Methylation Status of CDH1 Gene in Gastric Biopsy Specimens and Its Association with H. Pylori Infection

BACKGROUND

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) have been accepted as having an etiologic role in gastro-duodenal diseases as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. Methylation of CGI has been correlated with the tumorigenic process since it can inactivate tumor suppressor genes. CDH1 is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes the E-cadherin protein, which is preserving cell-cell connections. Early stages of gastric carcinogenesis may be affected by the promoter methylation-mediated inactivation of this gene.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the methylation status of CDH1 using Methylation-Specific PCR (MSP) technique in clinical suspected patients with H. pylori infection who undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and correlated it with H. pylori detection by glmM PCR test.

METHODS

Fifty gastric mucosal biopsies were selected from one hundred and five samples included in this study. The detection of H. pylori was performed with the PCR primers specific to glmM gene. Bisulfite modification was done and the methylation status of the CDH1 gene was detected using MSP reaction.

RESULTS

H. pylori was detected in 36% (18/50) of study population using glmM gene PCR test, 89% (16/18) of H. pylori positive cases were CDH1 methylated  positive (chi-square, p-value=0.002). CDH1 methylation can be present in cancerous and noncancerous gastric mucosa, where 60% (18/30) of CDH1 methylation positive gastric mucosa showed gastritis as an endoscopy finding and gastric cancer in 6% (2/30). There was a significant correlation between and CDH1 methylation positive results and age group (P-value = 0.02). There was no significant correlation between CDH1 methylation positive results and participants gender (p-value=0.431) and clinical symptoms (all P-value > 0.05).

CONCLUSION

This work suggested strong significance association between H. pylori infection and CDH1 methylation.

Assessment of Red Cell Distribution Width among Sudanese Patients with Hypothyroidism.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2518318/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

Background: Thyroid dysfunction has a strong linkage with anemia. RDW was traditionally regarded as a part of routine evaluation of anemia Elevated RDW level was significantly associated with subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism. Objectives: The aim of this is study to assess the Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV and RDW-SD) in patients with hypothyroidism. Methodology: This is a case-control laboratory-based study conducted among 50 patients with hypothyroidism as cases (38.50 ± 10.46 years; 36% males and 64% females) and 50 normal healthy individuals as controls (35.52 ± 11.64 years; 46% males and 54% females) in National Cancer Institute – University of Gezira (NCI-UG), Gezira State, Sudan from January to October 2020. Three ml of venous blood sample was collected in an EDTA container. Red cell parameters (RBC count, MCV, RDW-CV, and RDW-SD) were measured using Sysmex XP 300 Cell Counter. SPSS computer program (v 22.0) was used for data analysis. Results: The average RDW (SD and CV) of cases were higher than controls (P value = 0.000, 0.000 respectively). There was a significant difference in RDW-CV between mild and severe hypothyroidism (P value = 0.040). RDW-SD and RDW-CV had significant positive correlation within TSH (r = 0.361, P value = 0.000; r = 0.407, P value = 0.000 respectively) and significant negative correlation within T3 (r = - 0.419, P value = 0.000; r = - 0.507, P value = 0.000 respectively) and T4 (r = - 0.406, P value = 0.000; r = - 0.506, P value = 0.000 respectively). Conclusion: The study concluded that RDW was significantly higher in patients with hypothyroidism and had a significant positive correlation with TSH and a significant negative correlation within T3 and T4. So, RDW may be used as a significant clinical marker of hypothyroidism.

Red Cell Alloimmunization in Repeatedly Transfused Sudanese Patients with leukemia in Northern Sudan

BACKGROUND

Leukemia frequently causes anemia; thus patients need products containing normal blood or RBCs for treatment. Anti-red blood cell alloantibody formation is still a critical challenge in transfusion.

OBJECTIVES

The current study aimed to investigate RBC alloantibodies in Sudanese leukemia patients who receive multiple blood transfusions at the cancer center in Dongola and Maroyee, Northern Sudan.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

At the Northern State oncology center in Dongola and Maroyee, Sudan, an across-sectional descriptive study design was used. In this study, 100 leukemic patients who had received blood transfusions three times or more were enrolled. From each participant, Peripheral blood was drawn in amounts of 3 ml in EDTA vacutainer tubes for ABO blood group and Rh factor testing and 3 ml in non-additive containers for antibody screening and Alloantibody identification. All individuals' ABO blood groups and Rh factors were determined using the slide method. Indirect Coombs test apply to detect alloantibodies by Polly Specific antihuman globulin reagents using tube method techniques. Alloantibody identification was performed by DiaMed-ID microtyping system.

RESULTS

Incidence of alloimmunization was 11%, with 11 alloantibodies found in 11 patients. The most common alloantibody was kell (36.4%), followed by Lea (27.2%; 3/11), then P (18.2%; 2/11) and M (18.2%; 2/11).

CONCLUSION

Anti kell antibody was the most prevalent alloantibody among leukemic patients with multiple transfusions.

Prevalence of Anemia among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan (2020)

Background: Anemia is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus, and their risk in diabetic patients is estimated to be 2 – 3 times higher than that of patients without diabetes. Therefore, having a major impact on the overall health and survival of diabetes patients. Globally, the prevalence of concurrent anemia and diabetes mellitus ranges from 14 – 45% in various ethnic populations worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia among type II diabetic patients. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional laboratory-based study conducted in Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan during March to December 2020 among 100 type II diabetic patients ((32 males and 68 females) their ages ranged between 30 and 90 years with mean (52.26 ± 13.58 years). Three ml of venous blood samples were collected from all participants in K3EDTA containers. A thin blood film was prepared and stained immediately. The RBCs parameters were performed using Sysmex XP-300 Automated Hematology Analyzer. SPSS computer program (v 25.0) was used for data analysis. Results: The study results showed that the prevalence of anemia among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were 7 (7 %). 6 (85.7 %) patients had mild anemia, and one (14.3 %) had moderate anemia according to clinical degree of anemia based on hemoglobin level. 4 (57.14 %) patients had microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 2 (28.57 %) patients had normocytic normochromic anemia and one (14.29 %) patients had macrocytic anemia based on RBCs indices and morphology. The prevalence of anemia is more in female (7.35 %) than male (6.25 %). Conclusion: The study concluded that anemia among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus was 7 %, mostly mild and microcytic hypochromic anemia; so improve their nutrition status among diabetic patients may help in reducing the anima during diabetes.

Anemia and It's Risk Factors among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan (2020).. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723846/v2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

Background: Anemia is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus, and their risk in diabetic patients is estimated to be 2 – 3 times higher than that of patients without diabetes. Therefore, having a major impact on the overall health and survival of diabetes patients. Globally, the prevalence of concurrent anemia and diabetes mellitus ranges from 14 – 45% in various ethnic populations worldwide. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia among type II diabetic patients.Methodology: This is a cross-sectional laboratory-based study conducted in Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan during March to December 2020 among 100 type II diabetic patients ((32 males and 68 females) their ages ranged between 30 and 90 years with mean (52.26 ± 13.58 years). Three ml of venous blood samples were collected from all participants in K3EDTA containers. A thin blood film was prepared and stained immediately. The RBCs parameters were performed using Sysmex XP-300 Automated Hematology Analyzer. SPSS computer program (v 25.0) was used for data analysis. Results: The study results showed that the prevalence of anemia among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were 7 (7 %). 6 (85.7 %) patients had mild anemia, and one (14.3 %) had moderate anemia according to clinical degree of anemia based on hemoglobin level. 4 (57.14 %) patients had microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 2 (28.57 %) patients had normocytic normochromic anemia and one (14.29 %) patients had macrocytic anemia based on RBCs indices and morphology. The prevalence of anemia is more in female (7.35 %) than male (6.25 %). Conclusion: The study concluded that anemia among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus was 7 %, mostly mild and microcytic hypochromic anemia; so improve their nutrition status among diabetic patients may help in reducing the anima during diabetes.

Anemia and It's Risk Factors among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan (2020).. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1723846/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

BackgroundAnemia is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus, and their risk in diabetic patients is estimated to be 2–3 times higher than that of patients without diabetes. Therefore, having a major impact on the overall health and survival of diabetes patients. Globally, the prevalence of concurrent anemia and diabetes mellitus ranges from 14–45% in various ethnic populations worldwide.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of anemia among type II diabetic patients.MethodologyThis is a cross-sectional laboratory-based study conducted in Alkhair Medical Center, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan during March to December 2020 among 100 type II diabetic patients ((32 males and 68 females) their ages ranged between 30 and 90 years with mean (52.26 ± 13.58 years). Three ml of venous blood samples were collected from all participants in K3EDTA containers. A thin blood film was prepared and stained immediately. The RBCs parameters were performed using Sysmex XP-300 Automated Hematology Analyzer. SPSS computer program (v 25.0) was used for data analysis.ResultsThe study results showed that the prevalence of anemia among patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were 7 (7%). 6 (85.7%) patients had mild anemia, and one (14.3%) had moderate anemia according to clinical degree of anemia based on hemoglobin level. 4 (57.14%) patients had microcytic hypochromic anemia, and 2 (28.57%) patients had normocytic normochromic anemia and one (14.29%) patients had macrocytic anemia based on RBCs indices and morphology. The prevalence of anemia is more in female (7.35%) than male (6.25%).ConclusionThe study concluded that anemia among patients with type II Diabetes Mellitus was 7%, mostly mild and microcytic hypochromic anemia; so improve their nutrition status among diabetic patients may help in reducing the anima during diabetes.

Assessment of coagulation profiles among sudanese psychiatric patients under antipsychotic drugs attending Hassan Allob Mental Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan (2020)

Background: Psychiatric disorder is a mental illness diagnosed by a mental health professional that greatly disorders thinking. A psychotropic drug is a chemical substance that crosses the blood brain barrier (BBB) and acts primarily upon the central nervous system (CNS), where it affects brain function, resulting in change in perception, mood, consciousness, cognition, and behavior.  It causes changes in platelet function, plasma coagulation, or fibrinolysis seemed more likely to be responsible for the increase in thrombotic events. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the coagulation profiles [Prothrombin Time (PT), International Normalize Ratio (INR), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)] in psychiatric patients under antipsychotic drug administration. Methodology: This is a case-control hospital-based study carried out in Hassan Allob Mental Hospital, Gezira State, Sudan from January to September 2020. A total of 50 psychiatric patients under antipsychotic drug administration as cases (35.52 ± 11.64 years) and 50 normal healthy individuals as controls (32.68 ± 4.85 years) participated in this study. Two ml of venous blood samples were collected from all participants in trisodium citrate container. Coagulation profiles (PT, INR, and APTT) were measured using a Coatron M4 coagulometer. SPSS computer program (v 22.0) was used for data analysis.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Asmara, Eritrea: Preliminary Report.. [DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-515399/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0]

Background The majority of human infections with Toxoplasma produce no symptoms, but in congenitally infected children can cause devastating effects including eye blindness, brain damage, or miscarriage. Transmission to the fetus occurs predominantly in women who acquire their primary infection during gestation. Objective The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii among pregnant women attending Antenatal Care (ANC) in different sites of Asmara, Eritrea, and to identify possible risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection among pregnant women attending the antenatal center. Methods The study has followed a cross-sectional laboratory-based survey. The data were collected from 210 pregnant women in four health facilities. Voluntary sampling technique and a structured questionnaire were used to collect associate factors and socio-demographic information. Cobas e411 clinical chemistry Analyzers was used to test the blood serum for IgG and IgM antibodies. Epi-Info (V 7.0) was used for data entry and SPSS (V 20.0) was used for data analysis. Results From the 210 samples, 53.6% (112) samples were seropositive and 46.4% (97) samples were seronegative for toxoplasma specific IgG antibody. Furthermore, 2.9% (6) samples were seropositive and 97.1% (203) samples were seronegative for toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies. Conclusion The seroprevalence was considerably high, 53.6% IgG antibody and 2.9% IgM antibody which requests attention, in order to introduce preventive control measures, screening tests, and health education.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Asmara, Eritrea: Preliminary Report

Introduction: The majority of human infections with Toxoplasmagondii produce no symptoms, but in congenitally infected children can cause devastating effects including blindness, brain damage, or miscarriage. Transmission to the fetus occurs predominantly in women who acquire their primary infection during gestation. The study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) in different areas of Asmara, Eritrea, and to identify possible risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis among pregnant women attending the ANC centers. Methods: In this cross-sectional laboratory-based study, the data were collected from 210 pregnant women in four health facilities. Voluntary sampling technique and a structured questionnaire were used to collect the associated data and socio-demographic information. Cobas e411 Analyzer was used to test the blood serum for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. Epi-Info version 7.0 was used for data entry and SPSS version 20.0 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the 210 samples, 112 (53.6%) samples were seropositive and 97 (46.4%) samples were seronegative for T. gondii specific IgG antibody. Furthermore, 2.9% (6) of the samples were seropositive and 97.1% (203) of the samples were seronegative for T. gondii-specific IgM antibodies. Conclusion: The seroprevalence was considerably high, 53.6% for IgG antibody and 2.9% for IgM antibody, which require attention in order to implement preventive control measures, screening tests, and health education.