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Ray A, Sarkar A, Banerjee S, Biswas K. Non-Canonical Targets of MicroRNAs: Role in Transcriptional Regulation, Disease Pathogenesis and Potential for Therapeutic Targets. Microrna 2024; 13:MIRNA-EPUB-137623. [PMID: 38317474 DOI: 10.2174/0122115366278651240105071533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of regulatory, non-coding small ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules found in eukaryotes. Dysregulated expression of microRNAs can lead to downregulation or upregulation of their target gene. In general, microRNAs bind with the Argonaute protein and its interacting partners to form a silencing complex. This silencing complex binds with fully or partial complementary sequences in the 3'-UTR of their cognate target mRNAs and leads to degradation of the transcripts or translational inhibition, respectively. However, recent developments point towards the ability of these microRNAs to bind to the promoters, enhancers or coding sequences, leading to upregulation of their target genes. This review briefly summarizes the various non-canonical binding sites of microRNA and their regulatory roles in various diseased conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Ray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Abhisek Sarkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Sounak Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
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Baidya A, Basu AK, Bhattacharjee R, Biswas D, Biswas K, Chakraborty PP, Chatterjee P, Chowdhury S, Dasgupta R, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giri D, Goswami S, Maisnam I, Maiti A, Mondal S, Mukhopadhyay P, Mukhopadhyay S, Mukhopadhyay S, Pal SK, Pandit K, Ray S, Chowdhury BR, Raychaudhuri M, Raychaudhuri P, Roy A, Sahana PK, Sanyal D, Sanyal T, Saraogi RK, Sarkar D, Sengupta N, Singh AK, Sinha A. Diagnostic approach in 46, XY DSD: an endocrine society of bengal (ESB) consensus statement. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2023; 36:4-18. [PMID: 36424806 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 46, XY difference/disorder of sex development (DSD) is a relatively uncommon group of heterogeneous disorders with varying degree of underandrogenization of male genitalia. Such patients should be approached systematically to reach an aetiological diagnosis. However, we lack, at present, a clinical practice guideline on diagnostic approach in 46, XY DSD from this part of the globe. Moreover, debate persists regarding the timing and cut-offs of different hormonal tests, performed in these cases. The consensus committee consisting of 34 highly experienced endocrinologists with interest and experience in managing DSD discussed and drafted a consensus statement on the diagnostic approach to 46, XY DSD focussing on relevant history, clinical examination, biochemical evaluation, imaging and genetic analysis. CONTENT The consensus was guided by systematic reviews of existing literature followed by discussion. An initial draft was prepared and distributed among the members. The members provided their scientific inputs, and all the relevant suggestions were incorporated. The final draft was approved by the committee members. SUMMARY The diagnostic approach in 46, XY DSD should be multidisciplinary although coordinated by an experienced endocrinologist. We recommend formal Karyotyping, even if Y chromosome material has been detected by other methods. Meticulous history taking and thorough head-to-toe examination should initially be performed with focus on external genitalia, including location of gonads. Decision regarding hormonal and other biochemical investigations should be made according to the age and interpreted according to age-appropriate norms Although LC-MS/MS is the preferred mode of steroid hormone measurements, immunoassays, which are widely available and less expensive, are acceptable alternatives. All patients with 46, XY DSD should undergo abdominopelvic ultrasonography by a trained radiologist. MRI of the abdomen and/or laparoscopy may be used to demonstrate the Mullerian structure and/or to localize the gonads. Genetic studies, which include copy number variation (CNV) or molecular testing of a candidate gene or next generation sequencing then should be ordered in a stepwise manner depending on the clinical, biochemical, hormonal, and radiological findings. OUTLOOK The members of the committee believe that patients with 46, XY DSD need to be approached systematically. The proposed diagnostic algorithm, provided in the consensus statement, is cost effective and when supplemented with appropriate genetic studies, may help to reach an aetiological diagnosis in majority of such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Baidya
- Department of Endocrinology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Asish Kumar Basu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rana Bhattacharjee
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Dibakar Biswas
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | | | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Ranen Dasgupta
- Department of Endocrinology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Amritava Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Soumik Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Indira Maisnam
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Animesh Maiti
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sunetra Mondal
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Pradip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Salil Kumar Pal
- Department of Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Kaushik Pandit
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantan Ray
- Department of Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Bibek Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Pradip Raychaudhuri
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajitesh Roy
- Department of Endocrinology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Sahana
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, IPGME&R/SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Debmalya Sanyal
- Department of Endocrinology, KPC Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | - Trinanjan Sanyal
- Department of Biochemistry, Malda Medical College & Hospital, Malda, India
| | | | - Dasarathi Sarkar
- Department of Endocrinology, G.D Hospital & Diabetes Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Nilanjan Sengupta
- Department of Endocrinology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Anirban Sinha
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Maitra S, Biswas K, Mandal S, Chowdhury A, Mandal M. Evaluation of diabetic foot ulcer with reference to demography, clinical presentation, and imaging modalities for diagnosis: An observational study. Asian J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v13i10.47843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Demography and clinical presentation of diabetic foot ulcer varies across geographical location. Multiple imaging modalities such as plain radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used to evaluate osteomyelitis or neuroarthropathy in diabetic foot. Plain radiography is a low cost and easily available test while MRI is reported to be of higher sensitivity and specificity for delineating the extent of soft tissue and bone involvement.
Aims and Objectives: The study was designed to determine the spectrum of demographic and clinical findings and to find the utility of different diagnostic modalities such as clinical, plain radiography, and MRI that were used to differentiate between osteomyelitis and neuroarthropathy.
Materials and Methods: After obtaining permission of Institute’s Ethics Committee’s permission, this observational study was carried out among patients, males and females aged 13 years and above, who presented with diabetic foot ulcer for treatment. The study spanned from March 2020 to August 2021 to reach a sample of 50 patients following non-random purposive sampling. A pro forma (containing history, physical examination findings, and laboratory investigations) was used to explore patient data. Besides clinical diagnosis, plain radiography and MRI were used to evaluate the clinical findings.
Results: In the study, most of the subjects were between 51 and 70 years of age having diabetes for a duration of 5–15 years. The basis of complications observed is infections, ischemia, and neuroarthropathy. Among the diagnostic modalities used to reach a diagnosis of osteomyelitis or neuroarthropathy, MRI was able to pick up the diagnosis in a greater number of patients for above two entities. Osteomyelitis was identified in 24 (48%) patients and neuroarthropathy was identified in 22 (44%) patients. Use of plain radiography helped in reaching diagnosis in 30% of patients for each category. Clinical diagnosis about osteomyelitis or neuroarthropathy was made in 22% and 26% of patients, respectively. However, on analysis, it was not significant.
Conclusion: The present study showed a male preponderance. Moreover, MRI was able to categorically diagnose different pathological parameters of osteomyelitis and neuroarthropathy. Marrow edema was detected in a larger proportion of patients among the MRI-diagnosed cases of osteomyelitis and neuroarthropathy. MRI appears to be more useful than plain radiography for clinical diagnosis.
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Debnath S, Sarkar A, Mukherjee DD, Ray S, Mahata B, Mahata T, Parida PK, Das T, Mukhopadhyay R, Ghosh Z, Biswas K. Eriodictyol mediated selective targeting of the TNFR1/FADD/TRADD axis in cancer cells induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor progression and metastasis. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101433. [PMID: 35462210 PMCID: PMC9046888 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Eriodictyol induces Selective Cytotoxicity to tumor cells. Eriodictyol enhances TNFR1 expression in cancer cells. Eriodictyol targets TNFR1 to selectively mediate apoptosis and cytotoxicity to cancer cells. Eriodictyol reduces tumour burden in experimentally induced lung metastasis in vivo.
While the anti-inflammatory activities of Eriodictyol, a plant-derived flavonoid is well-known, reports on its anti-cancer efficacy and selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells are still emerging. However, little is known regarding its mechanism of selective anti-cancer activities. Here, we show the mechanism of selective cytotoxicity of Eriodictyol towards cancer cells compared to normal cells. Investigation reveals that Eriodictyol significantly upregulates TNFR1 expression in tumor cells (HeLa and SK-RC-45) while sparing the normal cells (HEK, NKE and WI-38), which display negligible TNFR1 expression, irrespective of the absence or presence of Eriodictyol. Further investigation of the molecular events reveal that Eriodictyol induces apoptosis through expression of the pro-apoptotic DISC components leading to activation of the caspase cascade. In addition, CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout of TNFR1 completely blocks apoptosis in HeLa cells in response to Eriodictyol, confirming that Eriodictyol induced cancer cell apoptosis is indeed TNFR1-dependent. Finally, in vivo data demonstrates that Eriodictyol not only impedes tumor growth and progression, but also inhibits metastasis in mice implanted with 4T1 breast cancer cells. Thus, our study has identified Eriodictyol as a compound with high selectivity towards cancer cells through TNFR1 and suggests that it can be further explored for its prospect in cancer therapeutics.
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Lux CA, Biswas K, Taylor MW, Douglas RG. The in vitro efficacy of neutral electrolysed water and povidone-iodine against CRS-associated biofilms. Rhinology 2021; 60:73-80. [PMID: 34918717 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite best medical and surgical practice, some cases of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) can remain recalcitrant. Bacterial biofilms have been associated with the recalcitrance of sinonasal inflammation. Biofilms are highly resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Accordingly, more effective antimicrobial treatment options are needed to treat refractory CRS. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro efficacy of neutral electrolysed water (NEW) and povidone-iodine (PVI) against CRS-associated Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. METHODS Mature S. aureus biofilms were grown in a Centre for Disease Control (CDC) biofilm reactor. The antimicrobial activity of NEW, PVI and doxycycline was determined for both planktonic and biofilm cultures of a clinical S. aureus isolate using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) assays. RESULTS MICs and MBCs were determined for all antimicrobials. MBC values were similar to MICs for both antiseptics, but doxycycline MBCs were significantly higher than the associated MICs. Biofilms were highly resistant to NEW and doxycycline. The MBEC for doxycycline was between 500 and 1000 µg/mL. NEW was ineffective against biofilms and no MBEC could be determined. In contrast, a concentration of 10% of the commercial PVI solution (10 mg/mL PVI) led to effective eradication of mature biofilms. CONCLUSION In this study, only PVI showed promising antibiofilm activity at physiological concentrations. The in vivo efficacy of PVI warrants further investigation of its potential as a treatment for recalcitrant CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Lux
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Biswas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R G Douglas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Prasad S, Gaddam A, Jana A, Kant S, Sinha PK, Tripathy S, Annapurna K, Ferreira JMF, Allu AR, Biswas K. Correction to "Structure and Stability of High CaO- and P 2O 5-Containing Silicate and Borosilicate Bioactive Glasses". J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:8672. [PMID: 34313119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mukherjee A, Halder SK, Nandi S, Mandal M, Khanra D, Biswas K. A study on normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults. Indian Heart J 2020; 73:77-84. [PMID: 33714414 PMCID: PMC7961241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Various studies have shown racial differences in adult cardiac chamber measurements by echocardiography. There is lack of any large scale data from India regarding the echocardiographic chamber measurements in cardiologically healthy individuals. In this study we present the normal reference values of echocardiographic chamber dimensions in young eastern Indian adults and compare it with the data in present guidelines and recent studies involving Indian subjects. METHODS This study was performed on 1377 healthy adults aged 18-35 years. Standard transthoracic echocardiographies were performed to obtain basic measurements. All measurements were indexed to body surface area. RESULTS The mean maximal aortic valve cusp separation (ACS) and indexed ACS were significantly more in females (p = 0.002, p = 0.03). Mean left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) and LV fractional shortening were marginally higher in females. Upper normal reference limit of LV end diastolic dimension (LVEdD) is slightly more for males. Comparing to ASE data, LVEdD, LV end systolic dimension, LV end diastolic volume, indexed LV end systolic volume, left atrial anteroposterior dimension, aortic root dimension and right ventricle outflow diameter were significantly lower in study population while LVEF was significantly higher (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The study reconfirms that Indian subjects have smaller cardiac chamber measurements compared to western population where as LVEF is higher in the Indian population and also demonstrates the wide variation of normal echocardiographic measurements within Indian subcontinent. No previous data from eastern India makes this research a singular experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saumen Nandi
- Department of Chest Medicine, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, India.
| | | | - Dibbendhu Khanra
- Fellow of Electrophysiology and Devices, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, UK.
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Cardiology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, India.
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Makkar BM, Sinha AK, Suryanarayana KM, Chakravorty S, Sidduri SR, Ahmad A, Biswas K, Roy A, Mohan V. Two Decades of Gla-100-Reflections from the Pivotal Clinical Trials. J Assoc Physicians India 2020; 68:18-24. [PMID: 33247659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The progressive nature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) renders the shifting of patients from oral drugs to insulin therapy an inevitability in most patients especially in those with long duration of diabetes. At the turn of the last millennium, neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin was still the only long-acting insulin available for people with diabetes. The advent of the first truly long-acting basal insulin, i.e. insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Gla-100) brought to the table a remarkably long duration of action and a very minimal risk of hypoglycemia by due to less pronounced peaks in their action profile. Further, in trying to achieve fasting normoglycemia, Gla-100 has demonstrated remarkably more holistic glucose-lowering efficacy in several pivotal trials compared to other insulin formulations, such as premixed insulin and coformulations-apart from NPH insulin. This article delineates clinical data on the effectiveness of Gla-100 vs. other insulin formulations in the context of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brij Mohan Makkar
- Senior Consultant Endocrinologist, Dr. Makkar's diabetes and obesity center, Delhi
| | | | - K M Suryanarayana
- Senior Consultant, Department of Endocrinology, MS Ramaiah Memorial Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka
| | | | - Srinivas Rao Sidduri
- Senior Consultant Endocrinologist, Sreenidhi Diabetes Thyroid Endocrine Hospital, Karimnagar, Telangana
| | - Anish Ahmad
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Moulana Hospital, Malappuram, Kerala
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Consultant Endocrinologist, Medica Superspeciality Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal
| | - Anjan Roy
- Medical Affairs, Diabetes and Cardiovascular, Sanofi India Ltd
| | - Viswanathan Mohan
- Chairman and Chief Diabetologist, Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
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Nandi S, Mukherjee A, Khanra D, Biswas K. Retraction Note: Association of severity of coronary artery disease by SYNTAX score (SS) and lower extremity arterial disease by duplex ultrasound (DUS) study—an Indian perspective. Egypt Heart J 2020; 72:89. [PMID: 33373010 PMCID: PMC7770707 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-020-00130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-020-00091-z.
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Biswas K, Mukherjee A, Nandi S, Khanra D, Sharma RK, Maji S. Utility of global longitudinal strain to detect significant coronary artery disease, its extent and severity in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. Echocardiography 2020; 37:2000-2009. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Cardiology NRS Medical College Kolkata India
| | | | - Saumen Nandi
- Department of Cardiology NRS Medical College Kolkata India
| | - Dibbendhu Khanra
- Department of Cardiology Wolverhampton NHS Trust Wolverhampton UK
| | | | - Sujata Maji
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology NRS Medical College Kolkata India
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Nandi S, Mukherjee A, Khanra D, Biswas K. Association of severity of coronary artery disease by SYNTAX score (SS) and lower extremity arterial disease by duplex ultrasound (DUS) study-an Indian perspective. Egypt Heart J 2020; 72:56. [PMID: 32894377 PMCID: PMC7477019 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-020-00091-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) and lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) often coexist. Ankle brachial index (ABI) has been shown to be an independent predictor of CAD. Studies have reported correlation of CAD and LEAD on the basis of ABI and also invasive angiography. But rigorous searching did not reveal any similar research where severity of LEAD was assessed by duplex ultrasound (DUS). In this study, we assessed the association of severity and localisation of LEAD by DUS with SYNTAX score (SS). Results A total of 637 subjects above 45 years of age with coronary angiographic confirmation of CAD were studied in this single centre cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical research. High SS was significantly more common in subjects with LEAD (p = 0.04). In the femoro-popliteal segment, total occlusion of arteries was found in significantly more proportion of subjects with high SS. A progressive increase in mean SS was noted across the grades of arterial disease in the femoro-popliteal segment (p = 0.007). 85.2% of the LEAD was in the femoro-popliteal segment, while below-knee arterial disease was present in 98.5% of subjects with LEAD. Hypertension, smoking, history of CVE and presentation with ACS independently increased the risk of LEAD. Conclusion High prevalence of asymptomatic LEAD and association of high SS with LEAD as a whole as well as femoro-popliteal involvement suggests the need for a point of care DUS study (POCUS) since treatment varies with location and extent of disease which cannot be fathomed by ABI alone. Being the largest study on association of CAD and LEAD from Indian subcontinent till date and also the first study to use non-invasive tool as DUS for LEAD assessment while studying its association with CAD makes this a landmark experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumen Nandi
- Department of Cardiology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Dibbendhu Khanra
- Heart and Lung Centre, New Cross Hospital, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Heath Town, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Cardiology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, India
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Ghosh S, Pramanik S, Biswas K, Bhattacharjee K, Sarkar R, Chowdhury S, Mukhopadhyay P. Levothyroxine Absorption Test to Differentiate Pseudomalabsorption from True Malabsorption. Eur Thyroid J 2020; 9:19-24. [PMID: 32071898 PMCID: PMC7024890 DOI: 10.1159/000504218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The levothyroxine absorption test for evaluation of pseudomalabsorption in patients with primary hypothyroid is not standardised. An individual in whom a workup for malabsorption is warranted remains undefined. METHODS Twenty-five euthyroid, 25 newly diagnosed hypothyroid, 25 treated hypothyroid with normalised TSH, and 25 hypothyroid subjects with elevated TSH despite adequate dose of levothyroxine for more than 6 months, and 10 euthyroid subjects with true malabsorption were administered levothyroxine (10 μg/kg or maximum 600 μg) to study its absorption profile by measuring free T4 level at hourly intervals for 5 h. Results : Free T4 peaked at 3 h with marginal insignificant decline at 4 h in all groups. The increments of free T4 (between baseline and 3 h) of the four groups (except malabsorption) were not statistically different. The mean increment of free T4 in true malabsorption was 0.39 ng/dL (95% CI: 0.29-0.52) and it was 0.78 ng/dL (95% CI: 0.73-0.85) (10.4 pmol/L) for other groups combined together. The cut off of free T4 increment at 3 h from baseline above 0.40 ng/dL had a sensitivity of 97% and specificity of 80% (AUC 0.904, p < 0.001) to exclude true malabsorption. CONCLUSION Subjects with elevated TSH on adequate dose of LT4 can be reliably diagnosed to be non-adherent to treatment with levothyroxine absorption test. The incremental value above 0.40 ng/dL (5.14 pmol/L) at 3 h may be useful to identify individuals where workup of malabsorption is unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, I.P.G.M.E&R, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhodip Pramanik
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, I.P.G.M.E&R, Kolkata, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, I.P.G.M.E&R, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Rajib Sarkar
- School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Pradip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, I.P.G.M.E&R, Kolkata, India
- *Assoc. Prof. Pradip Mukhopadhyay, MD, DM, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, I.P.G.M.E&R, 244 AJC Bose Road, Kolkata 700020 (India), E-Mail
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Majumder M, Debnath S, Gajbhiye RL, Saikia R, Gogoi B, Samanta SK, Das DK, Biswas K, Jaisankar P, Mukhopadhyay R. Ricinus communis L. fruit extract inhibits migration/invasion, induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells and arrests tumor progression in vivo. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14493. [PMID: 31601896 PMCID: PMC6787038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plant-based therapies can be important for treatment of cancer owing to high efficiency, low cost and minimal side effects. Here, we report the anti-cancer efficacy of Ricinus communis L. fruit extract (RCFE) using estrogen positive MCF-7 and highly aggressive, triple negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. RCFE induced cytotoxicity in these cells in dose and time-dependent manner. It also demonstrated robust anti-metastatic activity as it significantly inhibited migration, adhesion, invasion and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 in both cell lines. Further, flow cytometry analysis suggested RCFE-mediated induction of apoptosis in these cells. This was supported by attenuation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, induction of pro-apoptotic Bax and caspase-7 expressions as well as PARP cleavage upon RCFE treatment. RCFE (0.5 mg/Kg body weight) treatment led to significant reduction in tumor volume in 4T1 syngeneic mouse model. HPLC and ESI-MS analysis of active ethyl acetate fraction of RCFE detected four compounds, Ricinine, p-Coumaric acid, Epigallocatechin and Ricinoleic acid. Individually these compounds showed cytotoxic and migration-inhibitory activities. Overall, this study for the first time demonstrates the anti-cancer efficacy of the fruit extract of common castor plant which can be proposed as a potent candidate for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munmi Majumder
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Shibjyoti Debnath
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Rahul L Gajbhiye
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Rimpi Saikia
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Bhaskarjyoti Gogoi
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
- Department of Biotechnology Royal School of Bio-Sciences Royal Global University, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Suman Kumar Samanta
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Vigyan Path, Paschim Boragaon, Guwahati, Assam, 781035, India
| | - Deepjyoti K Das
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12 CIT Road, Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Parasuraman Jaisankar
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Chemical Biology, Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Rupak Mukhopadhyay
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
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Singh R, Janakiraman S, Khalifa M, Anandhan S, Ghosh S, Venimadhav A, Biswas K. An electroactive β-phase polyvinylidene fluoride as gel polymer electrolyte for magnesium–ion battery application. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Biswas K, Mizutani Y, Takayama S, Ishitsuka A, Iddamalgoda A, Takahashi A, Yang L, Yang F, Katayama I, Inoue S. 549 Disappearance of keratinocyte expression of Glycoprotein Non-metastatic B (GPNMB) / Osteoactivin in vitiligo – possible involvement of Th1/Th 17 cytokines. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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16
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Wang Q, Yang L, Biswas K, Iddamalgoda A, Guo J, Kuroda Y, Murase D, Inoue S, Tsuruta D, Katayama I. 545 Keratinocyte-derived glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B protects melanocytes from oxidative stress in a CD44-independent manner. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Prasad S, Gaddam A, Jana A, Kant S, Sinha PK, Tripathy S, Annapurna K, Ferreira JMF, Allu AR, Biswas K. Structure and Stability of High CaO- and P 2O 5-Containing Silicate and Borosilicate Bioactive Glasses. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7558-7569. [PMID: 31403295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present work elucidates about the structure of bioactive glasses having chemical compositions expressed as (mol %) (50.0 - x)SiO2-xB2O3-9.3Na2O-37CaO-3.7P2O5, where x = 0.0, 12.5, 25, and 37.5, and establishes a correlation between the structure and thermal stability. The structural modifications in the parent boron-free glass (B0) with the gradual substitutions of B2O3 for SiO2 are assessed by Raman and 29Si, 31P, 11B, and 23Na magic angle spinning (MAS)-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The structural studies reveal the presence of QSi2 and QSi3 structural units in both silicate and borosilicate glasses. However, QSi4(3B) units additionally form upon incorporating B2O3 in B0 glass. B-containing silicate glasses exhibit both three-coordinated boron (BIII) and four-coordinated boron (BIV) units. The 31P MAS-NMR studies reveal that the majority of phosphate species exist as isolated orthophosphate (QP0) units. The incorporation of B2O3 in B0 glass increases the cross-linking between the SiO4 and BO4 structural units. However, incorporation of B2O3 lowers the glass thermal stability (ΔT), as shown by differential scanning calorimetry. Although both silicate and borosilicate glasses exhibit good in vitro apatite-forming ability and cell compatibility, the bactericidal action against Escherichia coli bacteria is more evident in borosilicate glass in comparison to silicate base glass. The controlled release of (BO3)3- ions from boron-modified bioactive glasses improves both the cell proliferation and the antibacterial properties, making them promising for hard tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anuraag Gaddam
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José M F Ferreira
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Abstract
BACKGROUND While bacterial associations with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are increasingly well described, fewer studies have examined the fungal component of the sinonasal microbiota. Here we present a study of the sinonasal mycobiota in a cohort of 144 patients (106 patients with CRS and 38 controls). METHODOLOGY Fungal communities were characterised by analysis of mucosal swab samples of the left and right middle meatuses via ITS2 marker amplicon sequencing on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Fungal associations with previously published bacterial community and inflammatory cytokine and cell data for this cohort (collected at the same intra-operative time point) were also investigated. RESULTS Malassezia spp. were ubiquitous and often highly predominant. Season of sampling explained more of the variability in the data than any of the clinical parameters. The predominant Malassezia sp. was distinct in patients with cystic fibrosis compared to those without. However, distinctions in the mycobiota were not evident between any other patient groupings assessed, and few fungal-bacterial or fungal-inflammatory associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the prominent place of Malassezia spp. within the upper respiratory tract. Overall, few distinctions between patient groups were evident, and these data lend further support to the hypothesis that fungal community types may have no direct causative association with idiopathic CRS. Additional studies incorporating a broader array of inflammatory markers are required to assess whether these ubiquitous fungi nonetheless play an exacerbating role in some sensitive individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M Zoing
- School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Biswas
- School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R G Douglas
- School of Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Roy A, Bhattacharjee R, Chakraborty PP, Goswami S, Biswas K, Mukhopadhyay P, Chowdhury S. A Cross-sectional Study of Stretched Penile Length in Boys from West Bengal, India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2019; 23:412-415. [PMID: 31741898 PMCID: PMC6844165 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_51_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Short penile length is a commonly encountered problem in clinical practice. Detection of abnormal stretched penile length (SPL) warrants appropriate endocrine evaluation. Ethnicity-specific SPL data are required to detect these abnormalities. There is a dearth of such data in India. This study aims to establish normative values of SPL in boys from West Bengal. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. SPL, testicular volume (TV), height/length, and weight were measured in 460 boys aged 1 to 13 years from the schools located at urban, suburban, and rural areas in the state of West Bengal, India. Similar data were collected from 36 healthy neonates within 1-3 days of full-term delivery at IPGME and R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. RESULTS The 5th percentile, median, and 95th percentile of SPL were 1.7, 2.0, and 2.7 cm for neonates; 3.5, 4.4, and 6.4 cm for the children aged 1 Y-2 Y 11 M; 4.0, 5.5, and 7.0 cm for the age group 3 Y-4 Y 11 M; 4.2, 6.0, and 7.2 cm for the age group 5 Y-6 Y 11 M; 4.3, 6.0, and 7.6 cm for the age group 7 Y-8 Y 11 M; 4.4, 6.5, and 9.0 cm for the age group 9 Y-10 Y 11 M; and 4.8, 7.0, and 11.0 cm for the age group 11 Y-12 Y 11 M, respectively. SPL showed significant positive correlation with TV [r = 0.365, P < 0.0005] and height of the children [r = 0.516, P < 0.0005], but not with BMI. CONCLUSION Our study provides normative data of SPL in neonate and children aged 1 to 13 years from the eastern part of India. SPL value correlated positively with TV and height of children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajitesh Roy
- Department of Endocrinology, RKMSP and VIMS, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rana Bhattacharjee
- Department of Endocrinology, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Soumik Goswami
- Department of Endocrinology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Endocrinology, Medica Superspeciality Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology, IPGME&R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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20
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Lux C, Douglas R, Cho DY, Taylor M, Biswas K. Animal models for inflammatory mucosal disease and their potential for studying the microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis. RHINOL 2019. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/19.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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21
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Biswas K, Khandelwal V, Maiti SN. Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Teak Wood Flour/Starch Filled High Density Polyethylene Composites. INT POLYM PROC 2019. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Teak wood flour (TWF) reinforced HDPE composites were prepared and characterized in terms of mechanical, morphological and thermal properties using 2% polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH) as compatibilizer. The composites were prepared by twin screw extrusion and samples were prepared by injection molding. Mechanical properties increased with the incorporation of TWF, Starch and PE-g-MAH. Tensile strength and Young's modulus increased by 96% and 207%, respectively for TWF (40%)-HDPE composite as compared to virgin matrix. Scanning electron microscopy revealed good interface between TWF and matrix. FT-IR spectra confirmed the esterification reaction and H-bond between anhydride group of PE-g-MAH and cellulose of TWF. The DSC results showed that the melting temperature increased from 129°C to 137°C while crystallization (%) decreased from 40.49% for HDPE to 34.77% for 40% TWF composites, respectively. The storage modulus increased for all the composites at low temperature. Glass transition temperature practically remained unaffected by filler loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Biswas
- Taghleef Industries S.A.O.C. , Sohar Industrial Area, Oman,
| | - V. Khandelwal
- Department of Polymer & Process Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, SRE Campus, Saharanpur , India
| | - S. N. Maiti
- Centre for Polymer Science and Engineering , Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi , India
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22
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Banerjee A, Mahata B, Dhir A, Mandal TK, Biswas K. Elevated histone H3 acetylation and loss of the Sp1-HDAC1 complex de-repress the GM2-synthase gene in renal cell carcinoma. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:1005-1018. [PMID: 30463940 PMCID: PMC6341395 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
GM2-synthase produces sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids called gangliosides, and its mRNA overexpression and the gangliosides it generates are linked to tumor progression, migration, and suppression of tumor-specific host immune responses. However, the mechanism underlying GM2-synthase de-repression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that higher GM2-synthase mRNA expression levels in various cancer cells and in human RCC tumors correlate with higher histone acetylation levels (H3K9, H3K14, or both) at region +38/+187 relative to the transcription start site (TSS) of the GM2-synthase gene than in normal kidney epithelial (NKE) cells or healthy adjacent tissues. An increase in GM2-synthase mRNA expression in cells treated with a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor was accompanied by increased histone acetylation levels at this promoter region. DNA methylation around the TSS was absent in both RCC cell lines and NKE cells. Of note, both the transcription factor Sp1 and corepressor HDAC1 associated with the +38/+187 region when the GM2-synthase gene was repressed in NKE and tumor-adjacent tissues, indicating plausible site-specific repressive roles of HDAC1 and Sp1 in GM2-synthase mRNA expression. Site-directed mutagenesis of the Sp1-binding site within the +38/+187 region relieved repressed luciferase activity of this region by limiting HDAC1 recruitment. Moreover, Sp1 or HDAC1 knock down increased GM2-synthase transcription, and butyrate-mediated activation of GM2-synthase mRNA expression in SK-RC-45 cells was accompanied by Sp1 and HDAC1 loss from the +38/+187 region. Taken together, we have identified an epigenetic mechanism for the de-repression of the GM2-synthase gene in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Banerjee
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 054 India and
| | - Barun Mahata
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 054 India and
| | - Arjun Dhir
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 054 India and
| | - Tapan Kumar Mandal
- Department of Urology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 014 India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- From the Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 054 India and
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23
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Mohid SA, Ghorai A, Ilyas H, Mroue KH, Narayanan G, Sarkar A, Ray SK, Biswas K, Bera AK, Malmsten M, Midya A, Bhunia A. Application of tungsten disulfide quantum dot-conjugated antimicrobial peptides in bio-imaging and antimicrobial therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 176:360-370. [PMID: 30658284 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) tungsten disulfide (WS2) quantum dots offer numerous promising applications in materials and optoelectronic sciences. Additionally, the catalytic and photoluminescence properties of ultra-small WS2 nanoparticles are of potential interest in biomedical sciences. Addressing the use of WS2 in the context of infection, the present study describes the conjugation of two potent antimicrobial peptides with WS2 quantum dots, as well as the application of the resulting conjugates in antimicrobial therapy and bioimaging. In doing so, we determined the three-dimensional solution structure of the quantum dot-conjugated antimicrobial peptide by a series of high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, correlating this to the disruption of both model lipid and bacterial membranes, and to several key biological performances, including antimicrobial and anti-biofilm effects, as well as cell toxicity. The results demonstrate that particle conjugation enhances the antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potency of these peptides, effects inferred to be due to multi-dendate interactions for the conjugated peptides. As such, our study provides information on the mode-of-action of such conjugates, laying the foundation for their potential use in treatment and monitoring of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Abdul Mohid
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Arup Ghorai
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Humaira Ilyas
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Kamal H Mroue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L3G1, Canada
| | | | - Abhisek Sarkar
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Samit K Ray
- Department of Physics, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Amal Kanti Bera
- Department of Biotechnology, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, SE-75232, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anupam Midya
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.
| | - Anirban Bhunia
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India.
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Wagner Mackenzie B, Waite D, Biswas K, Douglas R, Taylor M. Assessment of microbial DNA enrichment techniques from sino-nasal swab samples for metagenomics. RHINOL 2018. [DOI: 10.4193/rhinol/18.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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25
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Sharma N, Bag S, Biswas K, Pal M, Paul R, Chatterjee J. Combinatorial Characterization of Saliva for Oral Precancer Diagnostics. J Glob Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1200/jgo.18.85500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Saliva based diagnostic can play an important role in the translational research related to cancer diagnostics and treatment. It is easily available, noninvasive, low storage cost, has less contamination chances with simple collection procedure. Cancers related to tobacco use, including oral cancer account for about 30% of all cancers in males and females. Five years' survival rate remains the same even after decades of advancement of detection, prevention, and treatment of OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinoma) mainly due to late diagnosis of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Aim: Combinatorial characterization of saliva, endorsing multidimensional spectroscopic signatures using suitably designed biochamber. Methods: Eighteen saliva samples (6 normal, 6 OSF [oral submucous fibrosis, a type of OPMD] and 6 confirmed OSCC) were collected from GNIDSR (Guru Nanak Institute of Dental Science and Research) Kolkata. Ethical approval was obtained for the study and all the participants were explained the objectives of the study and a written informed consent was obtained from them. Participant's demographic detail and clinical characteristics were also recorded. The participants were asked not to consume food 1 hour before sample collection and were suggested to rinse their mouth 30 minutes prior to saliva expectoration to minimize the contamination of food in saliva. Empty, sterile, graded tubes were used for this purpose. The subjects were asked not to clear nose or throat during the process of saliva expectoration to avoid forced phlegm from other part of the respiratory tract. The saliva samples were then immediately transferred to −20 degrees and later in −80 degrees for long storage. The electrical impedance (EI) of saliva was measured in custom made biochambers with copper electrodes. The EI was measured for the frequency sweep from 20 Hz to 2 MHz using an impedance analyzer. Apart from EI measurement, the corresponding samples were subjected to FTIR (Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy) analysis. SPSS and OMNIC software were used for the data analysis of EI and FTIR respectively. Results: [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text][ Table A , B & C represents descriptive statistics, correlation matrix and component matrix respectively. The multivariate analysis of the FTIR data indicates the significant differences ( P < 0.005) among the different study groups such as normal, OSF and OSCC. The eigen values (normal 0.917, OSF 0.962, OSCC 0.975) from component matrix analysis also indicate the same. Conclusion: The spectroscopic characterization (EI and FTIR) of saliva was effective in evaluating normal and OPMD condition. This noninvasive paradigm can serve as a complimentary technique to the existing gold standard methods for the early detection of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Sharma
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, School of Medical Science and Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - S. Bag
- National Institute of Technology Sikkim, Biotechnology, Ravangla, India
| | - K. Biswas
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Department of Electrical Engineering, Kharagpur, India
| | - M. Pal
- Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science and Research, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kolkata, India
| | - R.R. Paul
- Gurunanak Institute of Dental Science and Research, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Kolkata, India
| | - J. Chatterjee
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, School of Medical Science and Technology, Kharagpur, India
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Agrawal A, Biswas K, Srivastava SK, Ghosh S. Effect of N-doping on hard carbon nano-balls as anode for Li-ion battery: improved hydrothermal synthesis and volume expansion study. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-4044-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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27
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Dhabal S, Das P, Biswas P, Kumari P, Yakubenko VP, Kundu S, Cathcart MK, Kundu M, Biswas K, Bhattacharjee A. Regulation of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) expression, activity, and function in IL-13-stimulated monocytes and A549 lung carcinoma cells. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14040-14064. [PMID: 30021838 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.002321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is a mitochondrial flavoenzyme implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inflammation and also in many neurological disorders. MAO-A also has been reported as a potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling cytokine-induced MAO-A expression in immune or cancer cells remain to be identified. Here, we show that MAO-A expression is co-induced with 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) in interleukin 13 (IL-13)-activated primary human monocytes and A549 non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. We present evidence that MAO-A gene expression and activity are regulated by signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 3, and 6 (STAT1, STAT3, and STAT6), early growth response 1 (EGR1), and cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB), the same transcription factors that control IL-13-dependent 15-LO expression. We further established that in both primary monocytes and in A549 cells, IL-13-stimulated MAO-A expression, activity, and function are directly governed by 15-LO. In contrast, IL-13-driven expression and activity of MAO-A was 15-LO-independent in U937 promonocytic cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the 15-LO-dependent transcriptional regulation of MAO-A in response to IL-13 stimulation in monocytes and in A549 cells is mediated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and that signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) plays a crucial role in facilitating the transcriptional activity of PPARγ. We further report that the IL-13-STAT6-15-LO-PPARγ axis is critical for MAO-A expression, activity, and function, including migration and reactive oxygen species generation. Altogether, these results have major implications for the resolution of inflammation and indicate that MAO-A may promote metastatic potential in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhamoy Dhabal
- From the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology-Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur-713209, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Pradip Das
- From the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology-Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur-713209, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Pritam Biswas
- From the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology-Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur-713209, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Kumari
- From the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology-Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur-713209, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Valentin P Yakubenko
- the Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, and Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, and
| | - Suman Kundu
- the Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, and Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, and
| | - Martha K Cathcart
- the Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, and Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, and
| | - Manjari Kundu
- the Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- the Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Ashish Bhattacharjee
- From the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology-Durgapur, Mahatma Gandhi Avenue, Durgapur-713209, Burdwan, West Bengal, India,
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Mahata B, Sarkar A, Khamrui E, Chakraborty S, Ghosh Z, Biswas K. Abstract 1110: Ganglioside GM2 mediated tumor growth, progression, and metastasis involves YAP-dependent transcriptional program. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Recent report from our laboratory showed a novel role of tumor derived ganglioside, GM2 in mediating tumor cell migration as well invasion. In the present study we report a novel role of GM2 in mediating anchorage independent growth (AIG) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) leading to tumor growth, progression and metastasis, through a HIPPO-YAP dependent transcriptional program.
Experimental procedures : Permanent GM2-synthase knockout (KO) cells were generated using targeted genome editing tool, TALEN. TALEN was used to generate Renca-vGM2-syn KO cells (from a GM2-over-expressing variant of a mouse kidney cancer cell line, Renca-v). Renca-vWT as well as Renca-vGM2-syn KO cells were used to define the role of GM2 in AIG, EMT and tumorigenesis both in vitro and in vivo. DNA microarray analysis was used to elucidate the mechanism behind GM2-mediated AIG and EMT. To define involvement of YAP in GM2-mediated EMT, real time PCR was used to validate YAP-target gene expression in GM2-synthase KO or silenced (siRNA) cells as well as in cells treated with exogenous GM2, in the presence or absence of specific inhibitors of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. CRISPR-Cas9 mediated YAP/TAZ-double KO (HelaYAP/TAZ KO) cells were used to conclusively prove the involvement of YAP/TAZ in GM2-mediated EMT.
Results : Renca-vGM2-syn KO cells show reduced AIG, higher cell adhesion possibly through increased anoikis sensitivity, indicating a critical role of GM2-synthase and complex gangliosides in GM2-mediated EMT. Furthermore, Renca-vGM2-syn KO cell line shows reduced tumor growth potential, significant reduction in experimental lung metastasis with increased median survival in a syngeneic mice tumor model. Gene expression profiling using DNA microarray with GM2-synthase silenced cells reveal significant modulation of YAP target genes, suggesting a critical role of the Hippo-YAP signaling axis. Molecular insight reveals that GM2-synthase knockout or siRNA mediated knockdown results in significant downregulation of YAP activated genes namely Ctgf, Cyr 61, Pdgf-c, Lox, etc. and upregulation of YAP repressed gene Ddit4, while exogenous addition of GM2 in GM2 deficient cells (Renca, MCF-7 and Hela) show opposite results. Verteporfin mediated disruption of YAP transcriptional program abrogated GM2 mediated modulation of YAP target genes. Finally, significant decrease in YAP-target gene expression in YAP/TAZ-double KO cells, but not in either YAP or TAZ (paralogue of YAP) single KOs confirm the definitive involvement of YAP/TAZ in GM2-mediated EMT.
Conclusion : Our findings confirm a novel role of GM2 in triggering EMT by targeting YAP, ultimately leading to increased tumorigenic potential and metastatic activity in tumor cells.
Citation Format: Barun Mahata, Abhisek Sarkar, Elora Khamrui, Sohini Chakraborty, Zhumur Ghosh, Kaushik Biswas. Ganglioside GM2 mediated tumor growth, progression, and metastasis involves YAP-dependent transcriptional program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1110.
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Parida PK, Mahata B, Santra A, Chakraborty S, Ghosh Z, Raha S, Misra AK, Biswas K, Jana K. Inhibition of cancer progression by a novel trans-stilbene derivative through disruption of microtubule dynamics, driving G2/M arrest, and p53-dependent apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:448. [PMID: 29670107 PMCID: PMC5906627 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol, a trans-stilbene polyphenolic compound and its synthetic analogs are widely used bioactive molecules due to their remarkable chemo-preventive potential. Here, we have identified a novel synthetic trans-stilbene compound, Z-DAN-11 ((Z)-3-(3, 4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl) acrylonitrile) which shows remarkable efficacy in blocking tumor growth and progression both in vitro and in vivo. Z-DAN-11 inhibits proliferation of cancer cells in vitro through microtubule depolymerization that induced G2/M arrest and consequently leads to apoptotic cell death. More importantly, Z-DAN-11 shows limited cytotoxicity to normal cells as compared to cancer cells. Quite interestingly, we have found that Z-DAN-11-mediated ROS production helps in dramatic alteration in the mitochondrial redox status which critically contributes to the apoptosis. Mechanistic studies reveal that Z-DAN-11 induces the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and decreases anti-apoptotic protein expression that decisively helps in the activation of caspase 8, caspase 9, and caspase 3, leading to cleavage of PARP1 and cell death via intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of apoptosis. Moreover, Z-DAN-11-mediated apoptosis of cancer cells is through a partial p53-dependent pathway, since both HCT116 p53-/- cells as well as p53-silenced cells (siRNA) were able to block apoptosis partially but significantly. Importantly, Z-DAN-11 also imparts its anti-tumorigenic effect by inhibiting clonogenic property and anchorage-independent growth potential of cancer cells at concentrations at least 10 times lower than that required for inducing apoptosis. Finally, in vivo study with immuno-competent syngeneic mice shows Z-DAN-11 to be able to impede tumor progression without any adverse side-effects. Hence, we identified a novel, synthetic trans-stilbene derivative with anti-tumorigenic potential which might tremendously help in devising potential therapeutic strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravat Kumar Parida
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Barun Mahata
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Abhisek Santra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Sohini Chakraborty
- The Bioinformatics Center, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Zhumur Ghosh
- The Bioinformatics Center, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | | | - Anup Kumar Misra
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India.
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VIIM, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India.
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Wagner Mackenzie B, Waite DW, Hoggard M, Taylor MW, Biswas K, Douglas RG. Moving beyond descriptions of diversity: clinical and research implications of bacterial imbalance in chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology 2018; 55:291-297. [PMID: 28988258 DOI: 10.4193/rhin17.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a debilitating disease which affects 5-16% of the general population and involves long-term inflammation of the sinonasal cavity. While microbial involvement in the pathogenesis of CRS has long been suspected, the exact role of microbes remains unclear. Recent application of cultivation-independent, molecular methods has provided much new information, taking advantage of developments in both laboratory- and bioinformatics-based analyses. The aim of this mini-review is to present a variety of available bioinformatics approaches, such as data classification techniques and network analyses, with proven applications in other aspects of human microbiome health and disease research. The uses of molecular techniques in the clinical setting are still in its infancy, but these tools can further our understanding of microbial imbalance during chronic disease and help guide effective patient treatment. The mini-review emphasises ways in which CRS bacterial gene-targeted sequencing data can progress beyond descriptive summaries and toward unlocking the mechanisms by which bacterial communities can be markers for sinus health.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wagner Mackenzie
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D W Waite
- Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand and Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Biswas
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R G Douglas
- School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Allu AR, Balaji S, Illath K, Hareendran C, Ajithkumar TG, Biswas K, Annapurna K. Structural elucidation of NASICON (Na3Al2P3O12) based glass electrolyte materials: effective influence of boron and gallium. RSC Adv 2018; 8:14422-14433. [PMID: 35540738 PMCID: PMC9079908 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01676c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the conductivity variations induced by compositional changes in sodium super ionic conducting (NASICON) glass materials is highly relevant for applications such as solid electrolytes for sodium (Na) ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarnath R. Allu
- Glass Division
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata
- India
| | - Sathravada Balaji
- Glass Division
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata
- India
| | - Kavya Illath
- Central NMR Facility and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune
- India
| | - Chaithanya Hareendran
- Central NMR Facility and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune
- India
| | - T. G. Ajithkumar
- Central NMR Facility and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory
- Pune
- India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Glass Division
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata
- India
| | - K. Annapurna
- Glass Division
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata
- India
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Biswas K, Hazra R, Chakraborty S, Bose R, Garain S. Diagnosis of Functional Dyspepsia on the basis of Rome III clinical diagnostic criteria in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional observational study. Asian J Med Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v9i1.18716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Though functional dyspepsia (FD) is often a diagnosis of exclusion, whether minor mucosal gut pathology represents organic disease or FD, it still remains controversial.Aims and Objectives: The present study has been conducted to determine the accuracy of symptom based diagnosis of FD based on Rome III diagnostic criteria in a tertiary care center.Materials and Methods: Total 140 patients aged between 18-55 years of both sexes with upper abdominal symptoms without known or post investigational organic diseases, were included in this study. Patients fulfilling the Rome III criteria were diagnosed as FD and undergone upper GI endoscopy (UGIE). Those devoid of organic lesions were confirmed as ‘true FD’.Results: Out of 140 study patients, 100 patients fulfilled Rome III criteria (clinical FD) out of which 77 were confirmed as ‘true FD’ after UGIE with an accuracy of 83.57 %.Conclusion: Rome III clinical criteria can be applied to diagnose FD in a tertiary care center with some limitations. The authors suggest some modification of Rome III criteria.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(1) 2018 55-60
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Basu A, Das AS, Sharma M, Pathak MP, Chattopadhyay P, Biswas K, Mukhopadhyay R. STAT3 and NF-κB are common targets for kaempferol-mediated attenuation of COX-2 expression in IL-6-induced macrophages and carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema. Biochem Biophys Rep 2017; 12:54-61. [PMID: 28955792 PMCID: PMC5613220 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) is the inducible isoform of cycloxygenase enzyme family that catalyzes synthesis of inflammatory mediators, prostanoids and prostaglandins, and therefore, can be targeted by anti-inflammatory drugs. Here, we showed a plant polyphenol, kaempferol, attenuated IL-6-induced COX-2 expression in human monocytic THP-1 cells suggesting its beneficial role in chronic inflammation. Kaempferol deactivated and prevented nuclear localization of two major transcription factors STAT3 and NF-κB, mutually responsible for COX-2 induction in response to IL-6. Moreover, STAT3 and NF-κB were simultaneously deactivated by kaempferol in acute inflammation, as shown by carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema model. The concomitant reduction in COX-2 expression in paw tissues suggested kaempferol’s role in mitigation of inflammation by targeting STAT3 and NF-κB. IL-6-induced COX-2 expression was attenuated by kaempferol in macrophages. The attenuation is attributed to simultaneous deactivation of STAT3 and NF-κB. The nuclear translocation of both transcription factors are prevented by kaempferol treatment. Kaempferol targets STAT3 and NF-κB and inhibits COX-2 expression to reduce carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandita Basu
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Anindhya Sundar Das
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Manoj Sharma
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
| | - Manash Pratim Pathak
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defense Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - Pronobesh Chattopadhyay
- Division of Pharmaceutical Technology, Defense Research Laboratory, Tezpur 784001, Assam, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Rupak Mukhopadhyay
- Cellular, Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur 784028, Assam, India
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Biswas K, Chang A, Hoggard M, Radcliff FJ, Jiang Y, Taylor MW, Darveau R, Douglas RG. Toll-like receptor activation by sino-nasal mucus in chronic rhinosinusitis. Rhinology 2017. [PMID: 28025987 DOI: 10.4193/rhin16.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sino-nasal disease chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is primarily an inflammatory condition that manifests in several ways. However, the aetiology of this complex disease is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the association between toll-like receptor (TLR) activation, host immune response and sino-nasal mucus in healthy and diseased patients. METHODS The activation of TLR2/1 and TLR4 by sino-nasal mucus from 26 CRS patients and 10 healthy controls was measured. In addition, 7 inflammatory cytokines, bacterial community composition and bacterial abundance within the sino-nasal mucus were measured using molecular and diagnostic tools. RESULTS TLR activity was observed in 9/36 samples, including 2 healthy controls. There was a strong, positive correlation between members of the Gammaproteobacteria (Haemophilus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas) and TLR2/1 and TLR4 activity. Bacterial abundance and cytokine (tumour necrosis factor) abundance were also positively correlated with TLR activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that a small proportion (20-30%) of individuals in each sub-group are more predisposed to TLR activity, which may be related to bacterial composition, diversity and abundance in the sinuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Biswas
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - A Chang
- School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Hoggard
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - F J Radcliff
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R Darveau
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R G Douglas
- Department of Surgery, University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Datta A, Jaiswal N, Ilyas H, Debnath S, Biswas K, Kumar D, Bhunia A. Structural and Dynamic Insights into a Glycine-Mediated Short Analogue of a Designed Peptide in Lipopolysaccharide Micelles: Correlation Between Compact Structure and Anti-Endotoxin Activity. Biochemistry 2017; 56:1348-1362. [PMID: 28168875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report an interaction study of a 13-residue analogue peptide VG13P (VARGWGRKCPLFG), derived from a designed VG16KRKP peptide (VARGWKRKCPLFGKGG), with a Lys6Gly mutation and removal of the last three residues Lys14-Gly15-Gly16, in lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a major component of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and responsible for sepsis or septic shock. VG13P displays an enhanced anti-endotoxin property as evident from significant reduction in LPS-induced TNF-α gene expression levels in a monocytic cell line, while it retains almost unchanged antimicrobial activity as its parent VG16KRKP against Gram-negative bacterial as well as fungal pathogens. In addition, in vitro LPS binding properties of VG13P in comparison to its parent VG16KRKP also remained unhindered, suggesting that the flexible C-terminal end of VG16KRKP may not play a major role in its observed antibacterial and LPS binding properties. An NMR-resolved solution structure of VG13P in LPS reveals two consecutive β-turns: one at the N-terminus, followed by another at the central region, closely resembling a rocking chair. The crucial Lys6Gly mutation along with C-terminal truncation from VG16KRKP reorients the hydrophobic hub in VG13P in a unique way so as to fold the N-terminal end back on itself, forming a turn and allowing Val1 and Ala2 to interact with Leu11 and Phe12 to bring the hydrophobic residues closer together to form a more compact hub compared to its parent. The hub is further strengthened via CH-π interaction between Gly4 and Phe12. This accounts for its improved anti-endotoxin activity as well as to its uninterrupted antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nancy Jaiswal
- Center of Biomedical Research , SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow 226014, India
| | | | | | | | - Dinesh Kumar
- Center of Biomedical Research , SGPGIMS Campus, Lucknow 226014, India
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biofilms have been implicated in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and may explain the limited efficacy of antibiotics. There is a need to find more effective, non-antibiotic based therapies for CRS. This study examines the effects of xylitol on CRS biofilms and planktonic bacteria. METHODS Crystal violet assay and spectrophotometry were used to quantify the effects of xylitol (5% and 10% solutions) against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The disruption of established biofilms, inhibition of biofilm formation and effects on planktonic bacteria growth were investigated and compared to saline and no treatment. RESULTS Xylitol 5% and 10% significantly reduced biofilm biomass (S. epidermidis), inhibited biofilm formation (S. aureus and P. aeruginosa) and reduced growth of planktonic bacteria (S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa). Xylitol 5% inhibited formation of S. epidermidis biofilms more effectively than xylitol 10%. Xylitol 10% reduced S. epidermidis planktonic bacteria more effectively than xylitol 5%. Saline, xylitol 5% and 10% disrupted established biofilms of S. aureus when compared with no treatment. No solution was effective against established P. aeruginosa biofilm. CONCLUSIONS Xylitol has variable activity against biofilms and planktonic bacteria in vitro and may have therapeutic efficacy in the management of CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Jain
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T Lee
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - T Hardcastle
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - K Biswas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - F Radcliff
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R Douglas
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
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Biswas K, Choudhury JD, Mahansaria R, Saha M, Mukherjee J. Streptomyces euryhalinus sp. nov., a new actinomycete isolated from a mangrove forest. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 70:747-753. [PMID: 28174421 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A Gram-positive, aerobic, non-motile actinomycete (strain MS 3/20T) was isolated from the sediment of the Sundarbans mangrove forest in India. On International Streptomyces Project (ISP) medium 2, the isolate produced yellowish brown to red aerial hyphae that carried spiny-surfaced spores in a retinaculum-apertum arrangement. Whole-cell hydrolysate of the strain contained LL-diaminopimelic acid and galactose. Predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). Diagnostic polar lipids were glycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, unidentified phospholipid and unidentified amino lipid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15:0 (17.53%), iso-C16:0 (23.89%) and anteiso-C17:0 (10.29%). The strain showed 100% 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequence similarity with Streptomyces variabilis NBRC 12825T, Streptomyces erythrogriseus LMG 19406T, Streptomyces griseoincarnatus LMG 19316T and Streptomyces labedae NBRC 15864T. However, strain MS 3/20T could be distinguished from these and seven other closely related species based on low levels of DNA-DNA relatedness (27.2-53.8%), supported by the unique banding pattern obtained from random amplified polymorphic DNA-PCR amplification and the distinctive matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) profile of whole-cell proteins acquired for strain MS 3/20T in comparison with its phylogenetic relatives. Disparate morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic features, principally growth in NaCl, further corroborated the distinction of strain MS 3/20T from other phylogenetic relatives. Strain MS 3/20T is therefore suggested to be a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces euryhalinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MS 3/20T (=CICC 11032T=DSM 103378T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Biswas
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Riddhi Mahansaria
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Malay Saha
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Joydeep Mukherjee
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
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Abstract
Precise and targeted genome editing using Transcription Activator-Like Effector Endonucleases (TALENs) has been widely used and proven to be an extremely effective and specific knockout strategy in both cultured cells and animal models. The current chapter describes a protocol for the construction and generation of TALENs using serial and hierarchical digestion and ligation steps, and using the synthesized TALEN pairs to achieve locus-specific targeted gene editing in mammalian cell lines using a modified clonal selection strategy in an easy and cost-efficient manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barun Mahata
- P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- P1/12 CIT Scheme VIIM, Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, 700054, India.
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Balaji S, Ghosh D, Biswas K, Gupta G, Annapurna K. Experimental evidence for quantum cutting co-operative energy transfer process in Pr 3+/Yb 3+ ions co-doped fluorotellurite glass: dispute over energy transfer mechanism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:33115-33125. [PMID: 27886306 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06412d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pr3+/Yb3+ doped materials have been widely reported as quantum-cutting materials in recent times. However, the question of the energy transfer mechanism in the Pr3+/Yb3+ pair in light of the quantum-cutting phenomenon still remains unanswered. In view of that, we explored a series of Pr3+/Yb3+ co-doped low phonon fluorotellurite glass systems to estimate the probability of different energy transfer mechanisms. Indeed, a novel and simple way to predict the probability of the proper energy transfer mechanism in the Pr3+/Yb3+ pair is possible by considering the donor Pr3+ ion emission intensities and the relative ratio dependence in the presence of acceptor Yb3+ ions. Moreover, the observed results are very much in accordance with other estimated results that support the quantum-cutting phenomena in Pr3+/Yb3+ pairs, such as sub-linear power dependence of Yb3+ NIR emission upon visible ∼450 nm laser excitation, integrated area of the donor Pr3+ ion's visible excitation spectrum recorded by monitoring the acceptor Yb3+ ion's NIR emission, and the experimentally obtained absolute quantum yield values using an integrating sphere setup. Our results give a simple way of estimating the probability of an energy transfer mechanism and the factors to be considered, particularly for the Pr3+/Yb3+ pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathravada Balaji
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), New Delhi, India and GSTS, Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata - 700 032, India.
| | - Debarati Ghosh
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), New Delhi, India and GSTS, Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata - 700 032, India.
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), New Delhi, India and GSTS, Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata - 700 032, India.
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- GSTS, Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata - 700 032, India.
| | - Kalyandurg Annapurna
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), New Delhi, India and GSTS, Glass Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata - 700 032, India.
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Jain R, Lee T, Hardcastle T, Biswas K, Radcliff F, Douglas R. The in vitro effect of xylitol on chronic rhinosinusitis biofilms. Rhinology 2016. [DOI: 10.4193/rhin15.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kundu M, Mahata B, Banerjee A, Debnath S, Biswas K. Abstract 5146: GM2 mediates tumor cell migration and induces EMT through involvement of the integrin signaling machinery and targeting YAP, a major component of the HIPPO signaling pathway. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-5146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: In the present study we report a novel role of tumor derived ganglioside, GM2 in mediating tumor cell migration and anchorage independent growth suggestive of EMT and uncovered its mechanism.
Approach : Specific role of GM2 in cancer cell migration was evaluated by in vitro transwell migration assay using either GM2-synthase silenced or GM2-overexpressed cancer cells or by adding exogenous GM2. Mechanistic details were revealed by studying gene chip profiling and validated by real time PCR, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. Interaction of GM2 with upstream specific molecules were determined by confocal microscopy, co-IP and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). TALEN mediated targeted genome editing was used to generate stable GM2-synthase knockout mouse tumor cells, to study the role of GM2 in EMT.
Results : siRNA mediated knockdown of GM2-synthase in cancer cells resulted in significant inhibition of tumor cell migration in vitro. Over-expression of GM2-synthase in low-GM2 expressing SK-RC-45 cells resulted in a consequent increase in migration. Further, treatment of SK-RC-45 cells with exogenous GM2 resulted in dramatic increase in migration. TALEN mediated GM2-synthase knockout in Renca-v cells resulted in significant reduction in AIG and increased sensitivity to anoikis, suggesting a plausible role of GM2 in EMT. Gene expression profiling and DNA microarray analysis of GM2-synthase silenced cells revealed altered expression of several genes involved in cell migration primarily those controlling the integrin signaling involving the Erk-MAP kinase pathway, as well as genes targeted by YAP, a major component of the HIPPO signaling pathway which is involved in EMT. GM2-synthase knockdown resulted in decreased phosphorylation of FAK, Src as well as Erk while, exogenous GM2 treatment caused increased Erk phosphorylation. Again, GM2 mediated invasion and Erk phosphorylation is blocked in integrin knockdown SK-RC-45 cells, thus confirming that GM2 mediated migration and phosphorylation of Erk is integrin dependent. Renca-v GM2-synthase knockout cells exhibited significant downregulation of several YAP target genes namely, Ctgf, pdgf C, Cyr61 and LOX while induction of these genes in both Renca as well as 4T1 in response to GM2 treatment suggests that GM2 mediates EMT in cancer cells possibly by targeting YAP. Finally, confocal microscopy suggested co-localization while co-immunoprecipitation and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) confirmed direct interaction of membrane bound ganglioside, GM2 with the integrin receptor.
Conclusion: Our findings confirm a novel role of GM2 in tumor cell migration involving the integrin signaling pathway and in triggering EMT by targeting YAP, a major component of the HIPPO signaling pathway ultimately leading to enhanced migration and metastasis in tumor cells.
Citation Format: Manjari Kundu, Barun Mahata, Avisek Banerjee, Shibjyoti Debnath, Kaushik Biswas. GM2 mediates tumor cell migration and induces EMT through involvement of the integrin signaling machinery and targeting YAP, a major component of the HIPPO signaling pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 5146.
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Kundu M, Mahata B, Banerjee A, Chakraborty S, Debnath S, Ray SS, Ghosh Z, Biswas K. Ganglioside GM2 mediates migration of tumor cells by interacting with integrin and modulating the downstream signaling pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1863:1472-89. [PMID: 27066976 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The definitive role of ganglioside GM2 in mediating tumor-induced growth and progression is still unknown. Here we report a novel role of ganglioside GM2 in mediating tumor cell migration and uncovered its mechanism. Data shows differential expression levels of GM2-synthase as well as GM2 in different human cancer cells. siRNA mediated knockdown of GM2-synthase in CCF52, A549 and SK-RC-26B cells resulted in significant inhibition of tumor cell migration as well as invasion in vitro without affecting cellular proliferation. Over-expression of GM2-synthase in low-GM2 expressing SK-RC-45 cells resulted in a consequent increase in migration thus confirming the potential role GM2 and its downstream partners play in tumor cell migration and motility. Further, treatment of SK-RC-45 cells with exogenous GM2 resulted in a dramatic increase in migratory and invasive capacity with no change in proliferative capacity, thereby confirming the role of GM2 in tumorigenesis specifically by mediating tumor migration and invasion. Gene expression profiling of GM2-synthase silenced cells revealed altered expression of several genes involved in cell migration primarily those controlling the integrin mediated signaling. GM2-synthase knockdown resulted in decreased phosphorylation of FAK, Src as well as Erk, while over-expression and/or exogenous GM2 treatment caused increased FAK and Erk phosphorylation respectively. Again, GM2 mediated invasion and Erk phosphorylation is blocked in integrin knockdown SK-RC-45 cells, thus confirming that GM2 mediated migration and phosphorylation of Erk is integrin dependent. Finally, confocal microscopy suggested co-localization while co-immunoprecipitation and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) confirmed direct interaction of membrane bound ganglioside, GM2 with the integrin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjari Kundu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Barun Mahata
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Avisek Banerjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Sohini Chakraborty
- The Bioinformatics Center, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Shibjyoti Debnath
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | | | - Zhumur Ghosh
- The Bioinformatics Center, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, West Bengal 700054, India.
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Marlow H, Biswas K, Griffin R, Menzel J. Women's experiences with medication for menstrual regulation in Bangladesh. Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mahata B, Biswas S, Rayman P, Chahlavi A, Ko J, Bhattacharjee A, Li YT, Li Y, Das T, Sa G, Raychaudhuri B, Vogelbaum MA, Tannenbaum C, Finke JH, Biswas K. GBM Derived Gangliosides Induce T Cell Apoptosis through Activation of the Caspase Cascade Involving Both the Extrinsic and the Intrinsic Pathway. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26226135 PMCID: PMC4520498 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously we demonstrated that human glioblastoma cell lines induce apoptosis in peripheral blood T cells through partial involvement of secreted gangliosides. Here we show that GBM-derived gangliosides induce apoptosis through involvement of the TNF receptor and activation of the caspase cascade. Culturing T lymphocytes with GBM cell line derived gangliosides (10-20μg/ml) demonstrated increased ROS production as early as 18 hrs as indicated by increased uptake of the dye H2DCFDA while western blotting demonstrated mitochondrial damage as evident by cleavage of Bid to t-Bid and by the release of cytochrome-c into the cytosol. Within 48-72 hrs apoptosis was evident by nuclear blebbing, trypan blue positivity and annexinV/7AAD staining. GBM-ganglioside induced activation of the effector caspase-3 along with both initiator caspases (-9 and -8) in T cells while both the caspase-8 and -9 inhibitors were equally effective in blocking apoptosis (60% protection) confirming the role of caspases in the apoptotic process. Ganglioside-induced T cell apoptosis did not involve production of TNF-α since anti-human TNFα antibody was unable to protect T cells from nuclear blebbing and subsequent cell death. However, confocal microscopy demonstrated co-localization of GM2 ganglioside with the TNF receptor and co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed recruitment of death domains FADD and TRADD with the TNF receptor post ganglioside treatment, suggesting direct interaction of gangliosides with the TNF receptor. Further confirmation of the interaction between GM2 and TNFR1 was obtained from confocal microscopy data with wild type and TNFR1 KO (TALEN mediated) Jurkat cells, which clearly demonstrated co-localization of GM2 and TNFR1 in the wild type cells but not in the TNFR1 KO clones. Thus, GBM-ganglioside can mediate T cell apoptosis by interacting with the TNF receptor followed by activation of both the extrinsic and the intrinsic pathway of caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barun Mahata
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Soumika Biswas
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Patricia Rayman
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Ali Chahlavi
- Spine and Brain Institute, St. Vincent Medical Center, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Ko
- Pathology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | | | - Yu-Teh Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, United States of America
| | - Yuntao Li
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Tanya Das
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Gaurisankar Sa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Baisakhi Raychaudhuri
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-oncology Center in the Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Vogelbaum
- Brain Tumor and Neuro-oncology Center in the Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Charles Tannenbaum
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - James H. Finke
- Department of Immunology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, United States of America
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
- * E-mail:
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Ray S, Chakraborty PP, Biswas K, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay S, Chowdhury S. A case of oncogenic osteomalacia due to occult nasal sinus tumor. Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab 2015; 12:65-8. [PMID: 26136801 DOI: 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.1.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper shows a case of oncogenic osteomalacia in a 35-year-old man who presented with a 2-year history of generalized pain and progressive weakness of lower limbs, eventually became bed bound. At admission he had severe hip pain resulting from atraumatic femoral neck fractures. Laboratory investigations revealed hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphaturia, normocalcemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and normal serum levels of parathormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Serum FGF-23 was elevated. Imaging showed osteoporosis and insufficiency fractures of the femoral neck. Whole body functional imaging failed to reveal any areas of increased activity. However, on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, a tumor was discovered at left nasal cavity. The patient was treated with phosphate supplements and vitamin D, but his hypophosphatemia persisted. The tumor was surgically removed. Histologically, the tumor was diagnosed as variant of a sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumor. After surgery, his symptoms were relieved and biochemical parameters normalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Ray
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Satinath Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, IPGMER and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Ray S, Chakraborty PP, Biswas K, Beatrice AM, Ghosh S, Mukhopadhyay S, Chowdhury S. Oncogenic osteomalacia caused by occult nasal mesenchymal tumor: a monster in the cave. Oxf Med Case Reports 2015; 2015:265-8. [PMID: 26634142 PMCID: PMC4664848 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omv031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Authors describe a case of oncogenic osteomalacia in a 35-year-old man, who presented with a 2-year history of generalized pain and progressive weakness of lower limbs, eventually became bedbound. At admission, he had severe hip pain resulting from bilateral femoral neck fractures. Laboratory investigations revealed hypophosphatemia, hyperphosphaturia, normocalcemia, elevated alkaline phosphatase and normal serum levels of parathormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) level was elevated. A radiographic skeletal survey showed osteoporosis and insufficiency fractures of the femoral neck. A whole-body functional imaging failed to reveal any areas of increased activity. However, on computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head and neck region, a tumor was discovered at left nasal cavity. The tumor was surgically removed. After surgery, his symptoms were relieved and biochemical parameters normalized. We stress that careful clinical examination including nose and paranasal sinuses may be rewarding in cases with hypophosphatemic osteomalacia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Ray
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | - Partha Pratim Chakraborty
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | - Anne M Beatrice
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | - Satinath Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
| | - Subhankar Chowdhury
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital , Kolkata , India
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Mahata B, Banerjee A, Kundu M, Bandyopadhyay U, Biswas K. TALEN mediated targeted editing of GM2/GD2-synthase gene modulates anchorage independent growth by reducing anoikis resistance in mouse tumor cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:9048. [PMID: 25762467 PMCID: PMC4357006 DOI: 10.1038/srep09048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex ganglioside expression is highly deregulated in several tumors which is further dependent on specific ganglioside synthase genes. Here, we designed and constructed a pair of highly specific transcription-activator like effector endonuclease (TALENs) to disrupt a particular genomic locus of mouse GM2-synthase, a region conserved in coding sequence of all four transcript variants of mouse GM2-synthase. Our designed TALENs effectively work in different mouse cell lines and TALEN induced mutation rate is over 45%. Clonal selection strategy is undertaken to generate stable GM2-synthase knockout cell line. We have also demonstrated non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mediated integration of neomycin cassette into the TALEN targeted GM2-synthase locus. Functionally, clonally selected GM2-synthase knockout clones show reduced anchorage-independent growth (AIG), reduction in tumor growth and higher cellular adhesion as compared to wild type Renca-v cells. Insight into the mechanism shows that, reduced AIG is due to loss in anoikis resistance, as both knockout clones show increased sensitivity to detachment induced apoptosis. Therefore, TALEN mediated precise genome editing at GM2-synthase locus not only helps us in understanding the function of GM2-synthase gene and complex gangliosides in tumorigenicity but also holds tremendous potential to use TALENs in translational cancer research and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barun Mahata
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Avisek Banerjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Manjari Kundu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Uday Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
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Balaji S, Biswas K, Sontakke AD, Gupta G, Ghosh D, Annapurna K. Al2O3 influence on structural, elastic, thermal properties of Yb(3+) doped Ba-La-tellurite glass: evidence of reduction in self-radiation trapping at 1μm emission. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 133:318-325. [PMID: 24954756 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ba-La-tellurite glasses doped with Yb(3+) ions have been prepared through melt quenching technique by modifying their composition with the inclusion of varied concentration of Al2O3 to elucidate its effects on glass structural, elastic, thermal properties and Yb(3+) ion NIR luminescence performance. The FTIR spectral analysis indicates Al2O3 addition is promoting the conversion of BOs from NBOs which have been generated during the process of depolymerisation of main glass forming TeO4 units. The elastic properties of the glass revealed an improved rigidity of the glass network on addition of Al2O3. In concurrence to this, differential thermal analysis showed an increase in glass transition temperature with improved thermal stability factor. Also, Yb(3+) fluorescence dynamics demonstrated that, Al2O3 inclusion helps in restraining the detrimental radiation trapping of ∼1μm emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Balaji
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
| | - K Biswas
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - A D Sontakke
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - G Gupta
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - D Ghosh
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - K Annapurna
- CSIR - Network of Institute for Solar Energy (NISE), Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR - Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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Ray S, Khanra D, Sonthalia N, Kundu S, Biswas K, Talukdar A, Saha M, Bera H. Clinico-biochemical correlation to histological findings in alcoholic liver disease: a single centre study from eastern India. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:MC01-5. [PMID: 25478382 PMCID: PMC4253200 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/8763.4968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcoholism is a health problem not only in developed countries but also in developing countries. Cirrhosis due to alcohol is a common cause of death among individuals abusing alcohol. A better knowledge of the spectrum of alcoholic liver diseases, its clinical, biochemical and histopathological features could result in early detection and prevention of alcoholic liver diseases before it's catastrophic and life threatening effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 200 patients with alcoholic liver diseases were studied with respect to alcohol consumption, clinical features, biochemical and histopathological changes. The clinical features, biochemical parameters, and histopathology of liver including Ishak's modified histological activity index (HAI) were correlated with the amount and duration of alcohol consumed. RESULT Majority of the patients were in the age group of 40-49 years and all the cases were males. Majority consumed alcohol of about 75-90 grams per day for a duration of 10-12 years. Anorexia and jaundice were the most common symptom and clinical finding respectively. Hyperbilirubinemia and hypoalbuminemia were the most common abnormalities observed in liver function tests. Advanced HAI stages with features of cirrhosis were most frequent histo-pathological finding noted in this study. Clinico-biochemical profile was significantly correlated with degree of alcohol ingestion as well as with liver histopathology. CONCLUSION The wide prevalence of alcoholic liver disease including cirrhosis among Indian males was noted with significantly lower quantity and duration of alcohol ingestion. The severity of liver damage is directly proportional to the quantity and duration of alcohol consumed. Clinical features and biochemical changes may forecast the liver histopathology among the patients of alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Ray
- Residential Medical Officer, Department of Medicine, Calcutta National Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Dibbendhu Khanra
- Resident, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Nikhil Sonthalia
- Resident, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Supratip Kundu
- Resident, Department of Cardiology, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Kaushik Biswas
- Senior Resident, Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research (IPGMER) and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Arunansu Talukdar
- Professor, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Manjari Saha
- Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India
| | - Himel Bera
- Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Bankura Sammilani Medical College & Hospital, Bankura, India
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Biswas K, Sontakke AD, Sen R, Annapurna K. Enhanced 2 μm broad-band emission and NIR to visible frequency up-conversion from Ho3+/Yb3+ co-doped Bi2O3-GeO2-ZnO glasses. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2013; 112:301-308. [PMID: 23685797 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a new and non-conventional oxide glass composition based on Bi2O3-GeO2-ZnO system has been formulated with an aim to realize low phonon oxide glass and elucidate its performance when co-doped with Ho(3+)/Yb(3+) for the energy transfer based NIR emission at 2 μm from Ho(3+) ions under Yb(3+) excitation. The glass with 1.0 mol% Ho2O3 and 0.5 mol% Yb2O3 has exhibited maximum energy transfer rate (3602 s(-1)) and energy transfer efficiency (65.92%). Important radiative properties have been predicted for emission transitions of Ho(3+) ions using intensity parameters derived from measured absorption spectra using standard Judd-Ofelt theory. At lower acceptor ion concentration (0.1 mol%), an efficient NIR to visible up-conversion emission has been observed based on two photon absorption process which has found to be reduced significantly at higher Ho(3+) concentrations with simultaneous enhancement in 2 μm emission. Hence, this newly developed glass codoped with Yb(3+)/Ho(3+) is promising glass for sensitized 2 μm emission applications as broad band tunable lasers because of the combination of low phonon energy (707 cm(-1)), high energy transfer efficiency, moderately high emission cross-section (5.33×10(-21) cm(2)) and larger effective half-width of the emission band value of 169 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Biswas
- Glass Division, Glass Science and Technology Section, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India
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