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Braymer JJ, Stehling O, Stümpfig M, Rösser R, Spantgar F, Blinn CM, Mühlenhoff U, Pierik AJ, Lill R. Requirements for the biogenesis of [2Fe-2S] proteins in the human and yeast cytosol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400740121. [PMID: 38743629 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400740121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The biogenesis of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins entails the synthesis and trafficking of Fe/S clusters, followed by their insertion into target apoproteins. In eukaryotes, the multiple steps of biogenesis are accomplished by complex protein machineries in both mitochondria and cytosol. The underlying biochemical pathways have been elucidated over the past decades, yet the mechanisms of cytosolic [2Fe-2S] protein assembly have remained ill-defined. Similarly, the precise site of glutathione (GSH) requirement in cytosolic and nuclear Fe/S protein biogenesis is unclear, as is the molecular role of the GSH-dependent cytosolic monothiol glutaredoxins (cGrxs). Here, we investigated these questions in human and yeast cells by various in vivo approaches. [2Fe-2S] cluster assembly of cytosolic target apoproteins required the mitochondrial ISC machinery, the mitochondrial transporter Atm1/ABCB7 and GSH, yet occurred independently of both the CIA system and cGrxs. This mechanism was strikingly different from the ISC-, Atm1/ABCB7-, GSH-, and CIA-dependent assembly of cytosolic-nuclear [4Fe-4S] proteins. One notable exception to this cytosolic [2Fe-2S] protein maturation pathway defined here was yeast Apd1 which used the CIA system via binding to the CIA targeting complex through its C-terminal tryptophan. cGrxs, although attributed as [2Fe-2S] cluster chaperones or trafficking proteins, were not essential in vivo for delivering [2Fe-2S] clusters to either CIA components or target apoproteins. Finally, the most critical GSH requirement was assigned to Atm1-dependent export, i.e. a step before GSH-dependent cGrxs function. Our findings extend the general model of eukaryotic Fe/S protein biogenesis by adding the molecular requirements for cytosolic [2Fe-2S] protein maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Braymer
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Oliver Stehling
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Martin Stümpfig
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Ralf Rösser
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Farah Spantgar
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Catharina M Blinn
- Department of Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mühlenhoff
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
| | - Antonio J Pierik
- Department of Chemistry, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Roland Lill
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
- Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg 35032, Germany
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2
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Carvalho FA, Mühlenhoff U, Braymer JJ, Root V, Stümpfig M, Oliveira CC, Lill R. Hsp90 and J-protein family chaperones are not directly involved in cellular iron-sulfur protein assembly and iron regulation in yeast. FEBS Lett 2023. [PMID: 36932975 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Systematic studies have revealed interactions between components of the Hsp90 chaperone system and Fe/S protein biogenesis or iron regulation. In addition, two chloroplast-localized DnaJ-like proteins, DJA5 and DJA6, function as specific iron donors in plastidial Fe/S protein biogenesis. Here, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study the impact of both the Hsp90 chaperone and the yeast DJA5-DJA6 homologs, the essential cytosolic Ydj1 and the mitochondrial Mdj1, on cellular iron-related processes. Despite severe phenotypes induced upon depletion of these crucial proteins, there was no critical in vivo impact on Fe/S protein biogenesis or iron regulation. Importantly, unlike the plant DJA5-DJA6 iron chaperones, Ydj1 and Mdj1 did not bind iron in vivo, suggesting that these proteins use zinc for function under normal physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mühlenhoff
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Joseph J Braymer
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Vasilij Root
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Martin Stümpfig
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Carla C Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roland Lill
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie Synmikro, Karl-von-Frisch-Str. 14, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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3
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Mühlenhoff U, Braymer JJ, Christ S, Rietzschel N, Uzarska MA, Weiler BD, Lill R. Glutaredoxins and iron-sulfur protein biogenesis at the interface of redox biology and iron metabolism. Biol Chem 2021; 401:1407-1428. [PMID: 33031050 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2020-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The physiological roles of the intracellular iron and redox regulatory systems are intimately linked. Iron is an essential trace element for most organisms, yet elevated cellular iron levels are a potent generator and amplifier of reactive oxygen species and redox stress. Proteins binding iron or iron-sulfur (Fe/S) clusters, are particularly sensitive to oxidative damage and require protection from the cellular oxidative stress protection systems. In addition, key components of these systems, most prominently glutathione and monothiol glutaredoxins are involved in the biogenesis of cellular Fe/S proteins. In this review, we address the biochemical role of glutathione and glutaredoxins in cellular Fe/S protein assembly in eukaryotic cells. We also summarize the recent developments in the role of cytosolic glutaredoxins in iron metabolism, in particular the regulation of fungal iron homeostasis. Finally, we discuss recent insights into the interplay of the cellular thiol redox balance and oxygen with that of Fe/S protein biogenesis in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Mühlenhoff
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany.,SYNMIKRO Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., D-35043Marburg, Germany
| | - Joseph J Braymer
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany.,SYNMIKRO Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., D-35043Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Christ
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicole Rietzschel
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany
| | - Marta A Uzarska
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany.,Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Abrahama 58, 80-307Gdansk, Poland
| | - Benjamin D Weiler
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany
| | - Roland Lill
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, D-35032Marburg, Germany.,SYNMIKRO Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str., D-35043Marburg, Germany
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4
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Braymer JJ, Freibert SA, Rakwalska-Bange M, Lill R. Mechanistic concepts of iron-sulfur protein biogenesis in Biology. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2020; 1868:118863. [PMID: 33007329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins are present in virtually all living organisms and are involved in numerous cellular processes such as respiration, photosynthesis, metabolic reactions, nitrogen fixation, radical biochemistry, protein synthesis, antiviral defense, and genome maintenance. Their versatile functions may go back to the proposed role of their Fe/S cofactors in the origin of life as efficient catalysts and electron carriers. More than two decades ago, it was discovered that the in vivo synthesis of cellular Fe/S clusters and their integration into polypeptide chains requires assistance by complex proteinaceous machineries, despite the fact that Fe/S proteins can be assembled chemically in vitro. In prokaryotes, three Fe/S protein biogenesis systems are known; ISC, SUF, and the more specialized NIF. The former two systems have been transferred by endosymbiosis from bacteria to mitochondria and plastids, respectively, of eukaryotes. In their cytosol, eukaryotes use the CIA machinery for the biogenesis of cytosolic and nuclear Fe/S proteins. Despite the structural diversity of the protein constituents of these four machineries, general mechanistic concepts underlie the complex process of Fe/S protein biogenesis. This review provides a comprehensive and comparative overview of the various known biogenesis systems in Biology, and summarizes their common or diverging molecular mechanisms, thereby illustrating both the conservation and diverse adaptions of these four machineries during evolution and under different lifestyles. Knowledge of these fundamental biochemical pathways is not only of basic scientific interest, but is important for the understanding of human 'Fe/S diseases' and can be used in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Braymer
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Sven A Freibert
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Roland Lill
- Institut für Zytobiologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany; SYNMIKRO Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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5
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Abstract
In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Pandey et al. (2018) identified that mitochondrial cysteine desulfurase provides the sulfur species used for tRNALys, tRNAGlu, and tRNAGln thiouridine modification in the cytoplasm. A low-mass sulfur species is exported by the mitochondrial Atm1 transporter and utilized in the thio-modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis R Winge
- University of Utah Health Sciences Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
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6
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Nairn BL, Lonergan ZR, Wang J, Braymer JJ, Zhang Y, Calcutt MW, Lisher JP, Gilston BA, Chazin WJ, de Crécy-Lagard V, Giedroc DP, Skaar EP. The Response of Acinetobacter baumannii to Zinc Starvation. Cell Host Microbe 2017; 19:826-36. [PMID: 27281572 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential metal that vertebrates sequester from pathogens to protect against infection. Investigating the opportunistic pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii's response to Zn starvation, we identified a putative Zn metallochaperone, ZigA, which binds Zn and is required for bacterial growth under Zn-limiting conditions and for disseminated infection in mice. ZigA is encoded adjacent to the histidine (His) utilization (Hut) system. The His ammonia-lyase HutH binds Zn very tightly only in the presence of high His and makes Zn bioavailable through His catabolism. The released Zn enables A. baumannii to combat host-imposed Zn starvation. These results demonstrate that A. baumannii employs several mechanisms to ensure bioavailability of Zn during infection, with ZigA functioning predominately during Zn starvation, but HutH operating in both Zn-deplete and -replete conditions to mobilize a labile His-Zn pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Nairn
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zachery R Lonergan
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jiefei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Joseph J Braymer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Yaofang Zhang
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - M Wade Calcutt
- Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - John P Lisher
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Benjamin A Gilston
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Walter J Chazin
- Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Valerie de Crécy-Lagard
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Eric P Skaar
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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7
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Abstract
The biogenesis of iron-sulfur (Fe/S) proteins in eukaryotes is a multistage, multicompartment process that is essential for a broad range of cellular functions, including genome maintenance, protein translation, energy conversion, and the antiviral response. Genetic and cell biological studies over almost 2 decades have revealed some 30 proteins involved in the synthesis of cellular [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters and their incorporation into numerous apoproteins. Mechanistic aspects of Fe/S protein biogenesis continue to be elucidated by biochemical and ultrastructural investigations. Here, we review recent developments in the pursuit of constructing a comprehensive model of Fe/S protein assembly in the mitochondrion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Braymer
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Strasse 6, 35032 Marburg
| | - Roland Lill
- Institut für Zytobiologie und Zytopathologie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Robert-Koch-Strasse 6, 35032 Marburg; LOEWE Zentrum für Synthetische Mikrobiologie SynMikro, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
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8
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Braymer JJ, Giedroc DP. Recent developments in copper and zinc homeostasis in bacterial pathogens. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2014; 19:59-66. [PMID: 24463765 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper and zinc homeostasis systems in pathogenic bacteria are required to resist host efforts to manipulate the availability and toxicity of these metal ions. Central to this microbial adaptive response is the involvement of metal-trafficking and metal-sensing proteins that ultimately exercise control of metal speciation in the cell. Cu-specific and Zn-specific metalloregulatory proteins regulate the transcription of metal-responsive genes while metallochaperones and related proteins ensure that these metals are appropriately buffered by the intracellular milieu and delivered to correct intracellular targets. In this review, we summarize recent findings on how bacterial pathogens mount a metal-specific response to derail host efforts to win the 'fight over metals.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Braymer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA.
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Braymer JJ, O'Neill KP, Rohde JU, Lim MH. The Reaction of a High-Valent Nonheme Oxoiron(IV) Intermediate with Hydrogen Peroxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201200901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Braymer JJ, O'Neill KP, Rohde JU, Lim MH. The reaction of a high-valent nonheme oxoiron(IV) intermediate with hydrogen peroxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5376-80. [PMID: 22517730 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201200901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Braymer
- Department of Chemistry and Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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11
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Braymer JJ, Merrill NM, Lim MH. Characterization of pyridinylimine and pyridinylmethylamine derivatives and their corresponding metal complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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12
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Braymer JJ, Choi JS, DeToma AS, Wang C, Nam K, Kampf JW, Ramamoorthy A, Lim MH. Development of bifunctional stilbene derivatives for targeting and modulating metal-amyloid-β species. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10724-34. [PMID: 21954910 PMCID: PMC3437264 DOI: 10.1021/ic2012205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and their metal-associated aggregated states have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although the etiology of AD remains uncertain, understanding the role of metal-Aβ species could provide insights into the onset and development of the disease. To unravel this, bifunctional small molecules that can specifically target and modulate metal-Aβ species have been developed, which could serve as suitable chemical tools for investigating metal-Aβ-associated events in AD. Through a rational structure-based design principle involving the incorporation of a metal binding site into the structure of an Aβ interacting molecule, we devised stilbene derivatives (L1-a and L1-b) and demonstrated their reactivity toward metal-Aβ species. In particular, the dual functions of compounds with different structural features (e.g., with or without a dimethylamino group) were explored by UV-vis, X-ray crystallography, high-resolution 2D NMR, and docking studies. Enhanced bifunctionality of compounds provided greater effects on metal-induced Aβ aggregation and neurotoxicity in vitro and in living cells. Mechanistic investigations of the reaction of L1-a and L1-b with Zn(2+)-Aβ species by UV-vis and 2D NMR suggest that metal chelation with ligand and/or metal-ligand interaction with the Aβ peptide may be driving factors for the observed modulation of metal-Aβ aggregation pathways. Overall, the studies presented herein demonstrate the importance of a structure-interaction-reactivity relationship for designing small molecules to target metal-Aβ species allowing for the modulation of metal-induced Aβ reactivity and neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J. Braymer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Jung-Suk Choi
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Alaina S. DeToma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Kisoo Nam
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Jeffrey W. Kampf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Biophysics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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Cho J, Jeon S, Wilson SA, Liu LV, Kang EA, Braymer JJ, Lim MH, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Valentine JS, Solomon EI, Nam W. Structure and reactivity of a mononuclear non-haem iron(III)-peroxo complex. Nature 2011; 478:502-5. [PMID: 22031443 DOI: 10.1038/nature10535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen-containing mononuclear iron species--iron(III)-peroxo, iron(III)-hydroperoxo and iron(IV)-oxo--are key intermediates in the catalytic activation of dioxygen by iron-containing metalloenzymes. It has been difficult to generate synthetic analogues of these three active iron-oxygen species in identical host complexes, which is necessary to elucidate changes to the structure of the iron centre during catalysis and the factors that control their chemical reactivities with substrates. Here we report the high-resolution crystal structure of a mononuclear non-haem side-on iron(III)-peroxo complex, [Fe(III)(TMC)(OO)](+). We also report a series of chemical reactions in which this iron(III)-peroxo complex is cleanly converted to the iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex, [Fe(III)(TMC)(OOH)](2+), via a short-lived intermediate on protonation. This iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex then cleanly converts to the ferryl complex, [Fe(IV)(TMC)(O)](2+), via homolytic O-O bond cleavage of the iron(III)-hydroperoxo species. All three of these iron species--the three most biologically relevant iron-oxygen intermediates--have been spectroscopically characterized; we note that they have been obtained using a simple macrocyclic ligand. We have performed relative reactivity studies on these three iron species which reveal that the iron(III)-hydroperoxo complex is the most reactive of the three in the deformylation of aldehydes and that it has a similar reactivity to the iron(IV)-oxo complex in C-H bond activation of alkylaromatics. These reactivity results demonstrate that iron(III)-hydroperoxo species are viable oxidants in both nucleophilic and electrophilic reactions by iron-containing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeheung Cho
- Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
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14
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DeToma AS, Choi JS, Braymer JJ, Lim MH. Myricetin: A Naturally Occurring Regulator of Metal-Induced Amyloid-β Aggregation and Neurotoxicity. Chembiochem 2011; 12:1198-201. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Choi JS, Braymer JJ, Park SK, Mustafa S, Chae J, Lim MH. Synthesis and characterization of IMPY derivatives that regulate metal-induced amyloid-β aggregation. Metallomics 2011; 3:284-91. [DOI: 10.1039/c0mt00077a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Braymer JJ, Detoma AS, Choi JS, Ko KS, Lim MH. Recent Development of Bifunctional Small Molecules to Study Metal-Amyloid-β Species in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2010; 2011:623051. [PMID: 21197068 PMCID: PMC3004374 DOI: 10.4061/2011/623051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease related to the deposition of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides in the brain. It has been proposed that metal ion dyshomeostasis and miscompartmentalization contribute to AD progression, especially as metal ions (e.g., Cu(II) and Zn(II)) found in Aβ plaques of the diseased brain can bind to Aβ and be linked to aggregation and neurotoxicity. The role of metal ions in AD pathogenesis, however, is uncertain. To accelerate understanding in this area and contribute to therapeutic development, recent efforts to devise suitable chemical reagents that can target metal ions associated with Aβ have been made using rational structure-based design that combines two functions (metal chelation and Aβ interaction) in the same molecule. This paper presents bifunctional compounds developed by two different design strategies (linkage or incorporation) and discusses progress in their applications as chemical tools and/or potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Braymer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, USA
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Abstract
Our design of bifunctional metal chelators as chemical probes and potential therapeutics for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is based on the incorporation of a metal binding moiety into structural frameworks of Abeta aggregate-imaging agents. Using this strategy, two compounds 2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-8-ol (1) and N(1),N(1)-dimethyl-N(4)-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)benzene-1,4-diamine (2) were prepared and characterized. The bifunctionality for metal chelation and Abeta interaction of 1 and 2 was verified by spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the reactivity of 1 and 2 with Cu(II)-associated Abeta aggregates was investigated. The modulation of Cu(II)-triggered Abeta aggregation by 1 and 2 was found to be more effective than that by the known metal chelating agents CQ, EDTA, and phen. These studies suggest a new class of multifunctional molecules for the development of chemical tools to unravel metal-associated events in AD and potential therapeutic agents for metal-ion chelation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmad S Hindo
- Department of Chemistry and the Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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