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Rao PK, Barker C, Coit DG, Joseph RW, Materin M, Rengan R, Sosman J, Thompson JA, Albertini MR, Boland G, Carson Iii WE, Contreras C, Daniels GA, DiMaio D, Durham A, Fields RC, Fleming MD, Galan A, Gastman B, Grossman K, Guild V, Johnson D, Karakousis G, Lange JR, Margolin K, Nath S, Olszanski AJ, Ott PA, Ross MI, Salama AK, Skitzki J, Swetter SM, Wuthrick E, McMillian NR, Engh A. NCCN Guidelines Insights: Uveal Melanoma, Version 1.2019. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 18:120-131. [PMID: 32023525 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2020.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The NCCN Guidelines for Uveal Melanoma include recommendations for staging, treatment, and follow-up of patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma of the choroid or ciliary body. In addition, because distinguishing between uveal melanoma and benign uveal nevi is in some cases difficult, these guidelines also contain recommendations for workup of patients with suspicious pigmented uveal lesions, to clarify the tests needed to distinguish between those who should have further workup and treatment for uveal melanoma versus those with uncertain diagnosis and low risk who should to be followed and later reevaluated. These NCCN Guidelines Insights describe recommendations for treatment of newly diagnosed nonmetastatic uveal melanoma in patients who have already undergone a complete workup.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kumar Rao
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | | | - Ramesh Rengan
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | - Jeffrey Sosman
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | - John A Thompson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | - William E Carson Iii
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | - Ryan C Fields
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Brian Gastman
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
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- The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins
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2
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Algazi A, Othus M, Daud A, Lo R, Mehnert J, Truong TG, Conry R, Kendra K, Doolittle G, Clark JI, Messino M, Moore DF, Lao C, Faller BA, Govindarajan R, Harker-Murray A, Dreisbach L, Moon J, Grossman K, Ribas A. Abstract CT013: SWOG S1320: Improved progression-free survival with continuous compared to intermittent dosing with dabrafenib and trametinib in patients with BRAF mutated melanoma. Cancer Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2020-ct013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: BRAF and MEK inhibitors yield objective responses in the majority of BRAFV600E/K mutant melanoma patients, but acquired resistance limits response durations. Preclinical data suggests that intermittent dosing of these agents may delay acquired resistance by deselecting tumor cells that grow optimally in the presence of these agents. S1320 is a randomized phase 2 clinical trial designed to determine whether intermittent versus continuous dosing of dabrafenib and trametinib improves progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with advanced BRAFV600E/K melanoma.
Methods: All patients received continuous dabrafenib and trametinib for 8-weeks after which non-progressing patients were randomized to receive either continuous treatment or intermittent dosing of both drugs on a 3-week-off, 5-week-on schedule. Unscheduled treatment interruptions of both drugs for > 14 days were not permitted. Responses were assessed using RECIST v1.1 at 8-week intervals scheduled to coincide with on-treatment periods for patients on the intermittent dosing arm. Adverse events were assessed using CTCAE v4 monthly. The design assumed exponential PFS with a median of 9.4 months using continuous dosing, 206 eligible patients and 156 PFS events. It had 90% power with a two-sided α = 0.2 to detect a change to a median with an a priori hypothesis that intermittent dosing would improve the median PFS to 14.1 months using a Cox model stratified by the randomization stratification factors.
Results: 242 patients were treated and 206 patients without disease progression after 8 weeks were randomized, 105 to continuous and 101 to intermittent treatment. 70% of patients had not previously received immune checkpoint inhibitors. There were no significant differences between groups in terms of baseline patient characteristics. The median PFS was statistically significantly longer, 9.0 months from randomization, with continuous dosing vs. 5.5 months from randomization with intermittent dosing (p = 0.064). There was no difference in overall survival between groups (median OS = 29.2 months in both arms p = 0.93) at a median follow up of 2 years. 77% of patient treated continuously discontinued treatment due to disease progression vs. 84% treated intermittently (p = 0.34).
Conclusions: Continuous dosing with the BRAF and MEK inhibitors dabrafenib and trametinib yields superior PFS compared with intermittent dosing.
Support: NIH/NCI grants CA180888, CA180819, CA180820
Citation Format: Alain Algazi, Megan Othus, Adil Daud, Roger Lo, Janice Mehnert, Thach-Giao Truong, Robert Conry, Kari Kendra, Gary Doolittle, Joseph I. Clark, Michael Messino, Dennis F. Moore, Christopher Lao, Bryan A. Faller, Rangaswamy Govindarajan, Amy Harker-Murray, Luke Dreisbach, James Moon, Kenneth Grossman, Antoni Ribas. SWOG S1320: Improved progression-free survival with continuous compared to intermittent dosing with dabrafenib and trametinib in patients with BRAF mutated melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr CT013.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Othus
- 2Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Janice Mehnert
- 4Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ
| | | | | | | | - Gary Doolittle
- 8University of Kansas Hospital – Westwood Cancer Center, Westwood, KS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James Moon
- 2Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA
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Bichakjian CK, Olencki T, Aasi SZ, Alam M, Andersen JS, Blitzblau R, Bowen GM, Contreras CM, Daniels GA, Decker R, Farma JM, Fisher K, Gastman B, Ghosh K, Grekin RC, Grossman K, Ho AL, Lewis KD, Loss M, Lydiatt DD, Messina J, Nehal KS, Nghiem P, Puzanov I, Schmults CD, Shaha AR, Thomas V, Xu YG, Zic JA, Hoffmann KG, Engh AM. Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Version 1.2018, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2019; 16:742-774. [PMID: 29891526 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2018.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) focuses on areas impacted by recently emerging data, including sections describing MCC risk factors, diagnosis, workup, follow-up, and management of advanced disease with radiation and systemic therapy. Included in these sections are discussion of the new recommendations for use of Merkel cell polyomavirus as a biomarker and new recommendations for use of checkpoint immunotherapies to treat metastatic or unresectable disease. The next update of the complete version of the NCCN Guidelines for MCC will include more detailed information about elements of pathology and addresses additional aspects of management of MCC, including surgical management of the primary tumor and draining nodal basin, radiation therapy as primary treatment, and management of recurrence.
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Zakharia Y, McWilliams R, Shaheen M, Grossman K, Drabick J, Milhem M, Rixie O, Khleif S, Lott R, Kennedy E, Munn D, Vahanian N, Link C. Abstract CT117: Interim analysis of the Phase 2 clinical trial of the IDO pathway inhibitor indoximod in combination with pembrolizumab for patients with advanced melanoma. Clin Trials 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-ct117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bichakjian CK, Olencki T, Aasi SZ, Alam M, Andersen JS, Berg D, Bowen GM, Cheney RT, Daniels GA, Glass LF, Grekin RC, Grossman K, Higgins SA, Ho AL, Lewis KD, Lydiatt DD, Nehal KS, Nghiem P, Olsen EA, Schmults CD, Sekulic A, Shaha AR, Thorstad WL, Tuli M, Urist MM, Wang TS, Wong SL, Zic JA, Hoffmann KG, Engh A. Basal Cell Skin Cancer, Version 1.2016, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2016; 14:574-97. [PMID: 27160235 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common cancer, with a higher incidence than all other malignancies combined. Although it is rare to metastasize, patients with multiple or frequently recurring BCC can suffer substantial comorbidity and be difficult to manage. Assessment of risk is a key element of management needed to inform treatment selection. The overall management of BCC primarily consists of surgical approaches, with radiation therapy as an alternate or adjuvant option. Many superficial therapies for BCC have been explored and continue to be developed, including topicals, cryosurgery, and photodynamic therapy. Two hedgehog pathway inhibitors were recently approved by the FDA for systemic treatment of advanced and metastatic BCC, and others are in development. The NCCN Guidelines for Basal Cell Skin Cancer, published in full herein, include recommendations for selecting among the various surgical approaches based on patient-, lesion-, and disease-specific factors, as well as guidance on when to use radiation therapy, superficial therapies, and hedgehog pathway inhibitors.
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Bichakjian CK, Olencki T, Alam M, Andersen JS, Berg D, Bowen GM, Cheney RT, Daniels GA, Glass LF, Grekin RC, Grossman K, Ho AL, Lewis KD, Lydiatt DD, Morrison WH, Nehal KS, Nelson KC, Nghiem P, Perlis CS, Shaha AR, Thorstad WL, Tuli M, Urist MM, Wang TS, Werchniak AE, Wong SL, Zic JA, McMillian N, Hoffman K, Ho M. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, version 1.2014. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2015; 12:863-8. [PMID: 24925197 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2014.0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon soft tissue tumor characterized by a relatively high risk of local recurrence and low risk of metastasis. The NCCN Guidelines for DFSP provide multidisciplinary recommendations on the management of patients with this rare disease. These NCCN Guidelines Insights highlight the addition of the Principles of Pathology section, which provides recommendations on the pathologic assessment of DFSP. Because DFSP can mimic other lesions, immunohistochemical studies are often required to establish diagnosis. Cytogenetic testing for the characteristic translocation t(17;22)(q22;q13) can also be valuable in the differential diagnosis of DFSP with other histologically similar tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Bichakjian
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Thomas Olencki
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Murad Alam
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - James S Andersen
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Daniel Berg
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Glen M Bowen
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Richard T Cheney
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Gregory A Daniels
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - L Frank Glass
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Roy C Grekin
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Kenneth Grossman
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Alan L Ho
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Karl D Lewis
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Daniel D Lydiatt
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - William H Morrison
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Kishwer S Nehal
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Kelly C Nelson
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Paul Nghiem
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Clifford S Perlis
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Ashok R Shaha
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Wade L Thorstad
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Malika Tuli
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Marshall M Urist
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Timothy S Wang
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Andrew E Werchniak
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Sandra L Wong
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - John A Zic
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Nicole McMillian
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Karin Hoffman
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
| | - Maria Ho
- From University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University; City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center; University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance; Huntsman Cancer Institute at the University of Utah; Roswell Park Cancer Institute; UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center; Moffitt Cancer Center; UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center; Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center; University of Colorado Cancer Center; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center at The Nebraska Medical Center; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Duke Cancer Institute; Fox Chase Cancer Center; Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center; University of Alabama at Birmingham Comprehensive Cancer Center; The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins; Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center; and National Comprehensive Cancer Network
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Bichakjian CK, Olencki T, Alam M, Andersen JS, Berg D, Bowen GM, Cheney RT, Daniels GA, Glass LF, Grekin RC, Grossman K, Ho AL, Lewis KD, Lydiatt DD, Morrison WH, Nehal KS, Nelson KC, Nghiem P, Perlis CS, Shaha AR, Thorstad WL, Tuli M, Urist MM, Wang TS, Werchniak AE, Wong SL, Zic JA, Hoffmann KG, McMillian NR, Ho M. Merkel cell carcinoma, version 1.2014. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2014; 12:410-24. [PMID: 24616545 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2014.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare, aggressive cutaneous tumor that combines the local recurrence rates of infiltrative nonmelanoma skin cancer with the regional and distant metastatic rates of thick melanoma. The NCCN Guidelines for Merkel Cell Carcinoma provide recommendations on the diagnosis and management of this aggressive disease based on clinical evidence and expert consensus. This version includes revisions regarding the use of PET/CT imaging and the addition of a new section on the principles of pathology to provide guidance on the analysis, interpretation, and reporting of pathology results.
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8
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Garritano J, Martinez C, Grossman K, Intemann P, Merritt K, Pfoff R, Smock T. The output of the hippocampus is inhibited during social behavior in the male rat. Exp Brain Res 1996; 111:35-40. [PMID: 8891634 DOI: 10.1007/bf00229553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During sexual behavior in the male rat, peptidergic cells in the medial amygdaloid nucleus become active and release a vasopressin-like peptide. The present experiments were designed to examine hippocampal changes as a result of this peptide's action during sexual behaviors. Chronic field-potential recordings from the hippocampus of male rats were acquired in a wide variety of social and nonsocial circumstances. Hippocampal responses that resemble the known action of the vasopressin-like peptide were seen only with social stimuli such as sexual stimuli and stimuli that led to aggressive behavior between males. The results show that the occasions of peptide action in the hippocampus correlate with the occasions of peptide release as determined by recording from the peptidergic cell bodies. The results are interpreted to indicate that the amygdala projection to the hippocampus has a special role to play in social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Garritano
- Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Boulder 80309, USA
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9
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Wright GL, Grob BM, Haley C, Grossman K, Newhall K, Petrylak D, Troyer J, Konchuba A, Schellhammer PF, Moriarty R. Upregulation of prostate-specific membrane antigen after androgen-deprivation therapy. Urology 1996; 48:326-34. [PMID: 8753752 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(96)00184-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the expression of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) before and after androgen-deprivation therapy and to compare PSMA expression with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) expression. METHODS We studied specimens from 20 patients with prostate cancer undergoing medical or surgical castration or combination androgen-deprivation therapy in whom matched pretreatment and post-treatment tissue specimens were available and 16 patients in whom only a post-treatment specimen was available. The expression of PSMA and PSA in the tissue specimens was determined by immunoperoxidase staining. The extent of staining was calculated by multiplying the percent of antigen-positive tumor cells by the staining intensity to arrive at a stain index for each biomarker. An in vitro study assessed the concentration of PSMA and PSA in extracts of LNCaP cells cultured in the presence or absence of androgen as determined by immunoassays and Western blot analysis. RESULTS PSMA reactivity was found to be increased in 55% (11 of 20) of post-treatment primary tissues and 100% (4 of 4) of post-treatment metastatic specimens. In contrast, PSA expression was found to be decreased in 70% (14 of 20) of post-treatment primary and 100% (4 of 4) of post-treatment metastatic specimens. Neither type of androgen-deprivation treatment nor tissue sensitivity to androgen deprivation appeared to influence degree of biomarker expression. PSMA was found to be downregulated and PSA upregulated when LNCaP cells were cultured in the presence of testosterone or dihydrotestosterone. CONCLUSIONS The enhanced expression of PSMA in tissues and LNCaP cells after androgen deprivation suggests that PSMA is upregulated in the majority of prostate carcinomas after androgen treatment. The high expression in metastatic tissues strongly suggests that PSMA may be a clinically useful target for antibody-and genetic-directed therapy of prostate cancer that recurs after androgen deprivation. The mechanism whereby androgens suppress the expression of PSMA, and the association of PSMA with the development of hormone-independent prostate cancers, will require further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Wright
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk 23501, USA
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10
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Arbiser JL, Grossman K, Kaye E, Arndt KA. Use of short-course class 1 topical glucocorticoid under occlusion for the rapid control of erythrodermic psoriasis. Arch Dermatol 1994; 130:704-6. [PMID: 8002640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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11
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Abstract
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is critical to the development and maintenance of the peripheral nervous system, but its possible roles in other organ systems are less well characterized. We have recently shown that human epidermal melanocytes, pigment cells derived from the neural crest, express the NGF receptor (p75 NGF-R) in vitro (Peacocke, M., M. Yaar, C. P. Mansur, M. V. Chao, and B. A. Gilchrest. 1988. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 85:5282-5286). Using cultured human skin-derived cells we now demonstrate that the melanocyte p75 NGF-R is functional, in that NGF stimulation modulates melanocyte gene expression; that exposure to an NGF gradient is chemotactic for melanocytes and enhances their dendricity; and that keratinocytes, the dominant epidermal cell type, express NGF messenger RNA and hence are a possible local source of NGF for epidermal melanocytes in the skin. These combined data suggest a paracrine role for NGF in human epidermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yaar
- USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111
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Abstract
A dating questionnaire was completed by 248 undergraduate college students who were either dating someone in an exclusive relationship or were not going steady. Responses to this questionnaire by students not going steady with someone indicated that 54 college-age men were more active at initiating and more successful at getting dates than the 70 women. However, between one-half and three-fourths of the college women reported having initiated dates with men. Both sexes experienced considerable anxiety while initiating a date which suggests a self-help system might be designed to ameliorate this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R McNamara
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens 45701-2979
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13
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Smith SP, Grossman K, Rao BK, Koh HK, Cooley TD. Solitary papule of the lip in recurrent gastroesophageal carcinoma: an unusual presentation of cutaneous metastasis. Arch Dermatol 1991; 127:588-9. [PMID: 2006893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Bennett
- Department of Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118
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