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Tsukamoto R, Ihara H, Takase M, Shimazu A, Takei M, Miura H, Sakamoto K, Namekata K. Immunotherapy against esophageal primary amelanotic malignant melanoma relapse. J Surg Case Rep 2021; 2021:rjab393. [PMID: 34659737 PMCID: PMC8514264 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjab393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant tumor derived from melanocytes. Esophageal melanomas occur infrequently, especially primary amelanotic malignant melanoma of the esophagus (PAMME), which is extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a 74-year-old man with an esophageal amelanotic melanoma on the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) found on esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Radical surgery for the tumor at the EGJ was performed with total gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection. Diagnosis of PAMME was confirmed postoperatively by immunohistochemical staining. Four months after the surgery, abdominal computed tomography revealed multiple liver metastases. The patient received seven cycles of nivolumab monotherapy and two subsequent cycles of nivolumab and ipilimumab, and these metastases diminished. Recently, new therapeutic agents including immunotherapy have been developed for malignant melanoma and these agents have the potential of improving the prognosis of PAMME. Here, we present new insights into the diagnosis and therapeutic methods that can be used against primary esophageal melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Tsukamoto
- Department of Coloproctological Surgery, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Takase
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ai Shimazu
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takei
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Miura
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sakamoto
- Department of Coloproctological Surgery, Juntendo University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Namekata
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Saitama, Japan
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Harada T, Namekata K, Guo X, Kimura A, Harada C. TrkB signaling in Müller glia stimulates neuroprotection after optic nerve injury. Acta Ophthalmol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2015.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Harada
- Visual Research Project; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo Japan
| | - K. Namekata
- Visual Research Project; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo Japan
| | - X. Guo
- Visual Research Project; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo Japan
| | - A. Kimura
- Visual Research Project; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo Japan
| | - C. Harada
- Visual Research Project; Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science; Tokyo Japan
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Noro T, Namekata K, Kimura A, Guo X, Azuchi Y, Harada C, Nakano T, Tsuneoka H, Harada T. Spermidine promotes retinal ganglion cell survival and optic nerve regeneration in adult mice following optic nerve injury. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1720. [PMID: 25880087 PMCID: PMC4650557 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Spermidine acts as an endogenous free radical scavenger and inhibits the action of reactive oxygen species. In this study, we examined the effects of spermidine on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in a mouse model of optic nerve injury (ONI). Daily ingestion of spermidine reduced RGC death following ONI and sequential in vivo retinal imaging revealed that spermidine effectively prevented retinal degeneration. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1) is an evolutionarily conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase and has an important role in ONI-induced RGC apoptosis. We demonstrated that spermidine suppresses ONI-induced activation of the ASK1-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Moreover, production of chemokines important for microglia recruitment was decreased with spermidine treatment and, consequently, accumulation of retinal microglia is reduced. In addition, the ONI-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the retina was inhibited with spermidine treatment, particularly in microglia. Furthermore, daily spermidine intake enhanced optic nerve regeneration in vivo. Our findings indicate that spermidine stimulates neuroprotection as well as neuroregeneration, and may be useful for treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases including glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Noro
- 1] Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan [2] Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Namekata
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kimura
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - X Guo
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Azuchi
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Harada
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Tsuneoka
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Harada
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Kamiyama H, Shimazu A, Makino Y, Ichikawa R, Hobo T, Arima S, Nohara S, Sugiyama Y, Okumura M, Takei M, Miura H, Namekata K, Tsumura H, Okada M, Takase M, Matsumoto F. Report of a case: Retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with rapid progression. Int J Surg Case Rep 2015; 10:228-31. [PMID: 25884614 PMCID: PMC4430186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retroperitoneal mucinous cystic neoplasms are uncommon, and little is known about the etiology of the disease. Malignant forms of these are extremely rare. Here, we report a case of primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PRMC), which demonstrated unexpectedly aggressive progression despite finding only a limited area of adenocarcinoma. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 62-year-old woman with a complaint of abdominal discomfort was admitted to the hospital. Abdominal CT and MRI showed multiple large retroperitoneal cysts dislocating the right kidney nearly to the center of the abdomen. Transabdominal resection of the cysts was performed. Those cysts contained 1100ml of mucinous fluids in total. Cytological examination of those fluids revealed no malignant cells. The cyst wall was lined with mucinous epithelial cells, and contained some ovarian-type stroma. Also, there was a focal area of adenocarcinoma in the cyst wall, and the lesion was diagnosed as primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma. Eight months later, the patient developed lumbar bone metastasis. Chemotherapy with S-1, an oral fluoropyrimidine, and docetaxel had been begun immediately; however, the disease had rapidly spread in the retroperitoneum. Eventually, the patient died of the disease 15 months after surgery. DISCUSSION Retroperitoneal mucinous cystic neoplasms are considered to be metaplasia of embryonal coelomic epithelium. Complete excision without rupture is essential. However, variance of biological aggressiveness might exist in PRMCs. CONCLUSION Retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma is a rare tumor, and it is urgently necessary to elucidate the etiology of an effective therapy for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohiko Kamiyama
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan.
| | - Ai Shimazu
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Yurika Makino
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ichikawa
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hobo
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Shuei Arima
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeo Nohara
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Yuji Sugiyama
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Masafumi Okumura
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takei
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Miura
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Koji Namekata
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tsumura
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Motoi Okada
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Masaru Takase
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Higashikoshigaya 10-47-1, Koshigayashi, Saitama 343-8577, Japan
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Tashiro Y, Matsumoto F, Iwama K, Shimazu A, Matsumori S, Nohara S, Miura H, Takei M, Namekata K, Takase M, Okada M, Tsumura H. Laparoscopic resection of schwannoma of the ascending colon. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2015; 9:15-9. [PMID: 25759634 PMCID: PMC4327572 DOI: 10.1159/000373882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Schwannomas of the colon are rare and difficult to diagnose preoperatively. We report a case of schwannoma of the ascending colon that was resected laparoscopically. A 64-year-old woman was referred to our hospital by her local clinic for further evaluation and management of a submucosal tumor of the ascending colon. A definitive preoperative diagnosis could not be reached despite examinations. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leiomyoma and lymphoma were the differential diagnoses. We performed a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with D2 lymph node dissection. Histological findings with hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed spindle-like tumor cells, and immunohistochemical analysis showed that the tumor was positive for S-100 but negative for c-kit, CD34, smooth muscle actin and desmin, with a Ki-67 index of <5%. Thus, the diagnosis in this case was benign schwannoma of the ascending colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Tashiro
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Fumio Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Keiko Iwama
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Ai Shimazu
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Sei Matsumori
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Shigeo Nohara
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Miura
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Masahiko Takei
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Koji Namekata
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Masaru Takase
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Motoi Okada
- Department of Pathology, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
| | - Hidenori Tsumura
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya, Japan
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Namekata K, Kimura A, Harada C, Yoshida H, Matsumoto Y, Harada T. Dock3 protects myelin in the cuprizone model for demyelination. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1395. [PMID: 25165881 PMCID: PMC4454328 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dedicator of cytokinesis 3 (Dock3) belongs to an atypical family of the guanine nucleotide exchange factors. It is predominantly expressed in the neural tissues and causes cellular morphological changes by activating the small GTPase Rac1. We previously reported that Dock3 overexpression protects retinal ganglion cells from excitotoxic cell death. Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of axons in the central nervous system and these cells are damaged in demyelinating disorders including multiple sclerosis (MS) and optic neuritis. In this study, we examined if Dock3 is expressed in oligodendrocytes and if increasing Dock3 signals can suppress demyelination in a cuprizone-induced demyelination model, an animal model of MS. We demonstrate that Dock3 is expressed in oligodendrocytes and Dock3 overexpression protects myelin in the corpus callosum following cuprizone treatment. Furthermore, we show that cuprizone demyelinates optic nerves and the extent of demyelination is ameliorated in mice overexpressing Dock3. Cuprizone treatment impairs visual function, which was demonstrated by multifocal electroretinograms, an established non-invasive method, and Dock3 overexpression prevented this effect. In mice overexpressing Dock3, Erk activation is increased, suggesting this may at least partly explain the observed protective effects. Our findings suggest that Dock3 may be a therapeutic target for demyelinating disorders including optic neuritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Namekata
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kimura
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Harada
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yoshida
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Matsumoto
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Harada
- 1] Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan [2] Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Neurological Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Semba K, Namekata K, Kimura A, Harada C, Mitamura Y, Harada T. Brimonidine prevents neurodegeneration in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1341. [PMID: 25032864 PMCID: PMC4123097 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness that is characterized by progressive degeneration of optic nerves and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). In the mammalian retina, excitatory amino-acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) is expressed in neural cells, including RGCs, and the loss of EAAC1 leads to RGC degeneration without elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Brimonidine (BMD) is an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist and it is commonly used in a form of eye drops to lower IOP in glaucoma patients. Recent studies have suggested that BMD has direct protective effects on RGCs involving IOP-independent mechanisms, but it is still controversial. In the present study, we examined the effects of BMD in EAAC1-deficient (KO) mice, an animal model of normal tension glaucoma. BMD caused a small decrease in IOP, but sequential in vivo retinal imaging and electrophysiological analysis revealed that treatment with BMD was highly effective for RGC protection in EAAC1 KO mice. BMD suppressed the phosphorylation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 2B (NR2B) subunit in RGCs in EAAC1 KO mice. Furthermore, in cultured Müller glia, BMD stimulated the production of several neurotrophic factors that enhance RGC survival. These results suggest that, in addition to lowering IOP, BMD prevents glaucomatous retinal degeneration by stimulating multiple pathways including glia–neuron interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Semba
- 1] Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan [2] Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Namekata
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Kimura
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Harada
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Mitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - T Harada
- 1] Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan [2] Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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Semba K, Namekata K, Guo X, Harada C, Harada T, Mitamura Y. Renin-angiotensin system regulates neurodegeneration in a mouse model of normal tension glaucoma. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1333. [PMID: 25032856 PMCID: PMC4123089 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness, is characterized by progressive degeneration of optic nerves and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). In the mammalian retina, excitatory amino acid carrier 1 (EAAC1) is expressed in neural cells, including RGCs, and the loss of EAAC1 leads to RGC degeneration without elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). In the present study, we found that expressions of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-R) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are increased in RGCs and retinal Müller glia in EAAC1-deficient (KO) mice. The orally active AT1-R antagonist candesartan suppressed TLR4 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressions in the EAAC1 KO mouse retina. Sequential in vivo retinal imaging and electrophysiological analysis revealed that treatment with candesartan was effective for RGC protection in EAAC1 KO mice without affecting IOP. In cultured Müller glia, candesartan suppressed LPS-induced iNOS production by inhibiting the TLR4-apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 pathway. These results suggest that the renin–angiotensin system is involved in the innate immune responses in both neural and glial cells, which accelerate neural cell death. Our findings raise intriguing possibilities for the management of glaucoma by utilizing widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of high blood pressure, in combination with conventional treatments to lower IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Semba
- 1] Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan [2] Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - K Namekata
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - X Guo
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Harada
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Harada
- 1] Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan [2] Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Y Mitamura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
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Katome T, Namekata K, Guo X, Semba K, Kittaka D, Kawamura K, Kimura A, Harada C, Ichijo H, Mitamura Y, Harada T. Inhibition of ASK1-p38 pathway prevents neural cell death following optic nerve injury. Cell Death Differ 2012; 20:270-80. [PMID: 22976835 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2012.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic nerve injury (ONI) induces retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and optic nerve atrophy that lead to visual loss. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is an evolutionarily conserved mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase kinase and has an important role in stress-induced RGC apoptosis. In this study, we found that ONI-induced p38 activation and RGC loss were suppressed in ASK1-deficient mice. Sequential in vivo retinal imaging revealed that post-ONI treatment with a p38 inhibitor into the eyeball was effective for RGC protection. ONI-induced monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production in RGCs and microglial accumulation around RGCs were suppressed in ASK1-deficient mice. In addition, the productions of tumor necrosis factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase in microglia were decreased when the ASK1-p38 pathway was blocked. These results suggest that ASK1 activation in both neural and glial cells is involved in neural cell death, and that pharmacological interruption of ASK1-p38 pathways could be beneficial in the treatment of ONI.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Katome
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Kojima Y, Matsumoto F, Mikami Y, Namekata K, Takei M. Metastatic Small Bowel Tumor from Descending Colon Cancer with Extensive Hematogenous or Lymphogenous Spread: Survey of the Japanese Literature. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2010; 4:340-345. [PMID: 21060697 PMCID: PMC2974996 DOI: 10.1159/000320649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 68-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with cancer of the descending colon in July 1994 and underwent partial resection of the colon (type 2, moderately to well differentiated adenocarcinoma, se, ly1, v1, n(-)). In April 1996, she was admitted to a nearby hospital for symptoms of ileus, which improved at the hospital. However, she was referred to our hospital for melena. In blood test, Hb was 8.7 g/dl, showing anemia, and carcinoembryonic antigen level was elevated to 50.7 ng/ml. Abdominal CT and small bowel series showed only mild expansion of the small bowel, suggesting no obvious occlusion. Abdominal surgery was performed in May 1995 for repeated development of ileus symptoms and suspicion of bleeding from the small bowel. Since the findings of the abdominal surgery showed a circular tumor in the lower ileum, partial resection of the small bowel was performed. Histopathological examination showed type 3, moderately to well differentiated adnocarcinoma, se, ly2, v0, n = 1/13. The principal tumor was located within the subserosa and grew up exclusively through the muscularis propria and the submucosa, into the mucous layer. The mucosa remained slightly on the surface layer. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with metastasis of descending colon cancer to the small bowel. Her prognosis was good, and neither metastasis nor redevelopment of the cancer have been confirmed to date, 11 years and 7 months since the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kojima
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital, Koshigaya City, Japan
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Harada C, Namekata K, Guo X, Yoshida H, Mitamura Y, Matsumoto Y, Tanaka K, Ichijo H, Harada T. ASK1 deficiency attenuates neural cell death in GLAST-deficient mice, a model of normal tension glaucoma. Cell Death Differ 2010; 17:1751-9. [DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2010.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Nakamura K, Namekata K, Harada C, Harada T. Intracellular sortilin expression pattern regulates proNGF-induced naturally occurring cell death during development. Cell Death Differ 2007; 14:1552-4. [PMID: 17541425 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4402173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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13
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Mitamura Y, Okumura A, Harada C, Namekata K, Nakamura K, Tashimo A, Ohtsuka K, Harada T. Activator protein-1 in epiretinal membranes of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Diabetologia 2006; 49:209-11. [PMID: 16341687 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-005-0059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Matsumoto K, Yamada Y, Takeda R, Machida M, Namekata K, Mikami Y, Matsumoto F, Tsumura H, Futagawa S. [A case of intestinal Behçet disease with duodenal ulcer perforation]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2001; 98:953-8. [PMID: 11524856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Koshigaya Municipal Hospital
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Namekata K, Takamori S, Kojima K, Beppu T, Futagawa S. Significant changes in the serum levels of IL-6, h-HGF, and type IV collagen 7S during the perioperative period of a hepatectomy: relevance to SIRS. Surg Today 2000; 30:403-9. [PMID: 10819474 DOI: 10.1007/s005950050612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We analyzed the changes in the serum levels of both interleukin-6 (IL-6), human hepatocyte growth factor (h-HGF), and type IV collagen 7S (7S) during the perioperative period of a hepatectomy and evaluated their relationship with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The study subjects consisted of 40 patients who underwent a hepatectomy. In 14 out of 40 patients, postoperative SIRS(+) was observed. Between the SIRS(+) and SIRS(-) cases, there were significant differences in the preoperative values of prothrombin time, hepaplastin test, cholinesterase, and indocyanine green retention at 15 min (P < 0.01). Compared with the SIRS(-) cases, the IL-6, h-HGF, and 7S of the SIRS(+) cases fluctuated in a higher range and remained significantly higher after postoperative day 1 (P < 0.05). Eight out of 14 SIRS(+) patients had postoperative complications. In the 8 SIRS(+) patients with postoperative complications and in the 4 patients in which the SIRS(+) state lasted 3 days or longer, the 7S levels were significantly higher during the perioperative period (P < 0.05). In the SIRS(+) cases, the postoperative levels of IL-6 and h-HGF, as well as pre- and postoperative levels of 7S, were elevated. We therefore consider these levels to be risk factors for complications during the perioperative period of a hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Namekata
- Second Department of Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Kamino K, Nagasaka K, Imagawa M, Yamamoto H, Yoneda H, Ueki A, Kitamura S, Namekata K, Miki T, Ohta S. Deficiency in mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase increases the risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease in the Japanese population. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 273:192-6. [PMID: 10873585 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) deficiency is caused by a mutant allele in the Mongoloids. To examine whether genetic constitutions affecting aldehyde metabolism influence the risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), we performed a case-control study in the Japanese population on the deficiency in ALDH2 caused by the dominant-negative mutant allele of the ALDH2 gene (ALDH2*2). In a comparison of 447 patients with sex, age, and region matched nondemented controls, the genotype frequency carrying the ALDH2*2 allele was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (48.1% vs 37.4%, P = 0.001). Logistic regression analysis indicates that carriage of the ALDH2*2 allele is an independent risk for LOAD of the epsilon4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE-epsilon4) (P = 0.002). Moreover, the odds ratio for LOAD in carriers of the ALDH2*2 allele was almost twice that in noncarriers, irrespective of status with regard to the APOE-epsilon4 allele. Among patients homozygous for the APOE-epsilon4 allele, age at onset of LOAD was significantly lower in those with than without the ALDH2*2 allele. In addition, dosage of the ALDH2*2 allele significantly affected age at onset of patients homozygous for the APOE-epsilon4 allele. These results indicate that the ALDH2 deficiency is a risk for LOAD, synergistically acting with the APOE-epsilon4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kamino
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8533, Japan
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Funato H, Yoshimura M, Kusui K, Tamaoka A, Ishikawa K, Ohkoshi N, Namekata K, Okeda R, Ihara Y. Quantitation of amyloid beta-protein (A beta) in the cortex during aging and in Alzheimer's disease. Am J Pathol 1998; 152:1633-40. [PMID: 9626067 PMCID: PMC1858449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study we sought to learn about when and how amyloid beta-protein (A beta) accumulates in the cortex of normal individuals and about the difference in the A beta accumulation between normal aged and Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains. From consecutive autopsy cases and AD cases, hippocampus CA1 and occipitotemporal cortex T4 were sampled for A beta quantitation by the well characterized two-site enzyme immunoassays (EIAs). There was a strong tendency toward A beta 42 accumulation between the ages of 50 and 70 years in T4 and a little later in CA1. The A beta 42 levels were consistently higher in T4 than those in CA1 in any given case. The levels of A beta 42 in AD brains were significantly higher than those in control brains, and the extent of A beta 42 amino-terminal modification was also much greater in AD brains than that in control brains. Even in cases in which no senile plaques were immunocytochemically detected, EIAs clearly showed that significant amounts of A beta 42 already had accumulated. In contrast to A beta 42, A beta 40 showed no apparent age-dependent accumulation, and its high levels were found to be associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Funato
- Department of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Abstract
Transferrin (Tf), an iron-transporting protein, has many variants, but C1 and C2 variants account for the majority of the population in all races. Since Tf is reported to be immunocytochemically detectable in senile plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we have examined the Tf allele frequency among AD patients. The C2 allele frequency in late-onset AD patients is significantly higher than that in age-matched controls. Unexpectedly, the C2 allele frequency in AD patients homozygous for the ApoE epsilon 4 allele is markedly increased, i.e., it is twice as high as that in the remaining AD patients carrying zero or one copy of the epsilon 4 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Namekata
- Department of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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19
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Abstract
Transferrin (Tf) has many variants, as revealed by isoelectric focusing (IEF). Although these Tf variants have long been thought to arise from the multiple alleles at single Tf locus, amino acid substitution related to the two major variants, Tf C1 and Tf C2, has so far not been reported. We investigated the difference responsible for Tf C1 and Tf C2 variants and identified a single base change in exon 15 of the Tf gene resulting in the phenotypes on IEF. C/T base substitution at codon 570 replaced Pro in Tf C1 with Ser in Tf C2. Based on this nucleotide substitution, we established PCR-based genotyping for the Tf C1 and Tf 2 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Namekata
- Department of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Namekata K, Fujiwara N, Sugo H, Yoshimoto J, Okuyama K, Ohashi K, Kojima K, Fukasawa M, Beppu T, Futagawa S, Wakashima M, Miyake K, Yamanaka M. [A resected case of intrahepatic porto-venous shunt in noncirrhotic liver]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 1996; 93:851-6. [PMID: 8953927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K Namekata
- Second Department of Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine
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