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Toledo-Perona R, Contreras A, Gomis J, Quereda JJ, García-Galán A, Sánchez A, Gómez-Martín Á. Controlling Coxiella burnetii in naturally infected sheep, goats and cows, and public health implications: a scoping review. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1321553. [PMID: 38425838 PMCID: PMC10901991 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1321553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Q fever is a worldwide zoonotic disease which domestic ruminants are the main source of infection for humans. This scoping review summarizes the control measures currently available to reduce Coxiella burnetii (Cb) infection in naturally infected sheep, goat and cattle herds. A total of 28 articles were included in the review. A lack of methodological standardization was noted in the articles analyzed. The results indicated that long-term vaccination in cows reduces bacterial excretion in milk and environmental contamination. In small ruminants, the results of vaccination in terms of efficacy are variable. In goats, there is a reduction in bacterial excretion, unlike in sheep, where a long-term vaccination program is necessary to reduce bacterial excretion. Moreover, the high persistence of viable Cb in the environment means that control measures for sheep are needed for several years. The use of antibiotics as a control measure in cows and sheep was not found to reduce excretion. However, the combination of vaccination with antibiotic therapy appears to have positive effects in small ruminants in terms of controlling outbreaks of Q fever. Hygiene and biosecurity measures are the basic means for controlling Cb infection on ruminant farms and ensuring public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Toledo-Perona
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Animal Reproduction (ProVaginBio), Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Gomis
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Animal Reproduction (ProVaginBio), Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan José Quereda
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
- Research Group Intracellular Pathogens: Biology and Infection, Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana García-Galán
- Department of Animal Health, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Sánchez
- Department of Animal Health, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ángel Gómez-Martín
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Animal Reproduction (ProVaginBio), Universidad CEU Cardenal Herrera, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology. Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
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Martínez-Alarcón L, Flores-Medina J, Ramis G, Gómez-Laguna J, Moll X, Falceto V, San Román-Ascaso F, San Román-Llorens F, Quereda JJ, Herrero JM, Mendonça L, Martin-Barrasa JL, Fernández OM, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Gutiérrez P, López-Chicheri I, López-Navas A, Ríos A. Organ xenotransplantation acceptance in veterinary students: A multicentric opinion study in Spain. Xenotransplantation 2023; 30:e12823. [PMID: 37695105 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortage of available transplant organs has made it necessary to search for alternatives, one of which is xenotransplantation. However, the use of animal organs could face rejection from society and the personnel involved in its implementation. OBJECTIVES (a) to analyze the attitudes of Veterinary Degree students in six Spanish Universities towards xenotransplantation; and (b) to determine the factors that affect its acceptance. METHODS Of the 2815 students surveyed in the degree program, 2683 valid surveys were obtained. Attitudes towards organ xenotransplantation were evaluated using a validated questionnaire of organ donation. RESULTS If xenotransplantation was confirmed as a clinical reality, 93% (n = 2493) of those surveyed would accept a xenotransplanted organ, whilst 7% would not. If the results of xenotransplantation were worse than those obtained with human donors and it entailed more risk, 12% (n = 318) would be in favor. 56% (n = 1497) of the students would accept a xenotransplantation provisionally pending the arrival of a human organ. Attitudes towards xenotransplantation were affected by the academic year in which a student was studying, with more favorable attitudes among students in the last year (88% in first year vs. 95% in fifth year; p < .001). More favorable attitudes are also observed depending on the attitude they have towards organ transplantation, with those students being more in favor of donating their organs when they die (94% vs. 88%; p < .001). CONCLUSION Veterinary students would have a very favorable attitude toward xenotransplantation if these animal organs functioned as well as human organs. Therefore, these students could play an important role in the future promotion of this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martínez-Alarcón
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Flores-Medina
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Ramis
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Xavier Moll
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Falceto
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fidel San Román-Ascaso
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fidel San Román-Llorens
- Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan José Quereda
- Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Herrero
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Livia Mendonça
- Faculty of Veterinary, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - José Luis Martin-Barrasa
- Experimental Animal Facility, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria, Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
- Animal Infectious Diseases and Ictiopatology, University Institute of Animal Health (IUSA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - Olga María Fernández
- Animalario libre de Patógenos Arrixaca-Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Muñoz
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gutiérrez
- Urology Service, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Canarias, La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
- Departmen of Surgery, University of La Laguna, San Cristóbal de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Isabel López-Chicheri
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana López-Navas
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Ríos
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
- Surgery Service, Transplant Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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García-Galán A, De la Fe C, Gomis J, Bataller E, Sánchez A, Quereda JJ, García-Roselló E, Gómez-Martín A. The addition of Lactobacillus spp. negatively affects Mycoplasma bovis viability in bovine cervical mucus. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:251. [PMID: 32690006 PMCID: PMC7370443 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02454-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mycoplasma bovis is an important pathogen for the cattle industry worldwide causing significant economic losses. Several transmission routes, including those related to reproduction, have been described. Indeed, the pathogen can colonize the female reproductive tract after artificial insemination (AI) with contaminated semen. Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotics have been used for vaginal dysbiosis treatment in women and cows although their role in controlling cervico-vaginal infections due to M. bovis is unknown. The objective of the present work is to assess the viability of M. bovis (PG45, NCTC 10131) in experimentally contaminated cervical mucus after the addition of Lactobacillus spp. at different concentrations as a competing agent and pH acidifier. RESULTS The addition of probiotic at a concentration higher than 108 colony forming units (CFU/mL had a detrimental effect (P < 0.05) on mycoplasma viability in cervical mucus. This coincided with a significant LAB growth and an important decrease in pH from 8.4 to 5.6 (P < 0.05). However, after the addition of less concentrated probiotic, M. bovis survival was not affected and there was no significant LAB growth despite the drop of pH from 8.4 to 6.73 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The addition of concentrations higher than 108 CFU/mL of Lactobacillus spp. negatively affects M. bovis viability in bovine cervical mucus under in vitro conditions. Although the effect observed on the pathogen viability seems to be related to the pH decrease after LAB proliferation in cervical mucus, further studies are necessary to elucidate if other factors are implicated. Nevertheless, the administration of Lactobacillus spp.-based probiotics might be used in the future to control M. bovis proliferation in the cervico-vaginal tract of cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- A García-Galán
- Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - C De la Fe
- Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - J Gomis
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Reproduction (ProVaginBio) Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - E Bataller
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Reproduction (ProVaginBio) Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Sánchez
- Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - J J Quereda
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Reproduction (ProVaginBio) Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - E García-Roselló
- Microbiological Agents Associated with Reproduction (ProVaginBio) Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Martín
- Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.,Microbiological Agents Associated with Reproduction (ProVaginBio) Research Group, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46113, Valencia, Spain
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Martínez-Alarcón L, Ríos A, Ramis G, Gómez-Laguna J, Moll X, Falceto V, San Román-Acaso F, San Román-Llorens F, Quereda JJ, Herrero Medrano JM, Mendonça L, Martin-Barrasa JL, Fernández OM, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Veterinary Spanish Students' Attitude Toward Presumed Consent in Organ Donation. Transplant Proc 2020; 51:3004-3007. [PMID: 31711582 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2019.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Veterinarians often are involved in transplantation research projects. They are a fundamental social group who can influence public opinion about organ donation and transplantation (ODT). OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the knowledge of Spanish veterinary students about the concept of brain death and the law of presumed consent. METHODS A sociologic, multicenter, and observational study was carried out in the veterinary students enrolled in Spain (n = 9000) in a complete academic year. A sample of 2815 students was stratified by geographic area and academic year. The students' attitudes on the psychosocial aspects of ODT were evaluated using a psychosocial validated questionnaire (PCID-DTO Rios). It was self-administered and completed anonymously. Veterinary schools were randomly selected. The questionnaire was applied to each academic year at compulsory sessions. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Student t test, χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis were used. RESULTS The completion rate was 91% (n = 2558). Of students, 66% (n = 1664) understood the concept of brain death, 30% had doubts, whereas 5% believed that a person with brain death can recover and lead a normal life. Concerning legislation, 63% (n = 1615) were against the law of presumed consent, and 37% were in favor. An analysis of variables determining more favorable acceptance of the law showed that year of study (P = .000), knowing a donor (P = .020), and attitude toward ODT (P = .000) did have an effect on acceptance. Most students, 71% (n = 1875), were interested in attending a talk about ODT. CONCLUSION Only 37% of Spanish veterinary students would accept the law of presumed consent. Most students were interested in attending an informative talk about ODT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martínez-Alarcón
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia-España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia-España; "International Collaborative Donor Project," Murcia-España
| | - Antonio Ríos
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia-España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia-España; "International Collaborative Donor Project," Murcia-España.
| | - Guillermo Ramis
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia-España; "International Collaborative Donor Project," Murcia-España; Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia-España, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Gómez-Laguna
- Departament of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, University of Córdoba, Spain
| | - Xavier Moll
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad Veterinaria, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona (UAB) España, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Juan José Quereda
- Grupo Fisiopatología de la Reproducción, Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Livia Mendonça
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - José Luis Martin-Barrasa
- Experimental Animal Facility, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria, Dr Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Animal Infectious Diseases and Ictiopatology, University Institute of Animal Health (IUSA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - Olga María Fernández
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia-España; Animalario libre de Patógenos Arrixaca- IMIB, Murcia-España
| | - Antonio Muñoz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia-España, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pablo Ramírez
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia-España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia-España; "International Collaborative Donor Project," Murcia-España
| | - Pascual Parrilla
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia-España; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia-España
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Quereda JJ, Rodríguez-Gómez IM, Meza-Torres J, Gómez-Laguna J, Nahori MA, Dussurget O, Carrasco L, Cossart P, Pizarro-Cerdá J. Reassessing the role of internalin B in Listeria monocytogenes virulence using the epidemic strain F2365. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:252.e1-252.e4. [PMID: 30195066 PMCID: PMC6365677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the contribution to virulence of the surface protein internalin B (InlB) in the Listeria monocytogenes lineage I strain F2365, which caused a deadly listeriosis outbreak in California in 1985. METHODS The F2365 strain displays a point mutation that hampers expression of InlB. We rescued the expression of InlB in the L. monocytogenes lineage I strain F2365 by introducing a point mutation in the codon 34 (TAA to CAA). We investigated its importance for bacterial virulence using in vitro cell infection systems and a murine intravenous infection model. RESULTS In HeLa and JEG-3 cells, the F2365 InlB+ strain expressing InlB was ≈9-fold and ≈1.5-fold more invasive than F2365, respectively. In livers and spleens of infected mice at 72 hours after infection, bacterial counts for F2365 InlB+ were significantly higher compared to the F2365 strain (≈1 log more), and histopathologic assessment showed that the F2365 strain displayed a reduced number of necrotic foci compared to the F2365 InlB+ strain (Mann-Whitney test). CONCLUSIONS InlB plays a critical role during infection of nonpregnant animals by a L. monocytogenes strain from lineage I. A spontaneous mutation in InlB could have prevented more severe human morbidity and mortality during the 1985 California listeriosis outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Quereda
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France; Grupo fisiopatología de la Reproducción, Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain.
| | - I M Rodríguez-Gómez
- Anatomy and Comparative Pathology Department, University of Cordoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3,', Córdoba, Spain
| | - J Meza-Torres
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France
| | - J Gómez-Laguna
- Anatomy and Comparative Pathology Department, University of Cordoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3,', Córdoba, Spain
| | - M A Nahori
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France
| | - O Dussurget
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, Paris, France
| | - L Carrasco
- Anatomy and Comparative Pathology Department, University of Cordoba, International Excellence Agrifood Campus 'ceiA3,', Córdoba, Spain
| | - P Cossart
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France
| | - J Pizarro-Cerdá
- Institut Pasteur, Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U604, Paris, France; Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, USC2020, Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Unité de Recherche Yersinia, Paris, France; Centre National de Référence 'Peste et autres Yersinioses', Paris, France; Centre Collaborateur OMS de Référence et Recherche 'Yersinioses,', Paris, France.
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Martínez-Alarcón L, Ríos A, Ramis G, Gómez-Laguna J, Moll X, Falceto V, San Román-Acaso F, San Román-Llorens F, Quereda JJ, Herrero-Medrano JM, Mendonça L, Martin-Barrasa JL, Fernández OM, López-Navas AI, Hernández AM, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Attitude Toward Organ Donation and Transplantation in Veterinary Students: A Multicenter and Stratified Study in Spain. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:362-365. [PMID: 29579804 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.11.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Veterinarians often hold decision-making positions in the public health care system and can therefore influence public opinion about organ donation and transplantation (ODT). The aim of this work was to analyze the attitude of Spanish veterinary students toward ODT, because they may influence public opinion in the future, and to determine the factors that condition it. METHODS This was a sociologic, interdisciplinary, multicenter, observational study in Spain. The study population was students studying for a veterinary degree in Spain (n = 9000), and a sample of 2815 students (confidence of 99% and precision of ±1%) was stratified by geographic area and academic year. A validated questionnaire of attitude toward ODT (PCID-DTO-Ríos) was self-administered and anonymous. RESULTS Of the 2815 selected students (2790 plus the 0.9% per type of sample), 2650 completed the questionnaire (response rate, 94.14%): 83% (n = 2207) of the respondents were in favor of donation and 17% against. The following main variables were related to a favorable attitude: being female (odds ratio [OR], 0.752; P = .034); knowing a donor (OR, 1.834; P = .003); having discussed the matter with one's family (OR, 1.587; P = .002); having spoken about the subject in social circles with friends (OR, 1.633; P < .001), and being in favor of donating a deceased family member's organs (OR, 2.403; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Seventeen percent of Spanish veterinary students were not in favor of ODT. It is important to know the factors that determine their attitude, because this will make it possible to optimize the resources invested in campaigns to promote ODT and to take more specific action.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Martínez-Alarcón
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Ríos
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain.
| | - G Ramis
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J Gómez-Laguna
- Departament of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - X Moll
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad Veterinaria, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Falceto
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - J J Quereda
- Grupo Fisiopatología de la Reproducción, Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Herrero-Medrano
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Mendonça
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - J L Martin-Barrasa
- Experimental Animal Facility, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria, Dr Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Animal Infectious Diseases and Ictiopatology, University Institute of Animal Health, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - O M Fernández
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Animalario Libre de Patógenos Arrixaca-IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - A I López-Navas
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - A M Hernández
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Muñoz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - P Ramírez
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain
| | - P Parrilla
- Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
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7
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Martínez-Alarcón L, Ríos A, Ramis G, Gómez-Laguna J, Moll X, Falceto V, San Román-Acaso F, San Román-Llorens F, Quereda JJ, Herrero-Medrano JM, Mendonça L, Martin-Barrasa JL, Fernández OM, Hernández AM, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Veterinary Students' Attitude Toward Living Kidney Donation: A Multicenter Stratified Study From Spain. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:2280-2283. [PMID: 30316341 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Living kidney related donations (LKRD) should be promoted because of the current deficit of organs for transplantation. The objective of the study was to analyze the attitude of Spanish veterinary students toward LKRD, because they may influence public opinion in the future, and to determine the factors that condition it. METHODS A sociological, interdisciplinary, multicenter, and observational study was carried out in the veterinary students enrolled in Spain (n = 9000) in the university academic year 2010-2011. A sample of 2815 students was stratified by geographical area and academic year. The students' attitude toward LKRD was assessed using a psychosocial validated questionnaire (PCID-DVR Rios), was self-administered, and was completed anonymously. Veterinary schools were randomly selected. The questionnaire was applied to each academic year at compulsory sessions. Statistical analysis was preformed using t test, χ2 test, and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The completion rate was 95% (n = 2683); 93% (n = 2504) were in favor of LKRD and 36% (n = 945) supported unrelated living kidney donation. The following variables were associated with having a more favorable attitude: (1) sex (P < .001), (2) being a student of southern universities (P = .03), (3) attitude toward deceased donation (P < .001), (4) having a father (P < .001) or a mother (P < .001) in favor of organ donation, and (5) having discussed the subject with friends (P = .03) or family (P = .02). However, only 60% would accept a kidney from a relative. CONCLUSION Spanish veterinary students have a favorable attitude toward LKRD. However, only 60% would accept a kidney from a relative.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Martínez-Alarcón
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Ríos
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain.
| | - G Ramis
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J Gómez-Laguna
- Departament of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - X Moll
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Facultad Veterinaria, Universitat Autonoma Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - V Falceto
- Universidad Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | - J J Quereda
- Grupo Fisiopatología de la Reproducción, Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J M Herrero-Medrano
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Mendonça
- Escola de Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiania, Brazil
| | - J L Martin-Barrasa
- Experimental Animal Facility, Research Unit, Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria, Dr. Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Animal Infectious Diseases and Ictiopatology, University Institute of Animal Health (IUSA), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - O M Fernández
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Animalario libre de Patógenos Arrixaca-IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - A M Hernández
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Muñoz
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - P Ramírez
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - P Parrilla
- International Collaborative Donor Project, Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Servicio de Cirugía, Unidad de Trasplantes, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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8
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Abellaneda JM, Martínez-Alarcón L, Quereda JJ, Herrero-Medrano JM, Mendonça L, Mrowiec A, García-Nicolás O, Pallarés FJ, Ríos A, Muñoz A, Ramírez P, Ramis G. Validation of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for human Alu gene detection in microchimeric pigs used as donors for xenotransplantation. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:132-5. [PMID: 25645791 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This work was undertaken to evaluate whether a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is as an adequate method for detection and quantification of human-specific DNA elements (Alu gene) in tissues and blood samples of pigs in which human stem cells were engrafted. Real-time qPCR quantification was performed with the use of previously described primers. The human DNA was mixed with different quantities of porcine DNA. The primer concentration and specificity, the qPCR efficiency, the quantification variations due to different porcine DNA concentrations, and the dissociation curve produced by the assay were evaluated. The qPCR proved to be specific, robust, with a reproducible and specific bimodal melting curve. High porcine DNA concentration produced subquantification, especially with low human DNA quantity. However, the assay proved to be useful for the detection of chimeric piglets produced by human cells injected in utero, because the effect caused by the porcine DNA interference was corrected in quantification of human DNA from piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Abellaneda
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Martínez-Alarcón
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - J J Quereda
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - J M Herrero-Medrano
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Mendonça
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Escola de Veterinaria, Universidad de Federal de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil
| | - A Mrowiec
- Departamento de Inmunología. Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - O García-Nicolás
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - F J Pallarés
- Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Ríos
- Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - A Muñoz
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - P Ramírez
- Departamento de Cirugía, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - G Ramis
- Grupo de Investigación Cría y Salud Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Producción Animal, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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9
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Quereda JJ, Pucciarelli MG. Deletion of the membrane protein Lmo0412 increases the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes. Microbes Infect 2014; 16:623-32. [PMID: 25051038 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes gastroenteritis, meningitis, encephalitis and maternofetal infections. 20-30% of eubacterial ORFs are predicted to encode membrane proteins. The bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is a macromolecular structure, which plays a key role for the pathogenesis. Despite this, little knowledge exists regarding the function of cytoplasmic membrane proteins of Listeria during infection. Here, we investigated a predicted membrane protein of the pathogen L. monocytogenes, Lmo0412, of unknown function. Lmo0412 is only present in the Listeria genus and low conserved in the non-pathogenic species L. innocua. Bacterial fractionation and western blot analyses showed that Lmo0412 was only detectable in the membrane of L. monocytogenes EGDe during logarithmic growth phase. lmo0412 expression in L. monocytogenes was down-regulated during in vitro infection of JEG-3 epithelial cells. An L. monocytogenes mutant deficient in this membrane protein showed increased invasion of Caco-2 and NRK-49F host cells using in vitro infection models. Moreover, the lack of Lmo0412 in this deletion mutant increased the viable bacteria counts in the spleen and liver of mice compared to the wild type strain. Taken together, these data suggest a selective advantage conferred by the absence of Lmo0412 for the virulence of L. monocytogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Quereda
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Graciela Pucciarelli
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa'-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CBMSO-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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10
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García-Nicolás O, Quereda JJ, Gómez-Laguna J, Salguero FJ, Carrasco L, Ramis G, Pallarés FJ. Cytokines transcript levels in lung and lymphoid organs during genotype 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) infection. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 160:26-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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11
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Ramis G, Martínez-Alarcón L, Quereda JJ, Mendonça L, Majado MJ, Gomez-Coelho K, Mrowiec A, Herrero-Medrano JM, Abellaneda JM, Pallares FJ, Ríos A, Ramírez P, Muñoz A. Optimization of cytotoxicity assay by real-time, impedance-based cell analysis. Biomed Microdevices 2014; 15:985-95. [PMID: 23887614 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-013-9790-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents an optimized procedure for assessing an immune-mediated cytotoxicity, produced after the addition of human and baboon serum to transgenic porcine fibroblasts. This procedure is performed with the xCELLigence Real-Time Cell Analyzer (RTCA). The xCELLigence system measures the impedance variations in the culture media of a 96-well microelectronic plate, and shows the changes in cell number and morphology in a real-time plot. However, different factors need to be optimized before developing an RTCA assay. Thus, we studied the influence of several variables, such as the number of cells seeded, the time the cells were allowed to grow before the tests, the serum concentration and the addition of rabbit complement. The findings were confirmed by the WST-1 classical cytotoxicity test. The results showed that 7.5 × 10(3) cells seeded per well produced the adequate CI in 10 h. The area under the curve and the CImin versus concentration values showed a very high correlation index (r(2) = 0.966 and r(2) = 0.92 for the first 50 h after challenge, respectively), proving that CI variations are directly proportional to the quantity of serum added. The addition of complement resulted in lower CImin values. Therefore, both the cytolysis level with and without exogenous complement addition had to be assessed. There was a high correlation between the relative cytotoxicity assessed by WST-1 and the CI obtained by RTCA when exogenous complement was not added (r(2) = 0.827; p < 0.001). The correlation was average when rabbit complement was added (r(2) = 0.523; p = 0.046). In conclusion, culture conditions have an important influence on RTCA cytotoxicity assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramis
- Departamento de Producción Animal. Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Excelencia Mare Nostrum, Murcia, 3738, Spain,
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12
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García-Nicolás O, Baumann A, Vielle NJ, Gómez-Laguna J, Quereda JJ, Pallarés FJ, Ramis G, Carrasco L, Summerfield A. Virulence and genotype-associated infectivity of interferon-treated macrophages by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses. Virus Res 2014; 179:204-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Ramis G, Martínez-Alarcon L, Quereda JJ, Mrowiec A, Funes C, Ríos A, Ramírez P, Muñoz A, Majado MJ. Non-ABO blood group systems phenotyping in non-human primates for blood banking laboratory and xenotransplantation. Lab Anim 2013; 47:100-5. [PMID: 23563364 DOI: 10.1177/0023677213475439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Some biomedical research procedures, such as organ xenotransplantation, usually require intensive hemotherapy. Knowledge of the whole phenotype of blood donor and graft could be useful in the field of xenotransplantation. Human and simian-type categories of blood groups have been established and they can be tested by standard methods used for human blood grouping. The aim of this work was to study the incidence of non-ABO blood group systems in different species of non-human primates, which are employed in biomedical research. The phenotype of Rh, Lewis, Kidd, Kell, MNSs, Lutheran, P and Duffy antigens was investigated in olive baboon (n = 48), chacma baboon (n = 9), Guinea baboon (n = 14), Rhesus macaque (n = 38) and squirrel monkey (n = 30) by using commercial microtyping cards. Kell, Lutheran, Kidd and Duffy antigens have been detected in all species, Rh in squirrel monkey, MNSs in rhesus macaque and squirrel monkey, and Lewis in baboon and rhesus macaque. There were differences in frequency and haemagglutination scores between species regardless of their gender and age. The main differences were found in squirrel monkey when compared with baboons and macaques. This typing system provides a tool to assess the presence of antigens in animals used for experimental procedures, such as xenotransplantation and xenotransfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramis
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30.100 Murcia, Spain
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14
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Ramis G, Martínez-Alarcón L, Majado MJ, Quereda JJ, Mendonça L, Herrero-Medrano JM, Abellaneda JM, Ríos A, López-Navas A, Ramírez P, Muñoz A. Assessment of in vitro heparin complement regulation capacity during real-time cell analyzer antibody-mediated cytolysis assay: compatibility studies for pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation. Transplant Proc 2013; 44:1584-8. [PMID: 22841220 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of sodium heparin concentrations on antibody- and complement-mediated cytolysis by means of a real-time cell analyzer system (RTCA) investigating the complement regulation ability of heparin to reduce or prevent hyperacute in an in vitro model of pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fibroblasts isolated from the skin of two transgenic pigs were cultured in microelectronic 96-well plates for 9 hours. Then, we added 20 μL of normal sera from two healthy adult olive baboons (Papio anubis) or two volunteer healthy humans. Simultaneous cultures had added heparin at 3.5, 5, 7.5, 15, and 30 IU. Moreover, rabbit complement was added for the exogenous complement group (ExC) versus the other group only with the complement present in the sera as an endogenous complement group (EnC). Cellular cultures were monitored over 150 hours after challenge. With cellular index (CI) data recorded by the xCELLigence software system, we calculate area under the curve versus concentration (AUC) and minimum CI (CImin) versus concentration. RESULTS All cultures showed decreased CI after challenge with human or baboon sera. There was a high correlation for AUC (r(2) > 0.90) and CImin versus concentration (r(2) > 0.970) during the first 40 hours postchallenge among the EnC group, regardless of human or baboon sera. However, there was no correlation for AUC and CImin for the ExC group. There was a reduction of CImin related to increased heparin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS The addition of heparin did not reduce antibody- and complement-mediated cytolysis assessed in vitro by RTCA in pig-to-baboon compatibility assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ramis
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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15
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Abellaneda JM, Ramis G, Martínez-Alarcón L, Majado MJ, Quereda JJ, Herrero-Medrano JM, Mendonça L, García-Nicolás O, Reus M, Insausti C, Ríos A, López-Navas A, González MR, Pallarés FJ, Munoz A, Ramírez P, Parrilla P. Generation of human-to-pig chimerism to induce tolerance through transcutaneous in utero injection of cord blood-derived mononuclear cells or human bone marrow mesenchymals cells in a preclinical program of liver xenotransplantation: preliminary results. Transplant Proc 2013; 44:1574-8. [PMID: 22841218 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2012.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Using a percutaneous ecoguided injection system to obtain chimeric piglets through a less invasive and traumatic technique than previously reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS The two types of human cells included umbilical cord blood mononuclear elements and mesenchymal stem cells cultured from bone marrow. Four sows at gestational day 50 were anesthetized. A needle was inserted through the skin and uterine wall to reach the peritoneal cavity of the fetuses under continuous ultrasound guidance. Fourteen piglets were injected with various cell concentrations. RESULTS All sows carried pregnancies to term yielding 69 piglets, among which 67 were alive and two mummified. Two piglets died during the first 48 hours of life. Chimerism was detected using flow cytometry and by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) to detect Alu gene in blood or tissues samples. The analysis detected blood chimerism in 13 piglets (21%) by flow cytometry and the presence of the human Alu gene in 33 (51%) by q-PCR. The results suggest cell trafficking between littermates after in utero injection. CONCLUSIONS Transcutaneous echo-guided injection succeeded to produce chimeric piglets without disadvantages to the sow or the fetuses and avoiding abortions or fetal death.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Abellaneda
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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16
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Quereda JJ, Herrero-Medrano JM, Abellaneda JM, García-Nicolás O, Martínez-Alarcón L, Pallarés FJ, Ramírez P, Muñoz A, Ramis G. Porcine endogenous retrovirus copy number in different pig breeds is not related to genetic diversity. Zoonoses Public Health 2012; 59:401-7. [PMID: 22348392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2012.01467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The risk of zoonoses is a major obstacle to xenotransplantation. Porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) poses a potential risk of zoonotic infection, and its control is a prerequisite for the development of clinical xenotransplantation. The copy number of PERV varies among different breeds, and it has been suggested that the PERV integrations number is increased by inbreeding. The purpose of this study was (i) to examine the copy number of PERV in different Spanish pig breeds, Spanish wild boar and commercial cross-bred pigs from five different farms and genetic background (CCP1-CCP5) and (ii) to investigate the correlation between PERV copy number and the genetic background of the pigs in order to improve the selection of pigs for xenotransplantation. PERV copy number was determined by quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reactions. Thirty-four microsatellite markers were genotyped to describe the genetic diversity within populations (observed and expected heterozygosities, Ho and He, respectively) and the inbreeding coefficient (F). Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between PERV copy number and Ho, He and F. The copy number of PERV among different pig breeds was estimated to range between three (CCP1) and 43 copies (Iberian Pig). Statistical differences were found among the studied populations concerning PERV copy number. No correlation was found between the PERV copy number and the heterozygosity (calculated at an individual level or at a population level) or the inbreeding coefficient of each population. Our data suggest that pigs inbreeding does not increase PERV copy number and support the idea that careful selection of pigs for organ donation with reduced PERV copy number will minimize the risk of retrovirus transmission to the human receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Quereda
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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17
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Quereda JJ, Gómez S, Seva J, Ramis G, Cerón JJ, Muñoz A, Pallarés FJ. Acute phase proteins as a tool for differential diagnosis of wasting diseases in growing pigs. Vet Rec 2012; 170:21. [PMID: 22101578 DOI: 10.1136/vr.100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of haptoglobin (Hp), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) were measured in wasted pigs, first to evaluate their usefulness in the diagnosis of infectious, wasting diseases in pigs, and second, to evaluate whether their concentrations can distinguish the lymphoid depletion score in the lymph tissues of wasted affected pigs. Fifty-three wasted pigs and seven specific pathogen free (SPF) pigs were postmortem examined. Gross lesions were evaluated and samples for histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular biology and microbiological analysis were taken. Thirty-one pigs were diagnosed as postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) and 22 as porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). Lymphoid depletion degree in lymph tissues of PMWS and PRDC affected pigs was determined. Serum Hp was significantly higher in pigs with PRDC in comparison with the PMWS affected pigs. Serum CRP concentration was significantly lower in pigs with PRDC than in PMWS affected pigs (P<0.001). CRP and SAA levels increased with the lymphoid depletion score, presenting statistical differences between pigs with no depletion and pigs with low, moderate or severe lymphoid depletion (P<0.05, P<0.05 and P<0.001 for CRP and P<0.01, P<0.01 and P<0.01 for SAA, respectively). Hp was higher in pigs with no or low depletion compared with the pigs suffering severe lymphoid depletion (P<0.001 and P<0.05, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Quereda
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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18
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Quereda JJ, Martínez-Alarcón L, Mendoça L, Majado MJ, Herrero-Medrano JM, Pallarés FJ, Ríos A, Ramírez P, Muñoz A, Ramis G. Validation of xCELLigence real-time cell analyzer to assess compatibility in xenotransplantation with pig-to-baboon model. Transplant Proc 2011; 42:3239-43. [PMID: 20970663 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate the use of a microelectronic real-time cell analyzer system (RTCA) we developed a complement-mediated antibody cytotoxicity assay to investigate the compatibility of a graft and a recipient in pig-to-baboon xenotransplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fibroblasts isolated from the skin of five hCD55, hCD59, and hCD46 transgenic pigs (TP) were cultured in 96 microelectronic well plates for 17 hours. Then, we added to each microwell 20 μL of normal sera from nine healthy adult olive baboons (Papio anubis)-three males and six females. The evolution of the cell culture was assessed every 3 minutes during the pretreatment period, at 11 hours postaddition, and every 30 minutes from 12 to 96 hours. Simultaneously, we performed a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Fibroblasts from wild-type (WT) pigs were used as positive controls and microwells without serum addition from each TP as negative controls. The RTCA results were expressed as a normalized cellular index (NCI). RESULTS Differences were observed between the five TP fibroblasts and the WT fibroblasts, with greater cytotoxicity on WT cells. Among TP, a higher cytolytic level was observed in males than females. The MTT results correlated with NCI at different times, with the minimum NCI and with the time to for NCI recovery before serum addition. The correlation was lower than that previously reported in environmental toxicity assays. CONCLUSIONS RTCA allows a long-term assessment of the immunocytotoxic effect of baboon sera on pig cells, providing a suitable tool to perform compatibility tests for xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Quereda
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
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