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Dempsey R, Tamburrino G, Schewe KE, Crowe J, Nuccitelli A, Dibben O. Haemagglutinin substitutions N125D, D127E, D222G and R223Q improve replicative fitness and vaccine effectiveness of an A/H1N1pdm09 live attenuated influenza vaccine virus by enhancing α-2,6 receptor binding. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010585. [PMID: 35622874 PMCID: PMC9182293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During 2013–14 and 2015–16, A/H1N1pdm09 live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) viruses replicated inefficiently in primary human nasal epithelial cells (hNEC). This led to reduced vaccine effectiveness (VE) in quadrivalent formulations, mediated by inter-strain competition. By mutating the haemagglutinin (HA) protein, we aimed to enhance hNEC replication of a novel A/H1N1pdm09 vaccine strain to overcome competition and improve VE. Combinations of N125D, D127E, D222G and R223Q substitutions were introduced to the HA protein of A/Slovenia/2903/2015 (A/SLOV15). A/SLOV15 S13, containing all four HA substitutions, produced approximately 1000-fold more virus than parental V1 during hNEC infection. Immunogenicity in ferrets was increased by approximately 10-fold, without compromising yield in eggs or antigenic match to wild-type (wt) reference strains. Despite S13 and V1 being antigenically similar, only S13 protected ferrets from wt virus shedding and fever post-challenge. Crucially, these data suggested that enhanced fitness allowed S13 to overcome inter-strain competition in quadrivalent LAIV (QLAIV). This improved efficacy was later validated by real-world VE data. S13 displayed increased binding avidity to a mammalian-like α-2,6 receptor analogue (6-SLN), relative to V1, while maintaining avian-like 3-SLN avidity. In silico modelling of the HA receptor binding site revealed additional interactions in the S13:6-SLN binding network and a mild increase in 6-SLN binding energy, indicating a possible mechanism for increased α-2,6 receptor-binding avidity. These data confirm that rational HA mutagenesis can be used to optimise hNEC replication and VE for A/H1N1pdm09 LAIV viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Dempsey
- Flu-BPD, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Giulia Tamburrino
- In vivo expressed biologics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jonathan Crowe
- Flu-BPD, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Annalisa Nuccitelli
- In vivo expressed biologics, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Dibben
- Flu-BPD, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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2
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Ryan KA, Schewe KE, Crowe J, Fotheringham SA, Hall Y, Humphreys R, Marriott AC, Paterson J, Rayner E, Salguero FJ, Watson RJ, Whittaker CJ, Carroll MW, Dibben O. Sequential delivery of LAIV and SARS-CoV-2 in the ferret model can reduce SARS-CoV-2 shedding and does not result in enhanced lung pathology. J Infect Dis 2021; 225:404-412. [PMID: 34893851 PMCID: PMC8689863 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-circulation of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses could pose unpredictable risks to health systems globally, with recent studies suggesting more severe disease outcomes in co-infected patients. The initial lack of a readily available COVID-19 vaccine has reinforced the importance of influenza vaccine programmes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (LAIV) is an important tool in protecting against influenza, particularly in children. However, it is unknown whether LAIV administration influences the outcomes of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection or disease. To investigate this, quadrivalent LAIV was administered to ferrets 3 days pre- or post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. LAIV administration did not exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 disease course or lung pathology with either regimen. Additionally, LAIV administered prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 replication and shedding in the upper respiratory tract. This study demonstrated that LAIV administration in close proximity to SARS-CoV-2 infection does not exacerbate mild disease and can reduce SARS-CoV-2 shedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Ryan
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna E Schewe
- Flu-BPD, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jonathan Crowe
- Flu-BPD, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Yper Hall
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Humphreys
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony C Marriott
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Jemma Paterson
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Rayner
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Robert J Watson
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Miles W Carroll
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, Wiltshire, United Kingdom.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, OX1 3SY, UK
| | - Oliver Dibben
- Flu-BPD, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Liverpool, UK
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Lucas S, Heim R, Ries C, Schewe KE, Birk B, Hartmann RW. In Vivo Active Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors with Improved Selectivity: Lead Optimization Providing a Series of Pyridine Substituted 3,4-Dihydro-1H-quinolin-2-one Derivatives. J Med Chem 2008; 51:8077-87. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800888q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lucas
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ralf Heim
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christina Ries
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katarzyna E. Schewe
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Barbara Birk
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Lucas S, Heim R, Negri M, Antes I, Ries C, Schewe KE, Bisi A, Gobbi S, Hartmann RW. Novel Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors with Extended Carbocyclic Skeleton by a Combined Ligand-Based and Structure-Based Drug Design Approach. J Med Chem 2008; 51:6138-49. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800683c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lucas
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ralf Heim
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Matthias Negri
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Iris Antes
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Christina Ries
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Katarzyna E. Schewe
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bisi
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Gobbi
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, I-40126 Bologna, Italy
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Heim R, Lucas S, Grombein CM, Ries C, Schewe KE, Negri M, Birk B, Hartmann RW. Overcoming Undesirable CYP1A2 Inhibition of Pyridylnaphthalene-Type Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitors: Influence of Heteroaryl Derivatization on Potency and Selectivity. J Med Chem 2008; 51:5064-74. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Heim
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Simon Lucas
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Cornelia M. Grombein
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christina Ries
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Katarzyna E. Schewe
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Matthias Negri
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Barbara Birk
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, P.O. Box 151150, D-66041 Saarbrücken, Germany, Pharmacelsus CRO, Science Park 2, D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Gobbi S, Cavalli A, Negri M, Schewe KE, Belluti F, Piazzi L, Hartmann RW, Recanatini M, Bisi A. Imidazolylmethylbenzophenones as Highly Potent Aromatase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2007; 50:3420-2. [PMID: 17585752 DOI: 10.1021/jm0702938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Suppression of tumor and plasma estrogen levels by inhibition of aromatase is one of the most effective treatments for postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Starting from an easy, synthetically accessible, benzophenone scaffold, a new class of potent aromatase inhibitors was synthesized, endowed with high selectivity with respect to 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17). Compounds 1b and 1d proved to be among the most potent inhibitors described so far.
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