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Gliga AR, Grahn K, Gustavsson P, Ljungman P P, Albin M, Selander J, Broberg K. Short and long-term associations between serum proteins linked to cardiovascular disease and particle exposure among constructions workers. Scand J Work Environ Health 2023; 49:145-154. [PMID: 36409488 PMCID: PMC10577013 DOI: 10.5271/sjweh.4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Construction workers are exposed to respirable dust, including respirable crystalline silica (RCS), which is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether exposure to particles among construction workers is associated with short- and long-term alterations in CVD-related serum proteins. METHODS Using proximity extension assay, we measured 92 serum proteins linked to CVD among active male construction workers (N=65, non-smokers) sampled on two occasions: during work and after vacation. First, we used linear models to identify short-term changes in proteins associated with particle exposure (assessed as respirable dust and RCS) during work. Secondly, we used linear mixed models to evaluate whether these associations were long-term, ie, persistent after vacation. RESULTS The median exposure to respirable dust and RCS during work were 0.25 mg/m3 and 0.01 mg/m3, respectively. Respirable dust was associated with short-term changes in six proteins (tissue factor, growth hormone, heme oxygenase-1, dickkopf-related protein-1, platelet-derived growth factor-B, stem cell factor); long-term associations were observed for the former three proteins. RCS was associated with short-term changes in five proteins (carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule-8, hydroxyacid oxidase-1, tissue factor, carbonic anhydrase-5A, lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1); long-term associations were observed for the former four proteins. CONCLUSIONS Moderate exposure to particles in the construction industry is associated with both short- and long-term changes in circulating CVD-related proteins. Further studies are needed to evaluate if these changes are predictors of occupationally induced clinical CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda R Gliga
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Grahn K, Broberg K, Gustavsson P, Ljungman P, Lindfors P, Sjöström M, Wiebert P, Selander J. Occupational exposure to particles and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease-during work and after vacation. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2022; 95:1537-1548. [PMID: 35819531 PMCID: PMC9424160 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective Ambient particle matter is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, little is known about associations between particles in occupational settings and risk of CVD. We investigated associations between occupational dust exposure and biomarkers of CVD, and potential recovery effects after vacation. Methods Personal dust exposure measurements (respirable silica, respirable dust < 4 µm, and particles of 0.1–10 µm (PM 0.1–10) were conducted once, and biological sampling were performed twice on non-smoking, male construction workers in Stockholm county, Sweden; during work and immediately after summer vacation. Linear regressions with adjustments for confounders and covariates were performed evaluating associations between occupational dust exposure and biomarkers. Paired t tests were performed evaluating changes before and after vacation. Results Sixty-five workers participated. Homocysteine concentrations were significantly higher with increasing concentrations (mg/m3) of respirable silica, respirable dust, and PM 0.1–10, and pulse rate with higher levels of respirable dust and dust of PM 0.1–10. Homocysteine levels were also positively correlated to number of years of dust exposure, as were low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. A clear recovery effect was present for LDL after vacation, but not for homocysteine. Conclusions Occupational dust exposure was associated with some CVD risk markers, even at mean exposure concentrations below the Swedish occupational exposure limits for respirable silica and respirable dust, respectively. Vacation resulted in recovery for some risk markers. However, the change of the homocysteine and LDL levels suggest a long-term effect. Reduction of occupational exposure to dust may decrease the risk of CVD among exposed workers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00420-022-01900-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Grahn
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| | - Petra Lindfors
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mattias Sjöström
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hertting K, Grahn K, Wagnsson S. Supportive Communities: Conceptualizing Supportive Structures for Coaches’ Learning and Well-Being in Community Youth Soccer. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19148249. [PMID: 35886112 PMCID: PMC9323842 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sweden has an extensive culture of community club sports for children and youths, based on voluntary leadership. Being a voluntary coach can be stressful and can affect coaches’ well-being. Since voluntary coaching is closely connected to and conditioned by family life and civil occupation, coaches need support for practical issues as well as for developing their coaching assignment in relation to the constantly changing conditions within sports for children and youths. The aim of this paper was to conceptualize and problematize the supportive structures in everyday activities, in order to promote learning and well-being and to prevent mental health issues. This paper is conceptual and based on a paradigm case. The starting point is communities of practice (CoP) and how CoPs can contribute to the development of supportive structures for coaches in youth sports. In conclusion, a CoP is dependent on negotiation within the coaching team as well as on facilitating factors that can add knowledge, perspectives, and experiences to the CoP. The facilitating factors mean that a CoP has the potential to be health-promoting for both coaches and players. Hence, it is important to create conditions, structures, and support—such as policies, practice-based education, mentorship, and facilitators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krister Hertting
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, 30118 Halmstad, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-35-167-682
| | - Karin Grahn
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Stefan Wagnsson
- Department of Educational Studies, Karlstad University, 65188 Karlstad, Sweden;
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Grahn K, Selander J, Ljungman P, Gustavsson P, Lindfors P, Wiebert P, Sjöström M, Broberg K. Occupational exposure to different dusts and early effects on the cardiovascular system – during work and immediately after vacation. Saf Health Work 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2021.12.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Grahn K, Gustavsson P, Andersson T, Lindén A, Hemmingsson T, Selander J, Wiebert P. Occupational exposure to particles and increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden. Environ Res 2021; 200:111739. [PMID: 34302831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disorder. Next to tobacco smoking, occupational exposure is the most important risk factor for COPD in high-income countries. To enable preventative measures, more knowledge is needed on which specific occupational exposures that are related to risk of developing COPD in men and women. METHODS A population-based cohort was formed from subjects responding to the Stockholm Public Health Surveys in 2002, 2006, and 2010, followed up until 2014. The dataset was linked to a quantitative job exposure matrix via occupational titles from the 1990 nation-wide Population and housing census. We identified COPD among subjects having medication for COPD and/or reporting a physician's diagnosis of COPD. The gender-specific risks to develop COPD from occupational particle-exposure were estimated by proportional hazards regression model, adjusted for age and individual data on tobacco-smoking. RESULTS Men exposed to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) (HR 1.46, CI 1.13-1.90), gypsum and insulation material (HR 1.56, CI 1.18-2.05), diesel exhaust (HR 1.18, CI 0.99-1.41) and high levels of particles from asphalt/bitumen (HR 1.71, CI 1.06-2.76) as well as welding fumes (HR 1.57, CI 1.12-2.21) had an increased smoking-adjusted risk for developing COPD. An increased risk was also observed among women highly exposed to various organic particles from soil, leather, plastic, soot, animal, textile, flour (HR 1.53, CI 1.15-2.04). Furthermore, a significant positive exposure-response trend was found among men exposed to RCS, iron dust, gypsum and insulation material, and diesel exhaust. A tendency towards an exposure-response relationship was also seen among both men and women exposed to welding fumes and various organic particles, and among men exposed to particles from asphalt/bitumen. The population attributable fraction for COPD from occupational exposure to particles was 10.6% among men and 6.1% among women. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates an increased smoking-adjusted risk of developing of COPD due to occupational exposure to particles. A positive exposure-response relationship was found for RCS, gypsum and insulation, diesel exhaust, and welding fumes. Also, exposure to high levels of asphalt/bitumen and various organic particles was associated with a higher risk for COPD. Reduction of these exposures in the work environment are important to prevent future cases of COPD. More studies are needed to investigate exposure-response relationships further, but this study indicates that the European occupational exposure limit (OEL) for RCS needs to be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Grahn
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Per Gustavsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Andersson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Anders Lindén
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, NB6:03 Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Lung & Airway Research, Karolinska Institutet, PO Box 210, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Tomas Hemmingsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pernilla Wiebert
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit for Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Solnavägen 4, Plan 10, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Broberg K, Svensson J, Grahn K, Assarsson E, Åberg M, Selander J, Enroth S. Evaluation of 92 cardiovascular proteins in dried blood spots collected under field-conditions: Off-the-shelf affinity-based multiplexed assays work well, allowing for simplified sample collection. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2000299. [PMID: 33586222 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Workplace-collected blood spots deposited on filter paper were analysed with multiplexed affinity-based protein assays and found to be suitable for proteomics analysis. The protein extension assay (PEA) was used to characterize 92 proteins using 1.2 mm punches in repeated samples collected from 20 workers. Overall, 97.8% of the samples and 91.3% of the analysed proteins passed quality control. Both within and between spot correlations using six replicates from the same individual were above 0.99, suggesting that comparable levels are obtained from multiple punches from the same spot and from consecutive spots. Protein levels from dried blood and wet serum from the same individuals were compared and the majority of the analysed proteins were found to be significantly correlated. These results open up for simplified sample collection of blood in field conditions for proteomic analysis, but also highlight that not all proteins can be robustly measured from dried whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Svensson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karin Grahn
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Assarsson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Mikael Åberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stefan Enroth
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Biomedical Center, Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab) Uppsala, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Grahn K, Wikström S, Nyman L, Rydberg A, Stecksén-Blicks C. Attitudes about dental care among parents whose children suffer from severe congenital heart disease: a case-control study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2006; 16:231-8. [PMID: 16759319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263x.2006.00736.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine attitudes and experiences of parents whose children have complex congenital heart disease (CHD) with respect to dental health information and advice, dental care, and service and to compare the results with data from an age- and gender-matched control group without any medical problems. SETTING Faculty of Medicine (Paediatric Cardiology and Paediatric Dentistry), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. SAMPLE AND METHOD Each group comprised parents of 33 children; the children's mean age was 9.4 years. All the cases and the controls resided in the county of Västerbotten, northern Sweden. Data were collected with a questionnaire with 20 joint questions to both groups and four additional questions to the CHD group. RESULTS Of the 20 joint questions, significant differences were displayed in the following areas: the professional group that provided the parents with dental health information and advice (P < 0.01), attitudes to reception at the dental clinic, and experience of sedation before operative dental treatment (P < 0.05). Parents to 11 children with CHD who were patients at a specialist clinic for paediatric dentistry scored the reception at the dental clinic as excellent in nine cases and satisfactory in two, compared to excellent (3), satisfactory (11), decent (4), and poor (4) among those who were patients in general dental practice (P < 0.01). No statistically significant differences in educational level or in parental experience of dental health were noted between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Children with CHD in northern Sweden mainly receive their dental health information from a physician or a dentist, and healthy children mainly receive information from a dental hygienist indicating that children with CHD are given priority in the dental care system. Parental attitudes to reception in the dental service differed, and parents of healthy children scored the reception at the dental clinic better than parents of children with CHD. It is suggested that children with severe CHD should receive dental care in clinics for paediatric dentistry, particularly at early ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Grahn
- Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Wålinder O, Grahn K, Adolfsson G, Boethius G. [A study circle is better than a health resort--a comparison between dieting methods]. Lakartidningen 1991; 88:22, 24. [PMID: 2002708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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