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Mehdi-Schulz B, Zoboli O, Schürz C, Strenge E, Lima EM, Parajka J, Wang C, Zessner M, Schönhart M. The impacts of climate change on nitrogen losses to the environment in Austria: A dual model analysis across spatial and temporal scales to support policy decisions. Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170730. [PMID: 38331295 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
The amounts and pathways of reactive nitrogen (Nr) losses in Austria into the surface water, soil, and atmosphere were determined under four climate change scenarios for the period 2041-2070. Two nutrient models were used to undertake the analysis at two different scales. Firstly, a semi-empirical, conceptual model (MONERIS) was setup for Austria to calculate the overall annual Nr surpluses, categorise flows of Nr, and identify regional hotspots of Nr losses. Secondly, a physically based eco-hydrological model (SWAT) was setup in three agricultural catchments to determine the hydrological processes related to Nr transport and quantify the amounts transported by various pathways in cropland at a detailed spatial and temporal resolution. The agricultural N surplus calculations for Austria were revised and used as input data for both models. The MONERIS and SWAT simulated inorganic N loads transported into waterbodies are overall similar, with average differences for the subsurface inorganic N loads of ±3 kg ha-1 yr-1 and for surface inorganic N loads of +0.4 to -0.03 kg ha-1 yr-1. Crop level N losses under future climate scenarios was contingent upon the fertilizer type, the crop grown and its accumulated biomass, as well as the type of climate scenario (wet or dry). In the SWAT model, an examination of the sensitivity of the input data (climate data and parameter values) found the dominant contribution to the sensitivity of simulated monthly discharge was from the climate data (69 % to 98 %). For simulating N loads, the climate scenarios contributed 30 % to 89 % of the sensitivity. Simulating Nr flows under climate scenarios is policy relevant to assess critical areas of N losses and identify future N transport pathways. Using a dual-model approach saves on resources required to set up a complex, data intensive model at a large scale, and can focus on critical catchments in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bano Mehdi-Schulz
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ottavia Zoboli
- Institute of Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Schürz
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Department Computational Landscape Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eva Strenge
- Institute of Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Edberto Moura Lima
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cong Wang
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Department of Hydrology, Trier University, Behringstraße 21, 54296 Trier, Germany
| | - Matthias Zessner
- Institute of Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Schönhart
- Institute of Sustainable Economic Development, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstrasse 4, 1180 Vienna, Austria; Federal Institute of Agricultural Economics, Rural and Mountain Research, Dietrichgasse 27, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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Strenge E, Zoboli O, Mehdi-Schulz B, Parajka J, Schönhart M, Krampe J, Zessner M. Regional nitrogen budgets of agricultural production systems in Austria constrained by natural boundary conditions. J Environ Manage 2023; 347:119023. [PMID: 37816279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) budgets are valuable tools to increase the understanding of causalities between agricultural production and N emissions to support agri-environmental policy instruments. However, regional agricultural N budgets for an entire country covering all major N flows across sectors and environmental compartments, which also distinguish between different N forms, are largely lacking. This study comprehensively analyses regional differences in N budgets pertainting to agricultural production and consumption in the largely alpine and spatially heterogeneous country of Austria. A special focus is on the interconnections between regional agricultural production systems, N emissions, nitrogen use efficiencies (NUE), and natural boundary conditions. Seven regional and one national balance are undertaken via material flow analysis and are analysed with regards to losses into soils, water bodies and atmosphere. Further, NUE is calculated for two conceptual systems of plant and plant-livestock production. The results reveal major differences among regions, with significant implications for agri-environmental management. The high-alpine region, characterized by alpine pastures with a low livestock density, shows consequent low N inputs, the lowest area-specific N outputs and the most inefficient NUE. In contrast, the highest NUE is achieved in a lowland region specialized in arable farming with a low livestock density and a predominance of mineral fertilizer over manure application. In this region, the N surplus is almost as low as in the high-alpine region due to both significantly higher N inputs and outputs compared to the high-alpine region. Nevertheless, due to low precipitation levels, widespread exceedances of the nitrate target level concentration take place in the groundwater. The same issue arises in another non-alpine region characterized by arable farming and high livestock densities. Here, the highest N inputs, primarily via manure, result in the highest N surplus and related nitrate groundwater exceedances despite an acceptable NUE. These examples show that NUE alone is an insufficient target and that adapted criteria are needed for different regions to consider natural constraints and specific framework conditions. In a geographically heterogeneous country like Austria, the regional circumstances strongly define and limit the scope and the potential effectiveness of agricultural N management strategies. These aspects should be integrated into the design, assessment and implementation of agri-environmental programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Strenge
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ottavia Zoboli
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bano Mehdi-Schulz
- Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/222, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Schönhart
- Institute of Sustainable Economic Development, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jörg Krampe
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Zessner
- Institute for Water Quality and Resource Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040, Vienna, Austria
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3
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Vreugdenhil M, Széles B, Salinas JL, Strauß P, Oismueller M, Hogan P, Wagner W, Parajka J, Blöschl G. Non-linearity in event runoff generation in a small agricultural catchment. Hydrol Process 2022; 36:e14667. [PMID: 36247077 PMCID: PMC9543463 DOI: 10.1002/hyp.14667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of soil moisture and other controls in runoff generation is important for predicting runoff across scales. This paper aims to identify the degree of non-linearity of the relationship between event peak runoff and potential controls for different runoff generation mechanisms in a small agricultural catchment. The study is set in the 66 ha Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, Austria, where discharge was measured at the catchment outlet and for 11 sub-catchments or hillslopes with different runoff generation mechanisms. Peak runoff of 73 events was related to three potential controls: event precipitation, soil moisture and groundwater levels. The results suggest that the hillslopes dominated by ephemeral overland flow exhibit the most non-linear runoff generation behaviour for its controls; runoff is only generated above a threshold of 95% of the maximum soil moisture. Runoff generation through tile drains and in wetlands is more linear. The largest winter and spring events at the catchment outlet are caused by runoff from hillslopes with shallow flow paths (ephemeral overland flow and tile drainage mechanisms), while the largest summer events are caused by other hillslopes, those with deeper flow paths or with saturation areas throughout the year. Therefore, the response of the entire catchment is a mix of the various mechanisms, and the groundwater contribution makes the response more linear. The implications for hydrological modelling are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariette Vreugdenhil
- Research Group Remote Sensing, Department of Geodesy and GeoinformationTU WienViennaAustria
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Borbála Széles
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Resource ManagementTU WienViennaAustria
| | - José Luis Salinas
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Resource ManagementTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Peter Strauß
- Institute for Land and Water Management ResearchFederal Agency for Water ManagementPetzenkirchenAustria
| | | | - Patrick Hogan
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Resource ManagementTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Wolfgang Wagner
- Research Group Remote Sensing, Department of Geodesy and GeoinformationTU WienViennaAustria
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Resource ManagementTU WienViennaAustria
| | - Günter Blöschl
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsTU WienViennaAustria
- Institute for Hydrology and Water Resource ManagementTU WienViennaAustria
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Demeter K, Derx J, Komma J, Parajka J, Schijven J, Sommer R, Cervero-Aragó S, Lindner G, Zoufal-Hruza CM, Linke R, Savio D, Ixenmaier SK, Kirschner AKT, Kromp H, Blaschke AP, Farnleitner AH. Modelling the interplay of future changes and wastewater management measures on the microbiological river water quality considering safe drinking water production. Sci Total Environ 2021; 768:144278. [PMID: 33736313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rivers are important for drinking water supply worldwide. However, they are often impacted by pathogen discharges via wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and combined sewer overflows (CSO). To date, accurate predictions of the effects of future changes and pollution control measures on the microbiological water quality of rivers considering safe drinking water production are hindered due to the uncertainty of the pathogen source and transport variables. The aim of this study was to test an integrative approach for an improved understanding of these effects, i.e. climate change and population growth as well as enhanced treatment at WWTPs and/or prevention of CSOs. We applied a significantly extended version of QMRAcatch (v1.0 Python), a probabilistic-deterministic model that combines fate and transport modelling with quantitative microbial infection risk assessment. The impact of climatic changes until the period 2035-2049 was investigated by a conceptual semi-distributed hydrological model, based on regional climate model outputs. QMRAcatch was calibrated and validated using site- and source-specific data (human-associated genetic microbial source tracking marker and enterovirus). The study showed that the degree to which future changes affect drinking water safety strongly depends on the type and magnitude of faecal pollution sources and are thus highly site- and scenario-specific. For example, if the load of pathogens from WWTPs is reduced through enhanced treatment, climate-change driven increases in CSOs had a considerable impact. Preventing CSOs and installing enhanced treatment at the WWTPs together had the most significant positive effect. The simultaneous consideration of source apportionment and concentrations of reference pathogens, focusing on human-specific viruses (enterovirus, norovirus) and cross-comparison with bacterial and protozoan pathogens (Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium), was found crucial to quantify these effects. While demonstrated here for a large, wastewater-impacted river, the approach is applicable at other catchments and pollution sources. It allows assessing future changes and selecting suitable pollution control measures for long-term water safety planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Demeter
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering E166/5/3, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria; Center for Water Resource Systems E222, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Derx
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management E222/2, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jürgen Komma
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management E222/2, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management E222/2, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jack Schijven
- Department of Statistics, Informatics and Modelling, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, the Netherlands; Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Regina Sommer
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Silvia Cervero-Aragó
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard Lindner
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christa M Zoufal-Hruza
- Division of Hygiene, Municipal Department 39, City Administration Vienna, Rinnböckstraße 15/2, A-1110 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rita Linke
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering E166/5/3, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Domenico Savio
- Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, A-3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Simone K Ixenmaier
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering E166/5/3, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander K T Kirschner
- Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Kromp
- Vienna Water, City Administration Vienna, Grabnergasse 4-6, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred P Blaschke
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management E222/2, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas H Farnleitner
- Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering E166/5/3, TU Wien, Gumpendorferstraße 1a, A-1060 Vienna, Austria; Division Water Quality and Health, Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Microbiology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, A-3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria.
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5
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Széles B, Parajka J, Hogan P, Silasari R, Pavlin L, Strauss P, Blöschl G. The Added Value of Different Data Types for Calibrating and Testing a Hydrologic Model in a Small Catchment. Water Resour Res 2020; 56:e2019WR026153. [PMID: 33149373 PMCID: PMC7594447 DOI: 10.1029/2019wr026153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the added value of different data for calibrating a runoff model for small basins. The analysis was performed in the 66 ha Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, in Austria. An Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) type, spatially lumped hydrologic model was parameterized following two approaches. First, the model was calibrated using only runoff data. Second, a step-by-step approach was followed, where the modules of the model (snow, soil moisture, and runoff generation) were calibrated using measurements of runoff and model state variables and output fluxes. These measurements comprised laser-based measurements of precipitation, satellite and camera observations of snow, ultrasonic measurements of snow depth, eddy covariance measurements of evapotranspiration, time domain transmissometry-based soil moisture measurements, time-lapse photography of overland flow, and groundwater level measurements by piezometers. The two model parameterizations were evaluated on annual, seasonal, and daily time scales, in terms of how well they simulated snow, soil moisture, evapotranspiration, overland flow, storage change in the saturated zone, and runoff. Using the proposed step-by-step approach, the relative runoff volume errors in the calibration and validation periods were 0.00 and -0.01, the monthly Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.92 and 0.82, and the daily logarithmic Nash Sutcliffe efficiencies were 0.59 and 0.18, respectively. By using different sources of data besides runoff, the overall process consistency improved, compared to the case when only runoff was used for calibration. Soil moisture and evapotranspiration observations had the largest influence on simulated runoff, while the parameterization of the snow and runoff generation modules had a smaller influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Széles
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - J. Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - P. Hogan
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - R. Silasari
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - L. Pavlin
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - P. Strauss
- Federal Agency of Water ManagementInstitute for Land and Water Management ResearchPetzenkirchenAustria
| | - G. Blöschl
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
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Chen X, Parajka J, Széles B, Strauss P, Blöschl G. Spatial and temporal variability of event runoff characteristics in a small agricultural catchment. Hydrol Sci J 2020; 65:2185-2195. [PMID: 33633428 PMCID: PMC7872197 DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2020.1798451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the factors that control event runoff characteristics at the small catchment scale. The study area is the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, Lower Austria. Event runoff coefficient (Rc), recession time constant (Tc) and peak discharge (Qp) are estimated from hourly discharge and precipitation data for 298 events in the period 2013-2015. The results show that the Rc and their variability tend to be largest for the tile drainages (mean Rc = 0.09) and the main outlet (mean Rc = 0.08) showing larger Rc in January/February and smaller Rc in July/August. Tc does not vary much between the systems and tends to be largest at the main outlet (mean Tc = 6.5 h) and smallest for the tile drainages (mean Tc = 4.5 h). Groundwater levels explain the temporal variability of Rc and Tc more than soil moisture or precipitation, suggesting a role of shallow flow paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Centre for Water Resource Systems, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Centre for Water Resource Systems, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources
Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Borbála Széles
- Centre for Water Resource Systems, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Strauss
- Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Petzenkirchen, Austria
| | - Günter Blöschl
- Centre for Water Resource Systems, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources
Management, TU Wien, Vienna, Austria
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7
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Széles B, Broer M, Parajka J, Hogan P, Eder A, Strauss P, Blöschl G. Separation of Scales in Transpiration Effects on Low Flows: A Spatial Analysis in the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory. Water Resour Res 2018; 54:6168-6188. [PMID: 30449909 PMCID: PMC6221015 DOI: 10.1029/2017wr022037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to understand whether spatial differences in runoff generation mechanisms affect the magnitudes of diurnal streamflow fluctuations during low flow periods and which part of the catchment induces the diurnal streamflow signal. The spatiotemporal variability of the streamflow fluctuations observed at 12 locations in the 66-ha Hydrological Open Air Laboratory experimental catchment in Austria was explained by differences in the vegetation cover and runoff generation mechanisms. Almost a quarter of the volume associated with diurnal streamflow fluctuations at the catchment outlet was explained by transpiration from vegetation along the tributaries; more than three quarters was due to transpiration by the riparian forest along the main stream. The lag times between radiative forcing and evapotranspiration estimated by a solar radiation-driven model increased from 3 to 11 hr from spring to autumn. The recession time scales increased from 21 days in spring to 54 days in autumn. Observations and model simulations suggest that a separation of scales in transpiration effects on low flows exists both in time and space; that is, the diurnal streamflow fluctuations are induced by transpiration from the riparian vegetation, while most of the catchment evapotranspiration, such as evapotranspiration from the crop fields further away from the stream, do not influence the diurnal signal in streamflow.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Széles
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - M. Broer
- Umweltbundesamt, Environment Agency AustriaViennaAustria
| | - J. Parajka
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - P. Hogan
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - A. Eder
- Federal Agency of Water ManagementInstitute for Land and Water Management ResearchPetzenkirchenAustria
| | - P. Strauss
- Federal Agency of Water ManagementInstitute for Land and Water Management ResearchPetzenkirchenAustria
| | - G. Blöschl
- Centre for Water Resource SystemsVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
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Blöschl G, Blaschke AP, Haslinger K, Hofstätter M, Parajka J, Salinas J, Schöner W. Auswirkungen der Klimaänderung auf Österreichs Wasserwirtschaft – ein aktualisierter Statusbericht. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00506-018-0498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Blöschl G, Hall J, Parajka J, Perdigão RAP, Merz B, Arheimer B, Aronica GT, Bilibashi A, Bonacci O, Borga M, Čanjevac I, Castellarin A, Chirico GB, Claps P, Fiala K, Frolova N, Gorbachova L, Gül A, Hannaford J, Harrigan S, Kireeva M, Kiss A, Kjeldsen TR, Kohnová S, Koskela JJ, Ledvinka O, Macdonald N, Mavrova-Guirguinova M, Mediero L, Merz R, Molnar P, Montanari A, Murphy C, Osuch M, Ovcharuk V, Radevski I, Rogger M, Salinas JL, Sauquet E, Šraj M, Szolgay J, Viglione A, Volpi E, Wilson D, Zaimi K, Živković N. Changing climate shifts timing of European floods. Science 2017; 357:588-590. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aan2506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Rogger M, Agnoletti M, Alaoui A, Bathurst JC, Bodner G, Borga M, Chaplot V, Gallart F, Glatzel G, Hall J, Holden J, Holko L, Horn R, Kiss A, Kohnová S, Leitinger G, Lennartz B, Parajka J, Perdigão R, Peth S, Plavcová L, Quinton JN, Robinson M, Salinas JL, Santoro A, Szolgay J, Tron S, van den Akker JJH, Viglione A, Blöschl G. Land use change impacts on floods at the catchment scale: Challenges and opportunities for future research. Water Resour Res 2017; 53:5209-5219. [PMID: 28919651 PMCID: PMC5575485 DOI: 10.1002/2017wr020723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Research gaps in understanding flood changes at the catchment scale caused by changes in forest management, agricultural practices, artificial drainage, and terracing are identified. Potential strategies in addressing these gaps are proposed, such as complex systems approaches to link processes across time scales, long-term experiments on physical-chemical-biological process interactions, and a focus on connectivity and patterns across spatial scales. It is suggested that these strategies will stimulate new research that coherently addresses the issues across hydrology, soil and agricultural sciences, forest engineering, forest ecology, and geomorphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rogger
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - M. Agnoletti
- Laboratory for Landscape and Cultural Heritage (CultLab), Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems (GESAAF)University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | | | - J. C. Bathurst
- School of Civil Engineering and GeosciencesNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - G. Bodner
- Division of Agronomy, Department of Crop SciencesUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesTullnAustria
| | - M. Borga
- Department of Land, Environment, Agriculture and ForestryUniversity of PadovaPaduaItaly
| | - V. Chaplot
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat (LOCEAN, UMR 7159 CNRS/IRD/UPMC/MNHN)ParisFrance
| | | | - G. Glatzel
- Professor Emeritus, Institute of Forest EcologyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life SciencesViennaAustria
| | - J. Hall
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - J. Holden
- water@leeds, School of GeographyUniversity of LeedsLeedsUK
| | - L. Holko
- Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
| | - R. Horn
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Christian Albrechts Universität zu KielKielGermany
| | - A. Kiss
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - S. Kohnová
- Department of Land and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Civil EngineeringSlovak University of Technology in BratislavaBratislavaSlovakia
| | - G. Leitinger
- Institute of Ecology, University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - B. Lennartz
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesRostock UniversityRostockGermany
| | - J. Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - R. Perdigão
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - S. Peth
- Department of Soil ScienceUniversity of KasselKasselGermany
| | - L. Plavcová
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Hradec KrálovéHradec KrálovéCzech Republic
| | - J. N. Quinton
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster UniversityLancasterUK
| | - M. Robinson
- Centre for Ecology and HydrologyWallingfordUK
| | - J. L. Salinas
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - A. Santoro
- Laboratory for Landscape and Cultural Heritage (CultLab), Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Systems (GESAAF)University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly
| | - J. Szolgay
- Department of Land and Water Resources Management, Faculty of Civil EngineeringSlovak University of Technology in BratislavaBratislavaSlovakia
| | - S. Tron
- Computational Science Center, University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - J. J. H. van den Akker
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and ResearchWageningenNetherlands
| | - A. Viglione
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
| | - G. Blöschl
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources ManagementVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
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11
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Krajči P, Kirnbauer R, Parajka J, Schöber J, Blöschl G. The Kühtai data set: 25 years of lysimetric, snow pillow, and meteorological measurements. Water Resour Res 2017; 53:5158-5165. [PMID: 28931957 PMCID: PMC5575548 DOI: 10.1002/2017wr020445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Snow measurements at the Kühtai station in Tirol, Austria, (1920 m.a.s.l.) are described. The data set includes snow water equivalent from a 10 m2 snow pillow, snow melt outflow from a 10 m2 snow lysimeter placed at the same location as the pillow, meteorological data (precipitation, incoming shortwave radiation, reflected shortwave radiation, air temperature, relative air humidity, and wind speed), and other data (snow depths, snow temperatures at seven heights) from the period October 1990 to May 2015. All data have been quality checked, and gaps in the meteorological data have been filled in. The data set is unique in that all data are available at a temporal resolution of 15 min over a period of 25 years with minimal changes in the experimental setup. The data set can therefore be used to analyze snow pack processes over a long-time period, including their extremes and long-term changes, in an Alpine climate. Analyses may benefit from the combined measurement of snow water equivalent, lysimeter outflow, and precipitation at a wind-sheltered alpine site. An example use of data shows the temporal variability of daily and 1 April snow water equivalent observed at the Kühtai site. The results indicate that the snow water equivalent maximum varies between 200 and more than 500 mm w.e., but there is no statistically significant temporal trend in the period 1990-2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Krajči
- Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of SciencesLiptovsky MikulasSlovakia
- Avalanche Prevention Centre, Mountain Rescue ServiceLiptovský HrádokSlovakia
| | - R. Kirnbauer
- Institute for Hydraulic and Water Resources EngineeringTU Wien, ViennaAustria
| | - J. Parajka
- Institute for Hydraulic and Water Resources EngineeringTU Wien, ViennaAustria
| | - J. Schöber
- TIWAG‐Tiroler Wasserkraft AG, Hydropower planning departmentInnsbruckAustria
| | - G. Blöschl
- Institute for Hydraulic and Water Resources EngineeringTU Wien, ViennaAustria
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12
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Zessner M, Schönhart M, Parajka J, Trautvetter H, Mitter H, Kirchner M, Hepp G, Blaschke AP, Strenn B, Schmid E. A novel integrated modelling framework to assess the impacts of climate and socio-economic drivers on land use and water quality. Sci Total Environ 2017; 579:1137-1151. [PMID: 27908625 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Changes in climatic conditions will directly affect the quality and quantity of water resources. Further on, they will affect them indirectly through adaptation in land use which ultimately influences diffuse nutrient emissions to rivers and therefore potentially the compliance with good ecological status according to the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD). We present an integrated impact modelling framework (IIMF) to track and quantify direct and indirect pollution impacts along policy-economy-climate-agriculture-water interfaces. The IIMF is applied to assess impacts of climatic and socio-economic drivers on agricultural land use (crop choices, farming practices and fertilization levels), river flows and the risk for exceedance of environmental quality standards for determination of the ecological water quality status in Austria. This article also presents model interfaces as well as validation procedures and results of single models and the IIMF with respect to observed state variables such as land use, river flow and nutrient river loads. The performance of the IIMF for calculations of river nutrient loads (120 monitoring stations) shows a Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency of 0.73 for nitrogen and 0.51 for phosphorus. Most problematic is the modelling of phosphorus loads in the alpine catchments dominated by forests and mountainous landscape. About 63% of these catchments show a deviation between modelled and observed loads of 30% and more. In catchments dominated by agricultural production, the performance of the IIMF is much better as only 30% of cropland and 23% of permanent grassland dominated areas have a deviation of >30% between modelled and observed loads. As risk of exceedance of environmental quality standards is mainly recognized in catchments dominated by cropland, the IIMF is well suited for assessing the nutrient component of the WFD ecological status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Zessner
- Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Schönhart
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/222, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Helene Trautvetter
- Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermine Mitter
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Kirchner
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerold Hepp
- Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred Paul Blaschke
- Institute for Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/222, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Strenn
- Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management, TU Wien, Karlsplatz 13/226, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Schmid
- Institute for Sustainable Economic Development, BOKU University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Feistmantelstraße 4, 1180 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Viglione A, Merz B, Viet Dung N, Parajka J, Nester T, Blöschl G. Attribution of regional flood changes based on scaling fingerprints. Water Resour Res 2016; 52:5322-5340. [PMID: 27609996 PMCID: PMC4996342 DOI: 10.1002/2016wr019036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the river flood regime may be due to atmospheric processes (e.g., increasing precipitation), catchment processes (e.g., soil compaction associated with land use change), and river system processes (e.g., loss of retention volume in the floodplains). This paper proposes a new framework for attributing flood changes to these drivers based on a regional analysis. We exploit the scaling characteristics (i.e., fingerprints) with catchment area of the effects of the drivers on flood changes. The estimation of their relative contributions is framed in Bayesian terms. Analysis of a synthetic, controlled case suggests that the accuracy of the regional attribution increases with increasing number of sites and record lengths, decreases with increasing regional heterogeneity, increases with increasing difference of the scaling fingerprints, and decreases with an increase of their prior uncertainty. The applicability of the framework is illustrated for a case study set in Austria, where positive flood trends have been observed at many sites in the past decades. The individual scaling fingerprints related to the atmospheric, catchment, and river system processes are estimated from rainfall data and simple hydrological modeling. Although the distributions of the contributions are rather wide, the attribution identifies precipitation change as the main driver of flood change in the study region. Overall, it is suggested that the extension from local attribution to a regional framework, including multiple drivers and explicit estimation of uncertainty, could constitute a similar shift in flood change attribution as the extension from local to regional flood frequency analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Viglione
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Bruno Merz
- Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
| | - Nguyen Viet Dung
- Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences Potsdam Germany
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Nester
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Günter Blöschl
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
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14
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Blöschl G, Gaál L, Hall J, Kiss A, Komma J, Nester T, Parajka J, Perdigão RAP, Plavcová L, Rogger M, Salinas JL, Viglione A. Increasing river floods: fiction or reality? WIREs Water 2015; 2:329-344. [PMID: 27547401 PMCID: PMC4974901 DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
There has been a surprisingly large number of major floods in the last years around the world, which suggests that floods may have increased and will continue to increase in the next decades. However, the realism of such changes is still hotly discussed in the literature. This overview article examines whether floods have changed in the past and explores the driving processes of such changes in the atmosphere, the catchments and the river system based on examples from Europe. Methods are reviewed for assessing whether floods may increase in the future. Accounting for feedbacks within the human-water system is important when assessing flood changes over lead times of decades or centuries. It is argued that an integrated flood risk management approach is needed for dealing with future flood risk with a focus on reducing the vulnerability of the societal system. WIREs Water 2015, 2:329-344. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1079 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günter Blöschl
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Ladislav Gaál
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Julia Hall
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Andrea Kiss
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Jürgen Komma
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Thomas Nester
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Rui A P Perdigão
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Lenka Plavcová
- Institute for Systematic Botany and Ecology Ulm University Ulm Germany
| | - Magdalena Rogger
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - José Luis Salinas
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
| | - Alberto Viglione
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management Vienna University of Technology Vienna Austria
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15
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Savio D, Sinclair L, Ijaz UZ, Parajka J, Reischer GH, Stadler P, Blaschke AP, Blöschl G, Mach RL, Kirschner AKT, Farnleitner AH, Eiler A. Bacterial diversity along a 2600 km river continuum. Environ Microbiol 2015; 17:4994-5007. [PMID: 25922985 PMCID: PMC4918796 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The bacterioplankton diversity in large rivers has thus far been under‐sampled despite the importance of streams and rivers as components of continental landscapes. Here, we present a comprehensive dataset detailing the bacterioplankton diversity along the midstream of the Danube River and its tributaries. Using 16S rRNA‐gene amplicon sequencing, our analysis revealed that bacterial richness and evenness gradually declined downriver in both the free‐living and particle‐associated bacterial communities. These shifts were also supported by beta diversity analysis, where the effects of tributaries were negligible in regards to the overall variation. In addition, the river was largely dominated by bacteria that are commonly observed in freshwaters. Dominated by the acI lineage, the freshwater SAR11 (LD12) and the Polynucleobacter group, typical freshwater taxa increased in proportion downriver and were accompanied by a decrease in soil and groundwater‐affiliated bacteria. Based on views of the meta‐community and River Continuum Concept, we interpret the observed taxonomic patterns and accompanying changes in alpha and beta diversity with the intention of laying the foundation for a unified concept for river bacterioplankton diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Savio
- Centre for Water Resource Systems (CWRS), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lucas Sinclair
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Umer Z Ijaz
- School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Juraj Parajka
- Centre for Water Resource Systems (CWRS), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resource Management, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg H Reischer
- Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Stadler
- Centre for Water Resource Systems (CWRS), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Water Quality, Resource and Waste Management, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alfred P Blaschke
- Centre for Water Resource Systems (CWRS), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resource Management, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Günter Blöschl
- Centre for Water Resource Systems (CWRS), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resource Management, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert L Mach
- Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander K T Kirschner
- Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute for Hygiene and Applied Immunology, Water Hygiene, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas H Farnleitner
- Centre for Water Resource Systems (CWRS), Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Research Group Environmental Microbiology and Molecular Ecology, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria.,Interuniversity Cooperation Centre Water and Health, www.waterandhealth.at, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Eiler
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Limnology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Blöschl G, Viglione A, Merz R, Parajka J, Salinas JL, Schöner W. Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Hochwasser und Niederwasser. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00506-010-0269-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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17
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Parajka J, Dadson S, Lafon T, Essery R. Evaluation of snow cover and depth simulated by a land surface model using detailed regional snow observations from Austria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Parajka
- Institute for Hydraulic and Water Resources Engineering; Vienna University of Technology; Vienna Austria
| | - Simon Dadson
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology; Wallingford UK
| | - Thomas Lafon
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology; Wallingford UK
| | - Richard Essery
- School of GeoSciences; University of Edinburgh; Edinburgh UK
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18
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Parajka J, Kohnová S, Bálint G, Barbuc M, Borga M, Claps P, Cheval S, Dumitrescu A, Gaume E, Hlavčová K, Merz R, Pfaundler M, Stancalie G, Szolgay J, Blöschl G. Seasonal characteristics of flood regimes across the Alpine-Carpathian range. J Hydrol (Amst) 2010; 394:78-89. [PMID: 25067854 PMCID: PMC4106690 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyse the differences in the long-term regimes of extreme precipitation and floods across the Alpine-Carpathian range using seasonality indices and atmospheric circulation patterns to understand the main flood-producing processes. This is supported by cluster analyses to identify areas of similar flood processes, both in terms of precipitation forcing and catchment processes. The results allow to isolate regions of similar flood generation processes including southerly versus westerly circulation patterns, effects of soil moisture seasonality due to evaporation and effects of soil moisture seasonality due to snow melt. In many regions of the Alpine-Carpathian range, there is a distinct shift in flood generating processes with flood magnitude as evidenced by a shift from summer to autumn floods. It is argued that the synoptic approach proposed here is valuable in both flood analysis and flood estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Parajka
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/222, A1040 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Hydrology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/222, A1040 Vienna, Austria. Tel.: +43 1 58 801/223 11; fax: +43 1 58 801/223 99.
| | - S. Kohnová
- Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - G. Bálint
- VITUKI Environmental Protection and Water Management Institute, Kvassay út 1., H-1095 Budapest, Hungary
| | - M. Barbuc
- Dynamic and Experimental, Hydrology Department, P.C. 013686 P.B. 18, Sos. Bucuresti-Ploiesti 97, Bucharest, Romania
| | - M. Borga
- Department of Land and Agroforest Environments, University of Padova, AGRIPOLIS, via dell’Università 16, Legnaro (PD) IT-35020, Italy
| | - P. Claps
- Dipartimento di Idraulica, Trasporti e Infrastrutture Civili (DITIC), Politecnico di Torino, C.so Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - S. Cheval
- National Meteorological Administration 97, Soseaua Bucuresti-Ploiesti, 013686 Bucharest, Romania
| | - A. Dumitrescu
- National Meteorological Administration 97, Soseaua Bucuresti-Ploiesti, 013686 Bucharest, Romania
| | - E. Gaume
- Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées, BP 4129, 44341 Bouguenais Cedex, France
| | - K. Hlavčová
- Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - R. Merz
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/222, A1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - M. Pfaundler
- Sektion Gewässerbewirtschaftung Abt. Wasser, Papiermühlestrasse 172, CH-3063 Ittigen, Switzerland
| | - G. Stancalie
- National Meteorological Administration 97, Soseaua Bucuresti-Ploiesti, 013686 Bucharest, Romania
| | - J. Szolgay
- Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 11, 813 68 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - G. Blöschl
- Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management, Vienna University of Technology, Karlsplatz 13/222, A1040 Vienna, Austria
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