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Ray CL, Lelong N, Cinelli H, Blondel B, Lelong N, Cinelli H, Blondel B, Regnault N, Demiguel V, Lebreton E, Salanave B, Fresson J, Vilain A, Deroyon T, Raynaud P, Rey S, Chemlal K, Rabier-Thoreau N. Results of the 2021 French National Perinatal Survey and trends in perinatal health in metropolitan France since 1995. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2022; 51:102509. [PMID: 36410664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2022.102509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report results of the 2021 French National Perinatal Survey (ENP) in metropolitan France and assess trends in the main indicators of perinatal health, medical practices, and risk factors in France since 1995. POPULATION AND METHOD All the samples included all women giving birth at a gestational age of at least 22 weeks of gestation and/or to an infant weighing at least 500 grams in all maternity units in metropolitan France during one week in 1995 (N=13 048), 2003 (N=14 324), 2010 (N=14 546), 2016 (N=12 553), and 2021 (N=12 088). The data came from postpartum interviews of the women at the hospital and their medical records. Comparisons between surveys showed trends over time. RESULTS Between 1995 and 2021, maternal characteristics changed. Maternal age and the frequency of women with obesity rose: in 2021, 24.6% of women were 35 years or older (21.1% in 2016, 19.2% in 2010, 15.9% in 2003 and 12.4% in 1995) and 14.4% were obese (11.8% in 2016, 9.9% in 2010 and 7.4% in 2003). Some antenatal prevention behaviors that improved in 2021 were not smoking during the third trimester, acid folic administration before pregnancy, and vaccination against influenza. The percentage of women with an early prenatal appointment ("4th month appointment"), implemented to facilitate screening of maternal vulnerability during pregnancy, has continued to rise. The percentage of women receiving prenatal care by midwives has risen markedly (39.0% in 2021 versus 11.7% in 2016). Serum screening for Down syndrome continues to increase (91.8% of women in 2021). The rate of induction of labor has risen significantly (20.2% in 1995 and 25.8% in 2021). The mode of delivery has not varied significantly since 2003; in 2021, the cesarean rate was 21.4% and the instrumental vaginal delivery rate 12.4%. Episiotomy was increasingly rare, among both primiparous and multiparous women (16.5% and 2.9% in 2021, respectively). The prevalence of coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infection during pregnancy was 5.7%. Preterm live births increased regularly, slightly but significantly over the 1995-2016 period and then remained stable between 2016 and 2021 (7.0%). In 2021, 56.3% of women exclusively breastfed during their hospital stay, a modest increase in comparison with 2016 (54.6%). CONCLUSION Routine national perinatal surveys highlight positive trends over time in some preventive practices, decreases in some medical interventions consistent with national guidelines, and the increasing role of midwives in prenatal care. Nonetheless, some indicators remain less than optimal and require more detailed analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Le Ray
- Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), CRESS, INSERM, INRAE, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France; Maternité Port-Royal, Groupe hospitalier Paris Centre, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, FHU Prema, 75014 Paris.
| | - Nathalie Lelong
- Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), CRESS, INSERM, INRAE, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Hélène Cinelli
- Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), CRESS, INSERM, INRAE, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Blondel
- Obstetrical Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), CRESS, INSERM, INRAE, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
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Abstract
As a setting, prisons offer a unique opportunity to invest in the health of disadvantaged and marginalised populations and address health inequalities and social exclusion - thereby achieving sustainable improvements in well-being for offenders and their families and in turn, helping to reduce rates of re-offending. This article draws on English and French experiences and doctoral research to advocate a shift from a pathogenic model towards a salutogenic model of health as a helpful way to address inequalities and thus, by promoting joined-up working across justice and wider systems, impact positively beyond 'health' for the effective resettlement of prisoners. The paper utilises examples from horticulture to further argue the powerful role of nature in the prison setting in mediating aspects of culture particularly relating to processes of socialisation. Critical success lies in bridging across systems and a commitment to joined-up working at all levels across and beyond prison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Baybutt
- Healthy & Sustainable Settings Unit, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Khadoudja Chemlal
- Institut National de Prévention et d'Education pour la Santé (French National Institute for Prevention and Health Education), Saint-Denis, France
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de Truchis P, Mathez D, Force G, Rouveix E, Khuong MA, Chemlal K, Thiaux C, Leibowitch J. Letter to the Editor: Long-Term Control of Viral Residual Replication Under Maintenance Therapy with Trizivir After a Quadruple Induction Regimen in HIV-1-Infected Adults (Suburbs Trial). HIV Clinical Trials 2015; 8:102-4. [PMID: 17507326 DOI: 10.1310/hct0802-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Chemlal K, Paty MC, Deutsch P. État des lieux des actions de prévention en milieu pénitentiaire – enquête 2010. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Semaille C, Le Strat Y, Chiron E, Chemlal K, Valantin MA, Serre P, Caté L, Barbier C, Jauffret-Roustide M. Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus among French prison inmates in 2010: a challenge for public health policy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18. [PMID: 23870097 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2013.18.28.20524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among prison inmates in France in 2010, in a cross-sectional single-day study based on a two-stage design. Sampling favoured larger establishments and included all types of prisons. Establishments were stratified by geographical region. Estimates were adjusted by post-stratification of the total population of inmates in France. From 60,975 inmates in all 188 prisons on the sampling day, 2,154 were selected from 27 prisons, and 1,876 questionnaires completed. HIV prevalence was estimated at 2.0% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9–4.2), 2.6% (95% CI: 0.7–8.8) in women and 2.0% (95% CI: 0.9–4.3) in men; 75% of inmates were receiving treatment for HIV. HCV prevalence was estimated at 4.8% (95% CI: 3.5–6.5) and was higher for women (11.8%; 95% CI: 8.5–16.1) than men (4.5%; 95% CI: 3.3–6.3). Almost half of HCV-infected inmates had chronic hepatitis C and 44% were receiving or had received treatment. HIV and HCV prevalence was six times higher than in the general population, and 2.5% of inmates had viraemic hepatitis C. The moment of incarceration provides an ideal opportunity for testing and treating, limiting spread of HCV and improving patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Semaille
- Institut de Veille Sanitaire, Saint-Maurice, France.
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Solier N, Troussier T, Delatour F, Chemlal K, Postel-Vinay N, Basset B, Coquin Y, Dab W. [Syphilis]. Rev Prat 2004; 54:353-4. [PMID: 15109166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
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Chemlal K, Huys G, Laval F, Vincent V, Savage C, Gutierrez C, Laneelle MA, Swings J, Meyers WM, Daffe M, Portaels F. Characterization of an unusual Mycobacterium: a possible missing link between Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium ulcerans. J Clin Microbiol 2002; 40:2370-80. [PMID: 12089250 PMCID: PMC120612 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.40.7.2370-2380.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In an attempt to characterize an unusual mycobacterial isolate from a 44-year-old patient living in France, we applied phenotypic characterizations and various previously described molecular methods for the taxonomic classification of mycobacteria. The results of the investigations were compared to those obtained in a previous study with a set of temporally and geographically diverse Mycobacterium ulcerans (n = 29) and Mycobacterium marinum (n = 29) isolates (K. Chemlal, G. Huys, P.-A. Fonteyne, V. Vincent, A. G. Lopez, L. Rigouts, J. Swings, W. M. Meyers, and F. Portaels, J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:3272-3278, 2001). The isolate, designated ITM 00-1026 (IPP 2000-372), is closely related to M. marinum according to its phenotypic properties, lipid pattern, and partial 16S rRNA sequence. Moreover, fingerprinting by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis unequivocally classified this strain as a member of the species M. marinum, although it lacked two species-specific AFLP marker bands. However, PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis based on M. ulcerans-specific insertion sequence IS2404 showed the presence of this element in a low copy number in isolate ITM 00-1026. In conclusion, the designation of this isolate as a transitional species further supports the recent claim by Stinear et al. (T. Stinear, G. Jenkin, P. D. Johnson, and J. K. Davies, J. Bacteriol. 182:6322-6330, 2000) that M. ulcerans represents a relatively recent phylogenetic derivative of M. marinum resulting from the systematic acquisition of foreign DNA fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Microbiology, Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Cacoub P, Chemlal K, Khalifa P, Wechsler B, De Gennes C, Belmatoug N, Cohen P, Ziza JM, Verdoncq B, Piette JC. Deflazacort versus prednisone in patients with giant cell arteritis: effects on bone mass loss. J Rheumatol 2001; 28:2474-9. [PMID: 11708421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare bone mass loss due to deflazacort versus prednisone in longterm treatment of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) in a randomized double blind comparative trial. METHODS Seventy-four patients were included in a prospective multicenter study. Half received deflazacort (DFZ) and the other half prednisone (PR) for a minimum of 12 months. Calcium and vitamin D supplements were also provided to all subjects. Our intent was (1) to evaluate bone mineral density, using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, at baseline and comparatively at 3, 6, and 12 mo; vertebral fractures by Meunier score and size variations after 12 mo treatments were also analyzed; (2) to assess calcium/phosphate metabolism modifications in both groups at baseline and after 12 mo. RESULTS No significant difference was observed between the 2 groups in terms of treatment efficacy. Patients taking PR were slightly older on average versus the DFZ group (74 vs 70 yrs). Bone mass loss between entry and month 12 was not statistically different in the PR group (-0.026 +/- 0.007 g/cm2) compared to the DFZ group (-0.03 +/- 0.005 g/cm2). No significant difference was found in Meunier score variations (0.77 and 1.18 in the PR and DFZ groups, respectively; p = 0.3), nor in vertebral size variations (-0.4 and -0.2 in the PR and DFZ groups, respectively; p = 0.4). There was no difference in calcium/phosphate metabolism evaluations at month 12. CONCLUSION In older patients taking longterm glucocorticoids who are at risk of osteoporosis, deflazacort did not result in less bone loss than prednisone.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cacoub
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
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Chemlal K, Huys G, Fonteyne PA, Vincent V, Lopez AG, Rigouts L, Swings J, Meyers WM, Portaels F. Evaluation of PCR-restriction profile analysis and IS2404 restriction fragment length polymorphism and amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting for identification and typing of Mycobacterium ulcerans and M. marinum. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:3272-8. [PMID: 11526162 PMCID: PMC88330 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.9.3272-3278.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2000] [Accepted: 05/29/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium ulcerans and M. marinum are emerging necrotizing mycobacterial pathogens that reside in common reservoirs of infection and exhibit striking pathophysiological similarities. Furthermore, the interspecific taxonomic relationship between the two species is not clear as a result of the very high phylogenetic relatedness (i.e., >99.8% 16S rRNA sequence similarity), in contrast to only 25 to 47% DNA relatedness. To help understand the genotypic affiliation between these two closely related species, we performed a comparative analysis including PCR restriction profile analysis (PRPA), IS2404 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) on a set of M. ulcerans (n = 29) and M. marinum (n = 28) strains recovered from different geographic origins. PRPA was based on a triple restriction of the 3' end region of 16S rRNA, which differentiated M. ulcerans into three types; however, the technique could not distinguish M. marinum from M. ulcerans isolates originating from South America and Southeast Asia. RFLP based on IS2404 produced six M. ulcerans types related to six geographic regions and did not produce any band with M. marinum, confirming the previous findings of Chemlal et al. (K. Chemlal, K. DeRidder, P. A. Fonteyne, W. M. Meyers, J. Swings, and F. Portaels, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64:270-273, 2001). AFLP analysis resulted in profiles which grouped M. ulcerans and M. marinum into two separate clusters. The numerical analysis also revealed subgroups among the M. marinum and M. ulcerans isolates. In conclusion, PRPA appears to provide a rapid method for differentiating the African M. ulcerans type from other geographical types but is unsuitable for interspecific differentiation of M. marinum and M. ulcerans. In comparison, whole- genome techniques such as IS 2404-RFLP and AFLP appear to be far more useful in discriminating between M. marinum and M. ulcerans, and may thus be promising molecular tools for the differential diagnosis of infections caused by these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Microbiology, Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
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10
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Chemlal K, De Ridder K, Fonteyne PA, Meyers WM, Swings J, Portaels F. The use of IS2404 restriction fragment length polymorphisms suggests the diversity of Mycobacterium ulcerans from different geographical areas. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2001; 64:270-3. [PMID: 11463115 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2001.64.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, has been reported in five continents: Africa, Asia, Australia, and North and South America. In the present study, restriction fragment length polymorphism with the recently described M. ulcerans specific insertion sequence IS2404 as a probe, was applied to Mycobacterium shinshuense, Mycobacterium marinum, and 14 clinical M. ulcerans isolates originating from six geographic areas: Africa (n = 6), Australia (n = 2), Mexico (n = 1), south Asia (n = 2), Asia (n = 1), and South America (n = 2). Using this probe, six subtypes of M. ulcerans, related to the six geographic origins of the isolates were distinguished, confirming that M. ulcerans can be divided into subgroups corresponding to different geographic variants of the same species.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
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Abstract
Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, or Buruli ulcer, is the third most frequent mycobacterial disease in humans, often causing serious deformities and disability. The disease is most closely associated with tropical wetlands, especially in west and central Africa. Most investigators believe that the aetiological agent proliferates in mud beneath stagnant waters. Modes of transmission may involve direct contact with the contaminated environment, aerosols from water surfaces, and water-dwelling fauna (e.g. insects). Person-to-person transmission is rare. Trauma at the site of skin contamination by M. ulcerans appears to play an important role in initiating disease. Once introduced into the skin or subcutaneous tissue, M. ulcerans multiplies and produces a toxin that causes necrosis. However, the type of disease induced varies from a localised nodule or ulcer, to widespread ulcerative or non-ulcerative disease and osteomyelitis. Although culture of M. ulcerans from a patient was first reported in 1948, attempts to culture the mycobacterium from many specimens of flora and fauna have been unsuccessful. Failure to cultivate this organism from nature may be attributable to inadequate sampling, conditions of transport, decontamination and culture of this fastidious heat-sensitive organism, and to a long generation time relative to that of other environmental mycobacteria. Nevertheless, recent molecular studies using specific primers have revealed M. ulcerans in water, mud, fish and insects. Although no natural reservoir has been found, the possibility that M. ulcerans may colonise microfauna such as free-living amoebae has not been investigated. The host range of experimental infection by M. ulcerans includes lizards, amphibians, chick embryos, possums, armadillos, rats, mice and cattle. Natural infections have been observed only in Australia, in koalas, ringtail possums and a captive alpaca. The lesions were clinically identical to those observed in humans. Mycobacterium ulcerans infection is a rapidly re-emerging disease in some developing tropical countries. The re-emergence may be related to environmental and socioeconomic factors, for example, deforestation leading to increased flooding, and population expansion without improved agricultural techniques, thus putting more people at risk. Eradication of diseases related to these factors is difficult. Whether wild animals have a role in transmission is an important question that, to date, has been virtually unexplored. To address this question, surveys of wild animals are urgently required in those areas in which Buruli ulcer is endemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Portaels
- Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium
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Chemlal K, Caby I, Memain N, Aubert D, Bruneel F. [Streptococcus intermedius Lemierre syndrome: an unusual association]. Presse Med 2000; 29:1601-2. [PMID: 11072359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lemierre's syndrome is a potentially severe though uncommon entity consisting in septic emboli from an internal jugular vein thrombus after oropharyngeal infection. CASE REPORT A 21-year-old man initially treated for acute pharnygeal infection developed fever and lower chest pain related to multiple pulmonary abscesses. The diagnosis of Lemierre's syndrome was retained due to the association of extensive thrombus formation in the internal jugular vein and Streptococcus intermedius septicemia. DISCUSSION Lemierre's syndrome is a classical entity whose frequency is probably underestimated. The causal agent is not always an anaerobic germ. Use of anticoagulants is controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Service de Médecine interne, Hôpital Max Fourestier, Nanterre.
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Huys G, Rigouts L, Chemlal K, Portaels F, Swings J. Evaluation of amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis for inter- and intraspecific differentiation of Mycobacterium bovis, M. tuberculosis, and M. ulcerans. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:3675-80. [PMID: 11015382 PMCID: PMC87455 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.10.3675-3680.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The usefulness of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was evaluated for the discrimination of Mycobacterium bovis (17 strains), M. tuberculosis (15 strains), and M. ulcerans (12 strains) at the inter- and intraspecific level. The AFLP technique is a whole-genome coverage genotypic fingerprinting method based on the selective PCR amplification of modified restriction fragments obtained through a double enzymatic digest and subsequent ligation of double-stranded restriction site-specific adapter oligonucleotides. Selective amplification of ApaI/TaqI templates with primer combination A02-T02 (both having an additional C at their 3' end) generated autoradiographic AFLP fingerprints that were grouped by numerical analysis in two main AFLP clusters allowing clear separation of M. ulcerans (cluster I) from the M. tuberculosis complex members M. bovis and M. tuberculosis (cluster II). Calculation of similarities using the band-based Dice correlation coefficient instead of the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient revealed a further subgrouping in cluster II. The two resulting subclusters corresponded with the phenotypic identity of M. bovis and M. tuberculosis, respectively, and could also be visually identified by two AFLP marker bands. Because of the relatively low degree of genotypic variation among the AFLP band patterns of the latter two taxa, no correlation could be found with previously reported molecular typing data or with geographical origin. The use of primer combination A02-T01 (the latter having an A as selective base) did not increase the resolving power within the M. tuberculosis complex but resulted in a visual subgrouping of the M. ulcerans strains that was not observed with primer combination A02-T02. Based on the presence or absence of a single AFLP marker band, the M. ulcerans isolates could be unambiguously classified in two continental types corresponding with the African and Australian origin of the strains, respectively. In conclusion, the radioactive AFLP method proved to be a reproducible and reliable taxonomic tool for the differentiation of the three mycobacterial species under study and also demonstrated its potential use for typing of M. ulcerans strains when employing multiple primer combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Huys
- Laboratory of Microbiology, University Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Chemlal K, Nochy D, Kenouch S, Joly V, Carbon C. Dramatic improvement of renal dysfunction in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected woman treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2000; 31:805-6. [PMID: 11017834 DOI: 10.1086/314033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a single case documenting substantial improvement in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated, biopsy-proven nephropathy after introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Our case report joins several others recording improvement or stabilization in the course of nephropathy following better control of HIV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France.
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Gomez A, Mve-Obiang A, Vray B, Remacle J, Chemlal K, Meyers WM, Portaels F, Fonteyne PA. Biochemical and genetic evidence for phospholipase C activity in Mycobacterium ulcerans. Infect Immun 2000; 68:2995-7. [PMID: 10769001 PMCID: PMC97516 DOI: 10.1128/iai.68.5.2995-2997.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the existence of phospholipase C and D enzymatic activities in Mycobacterium ulcerans cultures as determined by use of thin-layer chromatography to detect diglycerides in hydrolysates of radiolabeled phosphatidylcholine. M. ulcerans DNA sequences homologous to the genes encoding phospholipase C in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified by sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization. Whether or not the phospholipase C and D enzymes of M. ulcerans plays a role in the pathogenesis of the disease needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gomez
- Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium.
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Grange MJ, Andrieu V, Chemlal K. Richter's syndrome in a patient with B prolymphocytic leukemia. Haematologica 1999; 84:461-641. [PMID: 10329926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M J Grange
- Department of Hematology, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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Abstract
Liver involvement in multiple myeloma (MM) has been reported very rarely in living patients. Here we describe a rare case in whom investigation of liver nodules by biopsy, revealed MM. The Role of cytadhesin molecules in the spread of plasma cell neoplasia is discussed and a review of the Literature is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Internal Medecine, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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Ruel M, Chemlal K, Melchior JC. [Lipodystrophy in a patient treated with stavudine and didanosine]. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1999; 150:269-71. [PMID: 10445099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ruel
- Service de Médecine Interne et Rhumatologie, Hôpital Max-Fourestier, Nanterre
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Chemlal K, Carbon C. [Fever after returning from a tropical country]. Rev Infirm 1999:23-7. [PMID: 10532063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Service de médecine interne, hôpital Bichat, Paris
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Chemlal K, Andrieu V, Sobhani I, Grange MJ, Fantin B. [Undetectable haptoglobin: a cause not to be forgotten]. Presse Med 1998; 27:1432. [PMID: 9793041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Chemlal K, Grange MJ, Carbon C. Photo quiz. II. Disseminated histoplasmosis. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26:1321, 1447. [PMID: 9636855 DOI: 10.1086/516345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France
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23
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Soufir N, Descamps V, Chemlal K, Crickx B, Carbon C, Belaich S. [Superior vena cava thrombosis manifesting as vasomotor facial flushes]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 1998; 125:191-2. [PMID: 9747247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first sign in the reported case of superior vena cava thrombosis secondary to a pacemaker lead, was exceptional: facial flush. CASE REPORT A 52-year-old woman had a pacemaker for 10 years for rhythm disorders. She developed facial flush triggered by exercise and anteflexion. The clinical examination revealed collateral thoracic circulation, suggesting thrombosis of the superior vena cava which was confirmed by the angiocavogram. DISCUSSION Vasomotor flush is an uncommon and misleading initial sign of superior vena cava thrombosis. Induction by exercise and anteflexion is characteristic. Due to the increasing number of implanted patients, clinicians should be aware that pacemaker leads are an uncommon cause of superior vena cava thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Soufir
- Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Bichat Claude Bernard, Paris
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24
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Chemlal K, Andrieu-Bautru V, Couvelard A. Hemophagocytic syndrome during Histoplasma capsulatum infection. Haematologica 1997; 82:726. [PMID: 9499676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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25
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Launay O, Chemlal K, Andrieu V, Carbon C. Severe reversible reticulocytopenic anemia associated with quinupristin/dalfopristin RP59500 therapy. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 25:156. [PMID: 9243054 DOI: 10.1086/516890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- O Launay
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Paris, France
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26
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Chemlal K, Andrieu-Beautru V, Grange MJ. An unexpected diagnosis. Haematologica 1997; 82:503. [PMID: 9299871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
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27
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Chemlal K, Couvelard A, Grange MJ, Chameau C, Marmuse JP, Launay O, Carbon C. Localisations nodulaires hépatiques de myélome multiple. Rev Med Interne 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80439-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Chemlal K, Couvelard A, Launay O, Marmuse JP, Diebold J, Carbon C. Pseudo-tumeur inflammatoire hépatique: un diagnostic difficile. Rev Med Interne 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80039-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Launay O, Belmatoug N, Mion M, Chemlal K, Carbon C. Hypertension artérielle pulmonaire au cours d’une maladie de Gaucher traitée par enzyme de remplacement. Rev Med Interne 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Chemlal K, Belmatoug N, Launay O, Yéni P. [Transient Sjögren syndrome with pancreatic involvement]. Rev Med Interne 1997; 18:492-3. [PMID: 9247053 DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80625-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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31
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Chemlal K, Launay O, Carbon C. [Chlamydia pneumoniae infection: an uncommon cause of rhabdomyolysis]. Presse Med 1996; 25:2049. [PMID: 9082389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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32
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Chemlal K, Trouillet JL, Carbon C, Yeni P. Vertebral osteomyelitis and meningitis due to a penicillin-resistant pneumococcal strain. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1996; 15:893-5. [PMID: 8997568 DOI: 10.1007/bf01691227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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33
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Chemlal K, Grange MJ, Yeni P. Erythroid blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 1996; 81:378. [PMID: 8870386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France
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34
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Chemlal K, Delmas V, Toublanc M, Carbon C, Yeni P. Toxoplasmosis localized to the bladder is diagnostic of human immunodeficiency virus infection: case report. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 22:740-1. [PMID: 8729236 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/22.4.740a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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35
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Chemlal K, Joly V, Launay O, Laissy J, Yéni P. Spondylodiscite à Candida; une complication rare des candidémies. Rev Med Interne 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(97)80989-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Chemlal K, Saint-Julien L, Joly V, Farinotti R, Seta N, Yeni P, Carbon C. Comparison of fluconazole and amphotericin B for treatment of experimental Candida albicans endocarditis in rabbits. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40:263-6. [PMID: 8787921 PMCID: PMC163098 DOI: 10.1128/aac.40.1.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphotericin B (AmB) and fluconazole, administered intraperitoneally for 7 days, were compared in a rabbit model for Candida albicans endocarditis. When given early, AmB was more effective than fluconazole for reducing CFU counts in vegetations (P < 0.01) and kidneys. Forty-eight hours after the last dose, AmB was still detected in all vegetations whereas fluconazole was detected in only one case.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Unité 13, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France
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37
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Abstract
We describe a primitive hyperparathyroid in a old woman due to a parathyroid adenoma localized by Technetium 99m, Thallium 201 scintigraphy within the thyroid gland. During surgery, this adenoma was found inside a thyroid adenoma. It is the second case reported on the literature in a such localization. We underline the interest of the scintigraphy Technetium 99m, Thallium 201, for the detection of ectopic parathyroid adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Chemlal
- Service de médecine interne, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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38
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Chapelon-Abric C, Chemlal K, Leblond V, Sergent J, Godeau P. [Reversible acute left ventricular insufficiency induced by interferon]. Rev Med Interne 1994; 15:857. [PMID: 7863127 DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(05)82849-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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39
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Abstract
Endothelin is a recently isolated 21 amino acid peptide with vasoconstrictor activity. It seems to be part of the "hormonal" production by the vascular endothelium and might play a key role in the regulation of vasomotricity. The principal property of endothelin is that it induces an intense and prolonged arterial and venous contraction. Endothelin is secreted by endothelial cells under the influence of various stimuli (thrombin, adrenaline, shearing stress, hypoxia, etc.), then binds to specific membrane receptors thereby increasing the intracellular free calcium concentration. Endothelin has many other vascular and extravascular properties: it has positive inotropic and chronotropic effects, increases renal vascular resistances and reduces the glomerular filtration rate, contracts bronchial and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, induces proliferation of the vascular smooth muscle cells as well as that of fibroblasts and glomerular mesangial cells. Compared with experimental data in animals, human data are still scantly. Plasma endothelin concentration rises in acute renal failure and in chronic renal failure treated by dialysis, diabetes mellitus, essential arterial hypertension, pre-eclampsia and asthma. The development of specific antagonists and endothelin in synthesis inhibitors should soon enable us to specify the modes of regulation of endothelin production before considering applications to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cacoub
- Service de Médecine Interne, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris
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40
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Lhote F, Cohen P, Chemlal K, Jarrousse B, Guillevin L. [Pleural manifestations in periarteritis nodosa, Wegener's disease and systemic lupus erythematosus]. Ann Med Interne (Paris) 1992; 143:228-32. [PMID: 1359823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Lhote
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Avicenne, Bobigny
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