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Rivas AL, Smith SD, Basiladze V, Chaligava T, Malania L, Burjanadze I, Chichinadze T, Suknidze N, Bolashvili N, Hoogesteijn AL, Gilbertson K, Bertram JH, Fair JM, Webb CT, Imnadze P, Kosoy M. Geo-temporal patterns to design cost-effective interventions for zoonotic diseases -the case of brucellosis in the country of Georgia. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1270505. [PMID: 38179332 PMCID: PMC10765567 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1270505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Control of zoonosis can benefit from geo-referenced procedures. Focusing on brucellosis, here the ability of two methods to distinguish disease dissemination patterns and promote cost-effective interventions was compared. Method Geographical data on bovine, ovine and human brucellosis reported in the country of Georgia between 2014 and 2019 were investigated with (i) the Hot Spot (HS) analysis and (ii) a bio-geographical (BG) alternative. Results More than one fourth of all sites reported cases affecting two or more species. While ruminant cases displayed different patterns over time, most human cases described similar geo-temporal features, which were associated with the route used by migrant shepherds. Other human cases showed heterogeneous patterns. The BG approach identified small areas with a case density twice as high as the HS method. The BG method also identified, in 2018, a 2.6-2.99 higher case density in zoonotic (human and non-human) sites than in non-zoonotic sites (which only reported cases affecting a single species) -a finding that, if corroborated, could support cost-effective policy-making. Discussion Three dissemination hypotheses were supported by the data: (i) human cases induced by sheep-related contacts; (ii) human cases probably mediated by contaminated milk or meat; and (iii) cattle and sheep that infected one another. This proof-of-concept provided a preliminary validation for a method that may support cost-effective interventions oriented to control zoonoses. To expand these findings, additional studies on zoonosis-related decision-making are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel L. Rivas
- Center for Global Health, Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | | | - V. Basiladze
- National Food Agency, Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tengiz Chaligava
- National Food Agency, Ministry of Environmental Protection and Agriculture of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Lile Malania
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Irma Burjanadze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tamar Chichinadze
- Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nikoloz Suknidze
- Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Nana Bolashvili
- Vakhushti Bagrationi Institute of Geography, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | | | - Kendra Gilbertson
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jonathan H. Bertram
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jeanne Marie Fair
- Genomics and Bioanalytics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States
| | - Colleen T. Webb
- Graduate Degree Program in Ecology, Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Paata Imnadze
- National Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia
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Gilbertson K, Brommesson P, Minter A, Hallman C, Miller RS, Portacci K, Sellman S, Tildesley MJ, Webb CT, Lindström T, Beck-Johnson LM. The Importance of Livestock Demography and Infrastructure in Driving Foot and Mouth Disease Dynamics. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:1604. [PMID: 36295038 PMCID: PMC9605081 DOI: 10.3390/life12101604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transboundary animal diseases, such as foot and mouth disease (FMD) pose a significant and ongoing threat to global food security. Such diseases can produce large, spatially complex outbreaks. Mathematical models are often used to understand the spatio-temporal dynamics and create response plans for possible disease introductions. Model assumptions regarding transmission behavior of premises and movement patterns of livestock directly impact our understanding of the ecological drivers of outbreaks and how to best control them. Here, we investigate the impact that these assumptions have on model predictions of FMD outbreaks in the U.S. using models of livestock shipment networks and disease spread. We explore the impact of changing assumptions about premises transmission behavior, both by including within-herd dynamics, and by accounting for premises type and increasing the accuracy of shipment predictions. We find that the impact these assumptions have on outbreak predictions is less than the impact of the underlying livestock demography, but that they are important for investigating some response objectives, such as the impact on trade. These results suggest that demography is a key ecological driver of outbreaks and is critical for making robust predictions but that understanding management objectives is also important when making choices about model assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Gilbertson
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Peter Brommesson
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Division of Theoretical Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Amanda Minter
- Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (SBIDER), School of Life Sciences and Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Clayton Hallman
- USDA APHIS Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Ryan S. Miller
- USDA APHIS Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Katie Portacci
- USDA APHIS Veterinary Services, Center for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, CO 80526, USA
| | - Stefan Sellman
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Division of Theoretical Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michael J. Tildesley
- Zeeman Institute for Systems Biology and Infectious Disease Epidemiology Research (SBIDER), School of Life Sciences and Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Colleen T. Webb
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Tom Lindström
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Division of Theoretical Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lindsay M. Beck-Johnson
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, 1878 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
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Nash R, Riley C, Paramsothy P, Gilbertson K, Raspa M, Wheeler A, Dziuban EJ, Peacock G. A Description of the Educational Setting Among Individuals With Fragile X Syndrome. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil 2019; 124:57-76. [PMID: 30715925 PMCID: PMC6442477 DOI: 10.1352/1944-7558-124.1.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Children with fragile X syndrome (FXS) display wide-ranging intellectual and behavioral abilities that affect daily life. We describe the educational setting of students with FXS and assess the relationships between school setting, co-occurring conditions, and functional ability using a national survey sample ( n = 982). The majority of students with FXS in this sample have formal individualized education plans, spend part of the day outside regular classrooms, and receive modifications when in a regular classroom. Males with FXS and certain co-occurring conditions (autism, aggression, and self-injurious behavior) are more likely to spend the entire day outside regular classrooms, compared to males without these co-occurring conditions. Students who spend more time in regular classrooms are more likely to perform functional tasks without help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Nash
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Catharine Riley
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Pangaja Paramsothy
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Kendra Gilbertson
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Melissa Raspa
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Anne Wheeler
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Eric J Dziuban
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
| | - Georgina Peacock
- Rebecca Nash, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health; Catharine Riley and Pangaja Paramsothy, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Kendra Gilbertson, ORISE, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Melissa Raspa and Anne Wheeler, RTI International; and Eric J. Dziuban and Georgina Peacock, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Escoffery C, Liang S, Rodgers K, Haardoerfer R, Hennessy G, Gilbertson K, Heredia NI, Gatus LA, Fernandez ME. Process evaluation of health fairs promoting cancer screenings. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:865. [PMID: 29254486 PMCID: PMC5735813 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3867-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low income and uninsured individuals often have lower adherence to cancer screening for breast, cervical and colorectal cancer. Health fairs are a common community outreach strategy used to provide cancer-related health education and services. Methods This study was a process evaluation of seven health fairs focused on cancer screening across the U.S. We conducted key-informant interviews with the fair coordinator and conducted baseline and follow-up surveys with fair participants to describe characteristics of participants as well as their experiences. We collected baseline data with participants at the health fairs and telephone follow-up surveys 6 months following the fair. Results Attendance across the seven health fairs ranged from 41 to 212 participants. Most fairs provided group or individual education, print materials and cancer screening during the event. Overall, participants rated health fairs as very good and participants reported that the staff was knowledgeable and that they liked the materials distributed. After the fairs, about 60% of participants, who were reached at follow-up, had read the materials provided and had conversations with others about cancer screening, and 41% talked to their doctors about screening. Based on findings from evaluation including participant data and coordinator interviews, we describe 6 areas in planning for health fairs that may increase their effectiveness. These include: 1) use of a theoretical framework for health promotion to guide educational content and activities provided, 2) considering the community characteristics, 3) choosing a relevant setting, 4) promotion of the event, 5) considerations of the types of services to deliver, and 6) evaluation of the health fair. Conclusions The events reported varied in reach and the participants represented diverse races and lower income populations overall. Most health fairs offered education, print materials and onsite cancer screening. Participants reported general satisfaction with these events and were motivated through their participation to read educational materials or discuss screening with providers. Public health professionals can benefit from this process evaluation and recommendations for designing and evaluating health fairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cam Escoffery
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Shuting Liang
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kirsten Rodgers
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Regine Haardoerfer
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Grace Hennessy
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Kendra Gilbertson
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Natalia I Heredia
- University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Leticia A Gatus
- University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Maria E Fernandez
- University of Texas School of Public Health at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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