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Luo T, Beiter K, Tseng TS. Association between acculturation, dental floss use, dental visits and unmet dental needs among Asians in the United States: Findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:101-110. [PMID: 37646317 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to examine the associations between acculturation and dental floss, regular dental visits and unmet dental care needs among Asian Americans, as well as the moderating effects of these associations. METHODS This study analysed national representative samples from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. A total of 2763 Asian Americans aged 20 and older were included in this analysis. The primary predictor, acculturation score, was determined by three questions: (i) language spoken at home (higher score for English), (ii) country of birth (higher score for United States) and (iii) length of time in the United States. Dental floss use, dental visits and unmet dental care needs were included as outcomes in this study. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were used to analyse the samples. RESULTS Acculturation was significantly associated with dental health behaviours: Individuals with higher levels of acculturation were more likely than less acculturated individuals to use dental floss (81.0% vs. 63.9%, respectively) and visit the dentist regularly (76.7% vs. 66.9% respectively). Insurance status moderated the association between acculturation and dental visits: Acculturation was significantly associated with dental visits in the past year among insured individuals (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.29-2.23), but not among uninsured individuals. Unmet dental care needs were present in 11.1% of participants. While costs and insurance were the top two determinants of access to care, individuals with and without insurance differed with regard to their third major reason for unmet dental care needs: Being 'too busy' and not wanting to spend money on dental care. CONCLUSIONS Among the Asian population in the United States, those with high acculturation scores were more likely to engage in dental flossing and visit the dentist regularly compared to those Asians with lower acculturation scores. To encourage dental flossing and regular dental visits among Asians with lower acculturation scores, cultural adaptation and language accessibility suggests being considered. Future research is necessary to confirm the moderating effect of insurance status on the association between acculturation and regular dental visits. Additionally, our findings emphasize the impact of costs and insurance on access to dental care among Asians in the United States, highlighting the importance of future public health programmes in addressing these barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Moores Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Beiter K, Garza-Mayers AC. Geomapping of pediatric dermatologists: A tool to promote diversity and equity in dermatology. Pediatr Dermatol 2024; 41:70-72. [PMID: 38082502 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
There is a lack of racial and ethnic diversity across the field of dermatology, including the subspecialty of pediatric dermatology. Residency programs are improving recruitment and mentorship of medical students who identify with racial or ethnic minority communities (underrepresented in medicine [URiM]) to dermatology overall, a goal similarly held by our subspecialty. The objectives of this study were to create an online mapping tool to visually centralize the list of 142 dermatology residency programs, 105 with practicing pediatric dermatologists on faculty and 51 that offer financial scholarships for URiM visiting medical students completing away rotations. With this tool, we hope that prospective students may not only identify potential pediatric dermatology mentors for virtual and in-person activities, but that they may also build connections with and increase their chance of matching at prospective residency programs with demonstrable commitment to diversity, equity, and inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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3
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Beiter K, Rosenblatt A. Consideration of social context in understanding health disparities in pediatric dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 89:1273-1276. [PMID: 37562605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Adena Rosenblatt
- Section of Dermatology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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4
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Beiter K, Sable K, Arkin L. Ethical Considerations when Pre-adolescents Request Elective or Cosmetic Dermatologic Interventions. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023:S0190-9622(23)01077-0. [PMID: 37321486 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine.
| | | | - Lisa Arkin
- University of Wisconsin Madison School of Medicine
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Smith A, Fitzpatrick-Schmidt T, Beiter K, Cavalea AC, Scharf P, Schoen J, Stuke L, Greiffenstein P, Marr A, Tedesco A, Hunt JP. The COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on mass shootings in six major US cities. Injury 2023:S0020-1383(23)00395-9. [PMID: 37164899 PMCID: PMC10149110 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has significant impacts on the US socioeconomic structure. Gun violence is a major public health issue and the effects on this area have not been well-elucidated. The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of the pandemic on mass shootings in six major United States cities with historically high rates of gun violence. METHODS Mass shooting data were extracted from an open-source database, Gun Violence Archive. Mass shooting was defined as four or more people shot at a single event. Data from six cities with the highest incidence of mass shootings were analyzed in 2019 versus 2020 (Baltimore, Chicago, Detroit, New Orleans, Philadelphia, and St. Louis). Geographic data were examined to assess changes in each city's mass shooting geographic distribution over time. Quantitative changes were assessed using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI), and qualitative data were assessed using ArcGIS. RESULTS In 2020, the overall percentage of mass shootings increased by 46.7% though there was no change in the distribution of these events when assessed quantitatively (no change in average ADI) nor qualitatively (using ArcGIS). In the six cities analyzed, the total proportion of mass shooting events was unchanged during the pandemic (21.8% vs 20.6%, p = 0.64). Chicago, the US city with the highest incidence of mass shootings, did not experience a significant change in 2020 (n = 34/91, 37.3% vs. n = 53/126, 42.1%, p = 0.57). Baltimore had a significant decrease in mass shooting events (n = 18/91, 19.8% vs. 10/126, 7.9%, p = 0.01). The other four cities had no significant change in the number of mass shootings (p>0.05). CONCLUSION This study is the first to use ArcGIS technology to describe the patterns of mass shooting in six major US cities during the COVID-19 pandemic. The number of mass shootings in six US cities remained largely unchanged which suggests that changes in mass shootings is likely occurring in smaller cities. Future studies should focus on the changing patterns of homicides in at-risk communities and other possible social influences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Smith
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
| | | | - Kaylin Beiter
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
| | | | - Peter Scharf
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
| | - Jonathan Schoen
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
| | - Lance Stuke
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
| | | | - Alan Marr
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
| | | | - John P Hunt
- Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, USA.
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Beiter K, Culotta N, Hilton D. An inventory of current interventions to improve dermatologic clinical assessment in skin of color and recommendations for continued advancement. J Am Acad Dermatol 2023; 88:864-866. [PMID: 36528268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2022.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite documented disparities with regard to treatment of skin of color (SOC) among dermatology trainees, a consensus has not yet been established as to how to improve trainee experiences with regard to SOC pathology. Our study objective was to systematically review the literature and assess interventions that have been implemented thus far to increase trainee competence and/or confidence in assessing SOC pathology. A systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct in January 2022 was performed, yielding a total of 1097 records. Inclusion of primary literature only resulted in 669 records. After assessing records for relevance to the objective, a total of 3 were included. Two studies assessed interventions among medical students and 1 among dermatology resident physicians. In general, the interventions assessed the effect of a specific SOC curriculum, but varied in how they came up with the curriculum. One study engaged with medical students of color to develop their curriculum, and 1 study retrospectively identified and included images of patients with SOC into a new database that was used for educational purposes. Interventions that engage with SOC communities may be most relevant, whether this is done by using patient data or by allowing leadership with medical students of color. We present a system for future future interventions to engage with medical students of color at their institution to improve trainee experiences with skin of color and long-term recruitment and support of a diverse medical student body to the field of dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- Department of Dermatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - Nicholas Culotta
- Department of Dermatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Deborah Hilton
- Department of Dermatology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Luo T, Li MS, Williams D, Fritz J, Beiter K, Phillippi S, Yu Q, Kantrow S, Chen L, Chen Y, Tseng TS. A WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for Chinese smokers: a feasibility study. Transl Behav Med 2022; 12:1018-1027. [PMID: 36130313 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
WeChat is the largest social media platform in China, yet few WeChat-based smoking cessation interventions have been investigated to date. The objective of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for smokers in China. Participants were recruited using WeChat and were then randomized into one of three groups: the Standard Group, the Enhanced Group, and the wait-list Control Group. Feasibility indicators including program reach, recruitment rate, recruitment efficiency, cost per person, attrition rate, intervention message exposure, group discussion utilization rate, intervention message engagement, satisfaction, and the likelihood of recommending to others were measured with assessed. Analyses included Chi-square and Fisher exact test, as well as analysis of variance test. A responsive participant is defined as a participant that responded to a certain assessment. A total of 1,132 individuals connected with ("friended") our project on WeChat between July 1 and August 5, 2019. Of these, 403 were eligible to participate, consented, and completed the baseline assessment. As a result, 136, 135, and 132 smokers were randomly assigned to the Standard Group, the Enhanced Group, and the Control Group, respectively. The total program recruitment rate was 35.6% and the attrition rate was 46.4%. The program cost was $0.85 per person. All responsive participants read at least one message during the intervention and engaged with intervention messages 56.8% of the time. Most responsive participants reported being very or somewhat satisfied, highly or somewhat engaged, and were willing to recommend our program to others. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a smoking cessation interventions using WeChat. The program could be expanded to deliver smoking cessation interventions to a large population of smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92122, USA.,Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Mirandy S Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA.,School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Donna Williams
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Jackson Fritz
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA.,School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA.,School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Qingzhao Yu
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Stephen Kantrow
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 900095, USA
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Tung Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
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8
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Stuart S, Beiter K, Conrad E. (23) Perceived Barriers to Outpatient Mental Health Access in Hospitalized Traumatically Injured Patients. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2022.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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Beiter K, Danos D, Conrad E, Broyles S, Zabaleta J, Mussell J, Phillippi S. The COVID-19 pandemic and associated increases in experiences of assault violence among black men with low socioeconomic status living in Louisiana. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09974. [PMID: 35874081 PMCID: PMC9293370 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had mental health, social, and economic implications among communities with high levels of social disadvantage; this may have impacted community violence rates. The objective of this study was to characterize overall trends in assault and social disadvantage of patients experiencing assault before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods All trauma activations at a level one trauma center serving the entire southeast Louisiana region were included during March–August pre-COVID (2018–2019) and during COVID (2020). ICD-10 E-codes were used to identify trauma intent (assault vs. other). Assaults in this context are defined as physical injuries caused by an act of violence wherein the perpetrator was suspected or confirmed to have intended harm, injury, or death to the victim. Social disadvantage was assessed using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI). Change in the monthly rate of assault-trauma activations was assessed using negative binomial regression with adjustment for race, gender, and injury intent. The study was reviewed and approved by the Louisiana State University Health Sciences Institutional Review Board. Results A total of 4,233 trauma activations were included. The majority of activations occurred among men. Assaults increased from 27.5% of all activations pre-Covid to 35.6% during the pandemic. Penetrating trauma similarly increased from 29.5% to 35.7% of all activations. Negative binomial regression demonstrated that in addition to this increase in proportion of assaults relative to all activations, the monthly assault rate also increased by 20% during the pandemic. These increases were driven primarily by increased assaults among Black men. ADI rank did not change between study periods. Conclusions Health disparities in violence worsened during the pandemic: increased cases of assault occurred disproportionately among Black men, and assaults persisted in occurring primarily among low-ADI communities where burden had been high pre-pandemic. There is a critical need for resources and support to Black men, to mitigate violence and improve racial heath equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Denise Danos
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Erich Conrad
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephanie Broyles
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Jason Mussell
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 70112, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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10
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Beiter K, Danos D, Conrad E, Broyles S, Zabaleta J, Mussell J, Phillippi S. PTSD treatment reduces risk of trauma recidivism in a diverse community at a safety-net hospital: A propensity score analysis of data from a level one trauma center. Injury 2022; 53:2493-2500. [PMID: 35641330 PMCID: PMC11036415 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2022.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physically-traumatic injuries result in PTSD for approximately 10% of Americans, and this rate is higher among individuals of color and those living in poverty. Individuals of color living in poverty experience lower access to PTSD and other mental health services. Untreated PTSD is associated with increased risk of trauma recidivism, but it is unknown if provision of treatment is actually associated with a subsequent reduction in recidivism risk. METHODS For this observational cross-sectional study, data were collected retrospectively from the Trauma Registry of a level one trauma center, safety-net hospital in New Orleans between 2018 and 2020. Receipt of outpatient PTSD treatment at this same hospital was evaluated via chart review of the electronic health record. Propensity score matching was used to balance confounding variables of trauma type (assault vs. non-assault), gender, and race. McNemar test and Cox proportional hazard model were used with the propensity-balanced dataset to assess differences in trauma recidivism according to PTSD treatment status. RESULTS Among 5916 trauma activations that occurred in the study period, 92 instances of recidivism occurred. 91 pairs were established after balancing with the propensity score. 1-year recidivism was 2.2% (n = 2) of all treated individuals versus 15.4% (n = 14) of non-treated individuals (p < 0.0001). The marginal risk from the Cox proportional hazard model demonstrated an 82% reduction in risk of recidivism (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that mental health treatment can be used to reduce trauma recidivism. These data were shown among a high-risk population of disproportionately Black men living in a low-income community. Ensuring access to quality mental health care is one way to address the health disparities associated with physically-traumatic injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States.
| | - Denise Danos
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States
| | - Erich Conrad
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States
| | - Stephanie Broyles
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States
| | - Jovanny Zabaleta
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States
| | - Jason Mussell
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Floor 3, New Orleans LA 70112, United States
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Conrad E, Rajo E, Beiter K, Hughes J, Stuart S, Barker C. The Trauma Recovery Clinic: Integrated Care to Complete a Pro-active Behavioral Health Service for Trauma Surgery Patients. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaclp.2022.03.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Singh SK, Fenton A, Bumbarger B, Beiter K, Simpson L, Thornton M, Phillippi S. Transitioning Behavioral Healthcare in Louisiana Through the COVID-19 Pandemic: Policy and Practice Innovations to Sustain Telehealth Expansion. J Technol Behav Sci 2022; 7:296-306. [PMID: 35372669 PMCID: PMC8959783 DOI: 10.1007/s41347-022-00248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A statewide COVID-19 quarantine order forced an abrupt shift for Louisiana’s behavioral health providers who provide mental health and substance abuse treatment services. The Center for Evidence to Practice conducted a study of this unprecedented shift to better understand the disruption and continuation of care during early statewide adoption of telemental health. The Center performed a mixed-method assessment including a series of focus groups and key informant interviews followed by a survey of over 300 responding providers. Over 85% of providers reported sustaining behavioral health services using a variety of telemental health strategies. While traditional referral networks and client volume were significantly disrupted, temporary relaxation of Medicaid regulatory and reimbursement policies appeared to be a key facilitator of telemental health adoption and continued services. Shifting to telemental health relied on provider’s quick adaptations, engaging clients with a hybrid of teleconferencing platforms, calls/texts, and socially-distanced in-person visits. Larger multi-clinician providers and evidence-based practice (EBP) providers were better equipped to support the adoption of telemental health. Rural and EBPs providers disproportionately discontinued services. Although many practitioners viewed the original COVID-19 pandemic as a short-lived condition, the recent emergence of Delta and other variants has shown the impact on the BH care system may be lasting. Flexibility across policies and a variety of telemental health platforms are keys to telehealth adaptation. However, the contraction of the client base raises concerns of increasing disparities among vulnerable and hard-to-reach populations if telemental health becomes a sustained approach in response to future COVID-19 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonita K Singh
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Ashley Fenton
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | | | - Kaylin Beiter
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Lindsay Simpson
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Matthew Thornton
- The Center for Children and Families, Incorporated, Monroe, LA 71201 USA
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Public Health, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
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13
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Luo T, Li MS, Williams D, Fritz J, Beiter K, Phillippi S, Yu Q, Kantrow S, Lin WT, Kao YH, Chen Y, Chen L, Tseng TS. A WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention for Chinese smokers: A pilot study. Internet Interv 2022; 28:100511. [PMID: 35646606 PMCID: PMC9136339 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2022.100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China is the largest tobacco producer and has the highest number of tobacco consumers in the world. Extensive research has demonstrated the utility of social media for smoking cessation. WeChat is the most commonly used social media platform in China, but has not yet been utilized for smoking cessation interventions. The objectives of this study are (1) to evaluate the efficacy of a WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention; and (2) to examine a possible additive effect of integrating oral health and smoking-related information into a tailored, Transtheoretical Model (TTM) guided smoking cessation intervention. METHODS Eligible adults were recruited through WeChat from July 1 to August 6, 2019, to participate in a 3-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. We enrolled and randomized 403 participants into three groups: the Standard Group, Enhanced Group, or a Waitlist-Control Group. Participants in the Standard Group received 20 smoking cessation-related messages for 2 weeks; participants in the Enhanced Group received this same protocol plus 6 oral health-related messages over an additional week. Participants in the Control Group received smoking cessation-related messages, after the post-intervention assessment. The primary outcome was TTM Stage of Change, and the secondary outcomes were 7-day Point Prevalence Abstinence (PPA), 24-h PPA, daily cigarette use, and nicotine dependence at 4 weeks follow-up post intervention, comparing intervention groups with the control group. The overall program attrition rate was 46%. Paired t-tests, McNemar tests, and linear and logistic regression were used to examine differences in smoking cessation outcomes within and between groups. RESULTS Participants in the Enhanced Group (β = -1.28, 95%CI: -2.13, -0.44) and the Standard Group (β = -1.13, 95%CI: -1.95, -0.30) reported larger changes in nicotine dependence scores, compared to participants in the Waitlist Group. No statistically significant differences were found between the Enhanced Group and the Standard Group. DISCUSSION This WeChat-based intervention was effective for smoking cessation overall. The addition of oral health information did not significantly improve the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92122, USA,Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA,Corresponding author at: Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, California, USA.
| | - Mirandy S. Li
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA,School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Donna Williams
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92122, USA
| | - Jackson Fritz
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA,School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA,School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Qingzhao Yu
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Stephen Kantrow
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Wei-Ting Lin
- Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Yu-Hsiang Kao
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 900095, USA
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA
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14
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Beiter K, Hayden E, Phillippi S, Conrad E, Hunt J. Violent trauma as an indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review of hospital reported trauma. Am J Surg 2021; 222:922-932. [PMID: 34148669 PMCID: PMC8129999 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated many social conditions associated with violence. The objective of this systematic review was to examine trends in hospital reported violent trauma associated with the pandemic. METHODS Databases were searched in using terms "trauma" or "violence" and "COVID-19," yielding 4,473 records (2,194 de-duplicated). Exclusion criteria included non-hospital based studies and studies not reporting on violent trauma. 44 studies were included in the final review. RESULTS Most studies reported no change in violent trauma incidence. Studies predominately assessed trends with violent trauma as a proportion of all trauma. All studies demonstrating an increase in violent trauma were located in the United States. CONCLUSIONS A disproportionate rise in violence has been reported within the US. However, most studies examined violent trauma as a proportion of all trauma; results may reflect relative changes from lockdowns. Future studies should examine rates of violent trauma to provide additional context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylin Beiter
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States.
| | - Ellery Hayden
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
| | | | - Erich Conrad
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
| | - John Hunt
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, United States
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15
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Luo T, Li M, Williams D, Fritz J, Phillippi S, Yu Q, Kantrow S, Chen L, Chen Y, Beiter K, Tseng TS. Urban and Rural Disparities in a WeChat-Based Smoking Cessation Intervention among Chinese Smokers. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18136731. [PMID: 34201450 PMCID: PMC8268404 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tobacco use, which is directly responsible for 10% of total deaths per year globally, remains consistently high, with approximately 20% of the population reporting regular consumption globally. Moreover, health disparities regarding tobacco consumption and smoking cessation are growing between rural and urban populations worldwide. Social media interventions for tobacco cessation may effectively reach both groups. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a WeChat-delivered smoking cessation intervention among rural and urban Chinese smokers, and to assess moderating variables that may contribute to differential intervention efficacy. METHODS WeChat was used to recruit smokers into this intervention study between 1 July and 5 August 2019. Participants were randomized to one of three intervention schedules: participants in the Standard Group and the Enhanced Group received 20 smoking-related messages over 2 weeks, whereas participants in the Enhanced Group received an extra 6 oral health-related messages for one week. Participants in the control group received 20 smoking-related messages after the post-intervention assessment. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline and at 4 weeks follow-up. Our primary outcome was smoking cessation stage of change and secondary outcome was 24-h point prevalence abstinence (PPA). Urban and rural areas were based on self-reported living areas. Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, ANOVA test, linear regression, and logistic regression were used for analysis. RESULTS Overall, 403 participants completed the intervention (233 rural, 107 suburban, 63 urban). Compared to urban participants, rural participants were more likely to have progressed to a later stage of change (β = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.67) and to report higher 24-h PPA rates at follow-up (aOR = 3.23, 95% CI: 1.36, 7.68). After stratification by living area, the intervention effects in stage of change and 24-h PPA rate at follow-up were only found in the urban subgroup. DISCUSSION Smokers who lived in rural areas reported better smoking cessation outcomes compared with urban smokers; however, the efficacy of a WeChat-based smoking cessation intervention was only found for participants living in an urban area. WeChat based smoking cessation interventions should be used to promote smoking cessation in urban, suburban, and rural areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92122, USA; (M.L.); (K.B.)
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (D.W.); (S.P.); (T.-S.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mirandy Li
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92122, USA; (M.L.); (K.B.)
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (J.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Donna Williams
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (D.W.); (S.P.); (T.-S.T.)
| | - Jackson Fritz
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (J.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Stephen Phillippi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (D.W.); (S.P.); (T.-S.T.)
| | - Qingzhao Yu
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA;
| | - Stephen Kantrow
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (J.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Liwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Yongchun Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China;
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92122, USA; (M.L.); (K.B.)
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (J.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70122, USA; (D.W.); (S.P.); (T.-S.T.)
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16
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Phillippi SW, Beiter K, Thomas CL, Sugarman OK, Wennerstrom A, Wells KB, Trapido E. Medicaid Utilization Before and After a Natural Disaster in the 2016 Baton Rouge-Area Flood. Am J Public Health 2020; 109:S316-S321. [PMID: 31505136 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2019.305193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. To understand changes in behavioral health services utilization and expenditures before and after natural disaster with an adult Medicaid population affected by the Baton Rouge, Louisiana-area flood (August 2016).Methods. We examined de-identified behavioral health claims data for Medicaid-insured adults in the affected region for 10 months before and after flooding (October 2015-June 2017). This constituted 273 233 provider claims for 22 196 individuals. Claims data included patient gender, behavioral health diagnoses, treatment dates, and costs. We made adjustments for Medicaid expansion by using monthly enrollment data.Results. Overall, most male patient behavioral health care visits were for substance use disorders (33.6%) and most female patient behavioral health care visits were for depression-related disorders (30%). Both diagnostic categories increased after the flood by 66% and 44%, respectively. Expansion accounted for a 4% increase in claims. Postflood claims reflected 8% to 10% higher costs.Conclusions. Greater amounts of behavioral health care services were sought in all 10 months of the postflood study period. We observed gender differences in use of services and diagnoses. Behavioral health care services following natural disasters must be extended longer than traditionally expected, with consideration for specific population needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen W Phillippi
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
| | - Casey L Thomas
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
| | - Olivia K Sugarman
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
| | - Ashley Wennerstrom
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
| | - Kenneth B Wells
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
| | - Edward Trapido
- Stephen W. Phillippi, Kaylin Beiter, Casey L. Thomas, Olivia K. Sugarman, and Ashley Wennerstrom are with the Department of Behavioral and Community Sciences, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Olivia K. Sugarman and Ashley Wennerstrom are also with the Center for Healthcare Value and Equity, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans. Kenneth B. Wells is with the Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Services, David Geffen School of Medicine, and the Department of Health Policy and Management, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles. Edward Trapido is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans
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Diop-Ndiaye H, Beiter K, Gheit T, Sow Ndoye A, Dramé A, McKay-Chopin S, Tommasino M, Bouh Boye CS, Sylla B, Kane CT. Human Papillomavirus infection in senegalese female sex workers. Papillomavirus Res 2019; 7:97-101. [PMID: 30771492 PMCID: PMC6411505 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Several studies have documented the HPV genotypes in the Senegalese general population. The objective was to explore the HPV genotype distribution in Senegalese FSWs in order to assess the potential relevance of currently-available vaccines. METHODS Vaginal swabs samples collected as part of the National Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey in 14 regions throughout the country were randomly selected for HPV testing using bead-based multiplex genotyping (TS-MPG). RESULTS Among the 436 FSW samples analyzed, the overall HPV prevalence was 79.8% (N = 348), with 70.1% (N = 244) cases presenting as multiple infections. High Risk HPV genotypes affecting at least 10% of FSWs included in order of decreasing frequency: 52, 16, 35, 51, 33, 31, 18, and 45. Sixty-seven (15.4%) FSWs were HIV positive and they were significantly more affected by HPV (94% vs 77%; p < 0.01) than seronegative FSWs as well as infections with multiple genotype. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that FSW in Senegal experience a high burden of HPV infection with a high frequency of coinfection with HIV and multiple HPV genotypes. Public health interventions for this key population should include an earlier cervical dysplasia/cancer detection and preventative measures such as vaccination programs that must consider the HPV genotype distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kaylin Beiter
- Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, CHU Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Tarik Gheit
- Infections and Cancer Biology group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Aissatou Sow Ndoye
- Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, CHU Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Aboubacry Dramé
- Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, CHU Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Sandrine McKay-Chopin
- Infections and Cancer Biology group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Tommasino
- Infections and Cancer Biology group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Bakary Sylla
- Infections and Cancer Biology group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Coumba Touré Kane
- Bacteriology-Virology Laboratory, CHU Aristide le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
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18
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Fourniquet SE, Garvie K, Beiter K. Exposure to Dermatological Pathology on Skin of Color Increases Physician and Student Confidence in Diagnosing Pathology in Patients of Color. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.606.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Scheel SK, Beiter K, Hiendelmeyer E, Brabletz T, Hlubek F, Haynl A, Knoll C, Kirchner T, Jung A. β-Catenin reguliert die Expression von Tenascin-C in humanen kolorektalen Tumoren. Z Gastroenterol 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-992761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Barocchi MA, Ries J, Zogaj X, Hemsley C, Albiger B, Kanth A, Dahlberg S, Fernebro J, Moschioni M, Masignani V, Hultenby K, Taddei AR, Beiter K, Wartha F, von Euler A, Covacci A, Holden DW, Normark S, Rappuoli R, Henriques-Normark B. A pneumococcal pilus influences virulence and host inflammatory responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:2857-62. [PMID: 16481624 PMCID: PMC1368962 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0511017103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality world-wide. The initial event in invasive pneumococcal disease is the attachment of encapsulated pneumococci to epithelial cells in the upper respiratory tract. This work provides evidence that initial bacterial adhesion and subsequent ability to cause invasive disease is enhanced by pili, long organelles able to extend beyond the polysaccharide capsule, previously unknown to exist in pneumococci. These adhesive pili-like appendages are encoded by the pneumococcal rlrA islet, present in some, but not all, clinical isolates. Introduction of the rlrA islet into an encapsulated rlrA-negative isolate allowed pilus expression, enhanced adherence to lung epithelial cells, and provided a competitive advantage upon mixed intranasal challenge of mice. Furthermore, a pilus-expressing rlrA islet-positive clinical isolate was more virulent than a nonpiliated deletion mutant, and it out-competed the mutant in murine models of colonization, pneumonia, and bacteremia. Additionally, piliated pneumococci evoked a higher TNF response during systemic infection, compared with nonpiliated derivatives, suggesting that pneumococcal pili not only contribute to adherence and virulence but also stimulate the host inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Ries
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - X. Zogaj
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | - C. Hemsley
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - B. Albiger
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | - A. Kanth
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | - S. Dahlberg
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J. Fernebro
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
| | | | | | - K. Hultenby
- Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Huddinge, Sweden; and
| | - A. R. Taddei
- **Centro Interdipartimentale di Microscopia Elettronica, University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - K. Beiter
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F. Wartha
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. von Euler
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - D. W. Holden
- Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S. Normark
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R. Rappuoli
- *Chiron Vaccines, 53100 Siena, Italy
- To whom correspondence may be addressed at:
Chiron Corporation, Via Florentina 1l, Siena, Tuscany 53100, Italy. E-mail:
| | - B. Henriques-Normark
- Department of Bacteriology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden
- Microbiology and Tumorbiology Center, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17182 Stockholm, Sweden
- To whom correspondence may be addressed at:
Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control/MTC Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 18, SE-171 82 Solna, Sweden. E-mail:
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Beiter K. Lessons from the hearts of others. Am J Hosp Palliat Care 1993; 10:21-3. [PMID: 8312075 DOI: 10.1177/104990919301000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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