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Arrillaga-Romany I, Gardner SL, Odia Y, Aguilera D, Allen JE, Batchelor T, Butowski N, Chen C, Cloughesy T, Cluster A, de Groot J, Dixit KS, Graber JJ, Haggiagi AM, Harrison RA, Kheradpour A, Kilburn LB, Kurz SC, Lu G, MacDonald TJ, Mehta M, Melemed AS, Nghiemphu PL, Ramage SC, Shonka N, Sumrall A, Tarapore RS, Taylor L, Umemura Y, Wen PY. ONC201 (Dordaviprone) in Recurrent H3 K27M-Mutant Diffuse Midline Glioma. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42:1542-1552. [PMID: 38335473 DOI: 10.1200/jco.23.01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Histone 3 (H3) K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) has a dismal prognosis with no established effective therapy beyond radiation. This integrated analysis evaluated single-agent ONC201 (dordaviprone), a first-in-class imipridone, in recurrent H3 K27M-mutant DMG. METHODS Fifty patients (pediatric, n = 4; adult, n = 46) with recurrent H3 K27M-mutant DMG who received oral ONC201 monotherapy in four clinical trials or one expanded access protocol were included. Eligible patients had measurable disease by Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) high-grade glioma (HGG) criteria and performance score (PS) ≥60 and were ≥90 days from radiation; pontine and spinal tumors were ineligible. The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR) by RANO-HGG criteria. Secondary end points included duration of response (DOR), time to response (TTR), corticosteroid response, PS response, and ORR by RANO low-grade glioma (LGG) criteria. Radiographic end points were assessed by dual-reader, blinded independent central review. RESULTS The ORR (RANO-HGG) was 20.0% (95% CI, 10.0 to 33.7). The median TTR was 8.3 months (range, 1.9-15.9); the median DOR was 11.2 months (95% CI, 3.8 to not reached). The ORR by combined RANO-HGG/LGG criteria was 30.0% (95% CI, 17.9 to 44.6). A ≥50% corticosteroid dose reduction occurred in 7 of 15 evaluable patients (46.7% [95% CI, 21.3 to 73.4]); PS improvement occurred in 6 of 34 evaluable patients (20.6% [95% CI, 8.7 to 37.9]). Grade 3 treatment-related treatment-emergent adverse events (TR-TEAEs) occurred in 20.0% of patients; the most common was fatigue (n = 5; 10%); no grade 4 TR-TEAEs, deaths, or discontinuations occurred. CONCLUSION ONC201 monotherapy was well tolerated and exhibited durable and clinically meaningful efficacy in recurrent H3 K27M-mutant DMG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yazmin Odia
- Miami Cancer Institute, part of Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL
| | - Dolly Aguilera
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | | | - Clark Chen
- University of Minnesota Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | | | - Karan S Dixit
- Northwestern Medical Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tobey J MacDonald
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | - Minesh Mehta
- Miami Cancer Institute, part of Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lynne Taylor
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Patrick Y Wen
- Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA
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2
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Rogers JL, Wall T, Acquaye-Mallory AA, Boris L, Kim Y, Aldape K, Quezado MM, Butman JA, Smirniotopoulos JG, Chaudhry H, Tsien CI, Chittiboina P, Zaghloul K, Aboud O, Avgeropoulos NG, Burton EC, Cachia DM, Dixit KS, Drappatz J, Dunbar EM, Forsyth P, Komlodi-Pasztor E, Mandel J, Ozer BH, Lee EQ, Ranjan S, Lukas RV, Raygada M, Salacz ME, Smith-Cohn MA, Snyder J, Soldatos A, Theeler BJ, Widemann BC, Camphausen KA, Heiss JD, Armstrong TS, Gilbert MR, Penas-Prado M. Virtual multi-institutional tumor board: a strategy for personalized diagnoses and management of rare CNS tumors. J Neurooncol 2024; 167:349-359. [PMID: 38427131 PMCID: PMC11023967 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-024-04613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Multidisciplinary tumor boards (MTBs) integrate clinical, molecular, and radiological information and facilitate coordination of neuro-oncology care. During the COVID-19 pandemic, our MTB transitioned to a virtual and multi-institutional format. We hypothesized that this expansion would allow expert review of challenging neuro-oncology cases and contribute to the care of patients with limited access to specialized centers. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed records from virtual MTBs held between 04/2020-03/2021. Data collected included measures of potential clinical impact, including referrals to observational or therapeutic studies, referrals for specialized neuropathology analysis, and whether molecular findings led to a change in diagnosis and/or guided management suggestions. RESULTS During 25 meetings, 32 presenters discussed 44 cases. Approximately half (n = 20; 48%) involved a rare central nervous system (CNS) tumor. In 21% (n = 9) the diagnosis was changed or refined based on molecular profiling obtained at the NIH and in 36% (n = 15) molecular findings guided management. Clinical trial suggestions were offered to 31% (n = 13), enrollment in the observational NCI Natural History Study to 21% (n = 9), neuropathology review and molecular testing at the NIH to 17% (n = 7), and all received management suggestions. CONCLUSION Virtual multi-institutional MTBs enable remote expert review of CNS tumors. We propose them as a strategy to facilitate expert opinions from specialized centers, especially for rare CNS tumors, helping mitigate geographic barriers to patient care and serving as a pre-screening tool for studies. Advanced molecular testing is key to obtaining a precise diagnosis, discovering potentially actionable targets, and guiding management.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Rogers
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Thomas Wall
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alvina A Acquaye-Mallory
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lisa Boris
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yeonju Kim
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Kenneth Aldape
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Martha M Quezado
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John A Butman
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - James G Smirniotopoulos
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Huma Chaudhry
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christina I Tsien
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Proton Therapy Center, Sibley Memorial Hospital, Johns Hopkins Medicine, 5255 Loughboro Rd NW, Washington, DC, 20016, USA
| | - Prashant Chittiboina
- Surgical Neurology Branch,, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kareem Zaghloul
- Surgical Neurology Branch,, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Orwa Aboud
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4860 Y Street, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Nicholas G Avgeropoulos
- Brain and Spine Tumor Program, Orlando Health Cancer Institute, 1400 S. Orange Ave, Orlando, FL, 32806, USA
- Global Medical Affairs, Novocure GmbH, D4 Pk. 6, 6039, Root, Switzerland
| | - Eric C Burton
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David M Cachia
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of Massachusetts, 55 Lake Ave, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA
| | - Karan S Dixit
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 N St Clair St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Jan Drappatz
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 5115 Centre Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15232, USA
| | - Erin M Dunbar
- Piedmont Brain Tumor Center, Piedmont Atlanta Hospital, Atlanta, GA, 2001 Peachtree St30309, USA
| | - Peter Forsyth
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Edina Komlodi-Pasztor
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Department of Neurology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road Washington, Washington DC, 20007, USA
| | - Jacob Mandel
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Byram H Ozer
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eudocia Q Lee
- Center for Neuro-Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Surabhi Ranjan
- Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston Hospital, 2950 Cleveland Clinic Boulevard, Weston, FL, 33331, US
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 675 N St Clair St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Margarita Raygada
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 1 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael E Salacz
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Cooper University Health Care, Two Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - Matthew A Smith-Cohn
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Benefis Sletten Cancer Institute, 1117 29Th St. S, Great Falls, MT, 59405, USA
| | - James Snyder
- Hermelin Brain Tumor Center, Henry Ford Cancer Institute, 2800 W Grand Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Ariane Soldatos
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke,, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Brett J Theeler
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Brigitte C Widemann
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kevin A Camphausen
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John D Heiss
- Surgical Neurology Branch,, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Terri S Armstrong
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark R Gilbert
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Marta Penas-Prado
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9030 Old Georgetown Rd, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Driscoll RK, Lyne SB, Voce DJ, Maraka S, Gondi V, Chmura SJ, Dixit KS, Kumthekar PU, Karrison TG, Pytel P, Collins JM, Stupp R, Merrell RT, Lukas RV, Yamini B. A multi-institutional phase I study of acetazolamide with temozolomide in adults with newly diagnosed MGMT-methylated malignant glioma. Neurooncol Adv 2024; 6:vdae014. [PMID: 38420615 PMCID: PMC10901541 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A significant unmet need exists for the treatment of glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype (GBM). Preclinical work shows that acetazolamide sensitizes GBM to temozolomide (TMZ) by overcoming TMZ resistance due to BCL-3-dependent upregulation of carbonic anhydrase. Acetazolamide is Food and Drug Administration-approved for the treatment of altitude sickness. Drug repurposing enables the application of drugs to diseases beyond initial indications. This multi-institutional, open-label, phase I trial examined a combination of acetazolamide and TMZ in patients with MGMT promoter-methylated high-grade glioma. Methods A total of 24 patients (GBM, IDH-wildtype = 22; Grade 4 astrocytoma, IDH-mutant = 1; Grade 3 astrocytoma, IDH-mutant = 1) were accrued over 17 months. All patients received oral acetazolamide (250 mg BID for 7 days increased to 500 mg BID for Days 8-21 of each 28-day cycle) during the adjuvant phase of TMZ for up to 6 cycles. Results No patient had a dose-limiting toxicity. Adverse events were consistent with known sequelae of acetazolamide and TMZ. In the 23 WHO Grade 4 patients, the median overall survival (OS) was 30.1 months and the median progression-free survival was 16.0 months. The 2-year OS was 60.9%. In total 37% of the study population had high BCL-3 staining and trended toward shorter OS (17.2 months vs N.R., P = .06). Conclusions The addition of acetazolamide is safe and tolerable in GBM patients receiving standard TMZ. Survival results compare favorably to historical data from randomized trials in patients with MGMT promoter-methylated GBM and support examination of acetazolamide in a randomized trial. BCL-3 expression is a potential biomarker for prognosis in GBM or for patients more likely to benefit from TMZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley K Driscoll
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sean B Lyne
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - David J Voce
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stefania Maraka
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Vinai Gondi
- Proton Therapy Center and Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center, Warrensville, Illinois, USA
| | - Steven J Chmura
- Department of Radiation and Cellular Oncology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karan S Dixit
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Priya U Kumthekar
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Theodore G Karrison
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter Pytel
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John M Collins
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Roger Stupp
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ryan T Merrell
- NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bakhtiar Yamini
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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4
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Baskaran AB, Dixit KS, Sonabend AW, Horbinski CM, Abutalib SA, Lukas RV. From the ER to the OR: Initial Evaluation of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma. Neurologist 2023; 28:135-142. [PMID: 37027168 PMCID: PMC10164037 DOI: 10.1097/nrl.0000000000000475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, often curable neoplasm, often initially presenting in acute care settings by nonneuroscience specialized physicians. Delays in the recognition of specific imaging findings, lack of appropriate specialist consultation, and urgent incorrect medication administration can delay necessary diagnosis and treatment. REVIEW SUMMARY In this paper, the reader is moved quickly from the initial presentation to the diagnostic surgical intervention for PCNSL in a manner analogous to the experience of clinicians in the frontline setting. We review the clinical presentation of PCNSL, its radiographic features, the effect of prebiopsy steroids, and the role of a biopsy in the diagnosis. In addition, this paper revisits the role of surgical resection for PCNSL and investigational diagnostic studies for PCNSL. CONCLUSION PCNSL is a rare tumor that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. However, with appropriate identification of clinical signs, symptoms, and key radiographic findings, the early suspicion of PCNSL can lead to steroid avoidance and timely biopsy for rapid administration of the potentially curative chemoimmunotherapy. Surgical resection presents the potential for improving outcomes for patients with PCNSL, however, this remains controversial. Further research into PCNSL presents the opportunity for better outcomes and longer livelihoods for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archit B Baskaran
- Feinberg School of Medicine
- University of Chicago Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago
| | | | | | - Craig M Horbinski
- Chief, Neuropathology Division, Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery
| | - Syed Ali Abutalib
- Hematology, BMT/Cellular Therapy and Clinical Apheresis Programs, Cancer Treatment Centers of America, Zion
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, IL
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Associate Chief, Neuro-Oncology Division, Department of Neurology
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Huang D, Dixit KS. Stroke-Like Migraine Attacks After Radiation Therapy Syndrome and Radiation Necrosis After Cerebral Proton Beam Radiation: A Case Report of Dual Radiotherapy Complications. Neurohospitalist 2022; 12:567-570. [DOI: 10.1177/19418744221102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke-like migraine attacks after radiation therapy (SMART) syndrome is a rare, delayed complication of cranial radiation therapy that consists of migraine-like headaches and focal neurologic deficits such as visual loss, aphasia, hemiparesis, hemisensory loss, and unconsciousness. SMART syndrome may be mistaken for tumor recurrence, radiation necrosis, and stroke. Timely recognition of SMART syndrome prevents unnecessary brain biopsies and enables appropriate anticipatory guidance. We present a 38 year-old right handed male with new headaches, vertigo, visual symptoms, and left-sided paresthesias. Neuroimaging revealed a heterogeneously enhancing mass with invasion into the transverse sinus, diagnosed as an epithelioid hemangioendothelioma by surgical pathology. After resection, the patient underwent proton beam radiation for maximal tissue-sparing. Six months later, he developed radiation necrosis. After another year, he developed recurrent headaches with transient language difficulties and blurry vision during each headache. Neuroimaging was consistent with SMART syndrome, and the patient was started on valproate. Verapamil was added after a second attack. The patient’s headaches improved, but he remains dyslexic. Subsequent imaging shows resolution of gyriform contrast enhancement and continued left temporo-occipital T2/FLAIR hyperintensity. We present a case of early SMART syndrome following proton beam radiotherapy, as well as the dual occurrence of radiation necrosis and SMART syndrome in this individual. Radiation necrosis and SMART syndrome are known complications of radiotherapy, with the latter less well-described. We discuss a possible shared pathophysiology involving endothelial cell dysfunction and impaired cerebrovascular autoregulation, and we question whether proton RT increases risk of early SMART syndrome development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Huang
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karan S. Dixit
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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6
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Drumm MR, Dixit KS, Grimm S, Kumthekar P, Lukas RV, Raizer JJ, Stupp R, Chheda MG, Kam KL, McCord M, Sachdev S, Kruser T, Steffens A, Javier R, McCortney K, Horbinski C. Extensive brainstem infiltration, not mass effect, is a common feature of end-stage cerebral glioblastomas. Neuro Oncol 2021; 22:470-479. [PMID: 31711239 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progress in extending the survival of glioblastoma (GBM) patients has been slow. A better understanding of why patient survival remains poor is critical to developing new strategies. Postmortem studies on GBM can shed light on why patients are dying. METHODS The brains of 33 GBM patients were autopsied and examined for gross and microscopic abnormalities. Clinical-pathologic correlations were accomplished through detailed chart reviews. Data were compared with older published autopsy GBM studies that predated newer treatment strategies, such as more extensive surgical resection and adjuvant temozolomide. RESULTS In older GBM autopsy series, mass effect was observed in 72% of brains, with herniation in 50% of all cases. Infiltration of tumor into the brainstem was noted in only 21% of those older cases. In the current series, only 10 of 33 (30%) GBMs showed mass effect (P = 0.0003), and only 1 (3%) showed herniation (P < 0.0001). However, extensive GBM infiltration of the brainstem was present in 22 cases (67%, P < 0.0001), with accompanying destruction of the pons and white matter tracts. There was a direct correlation between longer median patient survival and the presence of brainstem infiltration (16.1 mo in brainstem-invaded cases vs 9.0 mo in cases lacking extensive brainstem involvement; P = 0.0003). CONCLUSIONS With improving care, severe mass effect appears to be less common in GBM patients today, whereas dissemination, including life-threatening brainstem invasion, is now more pronounced. This has major implications regarding preclinical GBM models, as well as the design of clinical trials aimed at further improving patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Drumm
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Karan S Dixit
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sean Grimm
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jeffrey J Raizer
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Roger Stupp
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Milan G Chheda
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Kwok-Ling Kam
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Matthew McCord
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sean Sachdev
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Timothy Kruser
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alicia Steffens
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rodrigo Javier
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathleen McCortney
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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7
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Thakkar JP, Kumthekar P, Dixit KS, Stupp R, Lukas RV. Leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors. J Neurol Sci 2020; 411:116706. [PMID: 32007755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) metastasis from systemic cancers can involve the brain parenchyma, leptomeninges (pia, subarachnoid space and arachnoid mater), and dura. Leptomeningeal metastases (LM), also known by different terms including neoplastic meningitis and carcinomatous meningitis, occur in both solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. This review will focus exclusively on LM arising from solid tumors with a goal of providing the reader an understanding of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, prognostication, current management and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jigisha P Thakkar
- Loyola University Medical Center, Department of Neurology, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, United States of America
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Northwestern University, Department of Neurology, United States of America; Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, United States of America
| | - Karan S Dixit
- Northwestern University, Department of Neurology, United States of America; Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States of America
| | - Roger Stupp
- Northwestern University, Department of Neurology, United States of America; Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States of America; Department of Neurological Surgery, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, United States of America
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Northwestern University, Department of Neurology, United States of America; Lou & Jean Malnati Brain Tumor institute of the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States of America.
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8
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Vargas A, Dixit KS, Quigley JG, Testai FD. Spinal cord and cranial Bing-Neel Syndrome complicated by cerebral ischemia: A case report. J Neurol Sci 2016; 366:44-46. [PMID: 27288774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Vargas
- University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Karan S Dixit
- University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - John G Quigley
- University of Illinois at Chicago Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, 840 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Fernando D Testai
- University of Illinois at Chicago Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, 912 S. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Albert DV, Yin H, Amidei C, Dixit KS, Brorson JR, Lukas RV. Structure of neuroscience clerkships in medical schools and matching in neuromedicine. Neurology 2015; 85:172-6. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Srivastava S, Gupta PP, Prasad R, Dixit KS, Palit G, Ali B, Misra G, Saxena RC. Evaluation of antiallergic activity (type I hypersensitivity) of Inula racemosa in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1999; 43:235-41. [PMID: 10365318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholic extract of root of Inula racemosa, was studied for its antiallergic effect in experimental models of type I hypersensitivity, viz. egg albumin induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and mast cell degranulation in albino rats. The alcoholic extract was prepared by the process of continuous heat extraction. LD50 of this extract was found to be 2100 +/- 60 mg/kg, i.p. Assessment of protection against egg albumin induced passive cutaneous anaphylaxix by different doses of Inula racemosa was done by giving drug intraperitoneally or orally for seven days or once only. Mast cell degranulation studies were done by using compound 48/80 as degranulation agent with same dosage schedule. Inula racemosa (i.p. as well as p.o.) showed significant protection against egg albumin induced PCA. Protection against compound 48/80 induced mast cell degranulation by alcoholic extract of Inula racemosa (single dose) was similar to that of disodium cromoglycate. The seven days drug treatment schedule showed greater protection than disodium cromoglycate intraperitoneally. The results suggest that Inula racemosa possesses potent antiallergic properties in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, K.G.'s Medical College, Lucknow
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Shrimali M, Kalsi R, Dixit KS, Barthwal JP. Substituted quinazolones as potent anticonvulsants and enzyme inhibitors. Arzneimittelforschung 1991; 41:514-9. [PMID: 1898422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 6,8-disubstituted 3-[5- [[2-hydroxy-3-[(substituted phenyl)amino]propyl]thio]-1,3,4-thiadizol-2-yl] 2-methyl-4(3)- quinazolinones were synthesized whose structures were confirmed by elemental analyses, IR, NMR and mass spectral studies. All these compounds were evaluated in vivo for anticonvulsant and analgesic activities and in vitro for monoamine oxidase and succinate dehydrogenase enzyme inhibitory activities using rat brain homogenate as a source of enzyme at final concentration of 1 x 10(-4) mol/l. ALD50 values indicated their relatively nontoxic nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shrimali
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, King George's Medical College, Lucknow, India
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12
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Gupta YK, Bhandari P, Chugh A, Seth SD, Dixit KS, Bhargava KP. Role of endogenous opioids and histamine in morphine induced emesis. Indian J Exp Biol 1989; 27:52-4. [PMID: 2606522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The role of opioid and histaminergic system in morphine induced emesis was investigated in dogs. Morphine (25 micrograms, icv) consistently evoked emesis with an average latency of 195 +/- 29 sec which was fully accounted for by an action on the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) as its ablation rendered animals refractory to vomiting. Intraventricular pretreatment with opioid antagonist naloxone, histamine H1 antagonist mepyramine and H2 antagonists metiamide and cimetidine afforded protection to icv morphine emesis. The CSF histamine concentration was significantly raised 5 min after icv morphine administration. The results suggest that both endogenous opioid and histamine are involved in morphine emesis. Naloxone in high doses (1600 micrograms, icv) elicited emesis which was not blocked by CTZ ablation confirming our earlier report.
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Singh N, Singh SP, Vrat S, Misra N, Dixit KS, Kohli RP. A study on the anti-diabetic activity of Coccinia indica in dogs. Indian J Med Sci 1985; 39:27-9, 42. [PMID: 3997215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Saxena RC, Das M, Dixit KS, Bhargava KP. Involvement of H1 & H2 receptors in histamine-induced skin response in human. Indian J Med Res 1983; 78:277-80. [PMID: 6654418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Abstract
1 The emetic action of Met-enkephalin, morphine and naloxone was studied following their administration into the cerebral ventricles of dogs through chronically implanted cannulae and the effect on the responses of ablating the chemorceptor trigger zone (CTZ) was investigated. The opiate antagonist, naloxone, was used to determine the role of enkephalin receptors in emetic responses.2 Administration of Met-enkephalin (1.0 mug/kg) into the IVth ventricle regularly evoked emesis with an average latency of 35 s. A dose of morphine (2.5 mug/kg) which was five times larger was required for a consistent emetic response when introduced into the lateral cerebral ventricle (i.c.v.) as compared to the dose required by the IVth ventricular route. The latency of emetic responses by the latter route of injection of morphine was shorter. This is in accord with an action of morphine on the emetic CTZ.3 After bilateral ablation of the CTZ, intraventricular injections of Met-enkephalin and morphine failed to produce emesis even when given in doses that were 5 to 10 times the dose which regularly elicited emesis in animals with intact CTZ. The emesis produced in dogs by intraventricular Met-enkephalin and morphine is thus fully accounted for by an action on the CTZ.4 Naloxone (i.c.v.) in doses up to 10.0 mug/kg did not cause emesis. However, higher doses of naloxone elicited dose-dependent emesis in dogs. The 100% emetic dose of naloxone was found to be 160 mug/kg and the latency of emesis was 180 s. Unlike Met-enkephalin and morphine, naloxone continued to elicit emesis in CTZ-ablated animals.5 Pretreatment with intraventricular naloxone (1 to 8 mug/kg) blocked the emetic responses induced by intraventricular Met-enkephalin and morphine but not that to apomorphine. The selective protective action of the opiate antagonist against Met-enkephalin and morphine supports the presence of enkephalin receptors in the emetic CTZ.
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Palit G, Gupta MB, Bhargava R, Dixit KS, Bhargava KP. Central histaminoceptor-adrenoceptor interrelations in the release of adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 1979; 23:372-6. [PMID: 43284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intracerebroventricular administration of adrenaline, noradrenaline phenylephrine, clonidine and histamine produced a significant rise in plasma cortisol concentration whereas isoprenaline had no effect. alpha-Adrenoceptor blockers (yohimbine or piperoxon) per se did not alter the plasma cortisol level. Central pretreatment with yohimbine or piperoxin, blocked the rise in plasma cortisol level induced by icv noradrenaline, phenylephrine and clonidine. In another set of experiments, both H1 and H2 receptor antagonists (mepyramine, and metiamide) per se had not significant effect on plasma cortisol concentration. Central histamine induced rise in plasma cortisol concentration was significantly blocked by icv pretreatment with both H1 and H2 receptor blockers. Furthermore, yohimbine also significantly prevented the rise of plasma cortisol level induced by icv histamine.
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Palit G, Dixit KS, Bhargava KP. Role of H1 and H2 receptors in histamine induced bronchospasm. Indian J Med Res 1979; 69:841-5. [PMID: 511270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
1 The protective effects of the intracerebroventicular (i.c.v.) administration of the H1-receptor antagonist, mepyramine and the H2-receptor antagonists, burimamide and metiamide on centrally induced histamine-emesis were studied in unanaesthetized dogs. 2 The PD50 values of intraventricular mepyramine, burimamide and metiamide against the 100% emetic dose of histamine (3.0 mg i.c.v.) were found to be approximately 200 mug, 20 mug and 20 mug respectively. 3 Although burimamide (i.c.v. or i.v.) afforded protection against histamine-induced emesis, there was no protection against intravenous apomorphine-or oral copper sulphate-induced emesis. 4 The results suggest that both H1- and H2-histamine receptors in the emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema are concerned in histamine-induced emesis.
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Barthwal JP, Tandon SK, Agarwal VK, Dixit KS, Parmar SS. Relationship between CNS depressant and enzyme inhibitory properties of substituted quinazolone 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. J Pharm Sci 1973; 62:613-7. [PMID: 4698982 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600620415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Tangri KK, Dhasmana KM, Dixit KS. An analysis of the central vasomotor effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitor, modaline sulphate. Jpn J Pharmacol 1972; 22:599-604. [PMID: 4539779 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.22.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Sharma RN, Dubey PC, Dixit KS, Bhargava KP. Neural pathways of emesis associated with experimental intestinal obstruction in dogs. Indian J Med Res 1972; 60:291-5. [PMID: 5035199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Badola RP, Bhargava KP, Dixit KS, Ratra CK. Role of the chemoreceptor trigger zone in cyclopropane induced emesis in dogs. Br J Pharmacol 1971; 43:248-9. [PMID: 5136460 PMCID: PMC1665930 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1971.tb07174.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhalation of cyclopropane in dogs, by the closed circuit method, for a fixed period, produced an emetic response during recovery from anaesthesia. Bilateral surgical ablation of the emetic chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema rendered the dogs refractory to several times (3-6) the threshold emetic dose of cyclopropane.
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Dixit KS, Dhasmana KM, Saxena RC, Kohli RP. Antagonism of intracerebrally induced nicotinic convulsions in mice: a method for measuring the central antinicotinic activity of CNS acting agents. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1971; 19:67-72. [PMID: 4397361 DOI: 10.1007/bf00403704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Dixit KS, Dhasmana KM, Sinha JN, Bhargava KP. Role of catecholamines in fatal hyperpyrexia induced by imipramine in MAOI treated rabbits. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1970; 188:86-91. [PMID: 4394968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Sinha JN, Dhasmana KM, Dixit KS, Bhargava KP. Antagonism of imipramine induced fatal hyperpyrexia in MAO inhibitor treated rabbits. Jpn J Pharmacol 1969; 19:623-5. [PMID: 5308409 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.19.623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Abstract
1. In unanaesthetized dogs, the emetic action of histamine was studied after its injection into the cerebral venricles through chronically implanted cannulae in order to elucidate the role of the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CT-zone), situated in the area postrema, for this emesis.2. On injection into the lateral cerebral ventricle, about 10 times larger doses of histamine (3 mg) were required regularly to produce emesis, and it occurred after a longer latency than on injection into the fourth ventricle. This is in accord with an action of histamine on the CT-zone.3. After bilateral ablation of the CT-zone, intraventricular injections of histamine no longer produced emesis even when injected in doses which were three to four times greater than those which regularly elicited vomiting in dogs with intact CT-zone. The emesis produced in dogs by intraventricular injections of histamine is thus fully accounted for by an action on the CT-zone.4. Injections of chlorpromazine intramuscularly or of the two antihistamines cyclizine and mepyramine, either intramuscularly or into the lateral ventricle, prevented the emesis caused by histamine injected into the lateral ventricle. This protective action of the antihistamines-which did not extend to the emesis produced by oral copper sulphate-suggests the presence of histaminergic receptors in the CT-zone.
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Sinha JN, Dixit KS, Srimal RC, Bhargava KP. Central muscle relaxant activity of a dozen CNS active agents and a correlation with their psychotropic activity. Jpn J Pharmacol 1968; 18:48-53. [PMID: 5302460 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.18.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Sinha JN, Dixit KS, Srimal RC, Chandra O, Bhargava KP. Effect of amitriptyline and related drugs on neuromuscular transmission. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1966; 162:79-83. [PMID: 5967674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Sinha JA, Srimal RC, Dixit KS, Chandra O, Bhargava KP. Central muscle relaxant activity of imipramine, amitriptyline and desmethylimipramine. Jpn J Pharmacol 1966; 16:120-2. [PMID: 5297496 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.16.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Dhawan KN, Gupta GP, Dixit KS, Chandra O. An analysis of the central vasomoter action of tyramine. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 1965; 155:122-5. [PMID: 5214032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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