structure and functioning of food webs can help understand the consequences of the disappearance of this group in marine ecosystems. Here, we develop a mass-balanced model for the marine Exclusive Economic Zone of the archipelago of Madeira, with emphasis on the role of marine megafauna in this ecosystem. A total of 50 functional groups were defined, representing coastal and open ocean areas, and epipelagic and deep-sea levels. The total biomass of the Madeira system was calculated at 52.68 t km-2, with lower trophic level organisms comprising 89.9 % of its biomass. Marine megafauna, namely pelagic sharks and coastal birds had the highest impacts across other trophic levels and were classified as keystone species, together with monk seals. The food web was characterized by a linear-like food chain, with a large proportion of specialized organisms, including dolphins, shearwaters, and large pelagic fish. The low mean trophic level of the system was 2.03, much lower than that of fisheries (4.3) targeting mainly tunas and Black scabbardfish. Considering the importance of marine megafauna in this food web and the threats they are facing; monitoring studies of key species in the region should be a priority. This study can now be used to build a needed ecosystem-based fisheries management and integrate conservation measures to declining species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Romero
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Hany Alonso
- Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Av. Alm. Gago Coutinho 46A, 1700-031, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Freitas
- Museu da Baleia da Madeira, Rua Garcia Moniz 1, 9200-031, Caniçal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
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Correia E, Granadeiro JP, Santos B, Mata VA, Dias E, Regalla A, Catry T. Diet of the critically endangered blackchin guitarfish Glaucostegus cemiculus revealed using DNA metabarcoding. J Fish Biol 2024; 104:324-328. [PMID: 37787164 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
We present the first assessment of the diet of the blackchin guitarfish Glaucostegus cemiculus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1817) for West Africa using DNA metabarcoding on stomach contents of individuals captured in the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. The diet was dominated by crustaceans, particularly caramote prawn Penaeus kerathurus (frequency of occurrence [FO] = 74%, numerical frequency [NF] = 54%) and fiddler crab Afruca tangeri (FO = 74%, NF = 12%). Bony fishes were present in 30% of the stomachs. We highlight the importance of conservation action for intertidal habitats and their associated benthic invertebrates for the survival of the critically endangered blackchin guitarfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Correia
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Bárbara Santos
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Vanessa A Mata
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Emanuel Dias
- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas, Dr. Alfredo Simão da Silva (IBAP), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Aissa Regalla
- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas, Dr. Alfredo Simão da Silva (IBAP), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Catry T, Vale C, Pedro P, Pereira E, Mil-Homens M, Raimundo J, Tavares D, Granadeiro JP. Corrigendum to "Elemental composition of whole body soft tissues in bivalves from the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau" [Environ. Pollut. 288 (2021) 117705]. Environ Pollut 2023; 330:121778. [PMID: 37209664 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Catry
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos Do Ambiente e Do Mar, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Carlos Vale
- IPMA - Divisão de Oceanografia e Ambiente Marinho, Instituto Português Do Mar da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 1495-165, Algés, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Pedro
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos Do Ambiente e Do Mar, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Escola Básica Integrada de Angra do Heroísmo, 9700-179, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, LCA and REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mário Mil-Homens
- IPMA - Divisão de Oceanografia e Ambiente Marinho, Instituto Português Do Mar da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 1495-165, Algés, Portugal
| | - Joana Raimundo
- IPMA - Divisão de Oceanografia e Ambiente Marinho, Instituto Português Do Mar da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 1495-165, Algés, Portugal
| | - Daniela Tavares
- Department of Chemistry, LCA and REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM - Centro de Estudos Do Ambiente e Do Mar, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Gutiérrez JS, Catry T, Espinosa‐Colín M, Masero JA, Granadeiro JP. Heat stress increases risk taking in foraging shorebirds. Funct Ecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S. Gutiérrez
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura Badajoz Spain
- Ecología en el Antropoceno, Unidad asociada CSIC‐UEX, Universidad de Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - María Espinosa‐Colín
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - José A. Masero
- Departamento de Anatomía, Biología Celular y Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura Badajoz Spain
- Ecología en el Antropoceno, Unidad asociada CSIC‐UEX, Universidad de Extremadura Badajoz Spain
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
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Correia E, Granadeiro JP, Vale C, Catry T. Trace elements in relation to trophic ecology of long-distance migratory shorebirds and seabirds in West Africa. Environ Pollut 2023; 316:120674. [PMID: 36403880 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Shorebirds and seabirds are abundant predators in coastal habitats worldwide, relying upon a high diversity of benthic invertebrates and fish, respectively. While occupying different trophic guilds, they are differently exposed to element contamination entering the coastal food web. Therefore, these birds have been used as bioindicators of environmental contamination in marine ecosystems. We analysed the concentration of trace elements in blood samples of 16 shorebird and seabird migratory species in a major non-breeding site, the Bijagós Archipelago, in regard to their trophic ecology. Overall, our study shows low exposure of this bird community to toxic elements, except for Hg. Most species presented Hg burdens within the moderate toxicity threshold, but one species (Dunlin) presented values at a potential high Hg toxicity risk. We found a positive relationship between Se and Ni concentrations and δ15N values (a proxy for trophic level). In addition, a positive relationship was found between δ13C (a proxy for habitat characteristics) and Hg, Fe, Cu and Mn, while the opposite pattern was recorded for As. Differences were also shown for several trace elements between the two studied trophic guilds: concentrations of As, Pb and Se were higher in pelagic fish consumers (seabirds), whereas Cr, Fe and Sr burdens were higher in benthic invertebrate consumers (shorebirds). Although previous studies in the same site revealed very high concentrations of Cd and Pb in some of the prey species of shorebirds and seabirds (bivalves and fishes), values found in birds for these two elements suggest no toxicological risk. Thus, exposure to toxic elements is not currently a threat to coastal bird populations, namely those facing apparent local declines in Guinea-Bissau, one of the most important non-breeding quarters for of West Africa. Still, Hg burdens were high in some species, deserving further monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Correia
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- IPMA - Divisão de Oceanografia e Ambiente Marinho, Instituto Português Do Mar da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6 1495-165, Algés, Portugal
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Coelho AP, Henriques M, Rocha AD, Paulino J, Schaars LK, Ramos C, de Barros AR, Catry T, Granadeiro JP, Piersma T, Alves JA. Spatial and seasonal variation in macrozoobenthic density, biomass and community composition in a major tropical intertidal area, the Bijagós Archipelago, West-Africa. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277861. [PMID: 36441788 PMCID: PMC9704600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The coastal intertidal ecosystem of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, one of the largest and most important in West Africa, sustains a considerable proportion of the migratory shorebird populations of the East Atlantic Flyway and operates as a nursery area for benthic fish in the region. The macrozoobenthos in these mudflats constitute the main food source for both groups so that spatial and temporal variation in their abundance and community composition is likely to influence the abundance and distribution of fish and birds. In this study we described the spatial and temporal dynamics in the density, biomass, and community composition of macrozoobenthos across six intertidal flats in three islands of the Bijagós Archipelago. Overall, the Bijagós Archipelago was characterised by a highly species-rich macrozoobenthic community, with ca. 88 taxa identified across all sites, reaching a mean density of 1871 ± 58.3 ind.m-2 (mean ± SE) and mean biomass of 5.65 ± 0.41 g of AFDM.m-2 (ash-free dry mass per m2), values much lower than what was described for nearby intertidal areas, namely the Band d'Arguin, Mauritania. Density and biomass of major macrozoobenthos classes (Bivalvia, Polychaeta, Malacostraca and Gastropoda) differed across sites and months, displaying an overall increase in density towards the final months of the dry season (March and April). Similarly, community composition also differed significantly between sites and throughout the season. The site with most distinct community composition (Adonga) supported low diversity and high abundance of a few bivalve species, whilst other two sites that hosted the most diverse communities, were also the most similar between them (Anrumai and Abu). These spatial and temporal patterns constitute an important baseline to improve knowledge of this intertidal ecosystem and will contribute towards a better understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of their consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pinto Coelho
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Mohamed Henriques
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Afonso Duarte Rocha
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Conservation Biology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - João Paulino
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Loran Kleine Schaars
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Catarina Ramos
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Aissa Regalla de Barros
- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas Dr. Alfredo Simão da Silva (IBAP), Bissau, Guiné-Bissau
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Theunis Piersma
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - José Augusto Alves
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland, Laugarvatn, Iceland
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Morera‐Pujol V, Catry P, Magalhães M, Péron C, Reyes‐González JM, Granadeiro JP, Militão T, Dias MP, Oro D, Dell'Omo G, Müller M, Paiva VH, Metzger B, Neves V, Navarro J, Karris G, Xirouchakis S, Cecere JG, Zamora‐López A, Forero MG, Ouni R, Romdhane MS, De Felipe F, Zajková Z, Cruz‐Flores M, Grémillet D, González‐Solís J, Ramos R. Methods to detect spatial biases in tracking studies caused by differential representativeness of individuals, populations and time. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Morera‐Pujol
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE ‐ Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ISPA‐Instituto Universitário Lisbon Portugal
| | - Maria Magalhães
- Regional Secretariat for the Sea, Science and Technology Regional Directorate for Sea Affairs (DRAM) Horta Portugal
| | - Clara Péron
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (UMR BOREA) MNHN, CNRS, IRD, SU, UCN, UA Paris France
| | - José Manuel Reyes‐González
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, CESAM, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Teresa Militão
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Maria P. Dias
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE (Global Change and Sustainability Institute). Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Daniel Oro
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC) Blanes Spain
- IMEDEA (CSIC‐UIB) Esporles Spain
| | | | - Martina Müller
- Department of Natural Resources Science University of Rhode Island Kingston Rhode Island USA
| | - Vitor H. Paiva
- Department of Life Sciences, MARE ‐ Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET ‐ Aquatic Research Network University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Verónica Neves
- Institute of Marine Sciences ‐ Okeanos University of the Azores Horta Portugal
| | - Joan Navarro
- Institut de Ciències del Mar CSIC Barcelona Spain
| | - Georgios Karris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Environment Ionian University Zakinthos Greece
| | - Stavros Xirouchakis
- Natural History Museum of Crete, University Campus (Knossos). School of Sciences & Engineering University of Crete Crete Greece
| | - Jacopo G. Cecere
- Area per l'Avifauna Migratrice (BIO‐AVM) Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) Ozzano Emilia Italy
| | - Antonio Zamora‐López
- Southeast Naturalists Association (ANSE) Murcia Spain
- Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology University of Murcia, Espinardo Campus Murcia Spain
| | | | - Ridha Ouni
- Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia
| | | | - Fernanda De Felipe
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Zuzana Zajková
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC) Blanes Spain
| | - Marta Cruz‐Flores
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - David Grémillet
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), UMR 5175, CNRS, EPHE, IRD Université La Rochelle Montpellier France
- Percy Fitzpatrick Institute of African Ornithology NRF‐DST Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town Rondebosch South Africa
| | - Jacob González‐Solís
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
| | - Raül Ramos
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) Universitat de Barcelona (UB) Barcelona Spain
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Bauch C, Gatt MC, Verhulst S, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Higher mercury contamination is associated with shorter telomeres in a long-lived seabird - A direct effect or a consequence of among-individual variation in phenotypic quality? Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156359. [PMID: 35654175 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mercury is a heavy metal, which is pervasive and persistent in the marine environment. It bioaccumulates within organisms and biomagnifies in the marine food chain. Due to its high toxicity, mercury contamination is a major concern for wildlife and human health. Telomere length is a biomarker of aging and health, because it predicts survival, making it a potential tool to investigate sublethal effects of mercury contamination. However, the relationship between telomeres and mercury contamination is unclear. We measured feather mercury concentration in Cory's Shearwaters Calonectris borealis, long-lived seabirds and top predators, between 9 and 35 years of age and related it to telomere length in erythrocytes. Cory's Shearwaters with higher mercury concentrations had shorter telomeres and the effect was sex-dependent, reaching significance in males only. This may be explained by the fact that males have longer telomeres and higher and more variable mercury concentrations than females in this population. The mercury effect on telomere length was stronger on longer telomeres in the genome within individuals. We discuss the hypotheses that the negative correlation could either be a direct effect of mercury on telomere shortening and/or a consequence of variation in phenotypic quality among individuals that results in a covariation between mercury contamination and telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bauch
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marie Claire Gatt
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal
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10
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Ventura F, Catry P, Dias MP, Breed GA, Folch A, Granadeiro JP. A central place foraging seabird flies at right angles to the wind to jointly optimize locomotor and olfactory search efficiency. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220895. [PMID: 36043278 PMCID: PMC9428525 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To increase the probability of detecting odour plumes, and so increase prey capture success, when winds are stable central place foraging seabirds should fly crosswind to maximize the round-trip distance covered. At present, however, there is no empirical evidence of this theoretical prediction. Here, using an extensive GPS tracking dataset, we investigate, for the first time, the foraging movements of Bulwer's petrels (Bulweria bulwerii) in the persistent North Atlantic trade winds. To test the hypotheses that, in stable winds, petrels use crosswind to maximize both the distance covered and the probability of detecting olfactory cues, we combine state-space models, generalized additive models and Gaussian plume models. Bulwer's petrels had the highest degree of selectivity for crosswinds documented to date, often leading to systematic zig-zag flights. Crosswinds maximized both the distance travelled and the probability of detecting odour plumes integrated across the round-trip (rather than at any given point along the route, which would result in energetically costly return flight). This evidence suggests that petrels plan round-trip flights at departure, integrating expected costs of homeward journeys. Our findings, which are probably true for other seabirds in similar settings, further highlight the critical role of wind in seabird foraging ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ventura
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Ispa–Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria P. Dias
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Greg A. Breed
- Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Arnau Folch
- Geociencias Barcelona–Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas (GEO3BCN-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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11
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Verdasca MJ, Carvalheiro L, Aguirre Gutierrez J, Granadeiro JP, Rome Q, Puechmaille SJ, Rebelo R, Rebelo H. Contrasting patterns from two invasion fronts suggest a niche shift of an invasive predator of native bees. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13269. [PMID: 35573178 PMCID: PMC9104094 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The accuracy of predictions of invasive species ranges is dependent on niche similarity between invasive and native populations and on our ability to identify the niche characteristics. With this work we aimed to compare the niche dynamics of two genetically related invasive populations of Vespa velutina (an effective predator of honeybees and wild pollinators), in two distinct climatic regions, one in central Europe and another one in the north-western Iberian Peninsula, and hence to identify uninvaded regions susceptible to invasion. Methods Niche dynamics and shifts of V. velutina were assessed by comparing the environmental niches of the native and of the two invasive populations, using climatic, topographic and land use variables. We also ran reciprocal distribution models using different algorithms and records from both native and invasive ranges to compare model predictions and estimate which regions are at a greater risk of being invaded. Results An apparent niche shift was detected in the population of the NW of Iberian Peninsula, where the species is living under environmental conditions different from the native niche. In central Europe, large suitable areas remain unoccupied. The fact that both invasive populations are well established, despite occupying environmentally distinct regions indicates that V. velutina has a high ability to successfully invade different environmental envelopes from those existing in its native range. For example, in north-western Iberian Peninsula the species is now thriving out of its native niche limits. Moreover, the large extent of still unoccupied environmental space with similar conditions to those used by the species in its native range suggests that there is still a large area of central and eastern Europe that can be potentially invaded by the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Verdasca
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Sciences of Lisbon University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luisa Carvalheiro
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Sciences of Lisbon University, Lisboa, Portugal,Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiana, Brasil
| | - Jesus Aguirre Gutierrez
- School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Environmental Change Institute, Oxford, UK,Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Biodiversity Dynamics, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) — Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Quentin Rome
- UMS 2006 PatriNat –OFB, CNRS, MNHN, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France,ISYEB UMR 7205 CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Sebastien J. Puechmaille
- Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany,School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,ISEM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Rui Rebelo
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Sciences of Lisbon University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Rebelo
- University of Porto, CIBIO/InBIO, Porto, Portugal,CEABN/InBIO, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal
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Correia E, Granadeiro JP, Vale C, Catry T. Linking trophic ecology with element concentrations in a coastal fish community of the Bijagós Archipelago, West Africa. Mar Pollut Bull 2022; 178:113555. [PMID: 35339058 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the concentration of 13 elements in the muscle and liver of 17 coastal fish species of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, and link element concentrations to trophic ecology as assessed by carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotopes. We found higher concentrations of Hg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se and As in liver as compared to muscle tissue, and the opposite pattern for Sr and Ca in all fish species. The concentration of Hg and Se in muscle samples increased significantly with δ15N, suggesting a biomagnification of these elements in this food chain. The concentrations of Ca and Sr, Fe and Cr, Ca and Mn, and Fe and Mn were positively correlated to each other in more than 50% of the studied species. Fish constitute the most important animal protein source for people in Guinea-Bissau, and thus assessing the concentrations of potentially toxic elements is relevant for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Correia
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- IPMA - Divisão de Oceanografia e Ambiente Marinho, Instituto Português Do Mar da Atmosfera, I.P., Avenida Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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13
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Catry T, Granadeiro JP, Gutiérrez JS, Correia E. Stopover use of a large estuarine wetland by dunlins during spring and autumn migrations: Linking local refuelling conditions to migratory strategies. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263031. [PMID: 35077514 PMCID: PMC8789102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Migratory strategies dictate stopover ecology, particularly concerning decisions of when, where and how long to stop, and what to do at stationary periods. In birds, individuals stop primarily to replenish energy stores, although the functions of stopover events vary among and within species, particularly between pre- and post-breeding seasons. Here, we combined plasma metabolite levels and haematological parameters to compare refuelling rates and physiological state within (early, mid, late) and between (spring, autumn) migratory periods, aiming to identify potentially different migratory strategies in a shorebird, the dunlin Calidris alpina, using a key stopover site in Iberia. Plasma triglycerides and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations did not differ between seasons, and small differences were found in haematological profiles (higher haemoglobin and hematocrit levels in spring). Similar refuelling rates and physiological status suggests a single migratory strategy in spring and autumn. During both seasons, dunlins arrive at the Tagus estuary with medium-to-high fuel loads, indicating they do not engage in prolonged fuelling. This agrees with a skipping migratory strategy, where birds fly short-to-medium distances while fuelling at moderate rates along a network of sites. Although we may expect late spring migrants to experience stronger pressures to optimally schedule migratory events, we found no significant differences in physiological profiles among early, mid and late migrants. Unexpectedly, such differences were found in autumn: early birds showed the highest triglycerides and haemoglobin levels and lowest β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations. These results denote enhanced refuelling rates and blood oxygen-carrying capacity in early autumn migrants, which is typical of jumpers, i.e., birds travelling with larger fuel loads and performing fewer stops. Our study adds substantially to previous knowledge of stopover ecology in migratory shorebirds in the East Atlantic Flyway. Importantly, it indicates that the Tagus estuary is a high-quality stopover site for intermediate fuelling. Yet, understanding non-fuelling stopping functions is needed to ultimately inform conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Catry
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Campo Grande, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Campo Grande, Portugal
| | - Jorge Sánchez Gutiérrez
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Zoology, Conservation Biology Research Group, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- Ecology in the Anthropocene, Associated Unit CSIC-UEX, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Edna Correia
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Campo Grande, Portugal
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Ventura F, Granadeiro JP, Lukacs PM, Kuepfer A, Catry P. Environmental variability directly affects the prevalence of divorce in monogamous albatrosses. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20212112. [PMID: 34814753 PMCID: PMC8611344 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In many socially monogamous species, divorce is a strategy used to correct for sub-optimal partnerships and is informed by measures of previous breeding performance. The environment affects the productivity and survival of populations, thus indirectly affecting divorce via changes in demographic rates. However, whether environmental fluctuations directly modulate the prevalence of divorce in a population remains poorly understood. Here, using a longitudinal dataset on the long-lived black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophris) as a model organism, we test the hypothesis that environmental variability directly affects divorce. We found that divorce rate varied across years (1% to 8%). Individuals were more likely to divorce after breeding failures. However, regardless of previous breeding performance, the probability of divorce was directly affected by the environment, increasing in years with warm sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA). Furthermore, our state-space models show that warm SSTA increased the probability of switching mates in females in successful relationships. For the first time, to our knowledge, we document the disruptive effects of challenging environmental conditions on the breeding processes of a monogamous population, potentially mediated by higher reproductive costs, changes in phenology and physiological stress. Environmentally driven divorce may therefore represent an overlooked consequence of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ventura
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Paul M. Lukacs
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W. A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Amanda Kuepfer
- SAERI—South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, Falkland Islands FIQQ 1ZZ, UK
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, Lisboa 1149-041, Portugal
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Romero J, Vieira C, Garrido S, Hermida M, Catry P, Faria G, Granadeiro JP. Diet and trophic position of two mackerel species in the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal. J Fish Biol 2021; 99:831-843. [PMID: 33900637 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Atlantic chub mackerel Scomber colias and the blue jack mackerel Trachurus picturatus are two abundant species in the Macaronesia region which includes the archipelago of Madeira, Portugal. Both are key species in the trophic web, being important prey for several local top predators, such as seabirds and marine mammals. Nonetheless, little is known about their feeding ecology in oceanic environments. In this study, the authors describe the seasonal variation in the diet of S. colias and T. picturatus in the oceanic region of Madeira throughout a year. Visual inspection of stomach contents revealed that S. colias fed on a broader range of prey groups than T. picturatus, but for both species, zooplankton (particularly calanoid copepods) and fish were the most important food items. The diet of S. colias included a higher proportion of fish, namely Atlantic saury Scomberesox saurus and S. colias, than that of T. picturatus, that included mostly the longspine snipefish Macroramphosus scolopax. T. picturatus consumed a higher proportion of decapods and other copepods. Seasonal variation was found in the diet of both species, with zooplanktonic species being more important in colder months (February to April) for S. colias and during warm months (May to October) for T. picturatus. Their diet in other seasons was dominated by fish. Although they consume similar prey, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of muscle of S. colias and T. picturatus showed little overlap in their diets, and T. picturatus showed higher δ15 N and a narrower isotopic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Romero
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carolina Vieira
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Garrido
- IPMA - Portuguese Institute for Sea and Atmosphere, Lisbon, Portugal
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Campo Grande, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Hermida
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Funchal, Portugal
- Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo, Caminho da Penteada, Funchal, Portugal
- University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Graça Faria
- Research Service, Direção Regional de Pescas (DRP), (Regional Directorate of Fisheries), Funchal, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Davies TE, Carneiro AP, Tarzia M, Wakefield E, Hennicke JC, Frederiksen M, Hansen ES, Campos B, Hazin C, Lascelles B, Anker‐Nilssen T, Arnardóttir H, Barrett RT, Biscoito M, Bollache L, Boulinier T, Catry P, Ceia FR, Chastel O, Christensen‐Dalsgaard S, Cruz‐Flores M, Danielsen J, Daunt F, Dunn E, Egevang C, Fagundes AI, Fayet AL, Fort J, Furness RW, Gilg O, González‐Solís J, Granadeiro JP, Grémillet D, Guilford T, Hanssen SA, Harris MP, Hedd A, Huffeldt NP, Jessopp M, Kolbeinsson Y, Krietsch J, Lang J, Linnebjerg JF, Lorentsen S, Madeiros J, Magnusdottir E, Mallory ML, McFarlane Tranquilla L, Merkel FR, Militão T, Moe B, Montevecchi WA, Morera‐Pujol V, Mosbech A, Neves V, Newell MA, Olsen B, Paiva VH, Peter H, Petersen A, Phillips RA, Ramírez I, Ramos JA, Ramos R, Ronconi RA, Ryan PG, Schmidt NM, Sigurðsson IA, Sittler B, Steen H, Stenhouse IJ, Strøm H, Systad GHR, Thompson P, Thórarinsson TL, Bemmelen RS, Wanless S, Zino F, Dias MP. Multispecies tracking reveals a major seabird hotspot in the North Atlantic. Conserv Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ewan Wakefield
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow U.K
| | | | | | | | - Bruna Campos
- EuroNatur Foundation Radolfzell Germany
- Stichting BirdLife Europe Brussels Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Loïc Bollache
- UMR 6249 Chrono‐environnement Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique Francheville France
| | - Thierry Boulinier
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive CNRS ‐ Université de Montpellier ‐ Université Paul‐Valéry Montpellier – EPHE Montpellier France
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE ‐ Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ISPA ‐ Instituto Universitário Lisbon Portugal
| | - Filipe R. Ceia
- University of Coimbra, MARE‐Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Dep. Life Sciences Coimbra Portugal
| | - Olivier Chastel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC) UMR 7372 CNRS‐La Rochelle Université Villiers‐en‐bois France
| | | | - Marta Cruz‐Flores
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Dept. de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jérôme Fort
- Littoral, Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs) UMR 7266 CNRS‐La Rochelle Université La Rochelle France
| | - Robert W. Furness
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine University of Glasgow Glasgow U.K
| | - Olivier Gilg
- UMR 6249 Chrono‐environnement Université de Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Besançon France
- Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique Francheville France
| | - Jacob González‐Solís
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Dept. de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | - David Grémillet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC) UMR 7372 CNRS‐La Rochelle Université Villiers‐en‐bois France
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Rondebosch South Africa
| | | | | | | | - April Hedd
- Wildlife Research Division Environment and Climate Change Mount Pearl NL Canada
| | - Nicholas Per Huffeldt
- Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources Nuuk Greenland
| | - Mark Jessopp
- School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute University College Cork Ireland
| | | | - Johannes Krietsch
- Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Ecology and Evolution Jena Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Seewiesen Germany
| | - Johannes Lang
- Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique Francheville France
- Justus‐Liebig‐University Giessen, Clinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish Working Group for Wildlife Research Giessen Germany
| | | | | | - Jeremy Madeiros
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of Bermuda Paget Bermuda
| | | | | | | | - Flemming R. Merkel
- Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark
- Greenland Institute of Natural Resources Nuuk Greenland
| | - Teresa Militão
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Dept. de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Børge Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Trondheim Norway
| | | | - Virginia Morera‐Pujol
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Dept. de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Anders Mosbech
- Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark
| | - Verónica Neves
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, IMAR & Okeanos Horta Portugal
| | | | - Bergur Olsen
- Faroe Marine Research Institute Tórshavn Faroe Islands
| | - Vitor H. Paiva
- University of Coimbra, MARE‐Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Dep. Life Sciences Coimbra Portugal
| | - Hans‐Ulrich Peter
- Friedrich Schiller University, Institute of Ecology and Evolution Jena Germany
| | | | | | | | - Jaime A. Ramos
- University of Coimbra, MARE‐Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Dep. Life Sciences Coimbra Portugal
| | - Raül Ramos
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Dept. de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Robert A. Ronconi
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada Dartmouth NS Canada
| | - Peter G. Ryan
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology Rondebosch South Africa
| | | | | | - Benoît Sittler
- Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique Francheville France
- University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul Thompson
- Lighthouse Field Station, School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Cromarty U.K
| | - Thorkell L. Thórarinsson
- Northeast Iceland Nature Research Centre Húsavík Iceland
- Icelandic Institute of Natural History Garðabær Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Maria P. Dias
- BirdLife International Cambridge U.K
- MARE ‐ Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ISPA ‐ Instituto Universitário Lisbon Portugal
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Henriques M, Granadeiro JP, Piersma T, Leão S, Pontes S, Catry T. Assessing the contribution of mangrove carbon and of other basal sources to intertidal flats adjacent to one of the largest West African mangrove forests. Mar Environ Res 2021; 169:105331. [PMID: 33878552 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove forests are productive habitats and major potential exporters of organic matter and nutrients to adjacent habitats. Here we examine the extent to which mangrove carbon is transferred to adjacent intertidal food webs in the second largest mangrove-covered area in Africa, in Guinea-Bissau. Applying stable isotope analysis and mixing models, we made comparisons at two spatial scales: (1) a large scale, comparing intertidal flats with (mangrove sites) and without (control sites) adjacent mangrove forests regarding the carbon isotopic signature of macrozoobenthos and sediment organic matter (SOM), and the relative importance of potential primary food sources in sustaining macrozoobenthos, and (2) a fine scale, performing stable carbon isotope measurements along 200 m transects from the coastline out to open intertidal flats, to trace mangrove carbon in macrozoobenthos and in the SOM. We found no evidence that mangrove carbon sustains intertidal food webs, despite SOM being significantly more depleted in 13C in mangrove sites. Mangrove leaves had the lowest relative contribution to the diet of macrozoobenthos, while macroalgae, benthic microalgae and POM showed variable but overall relevant contributions. Yet, at a smaller scale, mangrove carbon was detectable in SOM and in most macrozoobenthos, being strongest within 50 m of the mangrove edge and quickly fading with increasing distance. Our results suggest that there is only a marginal input of mangrove carbon into the food webs of unvegetated intertidal flats. Still, this leaves open the possibility of mangrove forests acting as sources of dissolved inorganic carbon and processed nitrogen, which can be assimilated by the algae and subsequently fuel adjacent food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Henriques
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Theunis Piersma
- Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, the Netherlands; NIOZ - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Coastal Systems, the Netherlands
| | - Seco Leão
- Village of Menegue, Island of Canhabaque, Bijagos archipelago, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Samuel Pontes
- Instituto da Biodiversidade e Áreas Protegidas Dr. Alfredo Simão da Silva - IBAP, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Furtado R, Granadeiro JP, Gatt MC, Rounds R, Horikoshi K, Paiva VH, Menezes D, Pereira E, Catry P. Monitoring of mercury in the mesopelagic domain of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans using body feathers of Bulwer's petrel as a bioindicator. Sci Total Environ 2021; 775:145796. [PMID: 33618310 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global mercury pollution has markedly and consistently grown over the past 70 years (although with regional variations in trends) and is a source of major concern. Mercury contamination is particularly prevalent in biota of the mesopelagic layers of the open ocean, but these realms are little studied, and we lack a large scale picture of contamination in living organisms of this region. The Bulwer's petrel Bulweria bulwerii, a species of migratory seabird, is a highly specialised predator of mesopelagic fish and squid, and therefore can be used as a bioindicator for the mesopelagic domain. Mercury accumulated by the birds through diet is excreted into feathers during the moulting process in adults and feather growth in chicks, reflecting contamination in the non-breeding and breeding periods, respectively, and hence the influence of different, largely non-overlapping breeding and non-breeding ranges. We studied mercury in feathers and the trophic position in two colonies from the Atlantic Ocean (Portugal and Cape Verde) and two colonies from the Pacific Ocean (Japan and Hawaii). We found significantly lower levels of mercury in adult and chick samples from the Pacific Ocean compared with samples from the Atlantic Ocean. However, we did not detect differences in trophic position of chicks among colonies and oceans, suggesting that differences in mercury measured in feathers reflect levels of environmental contamination, rather than differences in the structure of the trophic chain in different oceans. We conclude that despite a reduction in mercury levels in the Atlantic in recent decades, mesopelagic organisms in this ocean remain more heavily contaminated than in the Pacific at tropical and subtropical latitudes. We suggest that Bulwer's petrel is a highly suitable species to monitor the global contamination of mercury in the mesopelagic domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Furtado
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marie Claire Gatt
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rachel Rounds
- Pacific Islands Refuges and Monuments Office Inventory and Monitoring Program U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Honolulu, HI 808-792-9559, United States of America
| | - Kazuo Horikoshi
- Institute of Boninology Chichijima, Ogasawara-mura, Tokyo 100-2101, Japan
| | - Vítor H Paiva
- Universidade de Coimbra, MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Dilia Menezes
- Instituto das Florestas e Conservação da Natureza, IP-RAM, 9064-512 Funchal, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM/REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
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19
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Beal M, Dias MP, Phillips RA, Oppel S, Hazin C, Pearmain EJ, Adams J, Anderson DJ, Antolos M, Arata JA, Arcos JM, Arnould JPY, Awkerman J, Bell E, Bell M, Carey M, Carle R, Clay TA, Cleeland J, Colodro V, Conners M, Cruz-Flores M, Cuthbert R, Delord K, Deppe L, Dilley BJ, Dinis H, Elliott G, De Felipe F, Felis J, Forero MG, Freeman A, Fukuda A, González-Solís J, Granadeiro JP, Hedd A, Hodum P, Igual JM, Jaeger A, Landers TJ, Le Corre M, Makhado A, Metzger B, Militão T, Montevecchi WA, Morera-Pujol V, Navarro-Herrero L, Nel D, Nicholls D, Oro D, Ouni R, Ozaki K, Quintana F, Ramos R, Reid T, Reyes-González JM, Robertson C, Robertson G, Romdhane MS, Ryan PG, Sagar P, Sato F, Schoombie S, Scofield RP, Shaffer SA, Shah NJ, Stevens KL, Surman C, Suryan RM, Takahashi A, Tatayah V, Taylor G, Thompson DR, Torres L, Walker K, Wanless R, Waugh SM, Weimerskirch H, Yamamoto T, Zajkova Z, Zango L, Catry P. Global political responsibility for the conservation of albatrosses and large petrels. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/10/eabd7225. [PMID: 33658194 PMCID: PMC7929510 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters. We quantified the links among national populations of these threatened seabirds and the regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) which regulate fishing in the high seas. This work makes explicit the relative responsibilities that each country and RFMO has for the management of shared biodiversity, providing invaluable information for the conservation and management of migratory species in the marine realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Beal
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal.
- BirdLife International, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Maria P Dias
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal
- BirdLife International, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Richard A Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Steffen Oppel
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Carolina Hazin
- BirdLife International, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Elizabeth J Pearmain
- BirdLife International, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Josh Adams
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Santa Cruz Field Station, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - David J Anderson
- Department of Biology, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA
| | - Michelle Antolos
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Javier A Arata
- Independent researcher, 204-100 Coe Hill Dr, Toronto, ON M6S 3E1, Canada
| | - José Manuel Arcos
- SEO/BirdLife, Marine Programme, C/Murcia 2-8, local 13, 08026 Barcelona, Spain
| | - John P Y Arnould
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia
| | - Jill Awkerman
- Gulf Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA
| | - Elizabeth Bell
- Wildlife Management International Limited, P.O. Box 607, Blenheim 7240, New Zealand
| | - Mike Bell
- Wildlife Management International Limited, P.O. Box 607, Blenheim 7240, New Zealand
| | - Mark Carey
- Department of Environmental Management and Ecology, La Trobe University Albury-Wodonga Campus, Wodonga, VIC 3689, Australia
| | - Ryan Carle
- Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge, Yerbas Buenas 498, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Thomas A Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jaimie Cleeland
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | | | - Melinda Conners
- Department of Ocean Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Marta Cruz-Flores
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Richard Cuthbert
- World Land Trust, Blyth House, Bridge Street, Halesworth, Suffolk IP19 8AB, UK
| | - Karine Delord
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Lorna Deppe
- The Hutton's Shearwater Charitable Trust, 100 Watsons Road, Blenheim 7273, New Zealand
| | - Ben J Dilley
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | | | - Graeme Elliott
- Department of Conservation, Private Bag 5, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Fernanda De Felipe
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Jonathan Felis
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Santa Cruz Field Station, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, USA
| | - Manuela G Forero
- Department of Conservation Biology, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (EBD-CSIC), Avenida de Américo Vespucio, 26 Isla de la Cartuja 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amanda Freeman
- Nature North, P.O. Box 1536, Atherton, QLD 4883, Australia
| | - Akira Fukuda
- Shizuoka University, Johoku 3-5-1, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Jacob González-Solís
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Ernesto Vasconcelos, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - April Hedd
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Wildlife Research Division, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, NL A1N 4T3, Canada
| | - Peter Hodum
- Oikonos Ecosystem Knowledge, Yerbas Buenas 498, Valparaíso, Chile
- Biology Department, University of Puget Sound, 1500 N. Warner St., Tacoma, WA 98416, USA
| | - José Manuel Igual
- Animal Demography and Ecology Unit, Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA, CSIC-UIB), Miquel Marques 21, 07190 Esporles, Balears, Spain
| | - Audrey Jaeger
- UMR ENTROPIE (Université de La Réunion, IRD, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Nouvelle-Calédonie) Université de La Réunion, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS92003, 97744 Saint Denis messag cedex 9, La Réunion, France
| | - Todd J Landers
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Auckland Museum, The Domain, Parnell, Auckland 1052, New Zealand
- Auckland Council, Private Bag 92300, Victoria Street West, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Matthieu Le Corre
- UMR ENTROPIE (Université de La Réunion, IRD, CNRS, IFREMER, Université de Nouvelle-Calédonie) Université de La Réunion, Université de La Réunion, 15 Avenue René Cassin, CS92003, 97744 Saint Denis messag cedex 9, La Réunion, France
| | - Azwianewi Makhado
- Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Benjamin Metzger
- BirdLife Malta, 57/28 Marina Court, Abate Rigord Street, Ta' Xbiex, XBX 1120, Malta
| | - Teresa Militão
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | - Virginia Morera-Pujol
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Leia Navarro-Herrero
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Deon Nel
- WWF-Netherlands, Driebergseweg 10, 3708 JB Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - David Nicholls
- Chisholm Institute, Bonbeach Campus, Breeze Street, Carmm, VIC 3197, Australia
| | - Daniel Oro
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes CEAB (CSIC), Acces Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Ridha Ouni
- Tunisian Wildlife Conservation Society. Faculté des Sciences Mathématique, physique et biologiques de Tunis (FST), Campus Universitaire, El Manar, CP 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Kiyoaki Ozaki
- Division of Avian Conservation, Yamashina Institute for Ornithology, 115 Konoyama, Abiko, Chiba 270-11, Japan
| | - Flavio Quintana
- Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos (IBIOMAR), National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET), Bv. Almte Brown 2915, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | - Raül Ramos
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Tim Reid
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Commonwealth Science and Industrial Research Organization, CSIRO, Castray Esplanade, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia
| | - José Manuel Reyes-González
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | | | - Graham Robertson
- Independent researcher, 9 Roba Court, Kingston, Tasmania 7050, Australia
| | - Mohamed Salah Romdhane
- Université de Carthage Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, 43 Avenue Charles Nicole, 1082 Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Peter G Ryan
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Paul Sagar
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., 10 Kyle Street, Riccarton, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand
| | - Fumio Sato
- Division of Avian Conservation, Yamashina Institute for Ornithology, 115 Konoyama, Abiko, Chiba 270-11, Japan
| | - Stefan Schoombie
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - R Paul Scofield
- Canterbury Museum, Rolleston Avenue, Christchurch 8053, New Zealand
| | - Scott A Shaffer
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA 95192-0100, USA
| | - Nirmal Jivan Shah
- Nature Seychelles Centre for Environment and Education, Sanctuary at Roche Caiman, Mahe, Seychelles
| | - Kim L Stevens
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | | | - Robert M Suryan
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - Akinori Takahashi
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Vikash Tatayah
- Mauritian Wildlife Foundation, Grannum Road, Vacoas, Mauritius
| | - Graeme Taylor
- Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 10420, Wellington 6143, New Zealand
| | - David R Thompson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd., 301 Evans Bay Parade, Hataitai, Wellington 6021, New Zealand
| | - Leigh Torres
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Newport, OR 97365, USA
| | - Kath Walker
- Department of Conservation, Private Bag 5, Nelson, New Zealand
| | - Ross Wanless
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Marine Affairs and Resources Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Susan M Waugh
- Office of the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Environment, 2 The Terrace, Wellington 6011, New Zealand
| | - Henri Weimerskirch
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS La Rochelle Université, 79360 Villiers en Bois, France
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Meiji Institute for Advanced Study of Mathematical Sciences, Nakano, Tokyo 164-8525, Japan
| | - Zuzana Zajkova
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Laura Zango
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio) and Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals (BEECA), Universitat de Barcelona, Av Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal
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Romero J, Catry P, Alonso H, Granadeiro JP. Seabird diet analysis suggests sudden shift in the pelagic communities of the subtropical Northeast Atlantic. Mar Environ Res 2021; 165:105232. [PMID: 33360626 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of the subtropical pelagic ecosystems of the Northeast Atlantic are still poorly known due to the high costs associated with sampling large oceanic areas. Top predators can be used as alternative low-cost samplers and indicators of the temporal variability of such systems. To study the variation in the composition of pelagic species through time in the broad Canary current region, we analysed foraging trips and regurgitations of Cory's shearwaters Calonectris borealis nesting on Selvagens islands, in 2008-2011 and 2016-2018. Fisheries data, oceanographic variables and the North Atlantic Oscillation were explored as possible explanatory variables for trends in behaviour and diet. Cory's shearwaters' diet, complemented by fisheries data, revealed marked changes in the composition of the pelagic fish communities. In 2016 there was a peak in the abundance of the Atlantic chub mackerel Scomber colias, followed by an explosive increase in the abundance of the Longspine snipefish Macroramphosus scolopax in 2017 and 2018, as deduced from the diet composition of the Cory's shearwater, and supported by fisheries data, in the broad oceanic area surrounding the Selvagens islands. Oceanographic variables did not show fluctuations correlated with these marked shifts in pelagic fish availability, the causes of which remain largely unknown. This study highlights the importance of the Atlantic chub mackerel and of the Longspine snipefish in the Madeira/Canary region and exemplifies the efficiency of avian predators in revealing rapid changes in pelagic communities of oceanic domains. Such trends and variations need to be better monitored and understood to measure the impact of ongoing global changes and to sustainably manage the marine environment and resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Romero
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hany Alonso
- SPEA, Portuguese Society for the Study of Birds, Avenida Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 87, 1070-062, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
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21
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Gatt MC, Furtado R, Granadeiro JP, Lopes D, Pereira E, Catry P. Untangling causes of variation in mercury concentration between flight feathers. Environ Pollut 2021; 269:116105. [PMID: 33234371 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bird feathers are one of the most widely used animal tissue in mercury biomonitoring, owing to the ease of collection and storage. They are also the principal excretory pathway of mercury in birds. However, limitations in our understanding of the physiology of mercury deposition in feathers has placed doubt on the interpretation of feather mercury concentratoins. Throughout the literature, moult sequence and the depletion of the body mercury pool have been taken to explain patterns such as the decrease in feather mercury from the innermost (P1) to the outermost primary feather (P10) of the wing. However, it has been suggested that this pattern is rather a measurement artefact as a result of the increased feather mass to length ratio along the primaries, resulting in a dilution effect in heavier feathers. Here, we attempt to untangle the causes of variation in feather mercury concentrations by quantifying the mercury concentration as μg of mercury (i) per gram of feather, (ii) per millimetre of feather, and (iii) per day of feather growth in the primary feathers of Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii chicks, effectively controlling for some of the axes of variation that may be acting in adults, and monitoring the growth rate of primary feathers in chicks. The mercury concentration in Bulwer's Petrel chicks' primaries increased from the innermost to the outermost primary for all three concentration measures, following the order of feather emergence. These observations confirm that the pattern of mercury concentration across primary feathers is not an artefact of the measure of concentration, but is likely an effect of the order of feather growth, whereby the earlier grown feathers are exposed to higher blood mercury concentrations than are later moulted feathers as a result of blood mercury depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claire Gatt
- Centro de Estudos Do Ambiente e Do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Furtado
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim Do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos Do Ambiente e Do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniel Lopes
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim Do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (LAQV-REQUIMTE), Departmento de Quimica, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim Do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
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22
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Furtado R, Granadeiro JP, Campioni L, Silva M, Pereira E, Catry P. Trace elements' reference levels in blood of breeding black-browed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris from the Falkland Islands. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:39265-39273. [PMID: 32648215 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09928-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements' concentration in the ocean is fast growing and is a source of major concern. Being charismatic and at the top of food chains, seabirds are often used as biological monitors of contaminants. We studied the concentration of trace elements in blood of black-browed albatross from the Falklands Islands, which we here show, by tracking with geolocators, forage over most of the Patagonian Shelf. Levels of trace elements were measured in males and females from two different islands. Blood concentrations of trace elements were not significantly different between islands, which is consistent with observations from foraging behavior revealing that birds from both islands foraged in broadly the same areas in the months before sampling. Arsenic and selenium concentrations in females were higher than in males. Sex-related differences in the concentration of these elements may be related to unknown slight differences in diet or to differences in assimilation between sexes. These results provide reference values for monitoring elemental contamination in the Patagonian Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem using black-browed albatrosses, one of the most abundant top predators and a suitable sentinel for the region's environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Furtado
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Letizia Campioni
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mónica Silva
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry and CESAM/REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA, Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
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23
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Gatt MC, Reis B, Granadeiro JP, Pereira E, Catry P. Generalist seabirds as biomonitors of ocean mercury: The importance of accurate trophic position assignment. Sci Total Environ 2020; 740:140159. [PMID: 32563885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring mercury concentration in the marine environment is pivotal due to the risks that mercury intake poses to the ecosystem and human health. It is therefore of interest to make reliable, comparative measurements over large geographic areas. Here, the utility of wide-ranging generalist seabirds as mercury biomonitors at an ocean basin scale was assessed, using the Cory's Shearwater as a model species. The mercury concentration in flight feathers moulted at distant non-breeding areas of geolocator-tracked birds was quantified, reflecting contamination in various geographic areas. Compound-specific isotope analysis of amino acids was used to obtain comparable trophic positionestimates controlled for baseline isoscape. Birds that remained resident in the Canary Current integrated less mercury into their feathers than those that migrated to either the Benguela or Agulhas currents. Residents also occupied a significantly lower trophic position during the non-breeding season than migrants, largely explaining the difference in mercury exposure. Both mercury concentration and trophic position were similar in individuals spending the non-breeding period in the Benguela and Agulhas currents. This paper highlights the importance of accurate trophic position calculation in order to understand mercury exposure in wide-ranging predators and for meaningful spatial comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claire Gatt
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Bianca Reis
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departmento de Quimica, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departmento de Quimica, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal.
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24
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Gatt MC, Versteegh M, Bauch C, Tieleman BI, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Costs of reproduction and migration are paid in later return to the colony, not in physical condition, in a long-lived seabird. Oecologia 2020; 195:287-297. [PMID: 33040163 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Life history theory suggests a trade-off between costly activities such as breeding and migration and somatic self-maintenance. However, how the short-term cost of parental effort is expressed in species with a slow pace-of-life is not well understood. Also, investigating carry-over effects of migration is most meaningful when comparing migratory strategies within the same population, but this has rarely been done. We explore this hypothesis in a long-lived, pelagic seabird, the Cory's Shearwater, Calonectris borealis, where males display partial migration. By manipulating reproductive effort and taking advantage of the natural variation in migratory strategy, we investigate whether early reproductive failure and migratory strategy had implications on the physical condition of males on return to the colony the following year. We experimentally induced breeding failure from mid-incubation, tracked the over-winter movements of these males and of males that invested in parental effort, and assessed innate immunity, stress, and residual body mass the following year. Early breeding failure resulted in earlier return to the colony among all males, associated with greater probability of reproductive success. Residents had a lower tail feather fault bar intensity, an indicator of stress during the non-breeding period, compared to migrants. Reproductive effort and migratory strategy had no impact on physiological condition otherwise. Our results provide evidence that in species with a slow-pace of life, such as the Cory's Shearwater, somatic maintenance is prioritised, with the costs of reproduction and migration paid in delayed arrival date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claire Gatt
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maaike Versteegh
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christina Bauch
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Irene Tieleman
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
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25
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Bauch C, Gatt MC, Granadeiro JP, Verhulst S, Catry P. Sex-specific telomere length and dynamics in relation to age and reproductive success in Cory's shearwaters. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1344-1357. [PMID: 32141666 PMCID: PMC7216837 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Individuals in free‐living animal populations generally differ substantially in reproductive success, lifespan and other fitness‐related traits, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this variation are poorly understood. Telomere length and dynamics are candidate traits explaining this variation, as long telomeres predict a higher survival probability and telomere loss has been shown to reflect experienced “life stress.” However, telomere dynamics among very long‐lived species are unresolved. Additionally, it is generally not well understood how telomeres relate to reproductive success or sex. We measured telomere length and dynamics in erythrocytes to assess their relationship to age, sex and reproduction in Cory's shearwaters (Calonectris borealis), a long‐lived seabird, in the context of a long‐term study. Adult males had on average 231 bp longer telomeres than females, independent of age. In females, telomere length changed relatively little with age, whereas male telomere length declined significantly. Telomere shortening within males from one year to the next was three times higher than the interannual shortening rate based on cross‐sectional data of males. Past long‐term reproductive success was sex‐specifically reflected in age‐corrected telomere length: males with on average high fledgling production were characterized by shorter telomeres, whereas successful females had longer telomeres, and we discuss hypotheses that may explain this contrast. In conclusion, telomere length and dynamics in relation to age and reproduction are sex‐dependent in Cory's shearwaters and these findings contribute to our understanding of what characterises individual variation in fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bauch
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal.,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Claire Gatt
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
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26
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Carneiro APB, Pearmain EJ, Oppel S, Clay TA, Phillips RA, Bonnet‐Lebrun A, Wanless RM, Abraham E, Richard Y, Rice J, Handley J, Davies TE, Dilley BJ, Ryan PG, Small C, Arata J, Arnould JPY, Bell E, Bugoni L, Campioni L, Catry P, Cleeland J, Deppe L, Elliott G, Freeman A, González‐Solís J, Granadeiro JP, Grémillet D, Landers TJ, Makhado A, Nel D, Nicholls DG, Rexer‐Huber K, Robertson CJR, Sagar PM, Scofield P, Stahl J, Stanworth A, Stevens KL, Trathan PN, Thompson DR, Torres L, Walker K, Waugh SM, Weimerskirch H, Dias MP. A framework for mapping the distribution of seabirds by integrating tracking, demography and phenology. J Appl Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas A. Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | | | | | - Ross M. Wanless
- Institute of Marine Affairs and Resources Management National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung Taiwan
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | | | | | - Joel Rice
- Rice Marine Analytics Saint Paul MN USA
| | | | | | - Ben J. Dilley
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Peter G. Ryan
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Cleo Small
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds Sandy UK
| | - Javier Arata
- Centro FONDAP de Investigacion en Dinamica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes Valdivia Chile
| | - John P. Y. Arnould
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Deakin University Burwood Vic. Australia
| | - Elizabeth Bell
- Wildlife Management International Ltd. Blenheim New Zealand
| | - Leandro Bugoni
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande‐FURG Rio Grande Brazil
| | - Letizia Campioni
- MARE‐Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ISPA‐Instituto Universitario Lisbon Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE‐Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ISPA‐Instituto Universitario Lisbon Portugal
| | | | - Lorna Deppe
- The Hutton's Shearwater Charitable Trust Kaikoura New Zealand
| | | | | | - Jacob González‐Solís
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | - David Grémillet
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
- CEFE CNRS Université de MontpellierUniversité Paul‐Valéry MontpellierEPHE Montpellier France
| | - Todd J. Landers
- Auckland Council, Research and Evaluation Unit (RIMU) Auckland New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Azwianewi Makhado
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
- Department of Environmental Affairs Oceans & Coasts Branch South Africa
| | - Deon Nel
- Global Resilience Partnership Stockholm Resilience Centre Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Paul M. Sagar
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - Kim L. Stevens
- FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology DST/NRF Centre of Excellence University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa
| | - Philip N. Trathan
- British Antarctic Survey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge UK
| | - David R. Thompson
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Leigh Torres
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Newport OR USA
| | | | - Susan M. Waugh
- Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa Wellington New Zealand
| | | | - Maria P. Dias
- BirdLife International Cambridge UK
- MARE‐Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre ISPA‐Instituto Universitario Lisbon Portugal
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27
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Ventura F, Granadeiro JP, Padget O, Catry P. Gadfly petrels use knowledge of the windscape, not memorized foraging patches, to optimize foraging trips on ocean-wide scales. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20191775. [PMID: 31937218 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Seabirds must often travel vast distances to exploit heterogeneously distributed oceanic resources, but how routes and destinations of foraging trips are optimized remains poorly understood. Among the seabirds, gadfly petrels (Pterodroma spp.) are supremely adapted for making efficient use of wind energy in dynamic soaring flight. We used GPS tracking data to investigate the role of wind in the flight behaviour and foraging strategy of the Desertas petrel, Pterodroma deserta. We found that rather than visiting foraging hotspots, Desertas petrels maximize prey encounter by covering some of the longest distances known in any animal in a single foraging trip (up to 12 000 km) over deep, pelagic waters. Petrels flew with consistent crosswind (relative wind angle 60°), close to that which maximizes their groundspeed. By combining state-space modelling with a series of comparisons to simulated foraging trips (reshuffled-random, rotated, time-shifted, reversed), we show that this resulted in trajectories that were close to the fastest possible, given the location and time. This wind use is thus consistent both with birds using current winds to fine-tune their routes and, impressively, with an a priori knowledge of predictable regional-scale wind regimes, facilitating efficient flight over great distances before returning to the home colony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ventura
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Oliver Padget
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA - Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
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28
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Gutiérrez JS, Granadeiro JP, Belo J, Correia E, Henriques M, Moniz F, Paulino J, Tomás A, Catry T. Sunning in extreme heat by the critically endangered hooded vulture: a strategy to fight ectoparasites? Ecology 2019; 101:e02948. [PMID: 31838749 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge S Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.,Conservation Biology Research Group, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006, Badajoz, Spain
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Belo
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Edna Correia
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mohamed Henriques
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipe Moniz
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Paulino
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - André Tomás
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Catry
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, CESAM, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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29
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Furtado R, Pereira ME, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Body feather mercury and arsenic concentrations in five species of seabirds from the Falkland Islands. Mar Pollut Bull 2019; 149:110574. [PMID: 31546110 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Several pollutants, including heavy metals, magnify along the food chain, and top predators such as seabirds can be used to monitor their trends in the marine environment. We studied mercury and arsenic contamination in body feathers in penguins, petrels and cormorants in three islands of the Falklands Islands. There were significant differences among species and sites in the concentration of trace elements in feathers. Black-browed albatrosses and gentoo penguins had consistently high mercury concentrations on New Island, while Rockhopper penguins and imperial shags presented considerably higher concentrations at Beauchene Island. Mercury levels in black-browed albatrosses increased since 1986 on one of the islands, probably reflecting world-wide emission trends. Rockhopper penguins exhibited high arsenic levels, but levels were less variable among species, and were not correlated with mercury levels, suggesting low biomagnification. These results provide a reference line for bioindication studies using feathers from species on the Falkland Islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Furtado
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maria Eduarda Pereira
- CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies/REQUINTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal.
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30
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Dunn DC, Harrison AL, Curtice C, DeLand S, Donnelly B, Fujioka E, Heywood E, Kot CY, Poulin S, Whitten M, Åkesson S, Alberini A, Appeltans W, Arcos JM, Bailey H, Ballance LT, Block B, Blondin H, Boustany AM, Brenner J, Catry P, Cejudo D, Cleary J, Corkeron P, Costa DP, Coyne M, Crespo GO, Davies TE, Dias MP, Douvere F, Ferretti F, Formia A, Freestone D, Friedlaender AS, Frisch-Nwakanma H, Froján CB, Gjerde KM, Glowka L, Godley BJ, Gonzalez-Solis J, Granadeiro JP, Gunn V, Hashimoto Y, Hawkes LM, Hays GC, Hazin C, Jimenez J, Johnson DE, Luschi P, Maxwell SM, McClellan C, Modest M, Notarbartolo di Sciara G, Palacio AH, Palacios DM, Pauly A, Rayner M, Rees AF, Salazar ER, Secor D, Sequeira AMM, Spalding M, Spina F, Van Parijs S, Wallace B, Varo-Cruz N, Virtue M, Weimerskirch H, Wilson L, Woodward B, Halpin PN. The importance of migratory connectivity for global ocean policy. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191472. [PMID: 31551061 PMCID: PMC6784718 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The distributions of migratory species in the ocean span local, national and international jurisdictions. Across these ecologically interconnected regions, migratory marine species interact with anthropogenic stressors throughout their lives. Migratory connectivity, the geographical linking of individuals and populations throughout their migratory cycles, influences how spatial and temporal dynamics of stressors affect migratory animals and scale up to influence population abundance, distribution and species persistence. Population declines of many migratory marine species have led to calls for connectivity knowledge, especially insights from animal tracking studies, to be more systematically and synthetically incorporated into decision-making. Inclusion of migratory connectivity in the design of conservation and management measures is critical to ensure they are appropriate for the level of risk associated with various degrees of connectivity. Three mechanisms exist to incorporate migratory connectivity into international marine policy which guides conservation implementation: site-selection criteria, network design criteria and policy recommendations. Here, we review the concept of migratory connectivity and its use in international policy, and describe the Migratory Connectivity in the Ocean system, a migratory connectivity evidence-base for the ocean. We propose that without such collaboration focused on migratory connectivity, efforts to effectively conserve these critical species across jurisdictions will have limited effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Dunn
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, Level 5, Goddard Building (#8), St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Autumn-Lynn Harrison
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Corrie Curtice
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah DeLand
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ben Donnelly
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ei Fujioka
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eleanor Heywood
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Connie Y Kot
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sarah Poulin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Meredith Whitten
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Susanne Åkesson
- Department of Biology, Center for Animal Movement Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Amalia Alberini
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ward Appeltans
- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO, IOC Project Office for IODE, Oostende, Belgium
| | | | - Helen Bailey
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD, USA
| | - Lisa T Ballance
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Barbara Block
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | - Hannah Blondin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Paulo Catry
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA Instituto Universitário, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniel Cejudo
- Biology Department of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Jesse Cleary
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Peter Corkeron
- Protected Species Branch, NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Michael Coyne
- seaturtle.org, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Ferretti
- Hopkins Marine Station of Stanford University, Pacific Grove, CA, USA.,Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Angela Formia
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, USA; Bata, Equatorial Guinea and Libreville, Gabon
| | | | - Ari S Friedlaender
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - Heidrun Frisch-Nwakanma
- Secretariat of the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Bonn, Germany and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kristina M Gjerde
- IUCN Global Marine and Polar Programme and World Commission on Protected Areas, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Lyle Glowka
- Secretariat of the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Bonn, Germany and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Brendan J Godley
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK
| | | | | | - Vikki Gunn
- GOBI Secretariat, Seascape Consultants Ltd, Romsey, UK
| | - Yuriko Hashimoto
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lucy M Hawkes
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK
| | - Graeme C Hays
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Sara M Maxwell
- School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, Bothell Campus, Bothell, WA, USA
| | | | - Michelle Modest
- Dept of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel M Palacios
- Marine Mammal Institute and Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Newport, OR, USA
| | - Andrea Pauly
- Secretariat of the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Bonn, Germany and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Matt Rayner
- Auckland War Memorial Museum, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Alan F Rees
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK
| | - Erick Ross Salazar
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, USA; Bata, Equatorial Guinea and Libreville, Gabon
| | - David Secor
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, MD, USA
| | - Ana M M Sequeira
- UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, Indian Ocean Marine Research Centre, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | | | - Fernando Spina
- ISPRA-Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - Sofie Van Parijs
- Protected Species Branch, NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Center, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Bryan Wallace
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Ecolibrium, Inc, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Nuria Varo-Cruz
- Biology Department of the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Melanie Virtue
- Secretariat of the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals, Bonn, Germany and Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Laurie Wilson
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bill Woodward
- U.S. Animal Telemetry Network, NOAA/IOOS, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Patrick N Halpin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Ponchon A, Cornulier T, Hedd A, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Effect of breeding performance on the distribution and activity budgets of a predominantly resident population of black-browed albatrosses. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:8702-8713. [PMID: 31410273 PMCID: PMC6686306 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelagic seabirds breeding at high latitudes generally split their annual cycle between reproduction, migration, and wintering. During the breeding season, they are constrained in their foraging range due to reproduction while during winter months, and they often undertake long-distance migrations. Black-browed albatrosses (Thalassarche melanophris) nesting in the Falkland archipelago remain within 700 km from their breeding colonies all year-round and can therefore be considered as resident. Accordingly, at-sea activity patterns are expected to be adjusted to the absence of migration. Likewise, breeding performance is expected to affect foraging, flying, and floating activities, as failed individuals are relieved from reproduction earlier than successful ones. Using geolocators coupled with a saltwater immersion sensor, we detailed the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of at-sea activity budgets of successful and failed breeding black-browed albatrosses nesting in New Island, Falklands archipelago, over the breeding and subsequent nonbreeding season. The 90% monthly kernel distribution of failed and successful breeders suggested no spatial segregation. Both groups followed the same dynamics of foraging effort both during daylight and darkness all year, except during chick-rearing, when successful breeders foraged more intensively. Failed and successful breeders started decreasing flying activities during daylight at the same time, 2-3 weeks after hatching period, but failed breeders reached their maximum floating activity during late chick-rearing, 2 months before successful breeders. Moon cycle had a significant effect on activity budgets during darkness, with individuals generally more active during full moon. Our results highlight that successful breeders buffer potential reproductive costs during the nonbreeding season, and this provides a better understanding of how individuals adjust their spatial distribution and activity budgets according to their breeding performance in absence of migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Ponchon
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreISPA – Insituto UniversitárioLisboaPortugal
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | | | - April Hedd
- Psychology DepartmentMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John'sNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaMount PearlNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de CiênciasCESAM, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreISPA – Insituto UniversitárioLisboaPortugal
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Campioni L, Dias MP, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. An ontogenetic perspective on migratory strategy of a long‐lived pelagic seabird: Timings and destinations change progressively during maturation. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:29-43. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Campioni
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Center ISPA – Instituto Universitário Lisboa Portugal
| | - Maria Peixe Dias
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Center ISPA – Instituto Universitário Lisboa Portugal
- Birdlife International Cambridge UK
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, CESAM Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Center ISPA – Instituto Universitário Lisboa Portugal
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33
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Lourenço PM, Henriques M, Catry I, Granadeiro JP, Catry T. First record of the invasive Asian date mussel Arcuatula senhousia (Benson, 1842) (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mytilidae) in West Africa. J NAT HIST 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1545058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Miguel Lourenço
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mohamed Henriques
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Catry
- CEABN/InBIO – Centro de Ecologia Aplicada ‘Professor Baeta Neves’, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Teresa Catry
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Carvalho L, Figueira P, Monteiro R, Reis AT, Almeida J, Catry T, Lourenço PM, Catry P, Barbosa C, Catry I, Pereira E, Granadeiro JP, Vale C. Major, minor, trace and rare earth elements in sediments of the Bijagós archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 129:829-834. [PMID: 29079301 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sixty sediment samples from four sites in the Bijagós archipelago were characterized for fine fraction, loss on ignition, major, minor and trace elemental composition (Al, Fe, Ca, Mg, Ti, P, Zr, Mn, Cr, Sr, Ba, B, V, Li, Zn, Ni, Pb, As, Co, U, Cu, Cs and Cd), and the elements of the La-Lu series. Element concentrations were largely explained by the Al content and the proportion of fine fraction content, with the exception of Ca and Sr. Sediments showed enhanced Ti, U, Cr, As and Cd concentrations with respect to estimated upper crust values, most likely mirroring a regional signature. Rare earth elements were in deficit relatively to the North American Shale Composite (NASC), mainly in coarser material. No pronounced Ce-anomaly was observed, while Eu-anomalies were positive in most analyzed sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Carvalho
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula Figueira
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CICECO (Aveiro Institute of Materials) and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Rui Monteiro
- CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Reis
- CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Almeida
- CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Teresa Catry
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro Miguel Lourenço
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Castro Barbosa
- Instituto da Biodiversidade e das Áreas Protegidas (IBAP), Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
| | - Inês Catry
- Centro de Ecologia Aplicada "Prof. Baeta Neves", InBio - Rede de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
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Campioni L, Martínez-de la Puente J, Figuerola J, Granadeiro JP, Silva MC, Catry P. Absence of haemosporidian parasite infections in the long-lived Cory’s shearwater: evidence from molecular analyses and review of the literature. Parasitol Res 2017; 117:323-329. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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36
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Catry T, Figueira P, Carvalho L, Monteiro R, Coelho P, Lourenço PM, Catry P, Tchantchalam Q, Catry I, Botelho MJ, Pereira E, Granadeiro JP, Vale C. Evidence for contrasting accumulation pattern of cadmium in relation to other elements in Senilia senilis and Tagelus adansoni from the Bijagós archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:24896-24906. [PMID: 28918583 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9902-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Shellfish harvesting in intertidal areas is a widespread and economically important activity in many countries across West Africa. However, in some areas, there is virtually no information concerning the levels of contaminants (and other elements related to nutritional aspects) in the harvested species. We collected sediments and several individuals of the West African bloody cockle Senilia senilis and of the razor clam Tagelus adansoni during the dry season of 2015 nearby three islands in the Bijagós archipelago, Guinea-Bissau. Aluminium, Ca, Fe, Mg, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn were determined in sediments and whole soft tissues of the two bivalves. Sediments showed uniformly low trace element concentrations, pointing to an ecosystem with low levels of trace element contamination. T. adansoni presented higher concentrations of most elements than S. senilis, with the exception of Cd that showed up to 40 times higher values in S. senilis than in T. adansoni from the same sites. Furthermore, Cd concentrations (25±8.7 mg kg-1, dw) in S. senilis are clearly above the maximum level established for human consumption. Future studies should clarify whether biological factors are the major responsible for this unusual situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Catry
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula Figueira
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
- CICECO (Aveiro Institute of Materials) and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Monteiro
- CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coelho
- CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Miguel Lourenço
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Center, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Inês Catry
- Centro de Ecologia Aplicada "Prof. Baeta Neves", InBio - Rede de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Maria J Botelho
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Central Laboratory of Analysis (LCA), University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM and Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Vale
- Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas, 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
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Campioni L, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Albatrosses prospect before choosing a home: intrinsic and extrinsic sources of variability in visit rates. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Catry P, Campos AR, Granadeiro JP, Neto JM, Ramos J, Newton J, Bearhop S. Provenance does matter: links between winter trophic segregation and the migratory origins of European robins. Oecologia 2016; 182:985-994. [PMID: 27638183 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amongst migratory species, it is common to find individuals from different populations or geographical origins sharing staging or wintering areas. Given their differing life histories, ecological theory would predict that the different groups of individuals should exhibit some level of niche segregation. This has rarely been investigated because of the difficulty in assigning migrating individuals to breeding areas. Here, we start by documenting a broad geographical gradient of hydrogen isotopes (δ 2H) in robin Erithacus rubecula feathers across Europe. We then use δ 2H, as well as wing-tip shape, as surrogates for broad migratory origin of birds wintering in Iberia, to investigate the ecological segregation of populations. Wintering robins of different sexes, ages and body sizes are known to segregate between habitats in Iberia. This has been attributed to the despotic exclusion of inferior competitors from the best patches by dominant individuals. We find no segregation between habitats in relation to δ 2H in feathers, or to wing-tip shape, which suggests that no major asymmetries in competitive ability exist between migrant robins of different origins. Trophic level (inferred from nitrogen isotopes in blood) correlated both with δ 2H in feathers and with wing-tip shape, showing that individuals from different geographic origins display a degree of ecological segregation in shared winter quarters. Isotopic mixing models indicate that wintering birds originating from more northerly populations consume more invertebrates. Our multi-scale study suggests that trophic-niche segregation may result from specializations (arising in the population-specific breeding areas) that are transported by the migrants into the shared wintering grounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Catry
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana R Campos
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Júlio M Neto
- CIBIO/UP, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, MEMEG, Department of Biology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jaime Ramos
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jason Newton
- NERC Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry Facility, SUERC, Rankine Avenue, East Kilbride, Glasgow, G75 0QF, UK.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Stuart Bearhop
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK
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39
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Pérez C, Granadeiro JP, Dias MP, Catry P. Sex and migratory strategy influence corticosterone levels in winter-grown feathers, with positive breeding effects in a migratory pelagic seabird. Oecologia 2016; 181:1025-33. [PMID: 27053322 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To overcome unpredictable stressful transitory events, animals trigger an allostatic response involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex. This hormonal response, which involves the release of glucocorticoids which in turn mediate between the main physiological mechanisms that regulate the energetic demands and resource allocation trade-off with behavioural responses to environmental perturbations and may ultimately lead to variation in fitness. We have used the Cory's shearwater Calonectris borealis, a sexually dimorphic pelagic seabird with a partial migratory strategy, as a model bird species to analyse a number of traits related to the stress response. We investigated whether the activation of a stressful response, mediated by corticosterone, during the wintering period (1) correlated with the previous breeding success, (2) was affected by the migratory behaviour of male birds and (3) had consequences in the fitness of the birds. Corticosterone levels in feathers grown overwinter were analysed in 61 adult birds during three consecutive migratory periods (2009-2012) and in 14 immature birds in the wintering period 2010-2011. Moreover, the levels of corticosterone were analysed in experimental birds which were freed from their reproductive duties and compared with control birds which raised fledglings to the end of the breeding period. The results show that the levels of corticosterone were sex dependent, differed between years and were affected by the migratory strategy performed by the birds. The activation of the stressful response over the wintering period generated residual carry-over effects that positively affected the reproductive output in the subsequent breeding stage, a phenomenon previously undescribed in a long-lived pelagic seabird. Our study provides evidence that the analysis of corticosterone from feathers is a useful tool to evaluate carry-over effects in birds far away from breeding sites, opening new possibilities for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Pérez
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria P Dias
- BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Girton Road, Cambridge, CB3 0NA, UK
| | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
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40
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Campioni L, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Niche segregation between immature and adult seabirds: does progressive maturation play a role? Behav Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arv167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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41
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Ramos R, Granadeiro JP, Nevoux M, Mougin JL, Dias MP, Catry P. Combined spatio-temporal impacts of climate and longline fisheries on the survival of a trans-equatorial marine migrant. PLoS One 2012; 7:e40822. [PMID: 22815833 PMCID: PMC3397926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the impact of human activities and their derivable consequences, such as global warming or direct wildlife mortality, is increasingly relevant in our changing world. Due to their particular life history traits, long-lived migrants are amongst the most endangered and sensitive group of animals to these harming effects. Our ability to identify and quantify such anthropogenic threats in both breeding and wintering grounds is, therefore, of key importance in the field of conservation biology. Using long-term capture-recapture data (34 years, 4557 individuals) and year-round tracking data (4 years, 100 individuals) of a trans-equatorial migrant, the Cory's shearwater (Calonectris diomedea), we investigated the impact of longline fisheries and climatic variables in both breeding and wintering areas on the most important demographic trait of this seabird, i.e. adult survival. Annual adult survival probability was estimated at 0.914±0.022 on average, declining throughout 1978-1999 but recovering during the last decade (2005-2011). Our results suggest that both the incidental bycatch associated with longline fisheries and high sea surface temperatures (indirectly linked to food availability; SST) increased mortality rates during the long breeding season (March-October). Shearwater survival was also negatively affected during the short non-breeding season (December-February) by positive episodes of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). Indirect negative effects of climate at both breeding (SST) and wintering grounds (SOI) had a greater impact on survival than longliner activity, and indeed these climatic factors are those which are expected to present more unfavourable trends in the future. Our work underlines the importance of considering both breeding and wintering habitats as well as precise schedules/phenology when assessing the global role of the local impacts on the dynamics of migratory species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raül Ramos
- Eco-Ethology Research Unit, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Abstract
We examined temporal variation in food delivery to nestling Cory's shearwaters Calonectris diomedea, by repeated periodic weighings during the night. We tested whether the magnitude and frequency of meals were influenced by the condition of chicks. In contrast to previous studies of chick provisioning in petrels and shearwaters, the evidence of feeding derived from chick weight gains was complemented by data provided by an electronic system, which logged the entry of each parent to the nest. Estimates of feed size and visiting frequency obtained from chick weighing alone differed from similar estimates obtained using the automatic logging equipment. The data obtained with the logging system combined with chick weighing also showed that, to some extent, food provisioning was regulated, chicks left in poorer condition being more likely to receive food the next night than those left in better condition. The methods based on chick weight gains alone did not detect this regulation effect. Our findings suggest that resolving parental visits to the nest is crucial to obtain accurate parameter estimates, and to address the problem of regulation of provisioning rates in Procellariiformes. Our results do not support the hypothesis that accumulation of fat is just a by-product of chronic overfeeding arising from stochastic variation in foraging success at sea. Copyright 1999 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
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Granadeiro JP, Nunes M, Silva MC, Furness RW. Flexible foraging strategy of Cory's shearwater, Calonectris diomedea, during the chick-rearing period. Anim Behav 1998; 56:1169-1176. [PMID: 9819333 DOI: 10.1006/anbe.1998.0827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Procellariiformes are well known for their low rates of food provisioning to their slow-growing chicks. In some species, the patterns of food delivery to chicks have been deduced from changes in their weight, obtained from periodic weighings. However, the behaviour of individual parents cannot be resolved using this method. In this study, we used a periodic weighing protocol with Cory's shearwater chicks on Selvagem Grande island, in the northeast Atlantic. In addition, we used an automatic logging system to examine the attendance of individual parents. In 1997, the chicks were fed infrequently, and were in significantly poorer condition, than in other years and at other colonies. This suggests that the adults were experiencing some difficulties in finding an adequate food supply close to the colony. Under these conditions, individual parents adopted a dual provisioning strategy, making both short and long foraging trips, a previously undescribed behaviour in any northern hemisphere petrel species. Although meals delivered to chicks were larger after long trips than after short trips, the average amount of food provisioned per day spent at sea decreased with increasing trip length, and so chicks did not benefit from longer trips. This finding suggests that long trips can be used to restore the adult's body condition, presumably depleted during short trips as shown previously for some petrels and albatrosses. The adoption of this flexible foraging strategy, which differs from the uniform intervals observed in Cory's shearwaters experiencing situations of 'normal' food abundance, may represent a mechanism through which breeding birds compromise between the needs of their chicks and the maintenance of their own body condition. Copyright 1998 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
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