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Gonzalez-Becerra K, Barron-Cabrera E, Muñoz-Valle JF, Torres-Castillo N, Rivera-Valdes JJ, Rodriguez-Echevarria R, Martinez-Lopez E. A Balanced Dietary Ratio of n-6:n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Exerts an Effect on Total Fatty Acid Profile in RBCs and Inflammatory Markers in Subjects with Obesity. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2333. [PMID: 37628530 PMCID: PMC10454033 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can reduce inflammatory markers and may therefore be useful in obesity management. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of supplementation with n-3 PUFAs on total fatty acid profile in red blood cells (RBCs), as well as biochemical and inflammatory markers, in subjects with obesity. The study consisted in a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial involving 41 subjects with obesity during a 4-month follow-up. Individuals were randomly assigned to two groups: n-3 PUFA supplementation (1.5 g fish oil) and placebo (1.5 g sunflower oil). Anthropometric, biochemical, dietetic, cytokine and total fatty acid profiles in RBCs were measured. Both groups increased their PUFA intake and DHA incorporation in RBCs. However, the placebo group showed a reduction in serum IL-8 and MCP-1 at the end of the study. A multiple linear regression model adjusted by body fat mass and sex showed that an increase in DHA in RBCs decreased the serum IL-8 levels in both study groups at the end of the study. Our results highlight the role of dietary DHA and n-3 supplementation usefulness in exerting beneficial anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Ocotlán 47810, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Elisa Barron-Cabrera
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía, Universidad Autónoma Sinaloa, Av Cedros y Calle Sauces S/N, Culiacán 80010, Sinaloa, Mexico;
| | - Jose F. Muñoz-Valle
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Juan J. Rivera-Valdes
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Roberto Rodriguez-Echevarria
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico; (N.T.-C.); (J.J.R.-V.); (R.R.-E.)
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Pérez-Beltrán YE, Rivera-Iñiguez I, Gonzalez-Becerra K, Pérez-Naitoh N, Tovar J, Sáyago-Ayerdi SG, Mendivil EJ. Personalized Dietary Recommendations Based on Lipid-Related Genetic Variants: A Systematic Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:830283. [PMID: 35387194 PMCID: PMC8979208 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.830283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and dyslipidemias are risk factors for developing cardiovascular diseases, the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis of these diseases involves environmental factors, such as nutrition, but other aspects like genetic polymorphisms confer susceptibility to developing obesity and dyslipidemias. In this sense, nutrigenetics is being used to study the influence of genetic variations on the circulating lipid responses promoted by certain nutrients or foods to provide specific dietary strategies considering the genetic factors in personalized nutrition interventions. Objective To identify throughout a systematic review the potential nutrigenetic recommendations that demonstrate a strong interaction between gene-diet and circulating lipid variations. Methods This systematic review used the PRISMA-Protocol for manuscript research and preparation using PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Human studies published in English from January 2010 to December 2020 were included. The main results were outcomes related to gene-diet interactions and plasmatic lipids variation. Results About 1,110 articles were identified, but only 38 were considered to fulfill the inclusion criteria established based on the reported data. The acquired information was organized based on gene-diet interaction with nutrients and components of the diet and dietary recommendation generated by each interaction: gene-diet interaction with dietary fats, carbohydrates or dietary fiber, gene-diet interaction with nutraceutical or dietary supplementation, and gene-diet interaction with proteins. Conclusion Findings included in this systematic review indicated that a certain percentage of dietary macronutrients, the consumption of specific amounts of polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids, as well as the ingestion of nutraceuticals or dietary supplements could be considered as potential strategies for the development of a wide range of nutrigenetic interventions since they have a direct impact on the blood levels of lipids. In this way, specific recommendations were identified as potential tools in developing precision diets and highlighted the importance of personalized nutrition. These recommendations may serve as a possible strategy to implement as dietary tools for the preventive treatment and control alterations in lipid metabolism. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021248816, identifier [CRD42021248816].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda E. Pérez-Beltrán
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic/Instituto Nacional de México, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Rivera-Iñiguez
- Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Naomi Pérez-Naitoh
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos, Departamento de Psicología, Educación y Salud, ITESO, Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque, Mexico
- Departamento de Salud, Universidad Iberoamericana (IBERO), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juscelino Tovar
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering, and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sonia G. Sáyago-Ayerdi
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic/Instituto Nacional de México, Tepic, Mexico
| | - Edgar J. Mendivil
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos, Departamento de Psicología, Educación y Salud, ITESO, Universidad Jesuita de Guadalajara, Tlaquepaque, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Edgar J. Mendivil
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Torres-Castillo N, Silva-Gómez JA, Campos-Perez W, Barron-Cabrera E, Hernandez-Cañaveral I, Garcia-Cazarin M, Marquez-Sandoval Y, Gonzalez-Becerra K, Barron-Gallardo C, Martinez-Lopez E. High Dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA Ratio Is Positively Associated with Excessive Adiposity and Waist Circumference. Obes Facts 2018; 11:344-353. [PMID: 30092569 PMCID: PMC6189529 DOI: 10.1159/000492116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze dietary ω-6:ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio and its association with adiposity and serum adiponectin levels in a Mexican population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, individuals with a BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2, were classified using four methods to measure adiposity. Parameters of body composition were measured by InBody 3.0. Diet intake was evaluated prospectively using a 3-day written food record. Serum high-molecular weight adiponectin isoform was measured using an ELISA assay. Biochemical and adiposity variables were analyzed by tertiles of dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio. RESULTS A total of 170 subjects were recruited with a mean age of 36.9 ± 11.8 years. The 73.5% of subjects were women. Subjects in the higher tertile of dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio had more adiposity and higher levels of triglycerides, VLDL-c, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR than those in the first tertile (p < 0.05). Adiponectin levels showed a trend according to dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio (p = 0.06). A linear regression model showed that waist circumference, insulin, and HOMA-IR have positive associations with dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio. CONCLUSION This study suggests that high dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio is positively associated with excessive adiposity and worse metabolic profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Antonio Silva-Gómez
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Wendy Campos-Perez
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Elisa Barron-Cabrera
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ivan Hernandez-Cañaveral
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Mary Garcia-Cazarin
- Office of Disease Prevention, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yolanda Marquez-Sandoval
- Department of Human Reproduction and Child Growth and Development, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Carlos Barron-Gallardo
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- Medical Molecular Biology Service, “Fray Antonio Alcalde” Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Gonzalez-Becerra K, Ramos-Lopez O, Garcia-Cazarin ML, Barron-Cabrera E, Panduro A, Martinez-Lopez E. Associations of the lipid genetic variants Thr54 ( FABP2) and -493T ( MTTP) with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in Mexican subjects. J Int Med Res 2018; 46:1467-1476. [PMID: 29338565 PMCID: PMC6091818 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517748518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Mexico has one of the world’s highest rates of obesity, which is influenced by lipid-genetic and lifestyle factors. This study aimed to determine whether FABP2 (Ala54Thr) and MTTP (-493 G/T) genetic polymorphisms are associated with metabolic disorders in Mexican subjects. Methods A total of 523 subjects participated in a cross-sectional study. Genotyping for FABP2 and MTTP was performed using real-time RT-PCR. Biochemical and anthropometric data were evaluated. Results The genetically at-risk group (Thr54/-493T) was associated with significantly higher total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (difference between genetically at-risk group and wild-type group: 10.6 mg/dL and 8.94 mg/dL, respectively). Carriers within the genetically at-risk group had a significantly higher prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia (42.5% vs. 32.0%) and higher LDL-C levels (37.6% vs. 26.4%) than did non-carriers. Conclusions Subjects who are genetically at risk (Thr54/-493T) have higher total cholesterol levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and prevalence rate of hypercholesterolaemia. These findings highlight the importance of basing nutritional intervention strategies for preventing and treating chronic diseases on individual genetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gonzalez-Becerra
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Omar Ramos-Lopez
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | | | - Elisa Barron-Cabrera
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Arturo Panduro
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Erika Martinez-Lopez
- 1 Medical Molecular Biology Service, "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Civil Hospital of Guadalajara, Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, 42571 University Center of Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara , Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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