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Wang H, Chang TS, Dombroski BA, Cheng PL, Si YQ, Tucci A, Patil V, Valiente-Banuet L, Farrell K, Mclean C, Molina-Porcel L, Alex R, Paul De Deyn P, Le Bastard N, Gearing M, Donker Kaat L, Van Swieten JC, Dopper E, Ghetti BF, Newell KL, Troakes C, G de Yébenes J, Rábano-Gutierrez A, Meller T, Oertel WH, Respondek G, Stamelou M, Arzberger T, Roeber S, Müller U, Hopfner F, Pastor P, Brice A, Durr A, Ber IL, Beach TG, Serrano GE, Hazrati LN, Litvan I, Rademakers R, Ross OA, Galasko D, Boxer AL, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Van Deerlin VM, Lee EB, White CL, Morris HR, de Silva R, Crary JF, Goate AM, Friedman JS, Leung YY, Coppola G, Naj AC, Wang LS, Dickson DW, Höglinger GU, Tzeng JY, Geschwind DH, Schellenberg GD, Lee WP. Association of Structural Forms of 17q21.31 with the Risk of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and MAPT Sub-haplotypes. medRxiv 2024:2024.02.26.24303379. [PMID: 38464214 PMCID: PMC10925353 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.26.24303379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Importance The chromosome 17q21.31 region, containing a 900 Kb inversion that defines H1 and H2 haplotypes, represents the strongest genetic risk locus in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). In addition to H1 and H2, various structural forms of 17q21.31, characterized by the copy number of α, β, and γ duplications, have been identified. However, the specific effect of each structural form on the risk of PSP has never been evaluated in a large cohort study. Objective To assess the association of different structural forms of 17q.21.31, defined by the copy numbers of α, β, and γ duplications, with the risk of PSP and MAPT sub-haplotypes. Design setting and participants Utilizing whole genome sequencing data of 1,684 (1,386 autopsy confirmed) individuals with PSP and 2,392 control subjects, a case-control study was conducted to investigate the association of copy numbers of α, β, and γ duplications and structural forms of 17q21.31 with the risk of PSP. All study subjects were selected from the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP) Umbrella NG00067.v7. Data were analyzed between March 2022 and November 2023. Main outcomes and measures The main outcomes were the risk (odds ratios [ORs]) for PSP with 95% CIs. Risks for PSP were evaluated by logistic regression models. Results The copy numbers of α and β were associated with the risk of PSP only due to their correlation with H1 and H2, while the copy number of γ was independently associated with the increased risk of PSP. Each additional duplication of γ was associated with 1.10 (95% CI, 1.04-1.17; P = 0.0018) fold of increased risk of PSP when conditioning H1 and H2. For the H1 haplotype, addition γ duplications displayed a higher odds ratio for PSP: the odds ratio increases from 1.21 (95%CI 1.10-1.33, P = 5.47 × 10-5) for H1β1γ1 to 1.29 (95%CI 1.16-1.43, P = 1.35 × 10-6) for H1β1γ2, 1.45 (95%CI 1.27-1.65, P = 3.94 × 10-8) for H1β1γ3, and 1.57 (95%CI 1.10-2.26, P = 1.35 × 10-2) for H1β1γ4. Moreover, H1β1γ3 is in linkage disequilibrium with H1c (R2 = 0.31), a widely recognized MAPT sub-haplotype associated with increased risk of PSP. The proportion of MAPT sub-haplotypes associated with increased risk of PSP (i.e., H1c, H1d, H1g, H1o, and H1h) increased from 34% in H1β1γ1 to 77% in H1β1γ4. Conclusions and relevance This study revealed that the copy number of γ was associated with the risk of PSP independently from H1 and H2. The H1 haplotype with more γ duplications showed a higher odds ratio for PSP and were associated with MAPT sub-haplotypes with increased risk of PSP. These findings expand our understanding of how the complex structure at 17q21.31 affect the risk of PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy S Chang
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Po-Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ya-Qin Si
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, NC, USA
| | - Albert Tucci
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, NC, USA
| | - Vishakha Patil
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leopoldo Valiente-Banuet
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Nash Family, Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Friedman Brain, Institute, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catriona Mclean
- Victorian Brain Bank, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders unit. Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Fundació Recerca Clínic Barcelona (FRCB). Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rajput Alex
- Movement Disorders Program, Division of Neurology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Peter Paul De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Unit, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Elise Dopper
- Netherlands Brain Bank and Erasmus University, Netherlands
| | - Bernardino F Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Claire Troakes
- London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, King’s College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alberto Rábano-Gutierrez
- Fundación CIEN (Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Neurológicas) - Centro Alzheimer Fundación Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tina Meller
- Department of Neurology, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Gesine Respondek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson’s disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
- European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Franziska Hopfner
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurosciences, The Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute – Institut du Cerveau – ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute – Institut du Cerveau – ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute – Institut du Cerveau – ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Willian W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles L White
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Huw R Morris
- Departmento of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Nash Family, Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer’s Disease, Friedman Brain, Institute, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Friedman
- Friedman Bioventure, Inc., Del Mar, CA, USA: Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuk Yee Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Jung-Ying Tzeng
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, NC, USA
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, NC, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wan-Ping Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wang H, Chang TS, Dombroski BA, Cheng PL, Patil V, Valiente-Banuet L, Farrell K, Mclean C, Molina-Porcel L, Rajput A, De Deyn PP, Bastard NL, Gearing M, Kaat LD, Swieten JCV, Dopper E, Ghetti BF, Newell KL, Troakes C, de Yébenes JG, Rábano-Gutierrez A, Meller T, Oertel WH, Respondek G, Stamelou M, Arzberger T, Roeber S, Müller U, Hopfner F, Pastor P, Brice A, Durr A, Ber IL, Beach TG, Serrano GE, Hazrati LN, Litvan I, Rademakers R, Ross OA, Galasko D, Boxer AL, Miller BL, Seeley WW, Deerlin VMV, Lee EB, White CL, Morris H, de Silva R, Crary JF, Goate AM, Friedman JS, Leung YY, Coppola G, Naj AC, Wang LS, Dickson DW, Höglinger GU, Schellenberg GD, Geschwind DH, Lee WP. Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Reveals New Susceptibility Loci and Structural Variants Associated with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. medRxiv 2024:2023.12.28.23300612. [PMID: 38234807 PMCID: PMC10793533 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.28.23300612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Background Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of aggregated tau proteins in astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendrocytes. Previous genome-wide association studies for PSP were based on genotype array, therefore, were inadequate for the analysis of rare variants as well as larger mutations, such as small insertions/deletions (indels) and structural variants (SVs). Method In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) and conducted association analysis for single nucleotide variants (SNVs), indels, and SVs, in a cohort of 1,718 cases and 2,944 controls of European ancestry. Of the 1,718 PSP individuals, 1,441 were autopsy-confirmed and 277 were clinically diagnosed. Results Our analysis of common SNVs and indels confirmed known genetic loci at MAPT, MOBP, STX6, SLCO1A2, DUSP10, and SP1, and further uncovered novel signals in APOE, FCHO1/MAP1S, KIF13A, TRIM24, TNXB, and ELOVL1. Notably, in contrast to Alzheimer's disease (AD), we observed the APOE ε2 allele to be the risk allele in PSP. Analysis of rare SNVs and indels identified significant association in ZNF592 and further gene network analysis identified a module of neuronal genes dysregulated in PSP. Moreover, seven common SVs associated with PSP were observed in the H1/H2 haplotype region (17q21.31) and other loci, including IGH, PCMT1, CYP2A13, and SMCP. In the H1/H2 haplotype region, there is a burden of rare deletions and duplications (P = 6.73×10-3) in PSP. Conclusions Through WGS, we significantly enhanced our understanding of the genetic basis of PSP, providing new targets for exploring disease mechanisms and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Timothy S Chang
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth A Dombroski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Po-Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vishakha Patil
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Leopoldo Valiente-Banuet
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kurt Farrell
- Department of Pathology, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Nash Family, Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain, Institute, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catriona Mclean
- Victorian Brain Bank, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer's disease and other cognitive disorders unit. Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, Fundació Recerca Clínic Barcelona (FRCB). Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank of the Biobanc-Hospital Clínic-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Rajput
- Movement Disorders Program, Division of Neurology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Peter Paul De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Experimental Neurobiology Unit, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Elise Dopper
- Netherlands Brain Bank and Erasmus University, Netherlands
| | - Bernardino F Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kathy L Newell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Claire Troakes
- London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alberto Rábano-Gutierrez
- Fundación CIEN (Centro de Investigación de Enfermedades Neurológicas) - Centro Alzheimer Fundación Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tina Meller
- Department of Neurology, Philipps-Universität, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Gesine Respondek
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Maria Stamelou
- Parkinson's disease and Movement Disorders Department, HYGEIA Hospital, Athens, Greece
- European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Thomas Arzberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Franziska Hopfner
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Pau Pastor
- Unit of Neurodegenerative diseases, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
- Neurosciences, The Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP) Badalona, Badalona, Spain
| | - Alexis Brice
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Durr
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Le Ber
- Sorbonne Université, Paris Brain Institute - Institut du Cerveau - ICM, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, APHP - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Irene Litvan
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Douglas Galasko
- Department of Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Adam L Boxer
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Willian W Seeley
- Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vivanna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Edward B Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Charles L White
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Huw Morris
- Departmento of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Rohan de Silva
- Reta Lila Weston Institute, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John F Crary
- Department of Pathology, Department of Artificial Intelligence & Human Health, Nash Family, Department of Neuroscience, Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Friedman Brain, Institute, Neuropathology Brain Bank & Research CoRE, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA; Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Friedman
- Friedman Bioventure, Inc., Del Mar, CA, USA; Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuk Yee Leung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Giovanni Coppola
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Günter U Höglinger
- Department of Neurology, LMU University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Movement Disorders Programs, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute of Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wan-Ping Lee
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is the second most common cause of parkinsonism after idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD). Initially reported as a complication of antipsychotics, it was later recognized as a common complication of antidepressants, calcium channel antagonists, gastrointestinal prokinetics, antiepileptic drugs and many other compounds. Despite being a major health problem in certain populations, it seems to be frequently overlooked by the medical community. AREAS COVERED This paper approaches the concept of DIP, reviews its epidemiology, clinical features and ancillary tests recommended for a correct diagnosis. The authors discuss the different drugs and its pathogenic mechanisms. The relevance of an early recognition and recommendations for a correct management are commented. EXPERT OPINION Prescribers need to remain vigilant for DIP, particularly in the elderly, patients taking multiple drugs and those with genetic risk factors involved in iPD. Cessation of the causing agent is the main treatment and there is no evidence of benefit for the use of anticholinergics or levodopa. If the medication cannot be withdrawn, it should be switched to agents with a lower risk of DIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- José López-Sendón
- Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Servicio de Neurología, CIBERNED, Ctra de Colmenar Km 9,100, Madrid, 28034, Spain
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López-Sendón JL, Royuela A, Trigo P, Orth M, Lange H, Reilmann R, Keylock J, Rickards H, Piacentini S, Squitieri F, Landwehrmeyer B, Witjes-Ane MN, Jurgens CK, Roos RAC, Abraira V, de Yébenes JG. What is the impact of education on Huntington's disease? Mov Disord 2011; 26:1489-95. [PMID: 21432905 DOI: 10.1002/mds.23385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 07/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a cytosine adenosine guanine (CAG) expansion in the huntingtin gene. The length of the triplet repeat is the most important factor in determining age of onset and the severity of the disease, but substantial variability of these parameters is attributed to other factors. To investigate the relationship between the years of education and the age at onset and the severity of the phenotype in patients with HD, we applied multiple linear regression analysis to examine the impact of education on the age at onset and the severity of the clinical scores assessed by the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) of 891 patients with HD from the multinational observational study "Registry" conducted by the European Huntintgton's Disease Network. The model was adjusted for CAG repeat length and age at the time of assessment. Patients with lengthier education exhibited earlier estimated age at onset but less severe clinical scores (motor = -3.6, P = 0.006; cognitive = 27.0, P < 0.001; behavioral = -3.0, P < 0.001; and functional capacity = 1.1 points, P < 0.001) than those with shorter education, after controlling for age and number of CAG repeats. These differences persisted throughout all quartiles of disease severity. An earlier recognition of symptoms and manifestations among the more educated patients could explain the earlier estimated age at onset in this group. The link between better clinical UHDRS scores and higher education might reflect a beneficial effect of education or its covariates on the course of HD.
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Blázquez C, Chiarlone A, Sagredo O, Aguado T, Pazos MR, Resel E, Palazuelos J, Julien B, Salazar M, Börner C, Benito C, Carrasco C, Diez-Zaera M, Paoletti P, Díaz-Hernández M, Ruiz C, Sendtner M, Lucas JJ, de Yébenes JG, Marsicano G, Monory K, Lutz B, Romero J, Alberch J, Ginés S, Kraus J, Fernández-Ruiz J, Galve-Roperh I, Guzmán M. Loss of striatal type 1 cannabinoid receptors is a key pathogenic factor in Huntington's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 134:119-36. [PMID: 20929960 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awq278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Endocannabinoids act as neuromodulatory and neuroprotective cues by engaging type 1 cannabinoid receptors. These receptors are highly abundant in the basal ganglia and play a pivotal role in the control of motor behaviour. An early downregulation of type 1 cannabinoid receptors has been documented in the basal ganglia of patients with Huntington's disease and animal models. However, the pathophysiological impact of this loss of receptors in Huntington's disease is as yet unknown. Here, we generated a double-mutant mouse model that expresses human mutant huntingtin exon 1 in a type 1 cannabinoid receptor-null background, and found that receptor deletion aggravates the symptoms, neuropathology and molecular pathology of the disease. Moreover, pharmacological administration of the cannabinoid Δ(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol to mice expressing human mutant huntingtin exon 1 exerted a therapeutic effect and ameliorated those parameters. Experiments conducted in striatal cells show that the mutant huntingtin-dependent downregulation of the receptors involves the control of the type 1 cannabinoid receptor gene promoter by repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor and sensitizes cells to excitotoxic damage. We also provide in vitro and in vivo evidence that supports type 1 cannabinoid receptor control of striatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and the decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels concomitant with type 1 cannabinoid receptor loss, which may contribute significantly to striatal damage in Huntington's disease. Altogether, these results support the notion that downregulation of type 1 cannabinoid receptors is a key pathogenic event in Huntington's disease, and suggest that activation of these receptors in patients with Huntington's disease may attenuate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Blázquez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Huntington’s Disease and Ataxias Collaborative Project, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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6
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García-Escudero V, García-Gómez A, Gargini R, Martín-Bermejo MJ, Langa E, de Yébenes JG, Delicado A, Avila J, Moreno-Flores MT, Lim F. Prevention of senescence progression in reversibly immortalized human ensheathing glia permits their survival after deimmortalization. Mol Ther 2009; 18:394-403. [PMID: 19935779 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2009.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversible immortalization holds great potential for primary tissue expansion to develop cell-based therapies as well as for basic research. Human olfactory ensheathing glia (hOEG) are promising candidates for treating spinal cord injury and for studying extrinsic neuroregenerative mechanisms. We used lentivectors with Cre/loxP technology to achieve reversible gene transfer of BMI1, SV40 large T antigen (TAg), a short hairpin RNA against p53 (shp53), and the catalytic subunit of telomerase (TERT) in primary cultures of hOEG from human donor cadaver olfactory bulbs. Several combinations of these genes were able to immortalize hOEG, conserving their antigenic markers and neuroregenerative properties but only those transduced by BMI1/TERT did not accumulate karyotypic alterations or increase senescence marker levels. Strikingly, these were also the only cells which continued to proliferate after transgene removal by Cre recombinase delivery, whereas hOEG immortalized by shp53 or TAg in combination with TERT entered into growth arrest and died. These data support the idea that immortalization and halting senescent changes are separate processes; hOEG immortalized by BMI1/TERT can revert back to their former primary cell replicative state when deimmortalized, whereas those transduced by the other combinations depend on the presence of these transgenes to maintain their aberrant proliferative state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vega García-Escudero
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Dietrich MO, Spuch C, Antequera D, Rodal I, de Yébenes JG, Molina JA, Bermejo F, Carro E. Megalin mediates the transport of leptin across the blood-CSF barrier. Neurobiol Aging 2007; 29:902-12. [PMID: 17324488 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2007.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/13/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Leptin, a peptide hormone secreted by adipose tissue, exhibits a large range of central and peripheral actions. It has been proposed that the participation of leptin in diseases such as obesity is due to, at least in part, its impaired transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Since, the mechanisms by which brain takes up leptin remain unclear, we set out to study how leptin may cross the BBB. We have used different immunoassays and lentiviral vectors to analyze the role of megalin in the transport of leptin in rodents and humans. We demonstrate that circulating leptin is transported into the brain by binding to megalin at the choroid plexus epithelium. Indeed, the downregulation of megalin expression in physiological and pathological situations such as aging and Alzheimer's disease was correlated with poor entry of leptin into the brain. Moreover, amyloid beta (Abeta) deposits of choroid plexus could be disturbing megalin function. The present data indicate that leptin represents a novel megalin ligand of importance in the levels and therapeutic actions of leptin into the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo O Dietrich
- Department of Biochemistry, ICBS, University Federal do Rio Grande de Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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8
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Abstract
Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is the second cause of akinetic rigid syndrome in the Western world and its prevalence is increasing and approaching that of idiopathic Parkinson's disease due to the ageing of the population and to the rising of polypharmacotherapy. DIP was initially reported as a complication of neuroleptics in psychiatric patients, but it has also been described with a great diversity of compounds such as antiemetics, drugs used for the treatment of vertigo, antidepressants, calcium channel antagonists, antiarrythmics, antiepileptics, cholinomimetics and other drugs. Although traditionally considered reversible, DIP may persist after drug withdrawal. At least 10% of patients with DIP develop persistent and progressive parkinsonism in spite of the discontinuation of the causative drug. Irreversible or progressive DIP has been considered as an indication of presymptomatic parkinsonian deficit, unmasked but not caused by the offending drug, but it could be explained by persistent toxicity of the responsible pharmacological agents on the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway. The best treatment of DIP is prevention, including the avoidance of prescription of causative drugs whenever it is not strictly necessary. In patients who require potentially risky medication, it is necessary to perform adequate monitoring for early parkinsonian deficits and early discontinuation if these deficits appear. Atypical neuroleptics are associated with lower risk than first generation antipsychotic drugs. Special precautions are needed in elderly subjects, in patients treated with multiple drugs for prolonged periods of time and in those with familial risk factors including familial parkinsonism or tremor, or in those with genetic variants of genes involved in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Mena
- Head of Neuropharmacology Unit, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Servicio de Neurobiología, Ctra de Colmenar, Madrid 28034, Spain
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9
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Ros R, Thobois S, Streichenberger N, Kopp N, Sánchez MP, Pérez M, Hoenicka J, Avila J, Honnorat J, de Yébenes JG. A new mutation of the tau gene, G303V, in early-onset familial progressive supranuclear palsy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 62:1444-50. [PMID: 16157753 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.62.9.1444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a clinicopathological syndrome related to tau deposits and in linkage disequilibrium with tau polymorphisms. Some rare familial PSP cases have been related to tau gene mutations. OBJECTIVE To present the clinical, pathological, and molecular data of one family with early-onset autosomal dominant PSP. DESIGN We performed clinical examinations, quantitative neurological tests, positron emission tomographic scans with fluorodopa F 18 and raclopride C 11, analysis of tau mutations, neuropathological examinations, and protein analyses on brain specimens. RESULTS Three family members had PSP confirmed by pathological features in the proband. A novel mutation of tau, G303V, was found in the proband and other family members. tau Isoforms with 4 microtubule-binding repeats were overexpressed in the proband brain. CONCLUSIONS The G303V mutation of tau is associated with autosomal dominant PSP. Expression of 4 microtubule-binding repeat tau isoforms is increased in the proband.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ros
- Banco de Tejidos para Investigaciones Neurológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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10
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González S, Mena MA, Lastres-Becker I, Serrano A, de Yébenes JG, Ramos JA, Fernández-Ruiz J. Cannabinoid CB1 receptors in the basal ganglia and motor response to activation or blockade of these receptors in parkin-null mice. Brain Res 2005; 1046:195-206. [PMID: 15882845 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2005] [Revised: 03/21/2005] [Accepted: 04/01/2005] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The endocannabinoid transmission becomes overactive in the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease (PD), as reported in patients and animal models of this disease. In the present study, we examined the status of cannabinoid CB(1) receptors in the basal ganglia of female and male Park-2 knockout mice, a genetic model of PD that progresses with no neuronal death and that may be considered representative of early and presymptomatic parkinsonian deficits. We found an increase in the density of CB(1) receptors in the substantia nigra compared to wild-type animals with no changes in other basal ganglia, although this occurred only in females. Despite this increase, the motor inhibition caused by the acute administration of the cannabinoid agonist Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol to Park-2 knockout female mice was markedly of lesser magnitude compared with the response found in wild-type animals. By contrast, the administration of the CB(1) receptor antagonist SR141716 resulted in a hyperkinetic response in parkin-null mice, response that was almost absent in wild-type animals and that was accompanied by a decrease in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the caudate-putamen. However, parkin-null male mice exhibited normal levels of CB(1) receptors in the substantia nigra and the remaining basal ganglia, with the only exception of a small decrease in the lateral part of the caudate-putamen. This was associated with an increase in mRNA levels for superoxide dismutase in this structure. In addition, the administration of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol to parkin-null male mice caused a motor inhibition that was significantly greater than in the case of their wild-type counterparts, and that was accompanied by an increase in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the caudate-putamen. In summary, extending the data obtained in humans and animal models of basal ganglia neurodegeneration, changes in CB(1) receptors were also observed in parkin-null mice, a model of PD that may be considered representative of early stages of this disease. These changes are associated with differences in behavioral responses to cannabinoid agonists or antagonists between Park-2 knockout and wild-type mice, although parkin-null mice exhibited evident gender-dependent differences for both levels of CB(1) receptors and motor responses to agonists or antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara González
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Ros R, Gómez Garre P, Hirano M, Tai YF, Ampuero I, Vidal L, Rojo A, Fontan A, Vazquez A, Fanjul S, Hernandez J, Cantarero S, Hoenicka J, Jones A, Ahsan RL, Pavese N, Piccini P, Brooks DJ, Perez-Tur J, Nyggard T, de Yébenes JG. Genetic linkage of autosomal dominant progressive supranuclear palsy to 1q31.1. Ann Neurol 2005; 57:634-41. [PMID: 15852377 DOI: 10.1002/ana.20449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a disorder of unknown pathogenesis. Familial clusters of PSP have been reported related to mutations of protein tau. We report the linkage of a large Spanish family with typical autosomal dominant PSP to a new locus in chromosome 1. Four members of this family had typical PSP, confirmed by neuropathology in one case. At least five ancestors had similar disease. Other members of the family have incomplete phenotypes. The power of the linkage analysis was increased by detecting presymptomatic individuals with 18F-fluoro-dopa and 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography. We screened the human genome with 340 polymorphic markers and we enriched the areas of interest with additional markers. The disease status was defined according to the clinical and positron emission tomography data. We excluded linkage to the tau gene in chromosome 17. PSP was linked, in this family, to one area of 3.4 cM in chromosome 1q31.1, with a maximal multipoint < OD score of +3.53. This area contains at least three genes, whose relevance in PSP is unknown. We expect to further define the gene responsible for PSP, which could help to understand the pathogenesis of this disease and to design effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Ros
- Banco de Tejidos para Investigaciones Neurológicas, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Hoenicka J, Vidal L, Morales B, Ampuero I, Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Berciano J, del Ser T, Jiménez A, Ruíz PG, de Yébenes JG. Molecular findings in familial Parkinson disease in Spain. Arch Neurol 2002; 59:966-70. [PMID: 12056932 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.59.6.966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several genetic errors in alpha-synuclein (Park1) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal-hydrolase L1(Park5) genes cause autosomal dominant familial Parkinson disease. Mutations in the parkin gene (Park2) are the major cause of autosomal recessive Parkinson disease. OBJECTIVE To analyze the clinical and molecular data of 19 Spanish kindreds (13 with recessive, 4 with dominant, and 2 with uncertain inheritance) who have familial Parkinson disease. METHODS We searched for the previously described mutations in Park1 and Park5 genes and for new or described mutations in Park2. We used single-strand conformation polymorphism, direct sequencing, and restriction digestion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified genomic DNA for this study. RESULTS None of these families have either Park1 or Park5 mutations. We found 5 different mutations in Park2 gene in 5 of the families with recessive inheritance. To our knowledge, 2 of these mutations, V56E and C212Y, have not been previously reported. The other mutations found (deletion of exons 3 and 5 and 225delA) have been described in other ethnic groups. Heterozygous carriers of a single Park2 mutation either were asymptomatic or developed clinical symptoms in late adulthood or after brief exposure to haloperidol therapy. CONCLUSIONS Mutations in Park2 gene account for 38% of the families with recessive parkinsonism in Spain. We found 2 cases of simple heterozygous Park2 mutation carriers that developed clinical symptoms, either in late adulthood or after brief exposure to parkinsonizing agents. Thus, hereditary Parkinson disease has more variable clinical phenotype and molecular defects than previously thought since heterozygous mutations could be a risk factor for parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Hoenicka
- Banco de Tejidos para Investigaciones Neurológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pabellón III, sótano, Avda Complutense s/n Madrid 28040, Spain.
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