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Wang Z, Georgarakis K, Nakayama KS, Li Y, Tsarkov AA, Xie G, Dudina D, Louzguine-Luzgin DV, Yavari AR. Microstructure and mechanical behavior of metallic glass fiber-reinforced Al alloy matrix composites. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24384. [PMID: 27067824 PMCID: PMC4828712 DOI: 10.1038/srep24384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic glass-reinforced metal matrix composites are an emerging class of composite materials. The metallic nature and the high mechanical strength of the reinforcing phase offers unique possibilities for improving the engineering performance of composites. Understanding the structure at the amorphous/crystalline interfaces and the deformation behavior of these composites is of vital importance for their further development and potential application. In the present work, Zr-based metallic glass fibers have been introduced in Al7075 alloy (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) matrices using spark plasma sintering (SPS) producing composites with low porosity. The addition of metallic glass reinforcements in the Al-based matrix significantly improves the mechanical behavior of the composites in compression. High-resolution TEM observations at the interface reveal the formation of a thin interdiffusion layer able to provide good bonding between the reinforcing phase and the Al-based matrix. The deformation behavior of the composites was studied, indicating that local plastic deformation occurred in the matrix near the glassy reinforcements followed by the initiation and propagation of cracks mainly through the matrix. The reinforcing phase is seen to inhibit the plastic deformation and retard the crack propagation. The findings offer new insights into the mechanical behavior of metal matrix composites reinforced with metallic glasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Wang
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - K Georgarakis
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Euronano SIMaP, Institut Polytechnique (INP) de Grenoble, St-Martin-d'Hères, 38402, France
| | - K S Nakayama
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Y Li
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - A A Tsarkov
- National University of Science and Technology "MISiS", Moscow, 119049, Russia
| | - G Xie
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - D Dudina
- Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - D V Louzguine-Luzgin
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - A R Yavari
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Euronano SIMaP, Institut Polytechnique (INP) de Grenoble, St-Martin-d'Hères, 38402, France
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Kim DS, Burt AA, Ranchalis JE, Richter RJ, Marshall JK, Nakayama KS, Jarvik ER, Eintracht JF, Rosenthal EA, Furlong CE, Jarvik GP. Dietary cholesterol increases paraoxonase 1 enzyme activity. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:2450-8. [PMID: 22896672 PMCID: PMC3466014 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p030601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
HDL-associated paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity has been consistently associated with cardiovascular and other diseases. Vitamins C and E intake have previously been positively associated with PON1 in a subset of the Carotid Lesion Epidemiology and Risk (CLEAR) cohort. The goal of this study was to replicate these findings and determine whether other nutrient intake affected PON1 activity. To predict nutrient and mineral intake values, 1,402 subjects completed a standardized food frequency survey of their dietary habits over the past year. Stepwise regression was used to evaluate dietary and covariate effects on PON1 arylesterase activity. Five dietary components, cholesterol (P < 2.0 × 10(-16)), alcohol (P = 8.51 × 10(-8)), vitamin C (P = 7.97 × 10(-5)), iron (P = 0.0026), and folic acid (0.037) were independently predictive of PON1 activity. Dietary cholesterol was positively associated and predicted 5.5% of PON1 activity, second in variance explained. This study presents a novel finding of dietary cholesterol, iron, and folic acid predicting PON1 activity in humans and confirms prior reported associations, including that with vitamin C. Identifying and understanding environmental factors that affect PON1 activity is necessary to understand its role and that of HDL in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Kim
- Department of Medicine and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Fujikawa Y, Kuwano S, Nakayama KS, Nagao T, Sadowski JT, Bahktizin RZ, Sakurai T, Asari Y, Nara J, Ohno T. Fluorine diffusion assisted by diffusing silicon on the Si(111)-(7x7) surface. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:234710. [PMID: 19102555 DOI: 10.1063/1.3039873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The diffusion process of fluorine (F) atoms on the Si(111)-(7x7) surface is investigated using high-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy. The kinetic parameters of F hopping agree well with those of the diffusing silicon (Si) atoms, which implies that of all reaction processes, the Si diffusion serves as the rate-determining one. Deposition of Si on the surface is found to enhance F hopping, which supports the above-mentioned observation. Theory reveals that the replacement of F adsorption sites by diffusing Si atoms is the key process in the diffusion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fujikawa
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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Wu K, Fujikawa Y, Nagao T, Hasegawa Y, Nakayama KS, Xue QK, Wang EG, Briere T, Kumar V, Kawazoe Y, Zhang SB, Sakurai T. Na adsorption on the Si111-(7 x 7) surface: from two-dimensional gas to nanocluster array. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 91:126101. [PMID: 14525375 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.126101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have systematically investigated Na adsorption on the Si(111)-(7 x 7) surface at room temperature using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Below the critical coverage of 0.08 monolayer, we find intriguing contrast modulation instead of localized Na adsorbates, coupled with streaky noise in the STM images, which is accompanied by monotonic work function drop. Above the critical coverage, Na clusters emerge and form a self-assembled array. Combined with first-principles theoretical simulations, we conclude that the Na atoms on the (7 x 7) surface are, while strongly bound ( approximately 2.2 eV) to the surface, highly mobile in "basins" around the Si rest atoms, forming a two-dimensional gas phase at the initial coverage, and that the cluster at the higher coverage consists of six Na atoms together with three Si adatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehui Wu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-855, Japan
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