1
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Marie JJ, House RA, Rees GJ, Robertson AW, Jenkins M, Chen J, Agrestini S, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Bruce PG. Trapped O 2 and the origin of voltage fade in layered Li-rich cathodes. Nat Mater 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-01833-z. [PMID: 38429520 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen redox cathodes, such as Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2, deliver higher energy densities than those based on transition metal redox alone. However, they commonly exhibit voltage fade, a gradually diminishing discharge voltage on extended cycling. Recent research has shown that, on the first charge, oxidation of O2- ions forms O2 molecules trapped in nano-sized voids within the structure, which can be fully reduced to O2- on the subsequent discharge. Here we show that the loss of O-redox capacity on cycling and therefore voltage fade arises from a combination of a reduction in the reversibility of the O2-/O2 redox process and O2 loss. The closed voids that trap O2 grow on cycling, rendering more of the trapped O2 electrochemically inactive. The size and density of voids leads to cracking of the particles and open voids at the surfaces, releasing O2. Our findings implicate the thermodynamic driving force to form O2 as the root cause of transition metal migration, void formation and consequently voltage fade in Li-rich cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John-Joseph Marie
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK
| | - Robert A House
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK.
| | - Gregory J Rees
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK
| | | | - Max Jenkins
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | - Peter G Bruce
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Didcot, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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2
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Oppliger J, Denner MM, Küspert J, Frison R, Wang Q, Morawietz A, Ivashko O, Dippel AC, Zimmermann MV, Biało I, Martinelli L, Fauqué B, Choi J, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Christensen NB, Kurosawa T, Momono N, Oda M, Natterer FD, Fischer MH, Neupert T, Chang J. Weak signal extraction enabled by deep neural network denoising of diffraction data. NAT MACH INTELL 2024; 6:180-186. [PMID: 38404481 PMCID: PMC10883886 DOI: 10.1038/s42256-024-00790-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The removal or cancellation of noise has wide-spread applications in imaging and acoustics. In applications in everyday life, such as image restoration, denoising may even include generative aspects, which are unfaithful to the ground truth. For scientific use, however, denoising must reproduce the ground truth accurately. Denoising scientific data is further challenged by unknown noise profiles. In fact, such data will often include noise from multiple distinct sources, which substantially reduces the applicability of simulation-based approaches. Here we show how scientific data can be denoised by using a deep convolutional neural network such that weak signals appear with quantitative accuracy. In particular, we study X-ray diffraction and resonant X-ray scattering data recorded on crystalline materials. We demonstrate that weak signals stemming from charge ordering, insignificant in the noisy data, become visible and accurate in the denoised data. This success is enabled by supervised training of a deep neural network with pairs of measured low- and high-noise data. We additionally show that using artificial noise does not yield such quantitatively accurate results. Our approach thus illustrates a practical strategy for noise filtering that can be applied to challenging acquisition problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Oppliger
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Küspert
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ruggero Frison
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Qisi Wang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Oleh Ivashko
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Izabela Biało
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Benoît Fauqué
- JEIP, USR 3573 CNRS, Collège de France, PSL University, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Tohru Kurosawa
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Momono
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran, Japan
| | - Migaku Oda
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | | | - Titus Neupert
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johan Chang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Martinelli L, Wohlfeld K, Pelliciari J, Arpaia R, Brookes NB, Di Castro D, Fernandez MG, Kang M, Krockenberger Y, Kummer K, McNally DE, Paris E, Schmitt T, Yamamoto H, Walters A, Zhou KJ, Braicovich L, Comin R, Sala MM, Devereaux TP, Daghofer M, Ghiringhelli G. Collective Nature of Orbital Excitations in Layered Cuprates in the Absence of Apical Oxygens. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:066004. [PMID: 38394564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.066004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
We have investigated the 3d orbital excitations in CaCuO_{2} (CCO), Nd_{2}CuO_{4} (NCO), and La_{2}CuO_{4} (LCO) using high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. In LCO they behave as well-localized excitations, similarly to several other cuprates. On the contrary, in CCO and NCO the d_{xy} orbital clearly disperses, pointing to a collective character of this excitation (orbiton) in compounds without apical oxygen. We ascribe the origin of the dispersion as stemming from a substantial next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) orbital superexchange. Such an exchange leads to the liberation of the orbiton from its coupling to magnons, which is associated with the orbiton hopping between nearest neighbor copper sites. Finally, we show that the exceptionally large NNN orbital superexchange can be traced back to the absence of apical oxygens suppressing the charge transfer energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Krzysztof Wohlfeld
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jonathan Pelliciari
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Riccardo Arpaia
- Quantum Device Physics Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Nicholas B Brookes
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniele Di Castro
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile e Ingegneria Informatica, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Via del Politecnico 1, I-00133 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Mingu Kang
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - Kurt Kummer
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel E McNally
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Eugenio Paris
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Schmitt
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0198, Japan
| | - Andrew Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Lucio Braicovich
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- ESRF-The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Riccardo Comin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Marco Moretti Sala
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Thomas P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Maria Daghofer
- Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
- Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 57, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Giacomo Ghiringhelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- CNR-SPIN, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, I-20133 Milano, Italy
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4
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Li XT, Tu SJ, Chaix L, Fawaz C, d'Astuto M, Li X, Yakhou-Harris F, Kummer K, Brookes NB, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Lin ZF, Yuan J, Jin K, Dean MPM, Liu X. Evolution of the Magnetic Excitations in Electron-Doped La_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4}. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:056002. [PMID: 38364146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.056002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the high energy spin excitations in electron-doped La_{2-x}Ce_{x}CuO_{4}, a cuprate superconductor, by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements. Efforts were paid to disentangle the paramagnon signal from non-spin-flip spectral weight mixing in the RIXS spectrum at Q_{∥}=(0.6π,0) and (0.9π,0) along the (1 0) direction. Our results show that, for doping level x from 0.07 to 0.185, the variation of the paramagnon excitation energy is marginal. We discuss the implication of our results in connection with the evolution of the electron correlation strength in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- X T Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - S J Tu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - L Chaix
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - C Fawaz
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - M d'Astuto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - X Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - F Yakhou-Harris
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - K Kummer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - N B Brookes
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), B.P. 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | | | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Z F Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - J Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - K Jin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
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5
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Choi J, Li J, Nag A, Pelliciari J, Robarts H, Tam CC, Walters A, Agrestini S, García-Fernández M, Song D, Eisaki H, Johnston S, Comin R, Ding H, Zhou KJ. Universal Stripe Symmetry of Short-Range Charge Density Waves in Cuprate Superconductors. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2307515. [PMID: 37830432 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The omnipresence of charge density waves (CDWs) across almost all cuprate families underpins a common organizing principle. However, a longstanding debate of whether its spatial symmetry is stripe or checkerboard remains unresolved. While CDWs in lanthanum- and yttrium-based cuprates possess a stripe symmetry, distinguishing these two scenarios is challenging for the short-range CDW in bismuth-based cuprates. Here, high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering is employed to uncover the spatial symmetry of the CDW in Bi2 Sr2 - x Lax CuO6 + δ . Across a wide range of doping and temperature, anisotropic CDW peaks with elliptical shapes are found in reciprocal space. Based on Fourier transform analysis of real-space models, the results are interpreted as evidence of unidirectional charge stripes, hosted by mutually 90°-rotated anisotropic domains. This work paves the way for a unified symmetry and microscopic description of CDW order in cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewon Choi
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jiemin Li
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jonathan Pelliciari
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Hannah Robarts
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Charles C Tam
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Andrew Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Stefano Agrestini
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | | | - Dongjoon Song
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8560, Japan
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Eisaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8560, Japan
| | - Steve Johnston
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Riccardo Comin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hong Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
- Tsung-Dao Lee Institute & School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
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6
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Arpaia R, Martinelli L, Sala MM, Caprara S, Nag A, Brookes NB, Camisa P, Li Q, Gao Q, Zhou X, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Schierle E, Bauch T, Peng YY, Di Castro C, Grilli M, Lombardi F, Braicovich L, Ghiringhelli G. Signature of quantum criticality in cuprates by charge density fluctuations. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7198. [PMID: 37938250 PMCID: PMC10632404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42961-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The universality of the strange metal phase in many quantum materials is often attributed to the presence of a quantum critical point (QCP), a zero-temperature phase transition ruled by quantum fluctuations. In cuprates, where superconductivity hinders direct QCP observation, indirect evidence comes from the identification of fluctuations compatible with the strange metal phase. Here we show that the recently discovered charge density fluctuations (CDF) possess the right properties to be associated to a quantum phase transition. Using resonant x-ray scattering, we studied the CDF in two families of cuprate superconductors across a wide doping range (up to p = 0.22). At p* ≈ 0.19, the putative QCP, the CDF intensity peaks, and the characteristic energy Δ is minimum, marking a wedge-shaped region in the phase diagram indicative of a quantum critical behavior, albeit with anomalies. These findings strengthen the role of charge order in explaining strange metal phenomenology and provide insights into high-temperature superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Arpaia
- Quantum Device Physics Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Göteborg, Sweden.
| | - Leonardo Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Moretti Sala
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Sergio Caprara
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
- CNR-ISC, via dei Taurini 19, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas B Brookes
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Pietro Camisa
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Qizhi Li
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, CN-100871, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CN-100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjiang Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, CN-100190, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Schierle
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, D-12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thilo Bauch
- Quantum Device Physics Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ying Ying Peng
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, CN-100871, Beijing, China
| | - Carlo Di Castro
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Grilli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", P.le Aldo Moro 5, I-00185, Roma, Italy
- CNR-ISC, via dei Taurini 19, I-00185, Roma, Italy
| | - Floriana Lombardi
- Quantum Device Physics Laboratory, Department of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Lucio Braicovich
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Giacomo Ghiringhelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy.
- CNR-SPIN, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, I-20133, Milano, Italy.
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7
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Scott K, Kisiel E, Boyle TJ, Basak R, Jargot G, Das S, Agrestini S, Garcia-Fernandez M, Choi J, Pelliciari J, Li J, Chuang YD, Zhong R, Schneeloch JA, Gu G, Légaré F, Kemper AF, Zhou KJ, Bisogni V, Blanco-Canosa S, Frano A, Boschini F, da Silva Neto EH. Low-energy quasi-circular electron correlations with charge order wavelength in Bi 2Sr 2CaCu 2O 8+δ. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg3710. [PMID: 37467326 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg3710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Most resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) studies of dynamic charge order correlations in the cuprates have focused on the high-symmetry directions of the copper oxide plane. However, scattering along other in-plane directions should not be ignored as it may help understand, for example, the origin of charge order correlations or the isotropic scattering resulting in strange metal behavior. Our RIXS experiments reveal dynamic charge correlations over the qx-qy scattering plane in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. Tracking the softening of the RIXS-measured bond-stretching phonon, we show that these dynamic correlations exist at energies below approximately 70 meV and are centered around a quasi-circular manifold in the qx-qy scattering plane with radius equal to the magnitude of the charge order wave vector, qCO. This phonon-tracking procedure also allows us to rule out fluctuations of short-range directional charge order (i.e., centered around [qx = ±qCO, qy = 0] and [qx = 0, qy = ±qCO]) as the origin of the observed correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Scott
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Elliot Kisiel
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Timothy J Boyle
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Rourav Basak
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gaëtan Jargot
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Sarmistha Das
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | - Jaewon Choi
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jonathan Pelliciari
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Jiemin Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Yi-De Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ruidan Zhong
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - John A Schneeloch
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Genda Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - François Légaré
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
| | - Alexander F Kemper
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Valentina Bisogni
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Santiago Blanco-Canosa
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alex Frano
- Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Fabio Boschini
- Centre Énergie Matériaux Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
- Quantum Matter Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Eduardo H da Silva Neto
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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8
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Ueda H, García-Fernández M, Agrestini S, Romao CP, van den Brink J, Spaldin NA, Zhou KJ, Staub U. Chiral phonons in quartz probed by X-rays. Nature 2023:10.1038/s41586-023-06016-5. [PMID: 37286603 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The concept of chirality is of great relevance in nature, from chiral molecules such as sugar to parity transformations in particle physics. In condensed matter physics, recent studies have demonstrated chiral fermions and their relevance in emergent phenomena closely related to topology1-3. The experimental verification of chiral phonons (bosons) remains challenging, however, despite their expected strong impact on fundamental physical properties4-6. Here we show experimental proof of chiral phonons using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering with circularly polarized X-rays. Using the prototypical chiral material quartz, we demonstrate that circularly polarized X-rays, which are intrinsically chiral, couple to chiral phonons at specific positions in reciprocal space, allowing us to determine the chiral dispersion of the lattice modes. Our experimental proof of chiral phonons demonstrates a new degree of freedom in condensed matter that is both of fundamental importance and opens the door to exploration of new emergent phenomena based on chiral bosons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ueda
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
- SwissFEL, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
| | | | | | - Carl P Romao
- Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | - Urs Staub
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland.
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9
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Elnaggar H, Nag A, Haverkort MW, Garcia-Fernandez M, Walters A, Wang RP, Zhou KJ, de Groot F. Magnetic excitations beyond the single- and double-magnons. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2749. [PMID: 37173301 PMCID: PMC10182046 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38341-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A photon carrying one unit of angular momentum can change the spin angular momentum of a magnetic system with one unit (ΔMs = ±1) at most. This implies that a two-photon scattering process can manipulate the spin angular momentum of the magnetic system with a maximum of two units. Herein we describe a triple-magnon excitation in α-Fe2O3, which contradicts this conventional wisdom that only 1- and 2-magnon excitations are possible in a resonant inelastic X-ray scattering experiment. We observe an excitation at exactly three times the magnon energy, along with additional excitations at four and five times the magnon energy, suggesting quadruple and quintuple-magnons as well. Guided by theoretical calculations, we reveal how a two-photon scattering process can create exotic higher-rank magnons and the relevance of these quasiparticles for magnon-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatalla Elnaggar
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Mineralogy, Physics of Materials and Cosmochemistry, CNRS, Sorbonne University, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrew Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ru-Pan Wang
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, G610, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom.
| | - Frank de Groot
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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10
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Ding X, Tam CC, Sui X, Zhao Y, Xu M, Choi J, Leng H, Zhang J, Wu M, Xiao H, Zu X, Garcia-Fernandez M, Agrestini S, Wu X, Wang Q, Gao P, Li S, Huang B, Zhou KJ, Qiao L. Critical role of hydrogen for superconductivity in nickelates. Nature 2023; 615:50-55. [PMID: 36859583 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The newly discovered nickelate superconductors so far only exist in epitaxial thin films synthesized by a topotactic reaction with metal hydrides1. This method changes the nickelates from the perovskite to an infinite-layer structure by deintercalation of apical oxygens1-3. Such a chemical reaction may introduce hydrogen (H), influencing the physical properties of the end materials4-9. Unfortunately, H is insensitive to most characterization techniques and is difficult to detect because of its light weight. Here, in optimally Sr doped Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2H epitaxial films, secondary-ion mass spectroscopy shows abundant H existing in the form of Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2Hx (x ≅ 0.2-0.5). Zero resistivity is found within a very narrow H-doping window of 0.22 ≤ x ≤ 0.28, showing unequivocally the critical role of H in superconductivity. Resonant inelastic X-ray scattering demonstrates the existence of itinerant interstitial s (IIS) orbitals originating from apical oxygen deintercalation. Density functional theory calculations show that electronegative H- occupies the apical oxygen sites annihilating IIS orbitals, reducing the IIS-Ni 3d orbital hybridization. This leads the electronic structure of H-doped Nd0.8Sr0.2NiO2Hx to be more two-dimensional-like, which might be relevant for the observed superconductivity. We highlight that H is an important ingredient for superconductivity in epitaxial infinite-layer nickelates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ding
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Charles C Tam
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xuelei Sui
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghui Xu
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jaewon Choi
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Huaqian Leng
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- School of Materials, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mei Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Xiao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaotao Zu
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | - Xiaoqiang Wu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingyuan Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Peng Gao
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sean Li
- School of Materials, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bing Huang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China.
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK.
| | - Liang Qiao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Nag A, Peng Y, Li J, Agrestini S, Robarts HC, García-Fernández M, Walters AC, Wang Q, Yin Q, Lei H, Yin Z, Zhou KJ. Correlation driven near-flat band Stoner excitations in a Kagome magnet. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7317. [DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34933-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAmong condensed matter systems, Mott insulators exhibit diverse properties that emerge from electronic correlations. In itinerant metals, correlations are usually weak, but can also be enhanced via geometrical confinement of electrons, that manifest as ‘flat’ dispersionless electronic bands. In the fast developing field of topological materials, which includes Dirac and Weyl semimetals, flat bands are one of the important components that can result in unusual magnetic and transport behaviour. To date, characterisation of flat bands and their magnetism is scarce, hindering the design of novel materials. Here, we investigate the ferromagnetic Kagomé semimetal Co3Sn2S2 using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Remarkably, nearly non-dispersive Stoner spin excitation peaks are observed, sharply contrasting with the featureless Stoner continuum expected in conventional ferromagnetic metals. Our band structure and dynamic spin susceptibility calculations, and thermal evolution of the excitations, confirm the nearly non-dispersive Stoner excitations as unique signatures of correlations and spin-polarized electronic flat bands in Co3Sn2S2. These observations serve as a cornerstone for further exploration of band-induced symmetry-breaking orders in topological materials.
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12
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Tam CC, Choi J, Ding X, Agrestini S, Nag A, Wu M, Huang B, Luo H, Gao P, García-Fernández M, Qiao L, Zhou KJ. Charge density waves in infinite-layer NdNiO 2 nickelates. Nat Mater 2022; 21:1116-1120. [PMID: 35982306 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01330-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In materials science, much effort has been devoted to the reproduction of superconductivity in chemical compositions, analogous to cuprate superconductors since their discovery over 30 years ago. This approach was recently successful in realising superconductivity in infinite-layer nickelates1-6. Although differing from cuprates in electronic and magnetic properties, strong Coulomb interactions suggest that infinite-layer nickelates have a propensity towards various symmetry-breaking orders that populate cuprates7-10. Here we report the observation of charge density waves (CDWs) in infinite-layer NdNiO2 films using Ni L3 resonant X-ray scattering. Remarkably, CDWs form in Nd 5d and Ni 3d orbitals at the same commensurate wavevector (0.333, 0) reciprocal lattice units, with non-negligible out-of-plane dependence and an in-plane correlation length of up to ~60 Å. Spectroscopic studies reveal a strong connection between CDWs and Nd 5d-Ni 3d orbital hybridization. Upon entering the superconducting state at 20% Sr doping, the CDWs disappear. Our work demonstrates the existence of CDWs in infinite-layer nickelates with a multiorbital character distinct from cuprates, which establishes their low-energy physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles C Tam
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jaewon Choi
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - Xiang Ding
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom
- Laboratory for Non-linear Optics, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland
| | - Mei Wu
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Huang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Huiqian Luo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- International Center for Quantum Materials and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Liang Qiao
- School of Physics, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Didcot, United Kingdom.
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13
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Hepting M, Bejas M, Nag A, Yamase H, Coppola N, Betto D, Falter C, Garcia-Fernandez M, Agrestini S, Zhou KJ, Minola M, Sacco C, Maritato L, Orgiani P, Wei HI, Shen KM, Schlom DG, Galdi A, Greco A, Keimer B. Gapped Collective Charge Excitations and Interlayer Hopping in Cuprate Superconductors. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:047001. [PMID: 35938998 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.047001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to probe the propagation of plasmons in the electron-doped cuprate superconductor Sr_{0.9}La_{0.1}CuO_{2}. We detect a plasmon gap of ∼120 meV at the two-dimensional Brillouin zone center, indicating that low-energy plasmons in Sr_{0.9}La_{0.1}CuO_{2} are not strictly acoustic. The plasmon dispersion, including the gap, is accurately captured by layered t-J-V model calculations. A similar analysis performed on recent resonant inelastic x-ray scattering data from other cuprates suggests that the plasmon gap is generic and its size is related to the magnitude of the interlayer hopping t_{z}. Our work signifies the three dimensionality of the charge dynamics in layered cuprates and provides a new method to determine t_{z}.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hepting
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - M Bejas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura and Instituto de Física de Rosario (UNR-CONICET), Avenida Pellegrini 250, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - A Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - H Yamase
- International Center of Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - N Coppola
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - D Betto
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C Falter
- Institut für Festkörpertheorie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - S Agrestini
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - M Minola
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - C Sacco
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - L Maritato
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - P Orgiani
- CNR-SPIN Salerno, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
- CNR-IOM, TASC Laboratory in Area Science Park, 34139 Trieste, Italy
| | - H I Wei
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - K M Shen
- LASSP, Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - D G Schlom
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A Galdi
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Salerno, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
- Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences and Education, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - A Greco
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura and Instituto de Física de Rosario (UNR-CONICET), Avenida Pellegrini 250, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - B Keimer
- Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstraße 1, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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14
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Son S, Lee Y, Kim JH, Kim BH, Kim C, Na W, Ju H, Park S, Nag A, Zhou KJ, Son YW, Kim H, Noh WS, Park JH, Lee JS, Cheong H, Kim JH, Park JG. Multiferroic-Enabled Magnetic-Excitons in 2D Quantum-Entangled Van der Waals Antiferromagnet NiI 2. Adv Mater 2022; 34:e2109144. [PMID: 34936713 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202109144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Matter-light interaction is at the center of diverse research fields from quantum optics to condensed matter physics, opening new fields like laser physics. A magnetic exciton is one such rare example found in magnetic insulators. However, it is relatively rare to observe that external variables control matter-light interaction. Here, it is reported that the broken inversion symmetry of multiferroicity can act as an external knob enabling magnetic excitons in the van der Waals antiferromagnet NiI2 . It is further discovered that this magnetic exciton arises from a transition between Zhang-Rice-triplet and Zhang-Rice-singlet fundamentally quantum-entangled states. This quantum entanglement produces an ultrasharp optical exciton peak at 1.384 eV with a 5 meV linewidth. The work demonstrates that NiI2 is 2D magnetically ordered with an intrinsically quantum-entangled ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhan Son
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Youjin Lee
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ha Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Hyun Kim
- School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaebin Kim
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woongki Na
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwiin Ju
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sudong Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- MPPHC-CPM, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Young-Woo Son
- School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongdo Kim
- XFEL Beamline Division, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Suk Noh
- MPPHC-CPM, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
- MPPHC-CPM, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seok Lee
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonsik Cheong
- Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul, 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Kim
- Department of Physics, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Geun Park
- Center for Quantum Materials, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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15
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Zhou KJ, Walters A, Garcia-Fernandez M, Rice T, Hand M, Nag A, Li J, Agrestini S, Garland P, Wang H, Alcock S, Nistea I, Nutter B, Rubies N, Knap G, Gaughran M, Yuan F, Chang P, Emmins J, Howell G. I21: an advanced high-resolution resonant inelastic X-ray scattering beamline at Diamond Light Source. J Synchrotron Radiat 2022; 29:563-580. [PMID: 35254322 PMCID: PMC8900866 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577522000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The I21 beamline at Diamond Light Source is dedicated to advanced resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) for probing charge, orbital, spin and lattice excitations in materials across condensed matter physics, applied sciences and chemistry. Both the beamline and the RIXS spectrometer employ divergent variable-line-spacing gratings covering a broad energy range of 280-3000 eV. A combined energy resolution of ∼35 meV (16 meV) is readily achieved at 930 eV (530 eV) owing to the optimized optics and the mechanics. Considerable efforts have been paid to the design of the entire beamline, particularly the implementation of the collection mirrors, to maximize the X-ray photon throughput. The continuous rotation of the spectrometer over 150° under ultra high vacuum and a cryogenic manipulator with six degrees of freedom allow accurate mappings of low-energy excitations from solid state materials in momentum space. Most importantly, the facility features a unique combination of the high energy resolution and the high photon throughput vital for advanced RIXS applications. Together with its stability and user friendliness, I21 has become one of the most sought after RIXS beamlines in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Rice
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Hand
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Jiemin Li
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Agrestini
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Garland
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Hongchang Wang
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Alcock
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ioana Nistea
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Brian Nutter
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Rubies
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Giles Knap
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Gaughran
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Fajin Yuan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Chang
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - John Emmins
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - George Howell
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
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16
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Lu H, Rossi M, Nag A, Osada M, Li DF, Lee K, Wang BY, Garcia-Fernandez M, Agrestini S, Shen ZX, Been EM, Moritz B, Devereaux TP, Zaanen J, Hwang HY, Zhou KJ, Lee WS. Magnetic excitations in infinite-layer nickelates. Science 2021; 373:213-216. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abd7726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Lu
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - M. Rossi
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - M. Osada
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - D. F. Li
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - K. Lee
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - B. Y. Wang
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - S. Agrestini
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Z. X. Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - E. M. Been
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - B. Moritz
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - T. P. Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J. Zaanen
- Instituut-Lorentz for theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, 2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - H. Y. Hwang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
| | - W. S. Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory and Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
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17
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Wang Q, von Arx K, Horio M, Mukkattukavil DJ, Küspert J, Sassa Y, Schmitt T, Nag A, Pyon S, Takayama T, Takagi H, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Chang J. Charge order lock-in by electron-phonon coupling in La 1.675Eu 0.2Sr 0.125CuO 4. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/27/eabg7394. [PMID: 34193430 PMCID: PMC8245032 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg7394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Charge order is universal to all hole-doped cuprates. Yet, the driving interactions remain an unsolved problem. Electron-electron interaction is widely believed to be essential, whereas the role of electron-phonon interaction is unclear. We report an ultrahigh-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) study of the in-plane bond-stretching phonon mode in stripe-ordered cuprate La1.675Eu0.2Sr0.125CuO4 Phonon softening and lifetime shortening are found around the charge ordering wave vector. In addition to these self-energy effects, the electron-phonon coupling is probed by its proportionality to the RIXS cross section. We find an enhancement of the electron-phonon coupling around the charge-stripe ordering wave vector upon cooling into the low-temperature tetragonal structure phase. These results suggest that, in addition to electronic correlations, electron-phonon coupling contributes substantially to the emergence of long-range charge-stripe order in cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisi Wang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Karin von Arx
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Masafumi Horio
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia Küspert
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Yasmine Sassa
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Thorsten Schmitt
- Swiss Light Source, Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Sunseng Pyon
- Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Takayama
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hidenori Takagi
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | | | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Johan Chang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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18
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House RA, Marie JJ, Park J, Rees GJ, Agrestini S, Nag A, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Bruce PG. Covalency does not suppress O 2 formation in 4d and 5d Li-rich O-redox cathodes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2975. [PMID: 34016979 PMCID: PMC8137948 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23154-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Layered Li-rich transition metal oxides undergo O-redox, involving the oxidation of the O2− ions charge compensated by extraction of Li+ ions. Recent results have shown that for 3d transition metal oxides the oxidized O2− forms molecular O2 trapped in the bulk particles. Other forms of oxidised O2− such as O22− or (O–O)n− with long bonds have been proposed, based especially on work on 4 and 5d transition metal oxides, where TM–O bonding is more covalent. Here, we show, using high resolution RIXS that molecular O2 is formed in the bulk particles on O2‒ oxidation in the archetypal Li-rich ruthenates and iridate compounds, Li2RuO3, Li2Ru0.5Sn0.5O3 and Li2Ir0.5Sn0.5O3. The results indicate that O-redox occurs across 3, 4, and 5d transition metal oxides, forming O2, i.e. the greater covalency of the 4d and 5d compounds still favours O2. RIXS and XAS data for Li2IrO3 are consistent with a charge compensation mechanism associated primarily with Ir redox up to and beyond the 5+ oxidation state, with no evidence of O–O dimerization. In this work, authors show that O-redox in 4d and 5d transition metal oxides involves the formation of molecular oxygen trapped in the particles. These results are in accord with observations in 3d oxides and show that the greater covalency of the 4d and 5d oxides does not stabilise peroxo-like species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A House
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,The Henry Royce Institute, Oxford, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - John-Joseph Marie
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,The Henry Royce Institute, Oxford, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Joohyuk Park
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,The Henry Royce Institute, Oxford, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Gregory J Rees
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,The Henry Royce Institute, Oxford, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | | | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | | | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Peter G Bruce
- Department of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,The Henry Royce Institute, Oxford, UK. .,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Becquerel Avenue, Harwell Campus, Didcot, UK.
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19
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Li J, Xu L, Garcia-Fernandez M, Nag A, Robarts HC, Walters AC, Liu X, Zhou J, Wohlfeld K, van den Brink J, Ding H, Zhou KJ. Unraveling the Orbital Physics in a Canonical Orbital System KCuF_{3}. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:106401. [PMID: 33784112 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.106401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We explore the existence of the collective orbital excitations, orbitons, in the canonical orbital system KCuF_{3} using the Cu L_{3}-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. We show that the nondispersive high-energy peaks result from the Cu^{2+} dd orbital excitations. These high-energy modes display good agreement with the ab initio quantum chemistry calculation, indicating that the dd excitations are highly localized. At the same time, the low-energy excitations present clear dispersion. They match extremely well with the two-spinon continuum following the comparison with Müller ansatz calculations. The localized dd excitations and the observation of the strongly dispersive magnetic excitations suggest that the orbiton dispersion is below the resolution detection limit. Our results can reconcile with the strong local Jahn-Teller effect in KCuF_{3}, which predominantly drives orbital ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemin Li
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - H C Robarts
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - A C Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - X Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jianshi Zhou
- The Materials Science and Engineering Program, Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Krzysztof Wohlfeld
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, PL-02093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Institute for Theoretical Solid State Physics, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Physics and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat, TU Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hong Ding
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
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20
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Lin JQ, Villar Arribi P, Fabbris G, Botana AS, Meyers D, Miao H, Shen Y, Mazzone DG, Feng J, Chiuzbăian SG, Nag A, Walters AC, García-Fernández M, Zhou KJ, Pelliciari J, Jarrige I, Freeland JW, Zhang J, Mitchell JF, Bisogni V, Liu X, Norman MR, Dean MPM. Strong Superexchange in a d^{9-δ} Nickelate Revealed by Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:087001. [PMID: 33709756 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.087001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of superconductivity in a d^{9-δ} nickelate has inspired disparate theoretical perspectives regarding the essential physics of this class of materials. A key issue is the magnitude of the magnetic superexchange, which relates to whether cuprate-like high-temperature nickelate superconductivity could be realized. We address this question using Ni L-edge and O K-edge spectroscopy of the reduced d^{9-1/3} trilayer nickelates R_{4}Ni_{3}O_{8} (where R=La, Pr) and associated theoretical modeling. A magnon energy scale of ∼80 meV resulting from a nearest-neighbor magnetic exchange of J=69(4) meV is observed, proving that d^{9-δ} nickelates can host a large superexchange. This value, along with that of the Ni-O hybridization estimated from our O K-edge data, implies that trilayer nickelates represent an intermediate case between the infinite-layer nickelates and the cuprates. Layered nickelates thus provide a route to testing the relevance of superexchange to nickelate superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Lin
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - P Villar Arribi
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - G Fabbris
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A S Botana
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - D Meyers
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078, USA
| | - H Miao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Y Shen
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Mazzone
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J Feng
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - S G Chiuzbăian
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, UMR 7614, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - A C Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - M García-Fernández
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - J Pelliciari
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I Jarrige
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J W Freeland
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institute of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - J F Mitchell
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - V Bisogni
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - M R Norman
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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21
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Lander GH, Sundermann M, Springell R, Walters AC, Nag A, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, van der Laan G, Caciuffo R. Resonant inelastic x-ray spectroscopy on UO 2 as a test case for actinide materials. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:06LT01. [PMID: 33325375 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abc4d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic x-ray spectroscopy at the uranium N4 absorption edge at 778 eV has been used to reveal the excitations in UO2 up to 1 eV. The earlier (1989) studies by neutron inelastic scattering of the crystal-field states within the 3H4 multiplet are confirmed. In addition, the first excited state of the 3F2 multiplet at ∼520 meV has been established, and there is a weak signal corresponding to the next excited state at ∼920 meV. This represents a successful application of soft x-ray spectroscopy to an actinide sample, and resolves an open question in UO2 that has been discussed for 50 years. The technique is described and important caveats are drawn about possible future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- G H Lander
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Interface Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - M Sundermann
- Institute of Physics II, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnizer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - R Springell
- Interface Analysis Centre, School of Physics, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol, BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - A C Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - A Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - M Garcia-Fernandez
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - K J Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - G van der Laan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - R Caciuffo
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), Postfach 2340, D-76125 Karlsruhe, Germany
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22
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Nag A, Zhu M, Bejas M, Li J, Robarts HC, Yamase H, Petsch AN, Song D, Eisaki H, Walters AC, García-Fernández M, Greco A, Hayden SM, Zhou KJ. Detection of Acoustic Plasmons in Hole-Doped Lanthanum and Bismuth Cuprate Superconductors Using Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:257002. [PMID: 33416344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.257002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
High T_{c} superconductors show a rich variety of phases associated with their charge degrees of freedom. Valence charges can give rise to charge ordering or acoustic plasmons in these layered cuprate superconductors. While charge ordering has been observed for both hole- and electron-doped cuprates, acoustic plasmons have only been found in electron-doped materials. Here, we use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to observe the presence of acoustic plasmons in two families of hole-doped cuprate superconductors (La_{1.84}Sr_{0.16}CuO_{4} and Bi_{2}Sr_{1.6}La_{0.4}CuO_{6+δ}), crucially completing the picture. Interestingly, in contrast to the quasistatic charge ordering which manifests at both Cu and O sites, the observed acoustic plasmons are predominantly associated with the O sites, revealing a unique dichotomy in the behavior of valence charges in hole-doped cuprates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - M Zhu
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Matías Bejas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura and Instituto de Física de Rosario (UNR-CONICET), Avenida Pellegrini 250, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - J Li
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - H C Robarts
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Hiroyuki Yamase
- International Center of Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - A N Petsch
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - D Song
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560, Japan
| | - H Eisaki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560, Japan
| | - A C Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | | | - Andrés Greco
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura and Instituto de Física de Rosario (UNR-CONICET), Avenida Pellegrini 250, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - S M Hayden
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
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23
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Sharpe R, House RA, Clarke MJ, Förstermann D, Marie JJ, Cibin G, Zhou KJ, Playford HY, Bruce PG, Islam MS. Redox Chemistry and the Role of Trapped Molecular O 2 in Li-Rich Disordered Rocksalt Oxyfluoride Cathodes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21799-21809. [PMID: 33321041 PMCID: PMC7872422 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the search for high energy density cathodes for next-generation lithium-ion batteries, the disordered rocksalt oxyfluorides are receiving significant attention due to their high capacity and lower voltage hysteresis compared with ordered Li-rich layered compounds. However, a deep understanding of these phenomena and their redox chemistry remains incomplete. Using the archetypal oxyfluoride, Li2MnO2F, we show that the oxygen redox process in such materials involves the formation of molecular O2 trapped in the bulk structure of the charged cathode, which is reduced on discharge. The molecular O2 is trapped rigidly within vacancy clusters and exhibits minimal mobility unlike free gaseous O2, making it more characteristic of a solid-like environment. The Mn redox process occurs between octahedral Mn3+ and Mn4+ with no evidence of tetrahedral Mn5+ or Mn7+. We furthermore derive the relationship between local coordination environment and redox potential; this gives rise to the observed overlap in Mn and O redox couples and reveals that the onset potential of oxide ion oxidation is determined by the degree of ionicity around oxygen, which extends models based on linear Li-O-Li configurations. This study advances our fundamental understanding of redox mechanisms in disordered rocksalt oxyfluorides, highlighting their promise as high capacity cathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Sharpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Robert A House
- Departments of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - Matt J Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Dominic Förstermann
- Departments of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K
| | - John-Joseph Marie
- Departments of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K
| | | | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Helen Y Playford
- STFC ISIS Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - Peter G Bruce
- Departments of Materials and Chemistry, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, U.K.,The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, U.K
| | - M Saiful Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K.,The Faraday Institution, Harwell Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, U.K
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24
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Zhou KJ, Matsuyama S, Strocov VN. hv 2-concept breaks the photon-count limit of RIXS instrumentation. J Synchrotron Radiat 2020; 27:1235-1239. [PMID: 32876598 PMCID: PMC7467335 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520008607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Upon progressive refinement of energy resolution, the conventional resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) instrumentation reaches the limit where the bandwidth of incident photons becomes insufficient to deliver an acceptable photon-count rate. Here it is shown that RIXS spectra as a function of energy loss are essentially invariant to their integration over incident energies within the core-hole lifetime. This fact permits RIXS instrumentation based on the hv2-concept to utilize incident synchrotron radiation over the whole core-hole lifetime window without any compromise on the much finer energy-loss resolution, thereby breaking the photon-count limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Satoshi Matsuyama
- Department of Precision Science and Technology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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25
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Hepting M, Li D, Jia CJ, Lu H, Paris E, Tseng Y, Feng X, Osada M, Been E, Hikita Y, Chuang YD, Hussain Z, Zhou KJ, Nag A, Garcia-Fernandez M, Rossi M, Huang HY, Huang DJ, Shen ZX, Schmitt T, Hwang HY, Moritz B, Zaanen J, Devereaux TP, Lee WS. Publisher Correction: Electronic structure of the parent compound of superconducting infinite-layer nickelates. Nat Mater 2020; 19:1036. [PMID: 32661388 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-0761-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hepting
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D Li
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - C J Jia
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - H Lu
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - E Paris
- Photon Science Division, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Y Tseng
- Photon Science Division, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - X Feng
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - M Osada
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - E Been
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Y Hikita
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Y-D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Z Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - K J Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - A Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | | | - M Rossi
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - H Y Huang
- NSRRC, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - D J Huang
- NSRRC, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Z X Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - T Schmitt
- Photon Science Division, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - H Y Hwang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - B Moritz
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - J Zaanen
- Instituut-Lorentz for theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - W S Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
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26
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Lin JQ, Miao H, Mazzone DG, Gu GD, Nag A, Walters AC, García-Fernández M, Barbour A, Pelliciari J, Jarrige I, Oda M, Kurosawa K, Momono N, Zhou KJ, Bisogni V, Liu X, Dean MPM. Strongly Correlated Charge Density Wave in La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} Evidenced by Doping-Dependent Phonon Anomaly. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:207005. [PMID: 32501068 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.207005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of charge-density-wave-related effects in the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectra of cuprates holds the tantalizing promise of clarifying the interactions that stabilize the electronic order. Here, we report a comprehensive resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} finding that charge-density wave effects persist up to a remarkably high doping level of x=0.21 before disappearing at x=0.25. The inelastic excitation spectra remain essentially unchanged with doping despite crossing a topological transition in the Fermi surface. This indicates that the spectra contain little or no direct coupling to electronic excitations near the Fermi surface, rather they are dominated by the resonant cross section for phonons and charge-density-wave-induced phonon softening. We interpret our results in terms of a charge-density wave that is generated by strong correlations and a phonon response that is driven by the charge-density-wave-induced modification of the lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Q Lin
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - H Miao
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D G Mazzone
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - A C Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - M García-Fernández
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - A Barbour
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Pelliciari
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I Jarrige
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Oda
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - K Kurosawa
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - N Momono
- Department of Sciences and Informatics, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - V Bisogni
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - M P M Dean
- Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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27
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Wang Q, Horio M, von Arx K, Shen Y, John Mukkattukavil D, Sassa Y, Ivashko O, Matt CE, Pyon S, Takayama T, Takagi H, Kurosawa T, Momono N, Oda M, Adachi T, Haidar SM, Koike Y, Tseng Y, Zhang W, Zhao J, Kummer K, Garcia-Fernandez M, Zhou KJ, Christensen NB, Rønnow HM, Schmitt T, Chang J. High-Temperature Charge-Stripe Correlations in La_{1.675}Eu_{0.2}Sr_{0.125}CuO_{4}. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:187002. [PMID: 32441965 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.187002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to investigate charge-stripe correlations in La_{1.675}Eu_{0.2}Sr_{0.125}CuO_{4}. By differentiating elastic from inelastic scattering, it is demonstrated that charge-stripe correlations precede both the structural low-temperature tetragonal phase and the transport-defined pseudogap onset. The scattering peak amplitude from charge stripes decays approximately as T^{-2} towards our detection limit. The in-plane integrated intensity, however, remains roughly temperature independent. Therefore, although the incommensurability shows a remarkably large increase at high temperature, our results are interpreted via a single scattering constituent. In fact, direct comparison to other stripe-ordered compounds (La_{1.875}Ba_{0.125}CuO_{4}, La_{1.475}Nd_{0.4}Sr_{0.125}CuO_{4}, and La_{1.875}Sr_{0.125}CuO_{4}) suggests a roughly constant integrated scattering intensity across all these compounds. Our results therefore provide a unifying picture for the charge-stripe ordering in La-based cuprates. As charge correlations in La_{1.675}Eu_{0.2}Sr_{0.125}CuO_{4} extend beyond the low-temperature tetragonal and pseudogap phase, their emergence heralds a spontaneous symmetry breaking in this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisi Wang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Horio
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K von Arx
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Y Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - D John Mukkattukavil
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Y Sassa
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - O Ivashko
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C E Matt
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
- Swiss Light Source, Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Pyon
- Department of Advanced Materials, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - T Takayama
- Department of Advanced Materials, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - H Takagi
- Department of Advanced Materials, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Japan
| | - T Kurosawa
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - N Momono
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Muroran Institute of Technology, Muroran 050-8585, Japan
| | - M Oda
- Department of Physics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - T Adachi
- Department of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Sophia University, Tokyo 102-8554, Japan
| | - S M Haidar
- Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Y Koike
- Department of Applied Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Y Tseng
- Swiss Light Source, Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - W Zhang
- Swiss Light Source, Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics and Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - K Kummer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - M Garcia-Fernandez
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - N B Christensen
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - H M Rønnow
- Institute of Physics, École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - T Schmitt
- Swiss Light Source, Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J Chang
- Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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28
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Hepting M, Li D, Jia CJ, Lu H, Paris E, Tseng Y, Feng X, Osada M, Been E, Hikita Y, Chuang YD, Hussain Z, Zhou KJ, Nag A, Garcia-Fernandez M, Rossi M, Huang HY, Huang DJ, Shen ZX, Schmitt T, Hwang HY, Moritz B, Zaanen J, Devereaux TP, Lee WS. Electronic structure of the parent compound of superconducting infinite-layer nickelates. Nat Mater 2020; 19:381-385. [PMID: 31959951 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The search continues for nickel oxide-based materials with electronic properties similar to cuprate high-temperature superconductors1-10. The recent discovery of superconductivity in the doped infinite-layer nickelate NdNiO2 (refs. 11,12) has strengthened these efforts. Here, we use X-ray spectroscopy and density functional theory to show that the electronic structure of LaNiO2 and NdNiO2, while similar to the cuprates, includes significant distinctions. Unlike cuprates, the rare-earth spacer layer in the infinite-layer nickelate supports a weakly interacting three-dimensional 5d metallic state, which hybridizes with a quasi-two-dimensional, strongly correlated state with [Formula: see text] symmetry in the NiO2 layers. Thus, the infinite-layer nickelate can be regarded as a sibling of the rare-earth intermetallics13-15, which are well known for heavy fermion behaviour, where the NiO2 correlated layers play an analogous role to the 4f states in rare-earth heavy fermion compounds. This Kondo- or Anderson-lattice-like 'oxide-intermetallic' replaces the Mott insulator as the reference state from which superconductivity emerges upon doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hepting
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D Li
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - C J Jia
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
| | - H Lu
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - E Paris
- Photon Science Division, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Y Tseng
- Photon Science Division, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - X Feng
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - M Osada
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - E Been
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Y Hikita
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - Y-D Chuang
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Z Hussain
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - K J Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - A Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | | | - M Rossi
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - H Y Huang
- NSRRC, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - D J Huang
- NSRRC, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Z X Shen
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Departments of Physics and Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - T Schmitt
- Photon Science Division, Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - H Y Hwang
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - B Moritz
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - J Zaanen
- Instituut-Lorentz for theoretical Physics, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - T P Devereaux
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - W S Lee
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
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29
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Nag A, Robarts HC, Wenzel F, Li J, Elnaggar H, Wang RP, Walters AC, García-Fernández M, de Groot FMF, Haverkort MW, Zhou KJ. Many-Body Physics of Single and Double Spin-Flip Excitations in NiO. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:067202. [PMID: 32109129 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.067202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Understanding many-body physics of elementary excitations has advanced our control over material properties. Here, we study spin-flip excitations in NiO using Ni L_{3}-edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) and present a strikingly different resonant energy behavior between single and double spin-flip excitations. Comparing our results with single-site full-multiplet ligand field theory calculations we find that the spectral weight of the double-magnon excitations originates primarily from the double spin-flip transition of the quadrupolar RIXS process within a single magnetic site. Quadrupolar spin-flip processes are among the least studied excitations, despite being important for multiferroic or spin-nematic materials due to their difficult detection. We identify intermediate state multiplets and intra-atomic core-valence exchange interactions as the key many-body factors determining the fate of such excitations. RIXS resonant energy dependence can act as a convincing proof of existence of nondipolar higher-ranked magnetic orders in systems for which, only theoretical predictions are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Nag
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - H C Robarts
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom
| | - F Wenzel
- Institute for theoretical physics, Heidelberg University, Philosophenweg 19, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J Li
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hebatalla Elnaggar
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ru-Pan Wang
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A C Walters
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | | | - F M F de Groot
- Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M W Haverkort
- Institute for theoretical physics, Heidelberg University, Philosophenweg 19, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
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30
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House RA, Maitra U, Pérez-Osorio MA, Lozano JG, Jin L, Somerville JW, Duda LC, Nag A, Walters A, Zhou KJ, Roberts MR, Bruce PG. Superstructure control of first-cycle voltage hysteresis in oxygen-redox cathodes. Nature 2019; 577:502-508. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1854-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Schlappa J, Kumar U, Zhou KJ, Singh S, Mourigal M, Strocov VN, Revcolevschi A, Patthey L, Rønnow HM, Johnston S, Schmitt T. Probing multi-spinon excitations outside of the two-spinon continuum in the antiferromagnetic spin chain cuprate Sr 2CuO 3. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5394. [PMID: 30568161 PMCID: PMC6300594 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) magnetic insulators have attracted significant interest as a platform for studying quasiparticle fractionalization, quantum criticality, and emergent phenomena. The spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with antiferromagnetic nearest neighbour interactions is an important reference system; its elementary magnetic excitations are spin-1/2 quasiparticles called spinons that are created in even numbers. However, while the excitation continuum associated with two-spinon states is routinely observed, the study of four-spinon and higher multi-spinon states is an open area of research. Here we show that four-spinon excitations can be accessed directly in Sr2CuO3 using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) in a region of phase space clearly separated from the two-spinon continuum. Our finding is made possible by the fundamental differences in the correlation function probed by RIXS in comparison to other probes. This advance holds promise as a tool in the search for novel quantum states and quantum spin liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schlappa
- European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany.
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
| | - U Kumar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - K J Zhou
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - S Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - M Mourigal
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - V N Strocov
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - A Revcolevschi
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, Université Paris-Sud 11, UMR 8182, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - L Patthey
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - H M Rønnow
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S Johnston
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
| | - T Schmitt
- Photon Science Division, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
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32
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Chen MM, Tan Y, Tang ZZ, Lin M, Zhou KJ, He WT, Yang YP, Wang J. [Study of epidemiological characteristics and viral sources of dengue fever outbreak in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 2014]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 37:1350-1355. [PMID: 27765124 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and viral sources of dengue fever outbreak in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) in 2014. Methods: A combined analysis of epidemiological characteristics and genetic characteristics were performed in this study. The time, population and area distributions of the cases were analyzed. Serum samples were collected from dengue fever cases to detect NS1 antigen by using commercial ELISA kits according to the guideline of the manufacture. RT-PCR assay was conducted to detect dengue virus in NS1 positive samples. Phylogenetic tree based on E gene sequence of dengue virus were further analyzed. Results: During September-December 2014, an outbreak of dengue fever caused by dengue virus type 1 and 2 occurred in Guangxi, a total of 854 cases were reported without death, including 712 laboratory confirmed cases and 142 clinical diagnosed cases, in which 79.63% (680/854) occurred during 22 September-21 October 2014. All the cases had typical dengue fever symptoms. Most cases occurred in Nanning and Wuzhou, in which 83.61% (714/854) were in age group 15-59 years; 46.60% (398/854) were staff or people engaged in commercial service. A total 526 serum samples were tested for dengue virus serotype by RT-PCR assay. Among 414 positive samples, 345 were positive for dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) and 69 were positive for dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2), no DENV-3 and DENV-4 were detected. The results of phylogenetic analysis of E gene sequence indicated that the sequences of 99.12%(113/114) of DENV-1 strains in Nanning in China shared 100.00% homology with the isolate (SG EHI D1/529Y13) from Singapore in 2013, which belonged to the genotype Ⅰ; All the DENV-2 isolates from Wuzhou shared 99.80% homology with the isolate (D14005) from Guangdong province, which belonged to genotype Cosmopolitan. Conclusions: The outbreak was caused by DENV-1 from Singapore and DENV-2 from Guangdong province in China. It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance and early warning for imported dengue fever, conduct vector control and improve the diagnosis of suspected dengue fever cases for the effective control of dengue fever outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Chen
- Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
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33
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Johnston S, Monney C, Bisogni V, Zhou KJ, Kraus R, Behr G, Strocov VN, Málek J, Drechsler SL, Geck J, Schmitt T, van den Brink J. Electron-lattice interactions strongly renormalize the charge-transfer energy in the spin-chain cuprate Li2CuO2. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10563. [PMID: 26884151 PMCID: PMC4757783 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Strongly correlated insulators are broadly divided into two classes: Mott-Hubbard insulators, where the insulating gap is driven by the Coulomb repulsion U on the transition-metal cation, and charge-transfer insulators, where the gap is driven by the charge-transfer energy Δ between the cation and the ligand anions. The relative magnitudes of U and Δ determine which class a material belongs to, and subsequently the nature of its low-energy excitations. These energy scales are typically understood through the local chemistry of the active ions. Here we show that the situation is more complex in the low-dimensional charge-transfer insulator Li2CuO2, where Δ has a large non-electronic component. Combining resonant inelastic X-ray scattering with detailed modelling, we determine how the elementary lattice, charge, spin and orbital excitations are entangled in this material. This results in a large lattice-driven renormalization of Δ, which significantly reshapes the fundamental electronic properties of Li2CuO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Johnston
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - Claude Monney
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Bisogni
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.,National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Ke-Jin Zhou
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Roberto Kraus
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Günter Behr
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vladimir N Strocov
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jiři Málek
- Institute of Physics, ASCR, Na Slovance 2, CZ-18221 Praha 8, Czech Republic
| | - Stefan-Ludwig Drechsler
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jochen Geck
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01171 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schmitt
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Jeroen van den Brink
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, IFW Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, D-01171 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Physics, TU Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
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34
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Lee WS, Johnston S, Moritz B, Lee J, Yi M, Zhou KJ, Schmitt T, Patthey L, Strocov V, Kudo K, Koike Y, van den Brink J, Devereaux TP, Shen ZX. Role of lattice coupling in establishing electronic and magnetic properties in quasi-one-dimensional cuprates. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:265502. [PMID: 23848894 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.265502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering has been performed to reveal the role of lattice coupling in a family of quasi-1D insulating cuprates, Ca2+5xY2-5xCu5O10. Site-dependent low-energy excitations arising from progressive emissions of a 70 meV lattice vibrational mode are resolved for the first time, providing a direct measurement of electron-lattice coupling strength. We show that such electron-lattice coupling causes doping-dependent distortions of the Cu-O-Cu bond angle, which sets the intrachain spin exchange interactions. Our results indicate that the lattice degrees of freedom are fully integrated into the electronic behavior in low-dimensional systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Lee
- SIMES, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
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35
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Dean MPM, James AJA, Springell RS, Liu X, Monney C, Zhou KJ, Konik RM, Wen JS, Xu ZJ, Gu GD, Strocov VN, Schmitt T, Hill JP. High-energy magnetic excitations in the cuprate superconductor Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+δ): towards a unified description of its electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:147001. [PMID: 25167025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.147001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the high-energy magnetic excitation spectrum of the high-T(c) cuprate superconductor Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+δ) (Bi-2212) using Cu L(3) edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Broad, dispersive magnetic excitations are observed, with a zone boundary energy of ∼ 300 meV and a weak dependence on doping. These excitations are strikingly similar to the bosons proposed to explain the high-energy "kink" observed in photoemission. A phenomenological calculation of the spin response, based on a parametrization of the the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy derived electronic structure and Yang-Rice-Zhang quasiparticles, provides a reasonable prediction of the energy dispersion of the observed magnetic excitations. These results indicate a possible unified framework to reconcile the magnetic and electronic properties of the cuprates and we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of such an approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P M Dean
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A J A James
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R S Springell
- Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 Research Fellow, Interface Analysis Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol BS2 8BS, United Kingdom and London Centre for Nanotechnology and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - X Liu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C Monney
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - K J Zhou
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - R M Konik
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J S Wen
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z J Xu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G D Gu
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V N Strocov
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - T Schmitt
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - J P Hill
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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36
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Monney C, Bisogni V, Zhou KJ, Kraus R, Strocov VN, Behr G, Málek J, Kuzian R, Drechsler SL, Johnston S, Revcolevschi A, Büchner B, Rønnow HM, van den Brink J, Geck J, Schmitt T. Determining the short-range spin correlations in the spin-chain Li2CuO2 and CuGeO3 compounds using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:087403. [PMID: 23473202 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.087403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a high-resolution resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering study of the quantum magnetic spin-chain materials Li(2)CuO(2) and CuGeO(3). By tuning the incoming photon energy to the oxygen K edge, a strong excitation around 3.5 eV energy loss is clearly resolved for both materials. Comparing the experimental data to many-body calculations, we identify this excitation as a Zhang-Rice singlet exciton on neighboring CuO(4) plaquettes. We demonstrate that the strong temperature dependence of the inelastic scattering related to this high-energy exciton enables us to probe short-range spin correlations on the 1 meV scale with outstanding sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Monney
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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37
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Dean MPM, Springell RS, Monney C, Zhou KJ, Pereiro J, Božović I, Dalla Piazza B, Rønnow HM, Morenzoni E, van den Brink J, Schmitt T, Hill JP. Spin excitations in a single La2CuO4 layer. Nat Mater 2012; 11:850-854. [PMID: 22941330 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cuprates and other high-temperature superconductors consist of two-dimensional layers that are crucial to their properties. The dynamics of the quantum spins in these layers lie at the heart of the mystery of the cuprates. In bulk cuprates such as La(2)CuO(4), the presence of a weak coupling between the two-dimensional layers stabilizes a three-dimensional magnetic order up to high temperatures. In a truly two-dimensional system however, thermal spin fluctuations melt long-range order at any finite temperature. Here, we measure the spin response of isolated layers of La(2)CuO(4) that are only one-unit-cell-thick. We show that coherent magnetic excitations, magnons, known from the bulk order, persist even in a single layer of La(2)CuO(4), with no evidence for more complex correlations such as resonating valence bond correlations. These magnons are, therefore, well described by spin-wave theory (SWT). On the other hand, we also observe a high-energy magnetic continuum in the isotropic magnetic response that is not well described by two-magnon SWT, or indeed any existing theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P M Dean
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
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38
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Monney C, Zhou KJ, Cercellier H, Vydrova Z, Garnier MG, Monney G, Strocov VN, Berger H, Beck H, Schmitt T, Aebi P. Mapping of electron-hole excitations in the charge-density-wave system 1T-TiSe2 using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:047401. [PMID: 23006106 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.047401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at the Ti L edge of the charge-density-wave system 1T-TiSe(2), we observe sharp low energy loss peaks from electron-hole pair excitations developing at low temperature. These excitations are strongly dispersing as a function of the transferred momentum of light. We show that the unoccupied bands close to the Fermi level can effectively be probed in this broadband material. Furthermore, we extract the order parameter of the charge-density-wave phase from temperature-dependent measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Monney
- Research Department Synchrotron Radiation and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland.
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39
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Zhang ZY, Oehler AEH, Resan B, Kurmulis S, Zhou KJ, Wang Q, Mangold M, Süedmeyer T, Keller U, Weingarten KJ, Hogg RA. 1.55 µm InAs/GaAs quantum dots and high repetition rate quantum dot SESAM mode-locked laser. Sci Rep 2012; 2:477. [PMID: 22745898 PMCID: PMC3384963 DOI: 10.1038/srep00477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High pulse repetition rate (≥10 GHz) diode-pumped solid-state lasers, modelocked using semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) are emerging as an enabling technology for high data rate coherent communication systems owing to their low noise and pulse-to-pulse optical phase-coherence. Quantum dot (QD) based SESAMs offer potential advantages to such laser systems in terms of reduced saturation fluence, broader bandwidth, and wavelength flexibility. Here, we describe the development of an epitaxial process for the realization of high optical quality 1.55 µm In(Ga)As QDs on GaAs substrates, their incorporation into a SESAM, and the realization of the first 10 GHz repetition rate QD-SESAM modelocked laser at 1.55 µm, exhibiting ∼2 ps pulse width from an Er-doped glass oscillator (ERGO). With a high areal dot density and strong light emission, this QD structure is a very promising candidate for many other applications, such as laser diodes, optical amplifiers, non-linear and photonic crystal based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Zhang
- EPSRC National Centre for III-V Technologies, Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom.
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40
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Glawion S, Heidler J, Haverkort MW, Duda LC, Schmitt T, Strocov VN, Monney C, Zhou KJ, Ruff A, Sing M, Claessen R. Two-spinon and orbital excitations of the spin-Peierls system TiOCl. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:107402. [PMID: 21981527 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.107402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We combine high-resolution resonant inelastic x-ray scattering with cluster calculations utilizing a recently derived effective magnetic scattering operator to analyze the polarization, excitation energy, and momentum-dependent excitation spectrum of the low-dimensional quantum magnet TiOCl in the range expected for orbital and magnetic excitations (0-2.5 eV). Ti 3d orbital excitations yield complete information on the temperature-dependent crystal-field splitting. In the spin-Peierls phase we observe a dispersive two-spinon excitation and estimate the inter- and intradimer magnetic exchange coupling from a comparison to cluster calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Glawion
- Experimentelle Physik 4, Universität Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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41
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Zhou KJ, Tezuka Y, Cui MQ, Zhao J, Liu XC, Chen ZZ, Wu ZY. The mechanism of Al donor defects in (Zn, Co)O:Al: a view from resonant x-ray spectroscopies. J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:495502. [PMID: 21836198 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/49/495502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of Al doping in Zn(0.94)Co(0.05)Al(0.01)O nano-powders from the electronic structure point of view by applying x-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering at the oxygen K- and Co L-edges. The intensity of the pre-edge structure of the O-K XAS spectra is enhanced following the introduction of the Al defect. Multiple scattering calculations demonstrate it can be accounted for by the gain of the hybridization strength between O 2p and Al 3p (and/or Co 3d) states. The consensus on the hybridization strength is reached by combining Co-L XAS and RIXS investigations and multiplet calculations. It reveals different spatial substitutions of Al doping can alter the number of shared oxygen atoms between the Co and Al tetrahedrons. These shared ligands are responsible for the Al 3p and Co 3d state hybridization strength as well as the ferromagnetism of the ground state. The magnetic difference is better understood to be governed by various shared oxygen atoms rather than the distance between the Al defect and Co impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Zhou
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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42
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Zhou KJ, Cui MQ, Hua W, Ma CY, Zhao YD, Huang YY, He W, Wu ZY. Dysprosium compounds studied by resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and high-resolution X-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2008; 71:516-522. [PMID: 18289927 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2007.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A set of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) studies focusing on the 2p64f(n)-->2p54f(n)5d1(2p54f(n+1)5d0)-->2p63d94f(n)5d1(2p63d94f(n+1)5d0) channel of dysprosium in Dy metal, Dy2O3, DyNi3 and Dy25Fe18 compounds have been carried out. Data showed with high statistics and resolution, the different delocalization degree of the 5d band of dysprosium in these compounds, e.g., decreasing from Dy metal to DyNi3, Dy25Fe18 and to dysprosium oxide, in agreement with the high-resolution XANES (HRXANES) spectra. Band structure calculations performed on Dy metal and Dy2O3 confirm both RIXS and HRXANES results in the increasing delocalization of the dysprosium 5d band in Dy metal with respect to Dy2O3. The 5d orbital occupancies of DyNi3 and Dy25Fe18 alloys have been also studied by comparison of the HRXANES white line (WL) area with the behavior of the final states energy position in RIXS spectra and we show that DyNi3 has a higher 5d orbital occupancy than Dy25Fe18.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Zhou
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing 100049, China
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43
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Abstract
Crotin II isolated from the seeds of Euphorbiacea Croton tiglium has been crystallized. Crystals were grown by vapor diffusion using KCl as the precipitant. The crystal of crotin II belongs to the space group P6(1) or P6(5) with cell parameters a = b = 94.62 A, c = 28.43 A, alpha = beta = 90 degrees, gamma = 120 degrees. The asymmetric unit contains one molecule of 15,000 Da. A data set to 1.82 A has been collected on an area detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Chen
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou
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44
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Pan KZ, Lin YJ, Zhou KJ, Fu ZJ, Chen MH, Huang DR, Huang DH. The crystal and molecular structure of trichosanthin at 2.6 A resolution. Sci China B 1993; 36:1069-1081. [PMID: 8274201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The crystallographic refinement of trichosanthin has been performed at 2.6 A resolution. The crystal and molecular structure of trichosanthin is described in detail in this paper. On summarizing the regularity of the amino acid sequences of eight kinds of ribosome inactivating proteins and combining with the crystal and molecular structure of trichosanthin, fifteen most conservative amino acid residues are analyzed. It is found that four most conservative polar amino acid residues Gln156, Glu160, Arg163 and Glu189 gather on the molecular surface on the boundary of the large and small domains, thus forming the active center of the protein molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Z Pan
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Academia Sinica, Fuzhou, PRC
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45
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Pan KZ, Fu ZJ, Lin YJ, Zhou KJ, Dodson E, Chen ZW, Ye XM. Crystallographic refinement of trichosanthin at 2.6A resolution. Sci China B 1992; 35:1203-13. [PMID: 1285847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The molecule model of trichosanthin has been rebuilt by using the electron density map improved by the solvent flatten and in accordance with the primary structure put forward by Collins. The crystallographic refinement of two trichosanthin molecules (3828 nonhydrogen atoms) in an asymmetric unit has been carried out by means of the restrain least-square procedure and diffraction data to a resolution of 2.6 A. The results are: an R factor 0.223 and the r.m.s. deviation of the bond length = 0.023 A. The new molecular model is in good agreement with the electron density map calculated with the coefficient 2Fo-Fc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Z Pan
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Academia Sinica, Fuzhou, PRC
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46
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Pan KZ, Lin YJ, Fu ZJ, Zhou KJ, Cai ZP, Chen ZW, Zhang YM, Dong YC, Wu S, Ma XQ. The three-dimensional structure of trichosanthin molecule. Sci Sin B 1987; 30:386-94. [PMID: 3659895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A model completed recently of two trichosanthin molecules in an asymmetric unit belonging to the monoclinic system is reported. It can be seen that the molecular structure consists of two domains, one large and one small, and that there are some features in the secondary structure. The dissimilarity between two molecules as well as their interactions in an independent unit correlated in a non-symmetric way has been described, moreover, the binding sites of the heavyatom position in the derivatives are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Z Pan
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Academia Sinica, Fuzhou
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