1
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Samalova M, Melnikava A, Elsayad K, Peaucelle A, Gahurova E, Gumulec J, Spyroglou I, Zemlyanskaya EV, Ubogoeva EV, Balkova D, Demko M, Blavet N, Alexiou P, Benes V, Mouille G, Hejatko J. Hormone-regulated expansins: Expression, localization, and cell wall biomechanics in Arabidopsis root growth. Plant Physiol 2023; 194:209-228. [PMID: 37073485 PMCID: PMC10762514 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Expansins facilitate cell expansion by mediating pH-dependent cell wall (CW) loosening. However, the role of expansins in controlling CW biomechanical properties in specific tissues and organs remains elusive. We monitored hormonal responsiveness and spatial specificity of expression and localization of expansins predicted to be the direct targets of cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found EXPANSIN1 (EXPA1) homogenously distributed throughout the CW of columella/lateral root cap, while EXPA10 and EXPA14 localized predominantly at 3-cell boundaries in the epidermis/cortex in various root zones. EXPA15 revealed cell-type-specific combination of homogenous vs. 3-cell boundaries localization. By comparing Brillouin frequency shift and AFM-measured Young's modulus, we demonstrated Brillouin light scattering (BLS) as a tool suitable for non-invasive in vivo quantitative assessment of CW viscoelasticity. Using both BLS and AFM, we showed that EXPA1 overexpression upregulated CW stiffness in the root transition zone (TZ). The dexamethasone-controlled EXPA1 overexpression induced fast changes in the transcription of numerous CW-associated genes, including several EXPAs and XYLOGLUCAN:XYLOGLUCOSYL TRANSFERASEs (XTHs), and associated with rapid pectin methylesterification determined by in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the root TZ. The EXPA1-induced CW remodeling is associated with the shortening of the root apical meristem, leading to root growth arrest. Based on our results, we propose that expansins control root growth by a delicate orchestration of CW biomechanical properties, possibly regulating both CW loosening and CW remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marketa Samalova
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Alesia Melnikava
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Division of Anatomy, Centre for Anatomy & Cell Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | | | - Evelina Gahurova
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Ioannis Spyroglou
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Elena V Zemlyanskaya
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk 630073, Russia
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena V Ubogoeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Darina Balkova
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Demko
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Nicolas Blavet
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Panagiotis Alexiou
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | | | - Jan Hejatko
- CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
- National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
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Cikes D, Elsayad K, Sezgin E, Koitai E, Torma F, Orthofer M, Yarwood R, Heinz LX, Sedlyarov V, Miranda ND, Taylor A, Grapentine S, Al-Murshedi F, Abot A, Weidinger A, Kutchukian C, Sanchez C, Cronin SJF, Novatchkova M, Kavirayani A, Schuetz T, Haubner B, Haas L, Hagelkruys A, Jackowski S, Kozlov AV, Jacquemond V, Knauf C, Superti-Furga G, Rullman E, Gustafsson T, McDermot J, Lowe M, Radak Z, Chamberlain JS, Bakovic M, Banka S, Penninger JM. Author Correction: PCYT2-regulated lipid biosynthesis is critical to muscle health and ageing. Nat Metab 2023; 5:711. [PMID: 37024756 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00791-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Domagoj Cikes
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology and Medical Imaging Cluster (MIC), Vienna, Austria.
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erika Koitai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Orthofer
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebecca Yarwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leonhard X Heinz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vitaly Sedlyarov
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Adrian Taylor
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie Grapentine
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fathiya Al-Murshedi
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Anne Abot
- Enterosys SAS, Prologue Biotech, Labège, France
| | | | - Candice Kutchukian
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Colline Sanchez
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Shane J F Cronin
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Novatchkova
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anoop Kavirayani
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology and Medical Imaging Cluster (MIC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schuetz
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Haubner
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Haas
- IMP Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Hagelkruys
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andrey V Kozlov
- Enterosys SAS, Prologue Biotech, Labège, France
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vincent Jacquemond
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
- INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Claude Knauf
- INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric Rullman
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cardiovascular Theme, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John McDermot
- Manchester Centre for Genomics Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jeffrey S Chamberlain
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marica Bakovic
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST Austria), Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomics Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Cikes D, Elsayad K, Sezgin E, Koitai E, Torma F, Orthofer M, Yarwood R, Heinz LX, Sedlyarov V, Miranda ND, Taylor A, Grapentine S, Al-Murshedi F, Abot A, Weidinger A, Kutchukian C, Sanchez C, Cronin SJF, Novatchkova M, Kavirayani A, Schuetz T, Haubner B, Haas L, Hagelkruys A, Jackowski S, Kozlov AV, Jacquemond V, Knauf C, Superti-Furga G, Rullman E, Gustafsson T, McDermot J, Lowe M, Radak Z, Chamberlain JS, Bakovic M, Banka S, Penninger JM. PCYT2-regulated lipid biosynthesis is critical to muscle health and ageing. Nat Metab 2023; 5:495-515. [PMID: 36941451 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Muscle degeneration is the most prevalent cause for frailty and dependency in inherited diseases and ageing. Elucidation of pathophysiological mechanisms, as well as effective treatments for muscle diseases, represents an important goal in improving human health. Here, we show that the lipid synthesis enzyme phosphatidylethanolamine cytidyltransferase (PCYT2/ECT) is critical to muscle health. Human deficiency in PCYT2 causes a severe disease with failure to thrive and progressive weakness. pcyt2-mutant zebrafish and muscle-specific Pcyt2-knockout mice recapitulate the participant phenotypes, with failure to thrive, progressive muscle weakness and accelerated ageing. Mechanistically, muscle Pcyt2 deficiency affects cellular bioenergetics and membrane lipid bilayer structure and stability. PCYT2 activity declines in ageing muscles of mice and humans, and adeno-associated virus-based delivery of PCYT2 ameliorates muscle weakness in Pcyt2-knockout and old mice, offering a therapy for individuals with a rare disease and muscle ageing. Thus, PCYT2 plays a fundamental and conserved role in vertebrate muscle health, linking PCYT2 and PCYT2-synthesized lipids to severe muscle dystrophy and ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domagoj Cikes
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology and Medical Imaging Cluster (MIC), Vienna, Austria.
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Erika Koitai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Michael Orthofer
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rebecca Yarwood
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leonhard X Heinz
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vitaly Sedlyarov
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Adrian Taylor
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie Grapentine
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fathiya Al-Murshedi
- Department of Genetics, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Anne Abot
- Enterosys SAS, Prologue Biotech, Labège, France
| | - Adelheid Weidinger
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Candice Kutchukian
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Colline Sanchez
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Shane J F Cronin
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Novatchkova
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anoop Kavirayani
- VBCF, Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Schuetz
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Haubner
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lisa Haas
- IMP Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Hagelkruys
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Andrey V Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Traumatology, The Research Center in Cooperation with AUVA, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vincent Jacquemond
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claude Knauf
- INSERM U1220 Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive, CHU Purpan, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Giulio Superti-Furga
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Eric Rullman
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Cardiovascular Theme, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas Gustafsson
- Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John McDermot
- Manchester Centre for Genomics Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Martin Lowe
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, University of Physical Education, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jeffrey S Chamberlain
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Senator Paul D. Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Specialized Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marica Bakovic
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Manchester Centre for Genomics Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Josef M Penninger
- IMBA, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Medical Genetics, Life Science Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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Windberger U, Sparer A, Elsayad K. The role of plasma in the yield stress of blood. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2023; 84:369-383. [PMID: 37334582 DOI: 10.3233/ch-231701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yielding and shear elasticity of blood are merely discussed within the context of hematocrit and erythrocyte aggregation. However, plasma might play a substantial role due its own viscoelasticity. OBJECTIVE If only erythrocyte aggregation and hematocrit would determine yielding, blood of different species with comparable values would present comparable yield stresses. METHODS rheometry (SAOS: amplitude and frequency sweep tests; flow curves) of hematocrit-matched samples at 37°C. Brillouin Light Scattering Spectroscopy at 38°C. RESULTS Yield stress for pig: 20mPa, rat: 18mPa, and human blood: 9mPa. Cow and sheep blood were not in quasi-stationary state supporting the role of erythrocyte aggregation for the development of elasticity and yielding. However, pig and human erythrocytes feature similar aggregability, but yield stress of porcine blood was double. Murine and ruminant erythrocytes both rarely aggregate, but their blood behavior was fundamentally different. Pig plasma was shear-thinning and murine plasma was platelet-enriched, supporting the role of plasma for triggering collective effects and gel-like properties. CONCLUSIONS Blood behavior near zero shear flow is not based solely on erythrocyte aggregation and hematocrit, but includes the hydrodynamic interaction with plasma. The shear stress required to break down elasticity is not the critical shear stress for dispersing erythrocyte aggregates, but the shear stress required to fracture the entire assembly of blood cells within their intimate embedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Windberger
- Core Facility Laboratory Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Decentralized Biomedical Facilities, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - A Sparer
- Core Facility Laboratory Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Decentralized Biomedical Facilities, Medical University Vienna, Austria
| | - K Elsayad
- Division of Anatomy, Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Medical University Vienna, Austria
- Medical Imaging Cluster (MIC), Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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Tran K, Tsang R, Suh C, Yoon H, Taguchi S, Oguchi M, Gunther J, Dabaja B, Wright C, Plastaras J, Elsayad K, Ng A, Binkley M, Brady J, Wang X, Levis M, Harris M, Bressel M, MacManus M, Wirth A. An International, Multi-Centre Study of Radiotherapy for Bilateral Indolent Orbital Adnexal Lymphomas (IOAL). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kaufmann T, Herbert S, Hackl B, Besold JM, Schramek C, Gotzmann J, Elsayad K, Slade D. Direct measurement of protein-protein interactions by FLIM-FRET at UV laser-induced DNA damage sites in living cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:e122. [PMID: 33053171 PMCID: PMC7708043 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions are essential to ensure timely and precise recruitment of chromatin remodellers and repair factors to DNA damage sites. Conventional analyses of protein-protein interactions at a population level may mask the complexity of interaction dynamics, highlighting the need for a method that enables quantification of DNA damage-dependent interactions at a single-cell level. To this end, we integrated a pulsed UV laser on a confocal fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) microscope to induce localized DNA damage. To quantify protein-protein interactions in live cells, we measured Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between mEGFP- and mCherry-tagged proteins, based on the fluorescence lifetime reduction of the mEGFP donor protein. The UV-FLIM-FRET system offers a unique combination of real-time and single-cell quantification of DNA damage-dependent interactions, and can distinguish between direct protein-protein interactions, as opposed to those mediated by chromatin proximity. Using the UV-FLIM-FRET system, we show the dynamic changes in the interaction between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, amplified in liver cancer 1, X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 and tripartite motif containing 33 after DNA damage. This new set-up complements the toolset for studying DNA damage response by providing single-cell quantitative and dynamic information about protein-protein interactions at DNA damage sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kaufmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sébastien Herbert
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benjamin Hackl
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johanna Maria Besold
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christopher Schramek
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Gotzmann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- VBCF Advanced Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dea Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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7
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Oertel M, Elsayad K, Engenhart-Cabillic R, Reinartz G, Baues C, Schmidberger H, Vordermark D, Marnitz S, Lukas P, Ruebe C, Engert A, Lenz G, Eich HT. Radiation treatment of hemato-oncological patients in times of the COVID-19 pandemic : Expert recommendations from the radiation oncology panels of the German Hodgkin Study Group and the German Lymphoma Alliance. Strahlenther Onkol 2020; 196:1096-1102. [PMID: 33125504 PMCID: PMC7596809 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-020-01705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The coronavirus pandemic is affecting global health systems, endangering daily patient care. Hemato-oncological patients are particularly vulnerable to infection, requiring decisive recommendations on treatment and triage. The aim of this survey amongst experts on radiation therapy (RT) for lymphoma and leukemia is to delineate typical clinical scenarios and to provide counsel for high-quality care. METHODS A multi-item questionnaire containing multiple-choice and free-text questions was developed in a peer-reviewed process and sent to members of the radiation oncology panels of the German Hodgkin Study Group and the German Lymphoma Alliance. Answers were assessed online and analyzed centrally. RESULTS Omission of RT was only considered in a minority of cases if alternative treatment options were available. Hypofractionated regimens and reduced dosages may be used for indolent lymphoma and fractures due to multiple myeloma. Overall, there was a tendency to shorten RT rather than to postpone or omit it. Even in case of critical resource shortage, panelists agreed to start emergency RT for typical indications (intracranial pressure, spinal compression, superior vena cava syndrome) within 24 h. Possible criteria to consider for patient triage are the availability of (systemic) options, the underlying disease dynamic, and the treatment rationale (curative/palliative). CONCLUSION RT for hemato-oncological patients receives high-priority and should be maintained even in later stages of the pandemic. Hypofractionation and shortened treatment schedules are feasible options for well-defined constellations, but have to be discussed in the clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oertel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 building A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - K Elsayad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 building A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - R Engenhart-Cabillic
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - G Reinartz
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 building A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - C Baues
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Cyberknife Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - H Schmidberger
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - D Vordermark
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - S Marnitz
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Cyberknife Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - P Lukas
- Department of Radiooncology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Ruebe
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - A Engert
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - G Lenz
- Department of Medicine A, Hematology, Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - H T Eich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 building A1, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
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8
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Antonacci G, Beck T, Bilenca A, Czarske J, Elsayad K, Guck J, Kim K, Krug B, Palombo F, Prevedel R, Scarcelli G. Recent progress and current opinions in Brillouin microscopy for life science applications. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:615-624. [PMID: 32458371 PMCID: PMC7311586 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00701-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many important biological functions and processes are reflected in cell and tissue mechanical properties such as elasticity and viscosity. However, current techniques used for measuring these properties have major limitations, such as that they can often not measure inside intact cells and/or require physical contact-which cells can react to and change. Brillouin light scattering offers the ability to measure mechanical properties in a non-contact and label-free manner inside of objects with high spatial resolution using light, and hence has emerged as an attractive method during the past decade. This new approach, coined "Brillouin microscopy," which integrates highly interdisciplinary concepts from physics, engineering, and mechanobiology, has led to a vibrant new community that has organized itself via a European funded (COST Action) network. Here we share our current assessment and opinion of the field, as emerged from a recent dedicated workshop. In particular, we discuss the prospects towards improved and more bio-compatible instrumentation, novel strategies to infer more accurate and quantitative mechanical measurements, as well as our current view on the biomechanical interpretation of the Brillouin spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Antonacci
- Photonics Research Group, INTEC, Ghent University-imec, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Present address: Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Timon Beck
- Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alberto Bilenca
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Jürgen Czarske
- Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Advanced Microscopy, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities (VBCF), Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kyoohyun Kim
- Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Krug
- Laboratory of Measurement and Sensor System Technique, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Robert Prevedel
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Giuliano Scarcelli
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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Elsayad K. Optical imaging spectroscopy for plant research: more than a colorful picture. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2019; 52:77-85. [PMID: 31520788 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging is a routine and indispensable tool in plant research. Here we review different emerging spectrally resolved optical imaging approaches and the wealth of information they can be used to obtain pertaining to the underlying chemistry, structure and mechanics of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Elsayad
- Advanced Microscopy, VBCF, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna A-1030, Austria.
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10
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Garbrecht J, Hornegger H, Herbert S, Kaufmann T, Gotzmann J, Elsayad K, Slade D. Simultaneous dual-channel imaging to quantify interdependent protein recruitment to laser-induced DNA damage sites. Nucleus 2019; 9:474-491. [PMID: 30205747 PMCID: PMC6284507 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2018.1516485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy in combination with the induction of localized DNA damage using focused light beams has played a major role in the study of protein recruitment kinetics to DNA damage sites in recent years. Currently published methods are dedicated to the study of single fluorophore/single protein kinetics. However, these methods may be limited when studying the relative recruitment dynamics between two or more proteins due to cell-to-cell variability in gene expression and recruitment kinetics, and are not suitable for comparative analysis of fast-recruiting proteins. To tackle these limitations, we have established a time-lapse fluorescence microscopy method based on simultaneous dual-channel acquisition following UV-A-induced local DNA damage coupled with a standardized image and recruitment analysis workflow. Simultaneous acquisition is achieved by spectrally splitting the emitted light into two light paths, which are simultaneously imaged on two halves of the same camera chip. To validate this method, we studied the recruitment of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the chromatin remodeler ALC1. In accordance with the published data based on single fluorophore imaging, simultaneous dual-channel imaging revealed that PARP1 regulates fast recruitment and dissociation of PARG and that in PARP1-depleted cells PARG and PCNA are recruited with comparable kinetics. This approach is particularly advantageous for analyzing the recruitment sequence of fast-recruiting proteins such as PARP1 and ALC1, and revealed that PARP1 is recruited faster than ALC1. Split-view imaging can be incorporated into any laser microirradiation-adapted microscopy setup together with a recruitment-dedicated image analysis package.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Garbrecht
- a Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories , University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Harald Hornegger
- a Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories , University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Sebastien Herbert
- a Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories , University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Tanja Kaufmann
- a Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories , University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Josef Gotzmann
- b Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL) , Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- c VBCF-Advanced Microscopy , Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Dea Slade
- a Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories , University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC) , Vienna , Austria
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Elsayad K, Polakova S, Gregan J. Probing Mechanical Properties in Biology Using Brillouin Microscopy. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:608-611. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Elsayad K, Palombo F, Dehoux T, Fioretto D. Brillouin Light Scattering Microspectroscopy for Biomedical Research and Applications: introduction to feature issue. Biomed Opt Express 2019; 10:2670-2673. [PMID: 31143507 PMCID: PMC6524607 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There has been a marked revival of interest in brillouin light scattering spectroscopy/microscopy over the last decade in regards to applications related to all optically studying the mechanical problems associated with systems of biological and medical interest. This revival has been driven by advancements in spectrometer design, together with mounting evidence of the critical role that mechanical properties can play in biological processes as well as the onset of diverse diseases. This feature issue contains a series of papers spanning some of the latest developments in the field of Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy and microscopy as applied to systems of biomedical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Elsayad
- VBCF-Advanced Microscopy, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, Vienna, A-1030, Austria
| | - Francesca Palombo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Thomas Dehoux
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM) - Unita` di Perugia, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Perugia I-06100, Italy
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13
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Andriotis OG, Elsayad K, Smart DE, Nalbach M, Davies DE, Thurner PJ. Hydration and nanomechanical changes in collagen fibrils bearing advanced glycation end-products. Biomed Opt Express 2019; 10:1841-1855. [PMID: 31086707 PMCID: PMC6484996 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.001841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in biological tissues occurs as a consequence of normal ageing and pathology. Most biological tissues are composed of considerable amounts of collagen, with collagen fibrils being the most abundant form. Collagen fibrils are the smallest discernible structural elements of load-bearing tissues and as such, they are of high biomechanical importance. The low turnover of collagen cause AGEs to accumulate within the collagen fibrils with normal ageing as well as in pathologies. We hypothesized that collagen fibrils bearing AGEs have altered hydration and mechanical properties. To this end, we employed atomic force and Brillouin light scattering microscopy to measure the extent of hydration as well as the transverse elastic properties of collagen fibrils treated with ribose. We find that hydration is different in collagen fibrils bearing AGEs and this is directly related to their mechanical properties. Collagen fibrils treated with ribose showed increased hydration levels and decreased transverse stiffness compared to controlled samples. Our results show that BLS and AFM yield complementary evidence on the effect of hydration on the nanomechanical properties of collagen fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestis G. Andriotis
- Insitute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Advanced Microscopy Section, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities GmbH, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - David E. Smart
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Mathis Nalbach
- Insitute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Donna E. Davies
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Philipp J. Thurner
- Insitute of Lightweight Design and Structural Biomechanics, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, 1060 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Kaufmann T, Grishkovskaya I, Polyansky AA, Kostrhon S, Kukolj E, Olek KM, Herbert S, Beltzung E, Mechtler K, Peterbauer T, Gotzmann J, Zhang L, Hartl M, Zagrovic B, Elsayad K, Djinovic-Carugo K, Slade D. A novel non-canonical PIP-box mediates PARG interaction with PCNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:9741-9759. [PMID: 28934471 PMCID: PMC5766153 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) regulates cellular poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) levels by rapidly cleaving glycosidic bonds between ADP-ribose units. PARG interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and is strongly recruited to DNA damage sites in a PAR- and PCNA-dependent fashion. Here we identified PARG acetylation site K409 that is essential for its interaction with PCNA, its localization within replication foci and its recruitment to DNA damage sites. We found K409 to be part of a non-canonical PIP-box within the PARG disordered regulatory region. The previously identified putative N-terminal PIP-box does not bind PCNA directly but contributes to PARG localization within replication foci. X-ray structure and MD simulations reveal that the PARG non-canonical PIP-box binds PCNA in a manner similar to other canonical PIP-boxes and may represent a new type of PIP-box. While the binding of previously described PIP-boxes is based on hydrophobic interactions, PARG PIP-box binds PCNA via both stabilizing hydrophobic and fine-tuning electrostatic interactions. Our data explain the mechanism of PARG–PCNA interaction through a new PARG PIP-box that exhibits non-canonical sequence properties but a canonical mode of PCNA binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kaufmann
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Irina Grishkovskaya
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton A Polyansky
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Kostrhon
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Kukolj
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin M Olek
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastien Herbert
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Etienne Beltzung
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Mechtler
- Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Peterbauer
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Josef Gotzmann
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- VBCF-Advanced Microscopy, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Hartl
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bojan Zagrovic
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- VBCF-Advanced Microscopy, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Djinovic-Carugo
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030 Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecčna pot 113, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dea Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria
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15
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Kroeger K, Elsayad K, Moustakis C, Haverkamp U, Eich H. Minimal Risk of Acute and Late Toxicities Following Low-Dose Total Skin Electron Beam for Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Schreiber B, Elsayad K, Heinze KG. Axicon-based Bessel beams for flat-field illumination in total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Opt Lett 2017; 42:3880-3883. [PMID: 28957150 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.003880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRF-M) provides low-invasive high-contrast surface imaging with optical sectioning of typically 100-200 nm. Thus, TIRF-M has become an established tool for imaging surfaces, including cell membranes. For TIRF-M, a homogenous evanescent field of excitation over the whole field of view is generally desired for quantitative microscopy; however, this is not necessarily straightforward to generate with Gaussian beams. In recent years, several improvements on TIRF-M have been developed that have addressed non-uniform scattering fringes and other artifacts. Here, we introduce a cost-effective TIRF setup with a very low degree of complexity and no moving parts, which provides a flattop-like excitation profile. The setup uses a tunable laser ring zoom focus system to generate a full 360° TIRF illumination. Two axicon lenses and one focus lens allow for generation and control of the ring diameter to tune the TIRF excitation angle. We show that 360° laser illumination in combination with a radial polarizer will generate an evanescent Bessel-beam excitation field that exhibits a flattop intensity over an extended part of the field of view, and demonstrate the advantages of this axicon-based Bessel beam illumination for live-cell imaging.
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17
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Elsayad K. Frequency Extrapolation of Mechanical Properties Obtained from Brillouin Scattering Measurements in Biological Samples. Biophys J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.11.3152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Scobioala S, Kittel C, Haverkamp U, Channaoui M, Habibeh O, Elsayad K, Eich H. A Dosimetric Comparison Between Conventionally Fractionated Tomotherapy, Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy, Sliding Window and Proton Therapy, and Hypofractionated Robotic Radiosurgery Treatment by Low-Risk Prostate Carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Elsayad K, Werner S, Gallemí M, Kong J, Sánchez Guajardo ER, Zhang L, Jaillais Y, Greb T, Belkhadir Y. Mapping the subcellular mechanical properties of live cells in tissues with fluorescence emission-Brillouin imaging. Sci Signal 2016; 9:rs5. [PMID: 27382028 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf6326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrices (ECMs) are central to the advent of multicellular life, and their mechanical properties are modulated by and impinge on intracellular signaling pathways that regulate vital cellular functions. High spatial-resolution mapping of mechanical properties in live cells is, however, extremely challenging. Thus, our understanding of how signaling pathways process physiological signals to generate appropriate mechanical responses is limited. We introduce fluorescence emission-Brillouin scattering imaging (FBi), a method for the parallel and all-optical measurements of mechanical properties and fluorescence at the submicrometer scale in living organisms. Using FBi, we showed that changes in cellular hydrostatic pressure and cytoplasm viscoelasticity modulate the mechanical signatures of plant ECMs. We further established that the measured "stiffness" of plant ECMs is symmetrically patterned in hypocotyl cells undergoing directional growth. Finally, application of this method to Arabidopsis thaliana with photoreceptor mutants revealed that red and far-red light signals are essential modulators of ECM viscoelasticity. By mapping the viscoelastic signatures of a complex ECM, we provide proof of principle for the organism-wide applicability of FBi for measuring the mechanical outputs of intracellular signaling pathways. As such, our work has implications for investigations of mechanosignaling pathways and developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Elsayad
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Stephanie Werner
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marçal Gallemí
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jixiang Kong
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Lijuan Zhang
- Advanced Microscopy Facility, Vienna Biocenter Core Facilities, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvon Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Univ Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRA, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Greb
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Youssef Belkhadir
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Biocenter, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
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Elsayad K, Gallemi M, Sanchez-Guajardo ER, Zhang L, Belkhadir Y. Correlative Flourescence - Brillouin Scattering Imaging of Plants. Biophys J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.11.2628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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21
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Elsayad K, Bauch J, Moustakis C, Reinartz G, Kriz J, Haverkamp U, Eich H. Total Skin Electron Beam Therapy for Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome: The Influence of Delivered Radiation Dose on the Clinical Outcome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Elsayad K, Scobioala S, Kriz J, Ernst I, Haverkamp U, Eich H. Image Guided and Adaptive Radiation Therapy for Lung Cancer Using Kilovoltage Cone Beam CT: A Quantitative Volumetric Analysis During Treatment Course. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2015.07.1582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Breuss M, Morandell J, Nimpf S, Gstrein T, Lauwers M, Hochstoeger T, Braun A, Chan K, Sánchez Guajardo ER, Zhang L, Suplata M, Heinze KG, Elsayad K, Keays DA. The expression of tubb2bundergoes a developmental transition in murine cortical neurons. J Comp Neurol 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.23881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Breuss
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Jasmin Morandell
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Simon Nimpf
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Thomas Gstrein
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Mattias Lauwers
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Tobias Hochstoeger
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Andreas Braun
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG); 08003 Barcelona Spain
| | - Kelvin Chan
- Medical Scientist Training Program; Stony Brook University Medical Center; Stony Brook New York 11794
| | | | - Lijuan Zhang
- Advanced Microscopy; Campus Science Support Facilities (CSF); Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - Marek Suplata
- Rudolf Virchow Center; DFG-Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine of the University of Würzburg; Würzburg 97080 Germany
| | - Katrin G. Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center; DFG-Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine of the University of Würzburg; Würzburg 97080 Germany
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Advanced Microscopy; Campus Science Support Facilities (CSF); Vienna 1030 Austria
| | - David A. Keays
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology; Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna 1030 Austria
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Breuss M, Morandell J, Nimpf S, Gstrein T, Lauwers M, Hochstoeger T, Braun A, Chan K, Sánchez Guajardo ER, Zhang L, Suplata M, Heinze KG, Elsayad K, Keays DA. The Expression of Tubb2b Undergoes a Developmental Transition in Murine Cortical Neurons. J Comp Neurol 2015; 523:2161-86. [PMID: 26105993 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The development of the mammalian brain requires the generation, migration, and differentiation of neurons, cellular processes that are dependent on a dynamic microtubule cytoskeleton. Mutations in tubulin genes, which encode for the structural subunits of microtubules, cause detrimental neurological disorders known as the tubulinopathies. The disease spectra associated with different tubulin genes are overlapping but distinct, an observation believed to reflect functional specification of this multigene family. Perturbation of the β-tubulin TUBB2B is known to cause polymicrogyria, pachygyria, microcephaly, and axon guidance defects. Here we provide a detailed analysis of the expression pattern of its murine homolog Tubb2b. The generation and characterization of BAC-transgenic eGFP reporter mouse lines has revealed that it is highly expressed in progenitors and postmitotic neurons during cortical development. This contrasts with the 8-week-old cortex, in which Tubb2b expression is restricted to macroglia, and expression is almost completely absent in mature neurons. This developmental transition in neurons is mirrored in the adult hippocampus and the cerebellum but is not a universal feature of Tubb2b; its expression persists in a population of postmitotic neurons in the 8-week-old retina. We propose that the dynamic spatial and temporal expression of Tubb2b reflects specific functional requirements of the microtubule cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Breuss
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Jasmin Morandell
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Simon Nimpf
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Thomas Gstrein
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Mattias Lauwers
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Tobias Hochstoeger
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Andreas Braun
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria.,Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kelvin Chan
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York, 11794
| | | | - Lijuan Zhang
- Advanced Microscopy, Campus Science Support Facilities (CSF), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Marek Suplata
- Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG-Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine of the University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center, DFG-Research Center for Experimental Biomedicine of the University of Würzburg, Würzburg, 97080, Germany
| | - Kareem Elsayad
- Advanced Microscopy, Campus Science Support Facilities (CSF), Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - David A Keays
- IMP-Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, 1030, Austria
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Elsayad K, Urich A, Nemethova M, Small V, Unterrainer K, Heinze K. Color Coded Optical Nano-Sectioning (COCOS) Reveals Focal Adhesion Dynamics. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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26
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Neumüller KG, Elsayad K, Waxham MN, Heinze K. Photounbinding of Fluorescent Proteins. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.2135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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27
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Abstract
It has been shown that thin metal-based films can at certain frequencies act as planar near-field lenses for certain polarization components. A desirable property of such “lenses” is that they can also enhance and focus some large transverse spatial frequency components which contain sub-diffraction limit details. Over the last decade there has been much work in optimizing designs to reduce effects (such as material losses and surface roughness) that are detrimental to image reconstruction. One design that can reduce some of these undesirable effects, and which has received a fair amount of attention recently, is the stacked metal-dielectric superlens. Here we theoretically explore the imaging ability of such a design for the specific purpose of imaging a fluorescent dye (the common bio-marker GFP) in the vicinity of the superlens surface. Our calculations take into consideration the interaction (damping) of an oscillating electric dipole with the metallic layers in the superlens. We also assume a Gaussian frequency distribution spectrum for the dipole. We treat the metallic-alloy and dielectric-alloy layers separately using an appropriate effective medium theory. The transmission properties are evaluated via Transfer matrix (-matrix) calculations that were performed in the MatLab and MathCad environments. Our study shows that it is in principle possible to image fluorescent molecules using a simple bilayer planar superlens. We find that optimal parameters for such a superlens occur when the peak dipole emission-frequency is slightly offset from the Surface Plasmon resonance frequency of the metal-dielectric interfaces. The best resolution is obtained when the fluorescent molecules are not too close ( nm) or too far ( nm) from the superlens surface. The realization and application of a superlens with the specified design is possible using current nanofabrication techniques. When combined with e.g. a sub-wavelength grating structure (such as in the far-field superlens design previously proposed [1]) or a fast near-field scanning probe, it could provide a means for fast fluorescent imaging with sub-diffraction limit resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareem Elsayad
- Optical Engineering, Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna, Austria.
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