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Mizuguchi D, Yamamoto T, Omiya Y, Endo K, Tano K, Oya M, Takano S. Novel Screening Tool Using Non-linguistic Voice Features Derived from Simple Phrases to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. JAR Life 2023; 12:72-76. [PMID: 37637273 PMCID: PMC10450207 DOI: 10.14283/jarlife.2023.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate intervention and care in detecting cognitive impairment early are essential to effectively prevent the progression of cognitive deterioration. Diagnostic voice analysis is a noninvasive and inexpensive screening method that could be useful for detecting cognitive deterioration at earlier stages such as mild cognitive impairment. We aimed to distinguish between patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls by using purely acoustic features (i.e., nonlinguistic features) extracted from two simple phrases. Voice was analyzed on 195 recordings from 150 patients (age, 45-95 years). We applied a machine learning algorithm (LightGBM; Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) to test whether the healthy control, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia groups could be accurately classified, based on acoustic features. Our algorithm performed well: area under the curve was 0.81 and accuracy, 66.7% for the 3-class classification. Thus, our vocal biomarker is useful for automated assistance in diagnosing early cognitive deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - K Endo
- PST Inc., Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Tano
- Takeyama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Oya
- Takeyama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - S Takano
- Honjo Kodama Hospital, Honjo, Japan
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2
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Musk GC, Kershaw H, Tano K, Niklasson A, von Unge M, Dilley RJ. Reactions to Gudair® vaccination identified in sheep used for biomedical research. Aust Vet J 2019; 97:56-60. [DOI: 10.1111/avj.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GC Musk
- Animal Care Services; The University of Western Australia; M720, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia
| | - H Kershaw
- Animal Care Services; The University of Western Australia; M720, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley 6009 Western Australia Australia
| | - K Tano
- Department of Clinical Science, Otorhinolaryngology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - A Niklasson
- Department of Clinical Science, Otorhinolaryngology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - M von Unge
- Department of Clinical Medicine; Division of Surgery, University of Oslo; Oslo Norway
- Akershus University Hospital; Lorenskog Norway
| | - RJ Dilley
- Ear Sciences Centre; School of Medicine, the University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
- Ear Science Institute Australia; Subiaco WA Australia
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3
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Yasuda S, Kusakawa S, Kuroda T, Miura T, Tano K, Takada N, Matsuyama S, Matsuyama A, Nasu M, Umezawa A, Hayakawa T, Tsutsumi H, Sato Y. Tumorigenicity-associated characteristics of human iPS cell lines. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205022. [PMID: 30286143 PMCID: PMC6171902 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent promising raw materials of human cell-based therapeutic products (hCTPs). As undifferentiated hiPSCs exhibit intrinsic tumorigenicity properties that enable them to form teratomas, hCTPs containing residual undifferentiated hiPSCs may cause tumor formation following transplantation. We first established quantitative and sensitive tumorigenicity testing of hiPSCs dissociated into single cells using NOD/Shi-scid IL2Rγnull (NOG) mice by inhibiting apoptosis of hiPSCs with a Rho kinase inhibitor. To examine different features in tumorigenicity of various hiPSCs, 10 commonly available hiPSC lines were subjected to in vivo tumorigenicity testing. Transplanted hiPSC lines showed remarkable variation in tumor incidence, formation latency, and volumes. Most of the tumors formed were classified as immature teratomas. However, no signs of malignancies, such as carcinoma and sarcoma, were recognized in the tumors. Characteristics associated tumorigenicity of hiPSCs were investigated with microarray analysis, karyotype analysis, and whole exome sequencing. Gene expression profiling and pathway analysis supported different features of hiPSC lines in tumorigenicity. hiPSC lines showed chromosomal abnormalities in some lines and 61-77 variants of cancer-related genes carrying effective nonsynonymous mutations, which were confirmed in the COSMIC databases. In this study, the chromosomal abnormalities and cancer-related gene mutations observed in hiPSC lines did not lead to the malignancy of tumors derived from hiPSCs. Our results suggest that the potential tumorigenicity risk of hCTPs containing residual undifferentiated hiPSCs is dependent on not only amounts of undifferentiated hiPSCs but also features of the cell lines used as raw materials, a finding that should be considered from the perspective of quality of hCTPs used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yasuda
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shinji Kusakawa
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takuya Kuroda
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Takumi Miura
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Keiko Tano
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Nozomi Takada
- Center for Rare Disease Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsuyama
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
- Center for Rare Disease Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akifumi Matsuyama
- Center for Rare Disease Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiyo Nasu
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Hayakawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yoji Sato
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
- Department of Quality Assurance Science for Pharmaceuticals, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Translational Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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4
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Tano K, Onoguchi-Mizutani R, Yeasmin F, Uchiumi F, Suzuki Y, Yada T, Akimitsu N. Identification of Minimal p53 Promoter Region Regulated by MALAT1 in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Front Genet 2018; 8:208. [PMID: 29632545 PMCID: PMC5879451 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The MALAT1 long noncoding RNA is strongly linked to cancer progression. Here we report a MALAT1 function in repressing the promoter of p53 (TP53) tumor suppressor gene. p21 and FAS, well-known p53 targets, were upregulated by MALAT1 knockdown in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. We found that these upregulations were mediated by transcriptional activation of p53 through MALAT1 depletion. In addition, we identified a minimal MALAT1-responsive region in the P1 promoter of p53 gene. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that MALAT1-depleted cells exhibited G1 cell cycle arrest. These results suggest that MALAT1 affects the expression of p53 target genes through repressing p53 promoter activity, leading to influence the cell cycle progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tano
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Fouzia Yeasmin
- Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Uchiumi
- Department of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda-shi, Chiba-ken, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Yada
- Department of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Kitakyushu, Japan
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5
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Masunaga S, Tano K, Sanada Y, Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Suzuki M, Maruhashi A, Ono K. Radiosensitivity and Capacity to Recover from Radiation-Induced Damage in Pimonidazole-Unlabeled Oxygenated Intratumor Quiescent Cells Depend on p53 Status of Tumor Cells. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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6
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Masunaga S, Tano K, Sanada Y, Sakurai Y, Tanaka H, Suzuki M, Kondo N, Narabayashi M, Watanabe T, Nakagawa Y, Maruhashi A, Ono K. The effect of fractionated administration of thalidomide at γ-ray irradiation on tumor response and lung metastasis. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)30148-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kuroda T, Yasuda S, Matsuyama S, Tano K, Kusakawa S, Sawa Y, Kawamata S, Sato Y. Highly sensitive droplet digital PCR method for detection of residual undifferentiated cells in cardiomyocytes derived from human pluripotent stem cells. Regen Ther 2015; 2:17-23. [PMID: 31245455 PMCID: PMC6581767 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), such as human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), are leading candidate cells as raw materials for cell therapy products, because of their capacity for pluripotent differentiation and unlimited self-renewal. hPSC-derived products have already entered the scope of clinical application. However, the assessment and control of their tumorigenicity remains to be a critical challenge. Sensitive detection of the pluripotent cellular impurities is necessary for the safety and quality control of the hPSC-derived products. In the present study, we established a sensitive assay for detection of the residual undifferentiated hiPSCs in cardiomyocytes, using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR). The ddPCR method with a probe and primers for LIN28 significantly detected as low as 0.001% undifferentiated hiPSCs in primary cardiomyocytes, which is equivalent to the ratio of a single hiPSC to 1 × 105 cardiomyocytes. The ddPCR also showed that LIN28 expression is extremely low in human tissues including liver, heart, pancreas, kidney, spinal cord, corneal epithelium and lung. These results suggest that the ddPCR method targeting LIN28 transcripts is highly sensitive and useful for the quality assessment of various cell therapy products derived from hPSCs. A highly sensitive in vitro assay for detection of residual undifferentiated hiPSCs in hiPSC-derived cell therapy products. LIN28 mRNA is highly sensitive marker of residual undifferentiated hiPSCs in hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. The ddPCR assay using LIN28 as a target is able to detect 0.001% undifferentiated hiPSCs in primary cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kuroda
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsuyama
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Tano
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Kusakawa
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Kawamata
- Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoji Sato
- Division of Cell-Based Therapeutic Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.,Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan.,Department of Quality Assurance Science for Pharmaceuticals, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Translational Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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8
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Sakai T, Koyanagi M, Nakae N, Notani M, Tano K, Kimura Y, Sanada Y, Kato S, Hirozane N. Muscle activity during knee extension training in the prone position putting the fulcrum in the distal leg in osteoarthritis patients. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Tano K, Yasuda S, Kuroda T, Saito H, Umezawa A, Sato Y. A novel in vitro method for detecting undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells as impurities in cell therapy products using a highly efficient culture system. PLoS One 2014; 9:e110496. [PMID: 25347300 PMCID: PMC4210199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovative applications of cell therapy products (CTPs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in regenerative medicine are currently being developed. The presence of residual undifferentiated hPSCs in CTPs is a quality concern associated with tumorigencity. However, no simple in vitro method for direct detection of undifferentiated hPSCs that contaminate CTPs has been developed. Here, we show a novel approach for direct and sensitive detection of a trace amount of undifferentiated human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) using a highly efficient amplification method in combination with laminin-521 and Essential 8 medium. Essential 8 medium better facilitated the growth of hiPSCs dissociated into single cells on laminin-521 than in mTeSR1 medium. hiPSCs cultured on laminin-521 in Essential 8 medium were maintained in an undifferentiated state and they maintained the ability to differentiate into various cell types. Essential 8 medium allowed robust hiPSC proliferation plated on laminin-521 at low cell density, whereas mTeSR1 did not enhance the cell growth. The highly efficient culture system using laminin-521 and Essential 8 medium detected hiPSCs spiked into primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) or human neurons at the ratio of 0.001%–0.01% as formed colonies. Moreover, this assay method was demonstrated to detect residual undifferentiated hiPSCs in cell preparations during the process of hMSC differentiation from hiPSCs. These results indicate that our highly efficient amplification system using a combination of laminin-521 and Essential 8 medium is able to detect a trace amount of undifferentiated hPSCs contained as impurities in CTPs and would contribute to quality assessment of hPSC-derived CTPs during the manufacturing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tano
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Division of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuya Kuroda
- Division of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Umezawa
- Department of Reproductive Biology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoji Sato
- Division of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Quality Assurance Science for Pharmaceuticals, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Cellular & Gene Therapy Products, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Translational Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduated School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- * E-mail:
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10
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Masunaga S, Sakurai Y, Tano K, Tanaka H, Suzuki M, Kondo N, Narabayashi M, Watanabe T, Nakagawa Y, Maruhashi A, Ono K. Significance of Administering Bevacizumab Combined With Boron Neutron Capture Therapy in Terms of Local Tumor Control and Lung Metastatic Potential. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Tano K, Yasuda S, Umezawa A, Sato Y. A highly efficient culture method for growth and detection of undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells present as impurities in cell-processed therapeutic products. Cytotherapy 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Kashino G, Tamari Y, Kumagai J, Tano K, Watanabe M. Suppressive effect of ascorbic acid on the mutagenesis induced by the bystander effect through mitochondrial function. Free Radic Res 2013; 47:474-9. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.791025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Abstract
Recent large-scale transcriptome analyses have revealed that transcription is spread throughout the mammalian genomes, yielding large numbers of transcripts, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with little or no protein-coding capacity. Dozens of lncRNAs have been identified as biologically significant. In many cases, lncRNAs act as key molecules in the regulation of processes such as chromatin remodeling, transcription, and post-transcriptional processing. Several lncRNAs (e.g., MALAT1, HOTAIR, and ANRIL) are associated with human diseases, including cancer. Those lncRNAs associated with cancer are often aberrantly expressed. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate cancer development are unclear, recent studies have revealed that such aberrant expression of lncRNAs affects the progression of cancers. In this review, we highlight recent findings regarding the roles of lncRNAs in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tano
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Mizutani R, Wakamatsu A, Tanaka N, Yoshida H, Tochigi N, Suzuki Y, Oonishi T, Tani H, Tano K, Ijiri K, Isogai T, Akimitsu N. Identification and characterization of novel genotoxic stress-inducible nuclear long noncoding RNAs in mammalian cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34949. [PMID: 22532836 PMCID: PMC3330809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole transcriptome analyses have revealed a large number of novel transcripts including long and short noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Currently, there is great interest in characterizing the functions of the different classes of ncRNAs and their relevance to cellular processes. In particular, nuclear long ncRNAs may be involved in controlling various aspects of biological regulation, such as stress responses. By a combination of bioinformatic and experimental approaches, we identified 25 novel nuclear long ncRNAs from 6,088,565 full-length human cDNA sequences. Some nuclear long ncRNAs were conserved among vertebrates, whereas others were found only among primates. Expression profiling of the nuclear long ncRNAs in human tissues revealed that most were expressed ubiquitously. A subset of the identified nuclear long ncRNAs was induced by the genotoxic agents mitomycin C or doxorubicin, in HeLa Tet-off cells. There were no commonly altered nuclear long ncRNAs between mitomycin C- and doxorubicin-treated cells. These results suggest that distinct sets of nuclear long ncRNAs play roles in cellular defense mechanisms against specific genotoxic agents, and that particular long ncRNAs have the potential to be surrogate indicators of a specific cell stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena Mizutani
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ai Wakamatsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hidenori Tani
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Tano
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ijiri
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Isogai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Miyagawa R, Tano K, Mizuno R, Nakamura Y, Ijiri K, Rakwal R, Shibato J, Masuo Y, Mayeda A, Hirose T, Akimitsu N. Identification of cis- and trans-acting factors involved in the localization of MALAT-1 noncoding RNA to nuclear speckles. RNA 2012; 18:738-51. [PMID: 22355166 PMCID: PMC3312561 DOI: 10.1261/rna.028639.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
MALAT-1 noncoding RNA is localized to nuclear speckles despite its mRNA-like characteristics. Here, we report the identification of several key factors that promote the localization of MALAT-1 to nuclear speckles and also provide evidence that MALAT-1 is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Heterokaryon assays revealed that MALAT-1 does not shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm. RNAi-mediated repression of the nuclear speckle proteins, RNPS1, SRm160, or IBP160, which are well-known mRNA processing factors, resulted in the diffusion of MALAT-1 to the nucleoplasm. We demonstrated that MALAT-1 contains two distinct elements directing transcripts to nuclear speckles, which were also capable of binding to RNPS1 in vitro. Depletion of MALAT-1 represses the expression of several genes. Taken together, our results suggest that RNPS1, SRm160, and IBP160 contribute to the localization of MALAT-1 to nuclear speckles, where MALAT-1 could be involved in regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryu Miyagawa
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Keiko Tano
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Rie Mizuno
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Yo Nakamura
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ijiri
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Health Technology Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) West, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Junko Shibato
- Health Technology Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) West, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Masuo
- Health Technology Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) West, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan
| | - Akila Mayeda
- Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science (ICMS), Fujita Health University, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Hirose
- Functional RNomics Team, Biomedicinal Information Research Center, AIST, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Akimitsu
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
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16
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Tani H, Mizutani R, Salam KA, Tano K, Ijiri K, Wakamatsu A, Isogai T, Suzuki Y, Akimitsu N. Genome-wide determination of RNA stability reveals hundreds of short-lived noncoding transcripts in mammals. Genome Res 2012; 22:947-56. [PMID: 22369889 PMCID: PMC3337439 DOI: 10.1101/gr.130559.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian genomes produce huge numbers of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). However, the functions of most ncRNAs are unclear, and novel techniques that can distinguish functional ncRNAs are needed. Studies of mRNAs have revealed that the half-life of each mRNA is closely related to its physiological function, raising the possibility that the RNA stability of an ncRNA reflects its function. In this study, we first determined the half-lives of 11,052 mRNAs and 1418 ncRNAs in HeLa Tet-off (TO) cells by developing a novel genome-wide method, which we named 5′-bromo-uridine immunoprecipitation chase–deep sequencing analysis (BRIC-seq). This method involved pulse-labeling endogenous RNAs with 5′-bromo-uridine and measuring the ongoing decrease in RNA levels over time using multifaceted deep sequencing. By analyzing the relationship between RNA half-lives and functional categories, we found that RNAs with a long half-life (t1/2 ≥ 4 h) contained a significant proportion of ncRNAs, as well as mRNAs involved in housekeeping functions, whereas RNAs with a short half-life (t1/2 < 4 h) included known regulatory ncRNAs and regulatory mRNAs. The stabilities of a significant set of short-lived ncRNAs are regulated by external stimuli, such as retinoic acid treatment. In particular, we identified and characterized several novel long ncRNAs involved in cell proliferation from the group of short-lived ncRNAs. We designated this novel class of ncRNAs with a short half-life as Short-Lived noncoding Transcripts (SLiTs). We propose that the strategy of monitoring RNA half-life will provide a powerful tool for investigating hitherto functionally uncharacterized regulatory RNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Tani
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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17
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Tano K, Mizuno R, Okada T, Rakwal R, Shibato J, Masuo Y, Ijiri K, Akimitsu N. MALAT-1 enhances cell motility of lung adenocarcinoma cells by influencing the expression of motility-related genes. FEBS Lett 2010; 584:4575-80. [PMID: 20937273 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2010.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 09/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
MALAT-1, a long non-coding RNA, is associated with metastasis, but its role in the metastatic process remains unknown. Here, we show that short-interfering RNA-mediated MALAT-1 silencing impaired in vitro cell motility of lung cancer cells and influenced the expression of numerous genes. In these genes, knockdown of any one of CTHRC1, CCT4, HMMR, or ROD1 clearly inhibited cell migration. In MALAT-1 knockdown cells, pre-mRNA levels were decreased in some but not all genes. Thus, our findings suggest that MALAT-1 is a novel class of non-coding RNA that promotes cell motility through transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of motility related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Tano
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Japan
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Tano K, Hamamoto H, Ito T, Sumiya E, Rakwal R, Shibato J, Masuo Y, Ijiri K, Sekimizu K, Akimitsu N. Reduced expression of Sytl 1 and Ccdc21 and impaired induction of Mt I by oxidative stress in SII-K1 knockout mice. Drug Discov Ther 2010; 4:368-372. [PMID: 22491241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
SII-K1 is a member of the transcription elongation factor S-II family. In the mouse, SII-K1 is expressed exclusively in the liver, kidney, heart, and skeletal muscle. Here, we report that deletion of the SII-K1 gene in mice resulted in the downregulation of the synaptotagmin-like 1 (Sytl 1) gene in liver and of the coiled-coil domain-containing 21 (Ccdc21) gene in liver and kidney. Moreover, the induction of the metallothionein I (Mt I) gene in SII-K1-deficient mice liver was impaired in diethyl maleate-induced oxidative stress conditions. Our results suggest that SII-K1 regulates these genes in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Tano K, Ichikawa Y, Kinoshita H. [Thoracic aortic rupture resulting from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection: report of a case]. Kyobu Geka 2009; 62:1166-1169. [PMID: 19999096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a successful surgical treatment of an aortic arch rupture caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in a 72 years old man who had back pain and hemoptysis as symptoms. Computed tomography showed enlargement of the aortic arch within just 4 days. We diagnosed the state of impending rupture of inflammatory aneurysm and performed emergent operation. The upper lobe of the left lung adhered firmly to the site of rupture and sealed as the barrier to prevent bleeding. The aorta was replaced with a dacron graft in situ after entire resection of infected tissue and sufficient irrigation of the pleural cavity. The patient was treated with vancomycin and minocyclin for MRSA infection. The postoperative course of the patient was uneventful. This suggests that an early operation and a proper use of antibiotics lead to a successful clinical result in patient with infectious aortic rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Society Kochi Hospital, Kochi, Japan
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Tano K, Ichikawa Y, Kinoshita H. [Use of multidetector-row computed tomography in a patient with completely obstructed left anterior descending artery]. Kyobu Geka 2009; 62:802-806. [PMID: 19670783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) is a useful diagnostic procedure prior to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) as it visualizes the coronary artery less invasively, with higher negative predictive value and lower cost compared with standard coronary angiography (CAG). We recently experienced a case in which the left anterior descending artery (LAD) occlusion prevented CAG evaluation of peripheral vascular status and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or CABG could not be indicated by CAG, whereas MDCT demonstrated a patency of the peripheral LAD. An off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery was performed based on the MDCT findings, and the intraoperative findings were essentially consistent with the MDCT findings. Our experience in this case suggests that the indication for CABG may be accurately judged by using high-resolution MDCT in cases in which CABG graftability may not be judged by CAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kochi Hospital, Kochi, Japan
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Tano K, Nagata M, Akimitsu N. S-II mediated gene regulation. Drug Discov Ther 2008; 2:136-139. [PMID: 22504566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
S-II, also designated as TFIIS, was the first identified transcription elongation factor and is widely found in eukaryotes. Among known elongation factors, S-II has a characteristic biochemical activity: it facilitates the elongation process by allowing RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) to read through transcriptional blocks in vitro. While the biochemical and molecular mechanism of stimulating elongation in vitro has been shown in detail, the in vivo role of S-II long remained unclear. Recent research has revealed that S-II has a crucial role in the activation of expression of a set of genes in vivo. In this review, we summarize recent studies focusing on the regulation of gene expression by S-II and discuss the biological functions of S-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Radioisotope Center, the University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Horike K, Tano K, Kitaichi T, Ogawa Y, Yoshizumi M, Kato I, Hori T, Kitagawa T. [Infant case and adult case of scimitar syndrome with lung sequestration]. Kyobu Geka 2003; 56:851-5. [PMID: 13677921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
We present 2 cases of Scimitar syndrome with lung sequestration, 1 of which is infant case and the other is adult. A 3-month-old baby was transferred to our hospital because of severe heart failure. Cardiac ultrasonography and angiography revealed atrial septal defect and lung sequestration. Because of critical condition, she underwent emergency operation. After the operation of abnormal lung resection, her general condition improved. We emphasize that the prognosis is influenced by operation timing. A 20-year-old female was admitted for atrial septal defect. We diagnosed Scimitar syndrome and lung sequestration as the result of close examinations. We carried out definitive operations of the closure of atrial septal defect, the correction of partially anomalous pulmonary venous return and the resection of malformed lung. This adult case is popular one of Scimitar syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Horike
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tokushima University School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
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Shimada Y, Nishimura M, Kakinuma S, Ogiu T, Fujimoto H, Kubo A, Nagai J, Kobayash K, Tano K, Yoshinaga S, Bhakat KK. Genetic susceptibility to thymic lymphomas and K-ras gene mutation in mice after exposure to X-rays and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea. Int J Radiat Biol 2003; 79:423-30. [PMID: 12963544 DOI: 10.1080/0955300031000139371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ras activation is one of the major mechanisms for the development of murine thymic lymphomas by radiation and chemical carcinogens. To gain insight into the relationship between genetic susceptibility and ras gene mutation, the frequency and spectrum of ras gene mutation was examined in thymic lymphomas from susceptible and resistant mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS K- and N-ras mutations in thymic lymphomas that arose in X-ray-irradiated and N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-treated mice of susceptible C57BL/6, rather resistant C3H and their hybrid B6C3F1 were analysed by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism and subsequent DNA sequencing. RESULTS C57BL/6 exhibited a higher incidence of thymic lymphomas after exposure to X-rays and ENU than C3H, with B6C3F1 being intermediate. K-ras gene mutations occurred frequently in the pathogenesis of ENU-induced thymic lymphomas in susceptible C57BL/6 as opposed to resistant C3H. The ras mutations were more frequent in ENU-induced thymic lymphomas than X-ray-induced thymic lymphomas, and with the latter, there was no clear evidence for strain differences, suggesting that the genetic susceptibility to X-rays was independent of ras activation. The mutations of K-ras in thymic lymphomas from C57BL/6 were predominantly GGT to GAT in codon 12, whereas this mutation type was never found in those from C3H. No strain difference was observed in the nucleotide sequence or expression levels of O(6)-alkylguanine alkyltransferase, indicating that this enzyme did not account for the genetic susceptibility to ras activation. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that there is a clear strain and carcinogen dependency of K-ras mutation and that the frequency of ras mutation might determine the genetic susceptibility to ENU-induced lymphomagenesis, whereas pathways independent of ras activation might determine the susceptibility to X-ray-induced lymphomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shimada
- Low Dose Radiation Effect Project, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan.
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Tano K, Iwamatsu Y, Yasuhira S, Utsumi H, Takimoto K. Increased base change mutations at G:C pairs in Escherichia coli deficient in endonuclease III and VIII. J Radiat Res 2001; 42:409-413. [PMID: 11951664 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.42.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Various types of mutation induced by oxidative DNA damage, induced by hydrogen peroxide and riboflavin photosensitization, were determined in Escherichia coli (E. coli) mutants deficient in endonuclease III (endo III) and endonuclease VIII (endo VIII). The majority of hydrogen peroxide-induced and spontaneous mutations consisted of G:C to A:T and to T:A base changes, shown on the mutation assay system by a reversion at a specific site of the lacZ gene. Base changes were also localized at G:C pairs in the mutation of the supF gene, induced by riboflavin photosensitization, which specifically yields 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG). G:C to T:A and to C:G transversions dominated in both mutants. These results suggest that endo III and endo VIII are involved in the repair of oxidative lesions of guanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Noda, Kumatori, Sennan-gun, Osaka 590-0454, Japan.
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Tano L, Tano K, Hellström S. [Check ups after acute otitis media should be revised. What are we looking for and why?]. Lakartidningen 2001; 98:4997-9. [PMID: 11816903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The latest Swedish consensus conference (May 2000) on treatment of acute otitis media (AOM) states that a check-up should be made three months after an episode of AOM. In order to find out how these recommendations are implemented 36 general practitioners were asked about their management of AOM check-ups. Almost all GPs checked children below 5 years of age by otoscopy but only 66 percent checked the mobility of the tympanic membrane. The follow-up procedure varied considerably. In a study of 129 ears (99 children) three months after an episode of AOM the diagnostic accuracy of pneumatic otoscopy, tympanometry and audiometry performed at a health care center was studied. The tympanometry performed by a nursing assistant had a very high sensitivity (93 percent) regarding secretory otitis media and could be used as a check-up after AOM. Thus there seems to be no need for the GP to examine ears where tympanometry is normal, but concentrate on the cases with pathologic tympanometry.
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Morishita S, Fujinaga H, Nakayama T, Kujime S, Uehara K, Kimura M, Chikamori K, Izumi S, Nishimura T, Tano K. A case of papillary muscle rupture caused by acute myocardial infarction. J Med 2001; 32:301-9. [PMID: 11958276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
A 63-year-old female was admitted because of cardiogenic shock due to complete rupture of the posterior papillary muscle. The diagnosis was made by echocardiography. She was treated successfully by an emergency replacement of the mitral valve. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment are mandatory and life-saving in the case of complete papillary muscle rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Morishita
- Internal Medicine, Kochi Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
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Tano K, Grahn-Håkansson E, Holm SE, Hellström S. Inhibition of OM pathogens by alpha-hemolytic streptococci from healthy children, children with SOM and children with rAOM. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2000; 56:185-90. [PMID: 11137592 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(00)00428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to elucidate the inhibitory activity of the normal nasopharyngeal flora against the three most common otitis media (OM) pathogens in healthy children, children with secretory otitis media (SOM) and children with recurrent otitis media (rAOM). Isolates of alpha-hemolytic streptococci (AHS) and OM pathogens were recovered from the tubal orifice in each child. The samples were taken from 20 healthy children under general anesthesia, from 19 children with SOM and 20 children with rAOM. The method used to test the bacterial interference in vitro was a modified agar overlay method. The AHS sampled from the tubal orifice of the healthy children were able to inhibit 92% of the S. peumoniae isolates, 74% of the non-typable H. influenzae isolates and 89% of the M. catarrhalis isolates. The corresponding figures for children with SOM and children with rAOM were: 73% of the S. pneumoniae isolates, 58 and 54% of the non-typable H. influenzae isolates and 86 and 89% of the M. catarrhalis isolates. The AHS from children with SOM and children with rAOM were significantly less capable of inhibiting the S. peumoniae and the H. influenzae isolates (P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the three groups of children regarding inhibitory activity against M. catarrhalis. The results suggest that the inhibitory activity of the normal bacterial flora at the tubal orifice against pneumococci and H. influenzae may be reduced in children with SOM and rAOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Otorhinolaryngology, Umeâ University and ENT Department, Sunderby Hospital, S-971 80, Luleå, Sweden.
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Wada A, Nomoto Y, Tano K, Yamashita E, Ito M. Synthesis of 9Z-9-substituted retinoic acids by palladium catalyzed coupling reaction of a vinyl triflate with alkenyl stannanes. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2000; 48:1391-4. [PMID: 10993249 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.48.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Palladium catalyzed cross coupling reactions of a vinyl triflate intermediate and various alkenyl stannanes afforded trisubstituted Z-olefins stereoselectively in high yields. These olefins were then converted to the corresponding 9Z-retinoic acids via Horner-Emmons reaction and subsequent basic hydrolysis in excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wada
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada, Japan.
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Asaeda A, Ide H, Asagoshi K, Matsuyama S, Tano K, Murakami A, Takamori Y, Kubo K. Substrate specificity of human methylpurine DNA N-glycosylase. Biochemistry 2000; 39:1959-65. [PMID: 10684645 DOI: 10.1021/bi9917075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The activity of human methylpurine DNA N-glycosylase (hMPG) for major substrates was directly compared using two types of substrates, i.e., natural DNA and synthetic oligonucleotides. By the use of ARP assay detecting abasic sites in DNA, we first investigated the activity on the natural DNA substrates containing methylpurines, ethenopurines, or hypoxanthine (Hx) prepared by the conventional methods. After the treatment with hMPG, the amount of AP sites in methylated DNA was much higher than that in DNA containing ethenopurines or Hx. The oligodeoxynucleotide having a single 7-methylguanine (7-mG) was newly synthesized in addition to 1, N(6)-ethenoadenine (epsilonA)-, Hx-, and 8-oxoguanine-containing oligonucleotides. 7-mG was effectively excised by hMPG, though it might be less toxic than the other methylated bases with respect to mutagenesis and cell killing. The kinetic study demonstrated that k(cat)/K(m) ratios of the enzyme for epsilonA, Hx, and 7-mG were 2.5 x 10(-3), 1.4 x 10(-3), and 4 x 10(-4) min(-1) nM(-1), respectively. The oligonucleotides containing epsilonA effectively competed against 7-mG, while Hx substrates showed unexpectedly low competition. Concerning the effect of the base opposite damage, hMPG much preferred Hx.T to other Hx pairs, and epsilonA.C and epsilonA.A pairs were better substrates than epsilonA.T.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asaeda
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Tano K, Arul J, Doyon G, Castaigne F. Atmospheric Composition and Quality of Fresh Mushrooms in Modified Atmosphere Packages As Affected by Storage Temperature Abuse. J Food Sci 1999. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1999.tb12285.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Takimoto K, Tano K, Hashimoto M, Hori M, Akasaka S, Utsumi H. Delayed transfection of DNA after riboflavin mediated photosensitization increases G:C to C:G transversions of supF gene in Escherichia coli mutY strain. Mutat Res 1999; 445:93-8. [PMID: 10521694 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(99)00138-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that the majority of base substitution mutations of the Escherichia coli supF gene induced by riboflavin mediated photosensitization were G:C to C:G changes, in addition to G:C to T:A changes which were probably caused by 8-hydroxyguanine (oh(8)Gua), in wild type and mutM mutator mutant strains. This implies that lesions other than oh(8)Gua are produced by riboflavin-photosensitization. G:C to C:G base substitutions have been found in the mutations induced by ionizing radiation and reactive oxygen species, as well as spontaneous mutation. To characterize the G:C to C:G mutation, riboflavin- photosensitized plasmid DNA carrying the supF gene was left at room temperature for 5 h in the dark before transfection. The delayed transfection gave a mutational spectrum different from that for immediate transfection. G:C to C:G transversions significantly increased in mutY mutator strain, in which the transversion was not detected in the immediate transfection. Lesions causing G:C to C:G changes increased during 5-h holding after photosensitization and MutY protein presumably takes part in this type of base change mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takimoto
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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Tano K, Olofsson C, Grahn-Håkansson E, Holm SE. In vitro inhibition of S. pneumoniae, nontypable H. influenzae and M. catharralis by alpha-hemolytic streptococci from healthy children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1999; 47:49-56. [PMID: 10206394 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5876(98)00174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the inhibitory activity of the normal epipharyngeal flora against the three most common acute otitis media (AOM) pathogens in healthy children, and to study if the inhibitory activity differs between alpha-hemolytic streptococci (AHS) sampled from the tubal orifice and from those sampled from the adenoid. A total number of ten isolates of AHS were collected from the tubal orifice and the adenoid, respectively, in ten children undergoing adenoidectomy or tonsillectomy. None of the children had a history of otitis media, neither secretory otitis media (SOM) nor AOM. The method used to test the bacterial interference in vitro was a modified agar overlay method. The results showed that the AHS from nasopharynx were able to inhibit the majority of the S. pneumoniae, nontypable Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catharralis isolates tested. The AHS isolates from the tubal orifice inhibited growth of 93% of S. pneumoniae, 79% of H. influenzae and 84% of M. catharralis isolates. The corresponding figures among isolates from the adenoid were 76, 48 and 62%. This difference in the inhibitory capacity between the AHS isolates collected from the adenoid, compared with the AHS collected from the tubal orifice, is statistically significant (P<0.01) and implies that it is important to know the exact sampling locality before conclusions are made concerning the significance of bacterial interference in the upper airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Umeå University, Sweden.
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Biswas T, Ramana CV, Srinivasan G, Boldogh I, Hazra TK, Chen Z, Tano K, Thompson EB, Mitra S. Activation of human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase gene by glucocorticoid hormone. Oncogene 1999; 18:525-32. [PMID: 9927209 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1202320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), a ubiquitous DNA repair protein, removes the mutagenic DNA adduct O6-alkylguanine, which is synthesized both endogenously and after exposure to alkylnitrosamines and alkylating antitumor drugs such as 2-chloroethyl-N-nitrosourea (CNU). The MGMT gene is highly regulated in mammalian cells and its overexpression, observed in many types of tumor cells, is often associated with cellular resistance to CNU. Dexamethasone, a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone, was found to increase MGMT expression in HeLa S3 cells, concomitant with their increased resistance to CNU. Two putative glucocorticoid responsive elements (GREs) were identified in the human MGMT (hMGMT) promoter. Transient expression of the luciferase reporter gene driven by an hMGMT promoter fragment containing these GREs was activated by dexamethasone. DNase I footprinting assays demonstrated the binding of glucocorticoid receptor to these sequences. In vitro transcription experiment showed that these DNA sequences are functional in glucocorticoid receptor signal-mediated activation of transcription. These results suggest glucocorticoid-mediated induction of the MGMT gene contributes to high level expression of MGMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Biswas
- Sealy Center for Molecular Science and Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA
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Kikunaga S, Miyata Y, Ishibashi G, Koyama F, Tano K. The bioavailability of magnesium from Wakame (Undaria pinnatifida) and Hijiki (Hijikia fusiforme) and the effect of alginic acid on magnesium utilization of rats. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 1999; 53:265-274. [PMID: 10517285 DOI: 10.1023/a:1008082112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability of magnesium from Wakame and Hijiki, and the effects of alginic acid on absorption of dietary magnesium were examined in five groups of rats fed either control, Wakame, Hijiki, AW (containing the same amount of alginate as in the Wakame) and AH (containing the same amount of alginate as in the Hijiki) diets, and animals fed a low magnesium diet (LMg) (twentieth amount of magnesium in the original mineral mixtures as the control). Food intake and body weight gain were decreased by adding sodium alginate to the diets. A large amount of calcium accumulated only in the kidneys of the rats fed the LMg diet. Serum magnesium concentration decreased only in the LMg group. The magnesium content in the defatted left femurs did not differ between the control and Wakame fed animals and also among the animals eating Wakame, Hijiki and AW diets. The breaking force of the right femurs did not differ among all the groups except the LMg group. The ratio of apparent magnesium absorption (%) of the control, LMg, Wakame, Hijiki, AW and AH groups was 82.2, 72.7, 66.9, 50.8, 69.3 and 54.2 in the first experimental period, and was 75.3, 52.1, 57.7, 46.9, 62.6 and 60.5 in the second experimental period, respectively. It was clear that the bioavailability of magnesium in the Wakame fed rats was higher than in those eating the Hijiki. Large amounts of sodium alginate lowered magnesium absorption from the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kikunaga
- Faculty of Sciences of Human Life, Notre Dame Seishin University, Okayama, Japan
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Tano K, Akasaka S, Hashimoto M, Asano M, Yamamoto K, Utsumi H, Takimoto K. Specificity of mutations induced by riboflavin mediated photosensitization in the supF gene of Escherichia coli. Mutat Res 1998; 420:7-13. [PMID: 9838023 DOI: 10.1016/s1383-5718(98)00137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin-mediated photosensitization has been shown to produce 8-hydroxyguanine (oh8Gua) in DNA. We investigated the specificity of mutation of photosensitized supF gene induced in Escherichia coli. The oh8Gua repair deficient E. coli mutant mutM and mutY were transformed with plasmid pUB3 carrying the supF gene irradiated with white light in the presence of riboflavin. Under these conditions, riboflavin photosensitization increased the amounts of oh8Gua in pUB3 DNA. Three types of a single base substitution occurring at G:C pairs were detected in both wild-type and mutM mutant strains. Almost all base substitutions were transversions to T:A or C:G pairs occurring at a similar extent in both wild-type and mutM strains. Mutations derived from mutY strain transformed with photosensitized DNA were only G:C to T:A transversions. These G:C to T:A transversions observed in the mutY strain were suggested to be the result of mispairing of oh8Gua with adenine. Riboflavin-mediated photosensitization may also produce lesions on DNA causing G:C to C:G changes by unknown mechanisms.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- DNA Glycosylases
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/drug effects
- DNA, Bacterial/radiation effects
- DNA-Formamidopyrimidine Glycosylase
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Escherichia coli/chemistry
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Escherichia coli/radiation effects
- Escherichia coli Proteins
- Genes, Suppressor
- Guanine/analogs & derivatives
- Guanine/analysis
- Guanine/biosynthesis
- Light
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Mutation
- N-Glycosyl Hydrolases/chemistry
- N-Glycosyl Hydrolases/genetics
- Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry
- Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology
- Plasmids/drug effects
- Plasmids/radiation effects
- RNA, Transfer/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer/genetics
- RNA, Transfer/radiation effects
- Riboflavin/chemistry
- Riboflavin/pharmacology
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Osaka 590-0494,
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37
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Utsumi H, Kodama S, Tano K, Hashimoto MW, Watanabe H. Establishment and characterization of a hypocatalasemic mouse cell strain. J Radiat Res 1998; 39:165-174. [PMID: 9868865 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.39.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Contact-inhibited catalase-deficient fibroblast cell strain has been established from the homozygous hypocatalasemic C3H/Csb mutant mouse. This cell strain has low level of catalase enzyme activity and has normal level of enzyme activities of both glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. Catalase-deficient C3H/Csb mutant cell strain is markedly more sensitive to the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide compared to wild-type C3H/Csa cell strain. In addition, mutant cell strain is sensitive to X-rays and near-UV compared to wild-type cell strain, but shows the same sensitivities to topoisomerase II inhibitors, adriamycin and 4'-(9-acridinylamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA), and the DNA cross-linking agents, cisdiamminedichloroplatinum (II) (cis-Pt) and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (trans-Pt). These cell strains will be of use in the study of the roles which catalase plays in the intracellular prevention of DNA damage induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Utsumi
- Laboratory of Radiation Life Science, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
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38
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Yoshizumi M, Kitagawa T, Ozawa Y, Tano K, Tsuchiya K, Houchi H, Minakuchi K, Tamaki T. Changes in plasma free and sulfoconjugated catecholamines during the perioperative period of cardiac surgery: effect of continuous infusion of dopamine. Biol Pharm Bull 1998; 21:787-91. [PMID: 9743242 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.21.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the pharmacological properties of the formation of sulfoconjugated catecholamines (CAs) in human plasma, we investigated the changes in the plasma levels of free and sulfoconjugated CA during the continuous infusion of dopamine (DA; 4-6 microg/kg/min for 24 h, followed by 3-4 microg/kg/min for 48 h) in patients who had undergone cardiac surgery. The plasma level of free DA increased immediately after the start of the infusion and reached a plateau within 1 h at a level of about 2000 times the basal value. In the control patients who had received non-cardiac surgery without DA infusion, plasma-free DA increased only 5-fold after their operation. The plasma level of DA sulfate increased linearly for 24 h, to 48-fold of the basal value by DA infusion, whereas it showed only a 2-fold increase in the control patients. After 24 h, due to reduction of the infused DA dose, the level of free DA gradually decreased, whereas the level of DA sulfate remained elevated. The plasma levels of free adrenaline (Ad) and noradrenaline (NA) also increased during the DA infusion, but their levels reached a plateau within 1-2 h. Sulfoconjugated Ad and NA increased progressively until the tapering off of DA infusion. In the control patients, both free and conjugated Ad and NA showed transient increases over 12 h after surgery. These results suggest that sulfoconjugation plays a role in regulating the plasma levels of excess free CA, thereby modifying the cardiovascular effects of circulating CA. Measurement of the increase in plasma conjugated CA may be useful as an index of the increase in free CA in plasma due to the administration of an exogenous form or release of endogenous CA from the tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yoshizumi
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Kuramoto, Japan
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39
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Mori T, Tano K, Takimoto K, Utsumi H. Formation of 8-hydroxyguanine and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine in DNA by riboflavin mediated photosensitization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 242:98-101. [PMID: 9439617 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1997.7916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Calf thymus DNA was photoirradiated in the presence of riboflavin. Altered bases were detected and quantified by the GC/MS-SIM method after hydrolysis and derivatization of DNA. Seven types of modified purine bases were detected in control DNA. Among them, the yields of 8-OH-Gua and FapyGua increased significantly in DNA photo-irradiated with riboflavin, whereas the yields of xanthine, 8-OH-Ade, 2-OH-Ade, FapyAde and hypoxanthine were not affected. A dose dependent increase in the formation of 8-OH-Gua was observed with increasing riboflavin concentration for 30 min irradiation. On the other hand, FapyGua reached plateau at 10 micrograms/ml of riboflavin for 30 min irradiation. Our results indicate that guanine moiety in DNA is the most susceptible to riboflavin mediated photosensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mori
- Research Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan.
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40
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Asaeda A, Ide H, Tano K, Takamori Y, Kubo K. Repair kinetics of abasic sites in mammalian cells selectively monitored by the aldehyde reactive probe (ARP). Nucleosides Nucleotides 1998; 17:503-13. [PMID: 9708359 DOI: 10.1080/07328319808005194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Human methylpurine N-glycosylase (MPG) activity was investigated by monitoring abasic (AP) sites resulting from removal of alkylated bases. The amount of AP sites in MMS-treated HeLa cells transiently increased at 3 h, then gradually decreased to 40% at 24 h. The presence of adenine, an inhibitor of AP endonucleases, in the repair incubation of MMS-treated cells induced moderate accumulation of AP sites, suggesting inhibition of the activities of MPG as well as AP endonucleases by adenine metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Asaeda
- Department of Veterinary Radiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Osaka Prefecture University, Japan
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41
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Tano K, Yoshizumi M, Kitagawa T, Hori T, Kitaichi T, Itoh K, Katoh I. Effect of docarpamine, a novel orally active dopamine prodrug, on the formation of free and sulfoconjugated dopamine in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Life Sci 1997; 61:1469-78. [PMID: 9328226 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(97)00706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of orally active dopamine prodrug, docarpamine [N-(N-acetyl-L-methionyl)-O,O-bis (ethoxycarbonyl) dopamine], we examined its effect on the formation of free and sulfoconjugated dopamine in patients who underwent cardiac surgery. The preoperative values of free and sulfoconjugated dopamine in patients were 216 +/- 52 pg/ml and 4,930 +/- 820 pg/ml, respectively. The plasma level of free dopamine increased to 95.3 +/- 28.3 ng/ml by dopamine infusion after the operation and was sustained at a high level (87.7 +/- 26.5 ng/ml) by concomitant administration of docarpamine in spite of tapering of dopamine infusion. After stopping dopamine infusion, plasma level of free dopamine was 24.5 +/- 17.6 ng/ml maintained by oral administration of docarpamine alone. From these results, docarpamine may be a useful alternative to intravenous dopamine after cardiac surgery. Sulfoconjugated dopamine in plasma increased to 267 +/- 120 ng/ml after the start of dopamine infusion and increased further after oral docarpamine administration to 2,060 +/- 610 ng/ml. Since sulfoconjugated dopamine is thought to be a possible precursor of active free dopamine in plasma, orally administered docarpamine might be stored as a reserve pool for free dopamine in patients who undergo cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Tokushima, Japan
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42
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Shimamura H, Akasaka S, Kubo K, Saito Y, Nakajima S, Tano K, Utsumi H, Yamamoto K. Mutational specificity of the ferrous ion in a supF gene of endonuclease III/VIII deficient Escherichia coli. J Radiat Res 1997; 38:165-171. [PMID: 9415748 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.38.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
When 125 microM Fe2+/EDTA treated plasmid pUB3 was used to transfect an Escherichia coli NKJ2004 (nth nei) host, which is totally defective in glycosylases for thymine glycol and 5-hydroxycytosine, a 3.7 fold increase in mutation frequency was observed. Among 46 supF mutants sequenced, 28 had base substitutions, with G:C-->C:G transversion predominant (14 cases), followed by G:C-->T:A transversion (6 cases) and G:C-->A:T transition (6 cases). The results are consistent with our previous Fe2+ mutagenesis results where, in the wild type host, 78% were base substitutions, with G:C-->C:G transversion (59%) predominant, followed by G:C-->T:A transversion (28%) and G:C-->A:T transition (11%). Treatment of pUB3 DNA with Fe2+/EDTA did not yield formation of Endonuclease III sensitive sites. The possibility of 5-hydroxycytosine as the causative lesion for Fe2+ induced G:C-->C:G transversion is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shimamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Osaka, Japan
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43
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Izumi T, Tatsuka M, Tano K, Asano M, Mitra S. Molecular cloning and characterization of the promoter of the human N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase (MPG) gene. Carcinogenesis 1997; 18:1837-9. [PMID: 9328183 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/18.9.1837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The promoter region of the human N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase (MPG) gene was cloned and characterized. The cloned segment contains two first exons that were earlier identified and named exons 1a and 1b. These were found to be separated by approximately 800 bp. The minimal promoter region was identified upstream to the distal exon 1a, by transient transfection, and no promoter activity was found in the region in between exons 1a and 1b, suggesting that transcription starts at a single site which is then processed to generate mRNAs of the isoforms. The promoter sequence is G and C rich and contains neither TATA box, nor apparent CAAT sequences, although a partially matched CAAT sequence was identified just downstream to the minimal promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Izumi
- Sealy Center for Molecular Science and Department of Human Biological Chemistry and Genetics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA
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44
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Tano K, Dunn WC, Darroudi F, Shiota S, Preston RJ, Natarajan AT, Mitra S. Amplification of the DNA repair gene O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase associated with resistance to alkylating drugs in a mammalian cell line. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:13250-4. [PMID: 9148943 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.20.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytotoxic action of such alkylating chemotherapeutic drugs as 2-chloroethyl-N-nitrosourea (CNU) derivatives is countered by the repair protein O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT), which removes O6-alkylguanine induced in the DNA by these agents. Resistance to these drugs is often correlated with the MGMT levels in normal and tumor cells of human and rodent origin. Exposure of mouse 3T3 cells to increasing concentrations of CNU, and subsequent selection of resistant cells, led to the isolation of clones with 5-10 times higher levels of MGMT activity than in the control. The increased MGMT expression at both mRNA and protein levels resulted from 5- to 10-fold amplification of the Mgmt gene. Amplification of this gene was not associated with concomitant amplification of another alkylation damage repair gene, N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase. No amplification of at least three other genes on chromosome 7 (which contains the Mgmt gene) was observed in the drug-resistant cells. Furthermore, the amplified Mgmt sequence was not associated with a homogeneously staining region, or double minute chromosomes, nor present as episomal DNA. In situ hybridization of metaphase chromosomes of the drug-resistant cells indicated both translocation and localized amplification of the Mgmt gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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45
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Utsumi H, Tano K, Mizuma N, Kobayashi T, Ichihashi M. Cellular effect of thermal neutron capture treatment using 10B1-para-boronophenylalanine: lethal effect on melanoma cells with different degrees of X-ray sensitivity. J Radiat Res 1996; 37:193-198. [PMID: 8996977 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.37.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effect of neutron capture treatment using 10B-compound on X-ray sensitive P-39 and X-ray resistant G-361 human melanoma cell lines, and found a high lethal effect of boron neutron capture therapy in comparison with conventional ionizing radiation. The P-39 line was sensitive to thermal neutron radiation, and extremely sensitive to bleomycin treatment, whereas the G-361 line was resistant to both forms of treatment; however, the two cell lines had similar sensitivity to thermal neutron radiation after pretreatment with 10B1-para-boronophenylalanine (10B1-BPA, 200 micrograms/ml medium). These results show that the thermal neutron capture products (a 7Li nucleus and alpha particle) are highly damaging and short range in tumor cells and thus more efficiently inactivate melanoma cells irrespective of x-ray sensitivity, than conventional X-ray-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Utsumi
- Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, Osaka, Japan
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46
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Nakano S, Eishi K, Tano K, Kobayashi Y, Kobayashi J, Sasako K, Isobe F, Kosakai Y, Kito Y, Kawashima K. [Evaluation and problem points in reconstruction of the mitral valve based on follow-up results]. Nihon Kyobu Geka Gakkai Zasshi 1996; 44:327-8. [PMID: 8926407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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47
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Katoh I, Tano K. [Lymphangitis]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1996:626-8. [PMID: 9048112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Katoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima
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48
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Abstract
The characteristic diagram for refolding of denatured reduced lysozyme was prepared in terms of recovered activity by employing urea and LiCl concentrations as two axes of rectangular coordinates. The diagram obtained will serve as a new tool not only for the optimum design of refolding media but also for the study of the refolding mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tano
- Department of Chemical Reaction Engineering, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Japan
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Costello JF, Futscher BW, Tano K, Graunke DM, Pieper RO. Graded methylation in the promoter and body of the O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene correlates with MGMT expression in human glioma cells. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:17228-37. [PMID: 8006031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression of the O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene in human glioma cell lines is strongly associated with resistance to the chemotherapeutic agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea. To examine the possibility that methylation of the body and promoter regions of the MGMT gene is associated with MGMT expression in a graded, rather than a completely on/off fashion, the present study analyzed the methylation status of the MGMT gene in human glioma cell lines exhibiting a wide range of MGMT expression. Methylation in the body of the gene was uniform within each cell line and correlated directly with MGMT expression. The level of MGMT promoter methylation was also graded across the cell lines, at 21 of 25 CpGs tested, but correlated inversely with MGMT expression. Two sites in the MGMT promoter were also much more accessible to restriction enzyme digestion, and thus in a more open chromatin conformation, in nuclei from high MGMT expressors relative to nuclei from cells with little or no MGMT expression. We conclude that the level of methylation, in both the body and promoter of the MGMT gene, is associated with MGMT expression in a graded fashion and may be important in setting the transcriptional state of the MGMT promoter through changes in chromatin structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Costello
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois 60153
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Costello J, Futscher B, Tano K, Graunke D, Pieper R. Graded methylation in the promoter and body of the O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene correlates with MGMT expression in human glioma cells. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)32544-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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