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Wong TY, Radua J, Pomarol-Clotet E, Salvador R, Albajes-Eizagirre A, Solanes A, Canales-Rodriguez EJ, Guerrero-Pedraza A, Sarro S, Kircher T, Nenadic I, Krug A, Grotegerd D, Dannlowski U, Borgwardt S, Riecher-Rössler A, Schmidt A, Andreou C, Huber CG, Turner J, Calhoun V, Jiang W, Clark S, Walton E, Spalletta G, Banaj N, Piras F, Ciullo V, Vecchio D, Lebedeva I, Tomyshev AS, Kaleda V, Klushnik T, Filho GB, Zanetti MV, Serpa MH, Penteado Rosa PG, Hashimoto R, Fukunaga M, Richter A, Krämer B, Gruber O, Voineskos AN, Dickie EW, Tomecek D, Skoch A, Spaniel F, Hoschl C, Bertolino A, Bonvino A, Di Giorgio A, Holleran L, Ciufolini S, Marques TR, Dazzan P, Murray R, Lamsma J, Cahn W, van Haren N, Díaz-Zuluaga AM, Pineda-Zapata JA, Vargas C, López-Jaramillo C, van Erp TGM, Gur RC, Nickl-Jockschat T. An overlapping pattern of cerebral cortical thinning is associated with both positive symptoms and aggression in schizophrenia via the ENIGMA consortium. Psychol Med 2020; 50:2034-2045. [PMID: 31615588 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291719002149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Positive symptoms are a useful predictor of aggression in schizophrenia. Although a similar pattern of abnormal brain structures related to both positive symptoms and aggression has been reported, this observation has not yet been confirmed in a single sample. METHOD To study the association between positive symptoms and aggression in schizophrenia on a neurobiological level, a prospective meta-analytic approach was employed to analyze harmonized structural neuroimaging data from 10 research centers worldwide. We analyzed brain MRI scans from 902 individuals with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia and 952 healthy controls. RESULTS The result identified a widespread cortical thickness reduction in schizophrenia compared to their controls. Two separate meta-regression analyses revealed that a common pattern of reduced cortical gray matter thickness within the left lateral temporal lobe and right midcingulate cortex was significantly associated with both positive symptoms and aggression. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that positive symptoms such as formal thought disorder and auditory misperception, combined with cognitive impairments reflecting difficulties in deploying an adaptive control toward perceived threats, could escalate the likelihood of aggression in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yat Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain and Behavioral Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruben C Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain and Behavioral Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas Nickl-Jockschat
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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Crossley NA, Alliende LM, Ossandon T, Castañeda CP, González-Valderrama A, Undurraga J, Castro M, Guinjoan S, Díaz-Zuluaga AM, Pineda-Zapata JA, López-Jaramillo C, Reyes-Madrigal F, León-Ortíz P, de la Fuente-Sandoval C, Czepielewski LS, Gama CS, Zugman A, Gadelha A, Jackowski A, Bressan R. Imaging Social and Environmental Factors as Modulators of Brain Dysfunction: Time to Focus on Developing Non-Western Societies. Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging 2018; 4:8-15. [PMID: 30396768 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Social and environmental factors are known risk factors and modulators of mental health disorders. We here conducted a nonsystematic review of the neuroimaging literature studying the effects of poverty, urbanicity, and community violence, highlighting the opportunities of studying non-Western developing societies such as those in Latin America. Social and environmental factors in these communities are widespread and have a large magnitude, as well as an unequal distribution, providing a good opportunity for their characterization. Studying the effect of poverty in these settings could help to explore the brain effect of economic improvements, disentangle the effect of absolute and relative poverty, and characterize the modulating impact of poverty on the underlying biology of mental health disorders. Exploring urbanicity effects in highly unequal cities could help identify the specific factors that modulate this effect as well as examine a possible dose-response effect by studying megacities. Studying brain changes in those living among violence, which is particularly high in places such as Latin America, could help to characterize the interplay between brain predisposition and exposure to violence. Furthermore, exploring the brain in an adverse environment should shed light on the mechanisms underlying resilience. We finally provide examples of two methodological approaches that could contribute to this field, namely a big cohort study in the developing world and a consortium-based meta-analytic approach, and argue about the potential translational value of this research on the development of effective social policies and successful personalized medicine in disadvantaged societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas A Crossley
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Biomedical Imaging Center and Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurosciences, King's College London, United Kingdom.
| | - Luz Maria Alliende
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Ossandon
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Alfonso González-Valderrama
- Early Intervention Program, José Horwitz Psychiatric Institute, Santiago, Chile; School of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Undurraga
- Early Intervention Program, José Horwitz Psychiatric Institute, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Castro
- FLENI Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Salvador Guinjoan
- FLENI Foundation, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana M Díaz-Zuluaga
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Carlos López-Jaramillo
- Research Group in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Mood Disorders Program, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco Reyes-Madrigal
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo León-Ortíz
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Camilo de la Fuente-Sandoval
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Department, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Leticia Sanguinetti Czepielewski
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Clarissa S Gama
- Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Andre Zugman
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ary Gadelha
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea Jackowski
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Bressan
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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