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Tsikopoulos K, Sidiropoulos K. Is there sufficient evidence to support the use of antibiotic holiday just before the second stage of an infected total hip or knee arthroplasty revision surgery? World J Orthop 2024; 15:483-485. [DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v15.i5.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The practice of implementing an antibiotic holiday before the second stage of hip or knee arthroplasty is currently controversial due to limited evidence for this approach, as per the International Consensus Meeting 2018 on Musculoskeletal Infection. A greater understanding of this issue could augment the quality of Alrayes and Sukeik’s mini-review (2023) on diagnosing, managing, and treating periprosthetic knee infections. However, a significant lack of literature exists concerning the optimal duration for the antibiotic holiday, calling for more research before establishing any clinical guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tsikopoulos
- Department of Orthopaedics, Portsmouth Hospitals NHS University Trust, Portsmouth University Hospitals, Portsmouth PO6 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Emergency Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54635, Greece
- Medical School, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
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Koukos C, Kotsapas M, Sidiropoulos K, Traverso A, Bilsel K, Montoya F, Arrigoni P. A Novel Surgical Treatment Management Algorithm for Elbow Posterolateral Rotatory Instability (PLRI) Based on the Common Extensor Origin Integrity. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2411. [PMID: 38673685 PMCID: PMC11051432 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Here, we introduce a comprehensive treatment algorithm for posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) of the elbow, a condition affecting elbow mobility. We outline a diagnostic approach and a novel surgical management plan through the arthroscopic surgeon's point of view. Methods: The central focus of this management approach is the integrity of common extensor origin (CEO). High clinical suspicion must be evident to diagnose PLRI. Special clinical and imaging tests can confirm PLRI but sometimes the final confirmation is established during the arthroscopic treatment. The most appropriate treatment is determined by the degree of CEO integrity. Results: The treatment strategy varies with the CEO's condition: intact or minor tears require arthroscopic lateral collateral ligament imbrication, while extensive tears may need plication reinforced with imbrication or, in cases of retraction, a triceps tendon autograft reconstruction of the lateral ulnar collateral ligament alongside CEO repair. These approaches aim to manage residual instability and are complemented using a tailored rehabilitation protocol to optimize functional outcomes. Conclusion: PLRI is a unique clinical condition and should be treated likewise. This algorithm offers valuable insights for diagnosing and treating PLRI, enhancing therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Koukos
- Medical Center Wuppertal, 42329 Wuppertal, Germany;
- Sports Trauma and Pain Ιnstitute, 54655 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michail Kotsapas
- Orthopaedic Department, General Hospital of Naousa, 59200 Naousa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Medical School of Patras, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Emergency Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, 54635 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Aurélien Traverso
- Orthopaedic Department, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
- ASST Pini-CTO, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Kerem Bilsel
- Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, 34752 Instanbul, Turkey;
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, FulyaAcibadem Hospital, 34349 Instanbul, Turkey
| | - Fredy Montoya
- Sanatorio Aleman Clinic, Universidad de Concepcion, Concepcion 4070386, Chile;
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Sidiropoulos K, Panagopoulos A, Tsikopoulos K, Saridis A, Assimakopoulos SF, Kouzelis A, Vrachnis IN, Givissis P. Septic Tibial Nonunions on Proximal and Distal Metaphysis-A Systematic Narrative Review. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1665. [PMID: 37371760 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infected nonunion of the tibia represents a challenging complication for orthopedic surgeons and poses a major financial burden to healthcare systems. The situation is even more compounded when the nonunion involves the metaphyseal region of long bones, a rare yet demanding complication due to the poor healing potential of infected cancellous bone; this is in addition to the increased likelihood of contamination of adjacent joints. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent and level of evidence in relation to (1) available treatment options for the management of septic tibial metaphyseal nonunions; (2) success rates and bone healing following treatment application; and (3) functional results after intervention. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases for prospective and retrospective studies through to 25 January 2021. Human-only studies exploring the efficacy of various treatment options and their results in the setting of septic, quiescent, and metaphyseal (distal or proximal) tibia nonunions in the adult population were included. For infection diagnosis, we accepted definitions provided by the authors of source studies. Of note, clinical heterogeneity rendered data pooling inappropriate. RESULTS In terms of the species implicated in septic tibial nonunions, staphylococcus aureus was found to be the most commonly isolated microorganism. Many authors implemented the Ilizarov external fixation device with a mean duration of treatment greater than one year. Exceptional or good bone and functional results were recorded in over 80% of patients, although the literature is scarce and possible losses of the follow-up were not recorded. CONCLUSION A demanding orthopedic condition that is scarcely studied is infected metaphyseal tibial nonunion. External fixation seems promising, but further research is needed. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO No. CRD42020205781.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alkis Saridis
- General Hospital of Drama, Orthopaedic Department, 66100 Drama, Greece
| | - Stelios F Assimakopoulos
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine-Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Antonis Kouzelis
- Patras University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis N Vrachnis
- Patras University Hospital, Orthopaedic Department, 26504 Patras, Greece
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Wei Y, Selvaraj B, Patwari M, Li Q, Xu M, Sidiropoulos K, Zhang Z, Fedden L, Madabhushi A, Khorrami M, Viswanathan VS, Gupta A. Abstract 5427: Improving non-small cell lung cancer segmentation on a challenging dataset. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
When applied to different datasets, performance of the same deep learning tumor segmentation model can greatly vary. In a non-small cell lung cancer CT scan segmentation study that consists of two datasets, we found that the SwinUNETR model achieves state-of-the-art DICE score on a public dataset NSCLC but performs badly on a private dataset of curated data collected clinically. This performance variation reduces the applicability of such models. To mitigate this gap, through experimentation, we identified a set of techniques and applied them in the following order: (1) normalize a dataset to reduce differences between images. (2) stratify a dataset according to tumor sizes to form a more diverse training set. (3) isolate the lung area before training to help the model focus on the right area. (4) before training, initialize models with self-supervised pre-training weights (5) use a new loss function to give more weights on the cancerous area (6) after a model is trained, perform 3-axis test time flipping augmentation and ensemble the final predictions. In our experiments, our set of techniques improved the test DICE score for both datasets we tested on, where the best improvement was a 53% improvement from 0.32 to 0.49 DICE score.
Citation Format: Yi Wei, Balaji Selvaraj, Mayank Patwari, Qin Li, Meng Xu, Konstantinos Sidiropoulos, Zhenning Zhang, Leon Fedden, Anant Madabhushi, Mohammadhadi Khorrami, Vidya Sankar Viswanathan, Amit Gupta. Improving non-small cell lung cancer segmentation on a challenging dataset. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5427.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- 1AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Qin Li
- 3AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA
| | - Meng Xu
- 4AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD
| | | | | | | | - Anant Madabhushi
- 5Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University and Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA
| | | | | | - Amit Gupta
- 7University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
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Sidiropoulos K, Christofilos SI, Tsikopoulos K, Kitridis D, Drago L, Meroni G, Romanò CL, Kavarthapu V. Viral infections in orthopedics: A systematic review and classification proposal. World J Orthop 2022; 13:1015-1028. [PMID: 36439372 PMCID: PMC9685635 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v13.i11.1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the impact of microbial infections on orthopedic clinical outcomes is well recognized, the influence of viral infections on the musculoskeletal system might have been underestimated.
AIM To systematically review the available evidence on risk factors and musculoskeletal manifestations following viral infections and to propose a pertinent classification scheme.
METHODS We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), the Reference Citation Analysis (RCA), and Scopus for completed studies published before January 30, 2021, to evaluate risk factors and bone and joint manifestations of viral infection in animal models and patient registries. Quality assessment was performed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies, Moga score for case series, Wylde score for registry studies, and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case-control studies.
RESULTS Six human and four animal studies were eligible for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis. Hepatitis C virus was implicated in several peri- and post-operative complications in patients without cirrhosis after major orthopedic surgery. Herpes virus may affect the integrity of lumbar discs, whereas Ross River and Chikungunya viruses provoke viral arthritis and bone loss.
CONCLUSION Evidence of moderate strength suggested that viruses can cause moderate to severe arthritis and osteitis. Risk factors such as pre-existing rheumatologic disease contributed to higher disease severity and duration of symptoms. Therefore, based on our literature search, the proposed clinical and pathogenetic classification scheme is as follows: (1) Viral infections of bone or joint; (2) Active bone and joint inflammatory diseases secondary to viral infections in other organs or tissues; and (3) Viral infection as a risk factor for post-surgical bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Savvas Ilias Christofilos
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- the First Department of Orthopaedics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health and Microbiome, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Gabriele Meroni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, One Health Unit, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Carlo Luca Romanò
- Gruppo di Studio SIOT Infezioni-Clinica San Gaudenzio-Novara-Gruppo Policlinico di Monza, University of Milan, Milan 20100, Italy
| | - Venu Kavarthapu
- Trauma, and Orthopaedics, Kings College Hospital London, Denmark Hill, London SE59RS, United Kingdom
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Sidiropoulos K, Tsikopoulos K. Comment on Oldrini et al. PHILOS Synthesis for Proximal Humerus Fractures Has High Complications and Reintervention Rates: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Life 2022, 12, 311. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12081281. [PMID: 36013460 PMCID: PMC9410332 DOI: 10.3390/life12081281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Orthopaedic Department, “Mamatsio” General Hospital of Kozani, 501 00 Kozani, Greece
- Correspondence: or
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Christofilos SI, Tsikopoulos K, Tsikopoulos A, Kitridis D, Sidiropoulos K, Stoikos PN, Kavarthapu V. Network meta-analyses: Methodological prerequisites and clinical usefulness. World J Methodol 2022; 12:92-98. [PMID: 35721244 PMCID: PMC9157634 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v12.i3.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is an undeniable fact that systematic reviews play a crucial role in informing clinical practice; however, conventional head-to-head meta-analyses do have limitations. In particular, studies can only be compared in a pair-wise fashion, and conclusions can only be drawn in the light of direct evidence. In contrast, network meta-analyses can not only compare multiple interventions but also utilize indirect evidence which increases their precision. On top of that, they can also rank competing interventions. In this mini-review, we have aimed to elaborate on the principles and techniques governing network meta-analyses to achieve a methodologically sound synthesis, thus enabling safe conclusions to be drawn in clinical practice. We have emphasized the prerequisites of a well-conducted Network Meta-Analysis (NMA), the value of selecting appropriate outcomes according to guidelines for transparent reporting, and the clarity achieved via sophisticated graphical tools. What is more, we have addressed the importance of incorporating the level of evidence into the results and interpreting the findings according to validated appraisal systems (i.e., the Grade of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system - GRADE). Lastly, we have addressed the possibility of planning future research via NMAs. Thus, we can conclude that NMAs could be of great value to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savvas Ilias Christofilos
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Tsikopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Alexios Tsikopoulos
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, AHEPA University General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- Department of Orthopaedics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, School of Medicine, George Papanikolaou Hospital Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
| | | | | | - Venu Kavarthapu
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
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Efthymiadis A, Tsikopoulos K, Uddin F, Kitridis D, Edwards N, Sidiropoulos K, Lavalette D. Which is the optimal minimally invasive treatment for osteoid osteoma of the hip? A systematic review and proportional meta-analysis. J Orthop Sci 2022; 27:456-462. [PMID: 33563522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoid osteomata comprise approximately 10% of benign bone tumours, with 20% of them being located in the proximal femur and 1-3% in the pelvis. In this meta-analysis, we sought to investigate positive and negative outcomes relating to minimally invasive surgery (MIS), which has superseded open resection and conservative measures over the last decades. METHODS We searched the PubMed, CENTRAL and grey literature for completed studies published until 10 August 2020. Articles with a minimum of ten patients diagnosed with osteoid osteomata of the proximal femur and/or acetabulum were included. Primary outcomes were success rates, complications and recurrences following treatment. Delays in diagnosis were also recorded. We conducted random effects meta-analysis of success rates for MIS modalities using MedCalc statistical software. Quality was assessed with a modified Delphi checklist. RESULTS Sixteen case-series were identified. Success rates for computed-tomography (CT)-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA), CT-guided percutaneous resection drilling and arthroscopic resection were 98.2% (95% CI 95.8-99.5), p = 0.47; 91.5% (95% CI 81.1-97.9), p = 0.06; and 98% (95% CI 89.3-99.7), p = 0.95, respectively. Both RFA and percutaneous drilling resection were associated with two iatrogenic femoral fractures. Arthroscopic removal was not associated with any complications. Definitive diagnosis was established at least six months after symptom onset in up to 43% of patients. CONCLUSIONS RFA could be the most effective treatment options for patients suffering from osteoid osteomata of the hip. Arthroscopy could be potentially as effective as RFA as long as further large-scale studies confirm its efficacy and safety. Reported complications stemming from these modalities were sparse in nature. In order to avoid inordinate diagnostic delays, a high index of suspicion and low threshold for CT scan investigation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farid Uddin
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, United Kingdom
| | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- 1st Orthopaedic Department of Aristotle University G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nicholas Edwards
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, United Kingdom
| | | | - David Lavalette
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, United Kingdom
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Gillespie M, Jassal B, Stephan R, Milacic M, Rothfels K, Senff-Ribeiro A, Griss J, Sevilla C, Matthews L, Gong C, Deng C, Varusai T, Ragueneau E, Haider Y, May B, Shamovsky V, Weiser J, Brunson T, Sanati N, Beckman L, Shao X, Fabregat A, Sidiropoulos K, Murillo J, Viteri G, Cook J, Shorser S, Bader G, Demir E, Sander C, Haw R, Wu G, Stein L, Hermjakob H, D’Eustachio P. The reactome pathway knowledgebase 2022. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:D687-D692. [PMID: 34788843 PMCID: PMC8689983 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab1028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 693] [Impact Index Per Article: 346.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Reactome Knowledgebase (https://reactome.org), an Elixir core resource, provides manually curated molecular details across a broad range of physiological and pathological biological processes in humans, including both hereditary and acquired disease processes. The processes are annotated as an ordered network of molecular transformations in a single consistent data model. Reactome thus functions both as a digital archive of manually curated human biological processes and as a tool for discovering functional relationships in data such as gene expression profiles or somatic mutation catalogs from tumor cells. Recent curation work has expanded our annotations of normal and disease-associated signaling processes and of the drugs that target them, in particular infections caused by the SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses and the host response to infection. New tools support better simultaneous analysis of high-throughput data from multiple sources and the placement of understudied ('dark') proteins from analyzed datasets in the context of Reactome's manually curated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Gillespie
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY11439, USA
| | - Bijay Jassal
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Ralf Stephan
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Marija Milacic
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Karen Rothfels
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Andrea Senff-Ribeiro
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
- Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, 80060-000, Brazil
| | - Johannes Griss
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristoffer Sevilla
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Lisa Matthews
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY10016, USA
| | - Chuqiao Gong
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Chuan Deng
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing102206, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory on Big Data for Bio Intelligence, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Thawfeek Varusai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Eliot Ragueneau
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Yusra Haider
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Bruce May
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | | | - Joel Weiser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Timothy Brunson
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Nasim Sanati
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Liam Beckman
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Xiang Shao
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Julieth Murillo
- Centro Internacional de Entrenamiento e Investigaciones Médicas, Cali 18 # 122-135, Colombia
| | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Justin Cook
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Solomon Shorser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Gary Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Emek Demir
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Chris Sander
- cBio Center at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Guanming Wu
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
- National Center for Protein Sciences Beijing, Beijing Institute of Life Omics, Beijing102206, China
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Tsikopoulos K, Sidiropoulos K, Kitridis D, Moulder E, Ahmadi M, Drago L, Lavalette D. Preventing Staphylococcus aureus stainless steel-associated infections in orthopedics. A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal literature. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2615-2637. [PMID: 33527485 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Surgical site infection in the presence of orthopedic implants poses significant healthcare and socioeconomic burden. To assess the potential of various prevention strategies against Staphylococcus-induced stainless steel-associated infections, a review of animal evidence was designed. The databases of PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched until March 10, 2020, for articles including animal models with stainless steel instrumentation and techniques to prevent Staphylococcus infection. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis of standardized mean differences (SMD) with subgroup analysis linked to various protection strategies and we recorded complications. Quality was assessed with the SYRCLE's risk of bias tool. Twenty-five studies were included. Combined active coating (featuring organic antibacterial compound release) and degradable passive finishing (lipid- or polymer-based structure modification reducing bacterial adhesion) was favored over untreated controls (SMDs for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus [MSSA] and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] were -3.46, 95% CI [-4.53 to -2.4], p < .001 [n = 4 head-to-head comparisons]; and -6.67, 95% CI [-10.53 to -3], p < .001 [n = 5 head-to-head comparisons], respectively). Systemic vitamin D supplementation and systemic antibiotic administration with or without local antibiotics demonstrated favorable outcomes against MSSA infection. On the contrary, no benefit was seen following vaccination. Of note, no side effects were documented. On the basis of data gathered from eight studies, which comprised 294 animals, a bioresorbable polymer- or lipid-based surface modification supplemented with organic coating yielded improved infection-related outcomes against MSSA and MRSA stainless steel infections, and therefore, this strategy could be further investigated in human research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- 1st Orthopedic Department, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Moulder
- Orthopedic Department, Hull Limb Reconstruction Unit, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK
| | - Milad Ahmadi
- Orthopaedic Department, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, UK
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Biochemical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - David Lavalette
- Orthopedic Department, Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust, Harrogate, UK
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Sidiropoulos K, Athanaselis ED, Saridis A, Agapidis A, Saridis A. Elastic Intramedullary Nails in the Treatment of Multi-Segmental Humeral Fracture in a Polytrauma Patient. Cureus 2021; 13:e16161. [PMID: 34367771 PMCID: PMC8330390 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.16161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A polytrauma patient with a life-threatening condition is a quite demanding situation due to special considerations regarding the time, the way, and the sequence of the necessary procedures. Elastic intramedullary nails (EIN) could be used under these conditions for adult patients with humeral fractures requiring fixation. Here we present a case of a multi-segmental closed humerus fracture in a polytrauma patient treated by EIN. The general condition of the patient and the need for multiple surgical procedures required the selection of a minimally invasive and time-saving fixation technique. The patient’s follow-up was uneventful with complete healing of the humeral fracture; the functional scores results are excellent at five years post operatively. A review of the literature revealed limited published cases of humeral fractures (128 patients) treated by EIN, despite the fact that the results are quite encouraging. Based on our results and the current literature, we believe that EIN could become an effective treatment choice for multi-level humerus fractures, especially in damage control surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Serres, Serres, GRC.,Orthopaedics, University of Patras, Patras, GRC
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12
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Tsikopoulos K, Sidiropoulos K, Kitridis D, Drago L, Ebnezar R, Lavalette D. Rationalising animal research synthesis in orthopaedic literature. World J Methodol 2021; 11:75-80. [PMID: 34026580 PMCID: PMC8127423 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v11.i3.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systematic reviews in orthopaedic literature are frequently criticised for offering inconsistent conclusions. On top of that, high-quality randomized human evidence on crucial orthopaedic topics is more often than not lacking. In this situation, pooling animal literature could offer an excellent insight into unanswered critical clinical questions, thus potentially improving healthcare. In this paper, we sought to present the rationale and basic principles governing meta-analysis of animal research. More specifically, we elaborated on the available evidence-based methods to achieve a scientifically sound animal data synthesis. In addition, we discussed result interpretation, strength of recommendations and clinical implications based on the results of these meta-analytic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tsikopoulos
- Orthopaedic Department, Harrogate and District Foundation Trust, Harrogate HG2 7SX, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | | | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- First Orthopedic Department of Aristotle University, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Thessaloniki 55210, Greece
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Biochemical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20164, Italy
| | - Rakesh Ebnezar
- Orthopaedic Department, Harrogate and District Foundation Trust, Harrogate HG2 7SX, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - David Lavalette
- Orthopaedic Department, Harrogate and District Foundation Trust, Harrogate HG2 7SX, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom
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13
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Griss J, Viteri G, Sidiropoulos K, Nguyen V, Fabregat A, Hermjakob H. ReactomeGSA - Efficient Multi-Omics Comparative Pathway Analysis. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:2115-2125. [PMID: 32907876 PMCID: PMC7710148 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.tir120.002155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathway analyses are key methods to analyze 'omics experiments. Nevertheless, integrating data from different 'omics technologies and different species still requires considerable bioinformatics knowledge.Here we present the novel ReactomeGSA resource for comparative pathway analyses of multi-omics datasets. ReactomeGSA can be used through Reactome's existing web interface and the novel ReactomeGSA R Bioconductor package with explicit support for scRNA-seq data. Data from different species is automatically mapped to a common pathway space. Public data from ExpressionAtlas and Single Cell ExpressionAtlas can be directly integrated in the analysis. ReactomeGSA greatly reduces the technical barrier for multi-omics, cross-species, comparative pathway analyses.We used ReactomeGSA to characterize the role of B cells in anti-tumor immunity. We compared B cell rich and poor human cancer samples from five of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) transcriptomics and two of the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) proteomics studies. B cell-rich lung adenocarcinoma samples lacked the otherwise present activation through NFkappaB. This may be linked to the presence of a specific subset of tumor associated IgG+ plasma cells that lack NFkappaB activation in scRNA-seq data from human melanoma. This showcases how ReactomeGSA can derive novel biomedical insights by integrating large multi-omics datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Griss
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom; Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Vy Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom.
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Veskoukis A, Kerasioti E, Sidiropoulos K, Maragou I, Skaperda Z, Kouretas D. [Corrigendum] Nutritional habits and free grazing regimen of productive animals along with specific ingredients are influential factors for the antioxidant properties of milk: From farm to market. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:54. [PMID: 33082951 PMCID: PMC7557513 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Ilektra Maragou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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15
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Katakidis A, Sidiropoulos K, Koulaouzidou E, Gogos C, Economides N. Flow characteristics and alkalinity of novel bioceramic root canal sealers. Restor Dent Endod 2020; 45:e42. [PMID: 33294407 PMCID: PMC7691256 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine the physical properties (pH and flow) of 2 novel bioceramic sealers. Materials and Methods The tested sealers were a calcium hydroxide sealer (Sealapex) and 2 bioceramic sealers (BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer). Flow measurements were conducted according to ISO 6876/2012, with a press method of 0.05 mL of sealer. The pH of fresh samples was tested immediately after manipulation, while set samples were stored for 3 times the recommended setting time. The predetermined time intervals ranged from 3 minutes to 24 hours for fresh samples and from 10 minutes to 7 days and 4 weeks for the set samples. Analysis of variance was performed, with p = 0.05 considered indicating significance. Results The mean flow values were 26.99 mm for BioRoot, 28.19 for Sealapex, and 30.8 mm for TotalFill BC Sealer, satisfying the ISO standard. In the set samples, BioRoot RCS had higher pH values at 24 hours to 1 week after immersion in distilled water. At 2 weeks, both bioceramic sealers had similar pH values, greater than that of Sealapex. In the fresh samples, the bioceramic sealers had significantly higher initial pH values than Sealapex (p < 0.05). At 24 hours post-immersion, all sealers showed an alkaline pH, with the highest pH observed for TotalFill. Conclusions The TotalFill BC Sealer demonstrated the highest flow. The bioceramic sealers initially presented higher alkaline activity than the polymeric calcium hydroxide sealer. However, at 3 and 4 weeks post-immersion, all sealers had similar pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasios Katakidis
- Section of Pathology and Therapeutics of Dental Tissues, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Section of Pathology and Therapeutics of Dental Tissues, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elisabeth Koulaouzidou
- Section of Pathology and Therapeutics of Dental Tissues, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Christos Gogos
- Section of Pathology and Therapeutics of Dental Tissues, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Economides
- Section of Pathology and Therapeutics of Dental Tissues, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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16
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Tsikopoulos K, Sidiropoulos K, Kitridis D, Hassan A, Drago L, Mavrogenis A, McBride D. Is coating of titanium implants effective at preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections? A meta-analysis of animal model studies. Int Orthop 2020; 45:821-835. [PMID: 32761434 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To assess the effects of the available coating methods against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) biofilm development on titanium implants. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL databases until May 18, 2019, for studies that used animal models of infections to evaluate various titanium implant coating methods to prevent S. aureus infection. Twenty-seven studies were eligible for inclusion in qualitative synthesis. Of those, twenty-three were considered in pair-wise meta-analysis. In addition, subgroup analysis of implant protection strategies relative to uncoated controls was performed, and any adverse events stemming from the coating applications were reported. Quality assessment was performed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for animal studies. RESULTS Meta-analysis showed that active coating with antibiotics was favoured over uncoated controls (standardised mean differences [SMD] for MRSA and MSSA were - 2.71 [95% CI, - 4.24 to - 1.18], p = 0.0005, and - 2.5 [- 3.79 to - 1.22], p = 0.0001, respectively). Likewise, large effect sizes were demonstrated when a combination of active and conventional non-degradable passive coatings was compared with controls (SMDs for MRSA and MSSA were - 0.62 [95% CI, - 1.15 to - 0.08], p = 0.02, and - 1.93 [95% CI, - 2.87 to - 0.98], p < 0.001, respectively). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION As a standalone prevention method, active titanium coating with antibiotics yielded promising results against both MSSA and MRSA. Combinations between active and non-degradable passive coatings, potentially allowing for sustained antimicrobial substance release, provided consistent hardware infection protection. Thus, we recommend that future research efforts focus on combined coating modalities against S. aureus biofilm infections in the presence of titanium implants. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION CRD42019123462.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- 1st Orthopaedic Department of Aristotle University, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anas Hassan
- Orthopaedic Department, Lister Hospital, Stevenage, East and North Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Lorenzo Drago
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Biochemical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreas Mavrogenis
- Orthopaedic Department, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Donald McBride
- Orthopaedic Department, University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
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17
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Veskoukis AS, Kerasioti E, Sidiropoulos K, Maragou I, Skaperda Z, Kouretas D. Nutritional habits and free grazing regimen of productive animals along with specific ingredients are influential factors for the antioxidant properties of milk: From farm to market. Biomed Rep 2020; 13:31-36. [PMID: 32440347 PMCID: PMC7238402 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is a fundamental product of animal origin for human health and well-being. It possesses crucial biological properties, which depend on its composition and production methodology. To this end, one of the aims of the present study was to assess the impact of the nutritional and dwelling patterns of productive animals on the antioxidant potency of their generated milk. Thus, samples of sheep milk were collected for 30 consecutive days during the spring months from 5 different farms with different traits and its antioxidant activity was measured. Furthermore, this study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of 15 commercially available milk samples of different animal origin (i.e., cow and buffalo) and type (i.e., full-fat, light and chocolate) derived from 5 different companies. For all the experiments, the assay that examines the ability of the milk samples to reduce the DPPH• radical was used. It was thus found that the free-grazing regimen of the farm sheep dwelling at high altitude resulted in the production of milk with a greater antioxidant potential. On the other hand, it was also found that the samples of chocolate milk exhibited notably mote potent antioxidant activity than the full-fat and light samples, obviously due to the excessively high composition in antioxidant molecules present in cocoa. From this study that holistically examined the antioxidant properties of milk derived from three different productive animal species, it becomes evident that the nutritional and grazing practices, as well as specific ingredients (i.e., cocoa) lead to the generation of milk with high added biological value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristidis S. Veskoukis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthalia Kerasioti
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Ilektra Maragou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of
Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece
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18
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Viteri G, Matthews L, Varusai T, Gillespie M, Milacic M, Cook J, Weiser J, Shorser S, Sidiropoulos K, Fabregat A, Haw R, Wu G, Stein L, D'Eustachio P, Hermjakob H. Reactome and ORCID-fine-grained credit attribution for community curation. Database (Oxford) 2020; 2019:5645654. [PMID: 31802127 PMCID: PMC6892999 DOI: 10.1093/database/baz123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Reactome is a manually curated, open-source, open-data knowledge base of biomolecular pathways. Reactome has always provided clear credit attribution for authors, curators and reviewers through fine-grained annotation of all three roles at the reaction and pathway level. These data are visible in the web interface and provided through the various data download formats. To enhance visibility and credit attribution for the work of authors, curators and reviewers, and to provide additional opportunities for Reactome community engagement, we have implemented key changes to Reactome: contributor names are now fully searchable in the web interface, and contributors can ‘claim’ their contributions to their ORCID profile with a few clicks. In addition, we are reaching out to domain experts to request their help in reviewing and editing Reactome pathways through a new ‘Contribution’ section, highlighting pathways which are awaiting community review. Database URL: https://reactome.org
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Lisa Matthews
- Department of Biochemistry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Thawfeek Varusai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marc Gillespie
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada.,College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Marija Milacic
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Justin Cook
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Joel Weiser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Solomon Shorser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Guanming Wu
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Peter D'Eustachio
- Department of Biochemistry, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (The PHOENIX Center, Beijing), 102206, Beijing, China
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19
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Jassal B, Matthews L, Viteri G, Gong C, Lorente P, Fabregat A, Sidiropoulos K, Cook J, Gillespie M, Haw R, Loney F, May B, Milacic M, Rothfels K, Sevilla C, Shamovsky V, Shorser S, Varusai T, Weiser J, Wu G, Stein L, Hermjakob H, D'Eustachio P. The reactome pathway knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:D498-D503. [PMID: 31691815 PMCID: PMC7145712 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1067] [Impact Index Per Article: 266.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Reactome Knowledgebase (https://reactome.org) provides molecular details of signal transduction, transport, DNA replication, metabolism and other cellular processes as an ordered network of molecular transformations in a single consistent data model, an extended version of a classic metabolic map. Reactome functions both as an archive of biological processes and as a tool for discovering functional relationships in data such as gene expression profiles or somatic mutation catalogs from tumor cells. To extend our ability to annotate human disease processes, we have implemented a new drug class and have used it initially to annotate drugs relevant to cardiovascular disease. Our annotation model depends on external domain experts to identify new areas for annotation and to review new content. New web pages facilitate recruitment of community experts and allow those who have contributed to Reactome to identify their contributions and link them to their ORCID records. To improve visualization of our content, we have implemented a new tool to automatically lay out the components of individual reactions with multiple options for downloading the reaction diagrams and associated data, and a new display of our event hierarchy that will facilitate visual interpretation of pathway analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Jassal
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | | | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Chuqiao Gong
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Pascual Lorente
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK.,Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Justin Cook
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Marc Gillespie
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada.,College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Fred Loney
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Bruce May
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Marija Milacic
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Karen Rothfels
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Cristoffer Sevilla
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Solomon Shorser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Thawfeek Varusai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Joel Weiser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Guanming Wu
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK.,National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
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20
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Tsikopoulos K, Sidiropoulos K, Kitridis D, Cain Atc SM, Metaxiotis D, Ali A. Do External Supports Improve Dynamic Balance in Patients with Chronic Ankle Instability? A Network Meta-analysis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2020; 478:359-377. [PMID: 31625960 PMCID: PMC7438122 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve ankle stability in patients who have experienced an ankle sprain with residual symptoms of instability and/or objective joint laxity, external supports (such as taping, bracing, and orthotic insoles) are used sometimes. However, available randomized trials have disagreed on whether restraints improve balance in those individuals. In this situation, a network meta-analysis can help because it allows for comparing multiple treatments simultaneously, taking advantage not only of direct but also indirect evidence synthesis. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES The aim of this network meta-analysis was to assess (1) the impact of taping and orthotic devices on dynamic postural control in individuals with ankle instability and (2) the presence of a placebo effect in participants treated with sham taping and complications resulting from the administered treatments. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases up to February 13, 2019 for completed studies. Randomized trials assessing the results of real and/or sham taping, wait-and-see protocols, ankle bracing, and foot orthotics for ankle instability as determined by one or more ankle sprains followed by ongoing subjective symptoms and/or mechanical laxity were included. We evaluated dynamic postural control in terms of the Star Excursion Balance Test in the posteromedial direction (SEBT-PM), which is considered the most representative of balance deficits in patients with ankle instability. Standardized mean differences were re-expressed to percentage differences in SEBT-PM, with higher scores representing possible improvement. Subsequently, those data were checked against the established minimal detectable change of 14% for this scale to make judgements on clinical importance. We also assessed the presence of a placebo effect by comparing the results of sham taping with no treatment and complications resulting from the administered treatments. Additionally, we judged the quality of trials using the Cochrane risk of bias tool and quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) approach. A total of 22 trials met our inclusion criteria, 18 of which were deemed to be at a low risk of bias. A network of treatments consisting of 13 studies was created, and the level of evidence was judged to be high. As far as participants' allocation to treatment arms, 85 patients followed a wait-and-see protocol, 29 received placebo taping, 99 were treated with taping, 16 were treated with bracing, 27 were administered insoles, and six individuals were offered a combination of insoles with bracing. Of note, with statistical power set at 80%, a minimum of 16 patients per treatment group was required to provide sufficient statistical power and detect a SEBT-PM percentage difference of 14%. RESULTS A network meta-analysis did not demonstrate a benefit of taping or bracing over no treatment (percentage difference in SEBT-PM between taping and bracing versus control: -2.4 [95% CI -6 to 1.1]; p = 0.18, and -7.5 [95% CI -15.9 to 1]; p = 0.08, respectively). This was also the case for sham taping because the measurement increase failed to exceed the minimal detectable change (percentage difference in SEBT-PM between sham taping and untreated control: -1.1 [95% CI -6.9 to 4.7]; p = 0.72). Importantly, there were no reported adverse events after treatment application. CONCLUSIONS Evidence of moderate strength indicated that external supports of any type were no more effective than controls in improving dynamic postural control in patients with at least one ankle sprain and residual functional or mechanical deficits. Therefore, implementing those tools as a standalone treatment does not appear to be a viable strategy for the primary management of ankle instability. It is conceivable that combinations of rehabilitation and external supports could be more effective than external supports alone, and future trials should evaluate the potential of such combinations in enhancing not only clinician-reported but also patient-oriented outcomes using long-term follow-up measurements. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, therapeutic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tsikopoulos
- K. Tsikopoulos, D. Kitridis, 424 Army General Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
- K. Tsikopoulos, Orthopedic Department, University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
| | | | - Dimitrios Kitridis
- K. Tsikopoulos, D. Kitridis, 424 Army General Training Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
- D. Kitridis, First Orthopedic Department of Aristotle University, G. Papanikolaou General Hospital, Exohi, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spencer M Cain Atc
- S. M. Cain, Department of Exercise and Sports Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dimitrios Metaxiotis
- D. Metaxiotis, Second Orthopedic Department, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ashique Ali
- A. Ali, Orthopedic Department, University Hospitals of North Midlands, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
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21
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Fabregat A, Jupe S, Matthews L, Sidiropoulos K, Gillespie M, Garapati P, Haw R, Jassal B, Korninger F, May B, Milacic M, Roca CD, Rothfels K, Sevilla C, Shamovsky V, Shorser S, Varusai T, Viteri G, Weiser J, Wu G, Stein L, Hermjakob H, D'Eustachio P. The Reactome Pathway Knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:D649-D655. [PMID: 29145629 PMCID: PMC5753187 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx1132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1705] [Impact Index Per Article: 341.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Reactome Knowledgebase (https://reactome.org) provides molecular details of signal transduction, transport, DNA replication, metabolism, and other cellular processes as an ordered network of molecular transformations-an extended version of a classic metabolic map, in a single consistent data model. Reactome functions both as an archive of biological processes and as a tool for discovering unexpected functional relationships in data such as gene expression profiles or somatic mutation catalogues from tumor cells. To support the continued brisk growth in the size and complexity of Reactome, we have implemented a graph database, improved performance of data analysis tools, and designed new data structures and strategies to boost diagram viewer performance. To make our website more accessible to human users, we have improved pathway display and navigation by implementing interactive Enhanced High Level Diagrams (EHLDs) with an associated icon library, and subpathway highlighting and zooming, in a simplified and reorganized web site with adaptive design. To encourage re-use of our content, we have enabled export of pathway diagrams as 'PowerPoint' files.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK.,Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Steven Jupe
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marc Gillespie
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada.,College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Phani Garapati
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Bijay Jassal
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Florian Korninger
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Bruce May
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Marija Milacic
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Corina Duenas Roca
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Karen Rothfels
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Cristoffer Sevilla
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Solomon Shorser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Thawfeek Varusai
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Joel Weiser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Guanming Wu
- Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, M5G 0A3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SD, UK.,National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
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22
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Fabregat A, Sidiropoulos K, Viteri G, Marin-Garcia P, Ping P, Stein L, D'Eustachio P, Hermjakob H. Reactome diagram viewer: data structures and strategies to boost performance. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:1208-1214. [PMID: 29186351 PMCID: PMC6030826 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Reactome is a free, open-source, open-data, curated and peer-reviewed knowledgebase of biomolecular pathways. For web-based pathway visualization, Reactome uses a custom pathway diagram viewer that has been evolved over the past years. Here, we present comprehensive enhancements in usability and performance based on extensive usability testing sessions and technology developments, aiming to optimize the viewer towards the needs of the community. Results The pathway diagram viewer version 3 achieves consistently better performance, loading and rendering of 97% of the diagrams in Reactome in less than 1 s. Combining the multi-layer html5 canvas strategy with a space partitioning data structure minimizes CPU workload, enabling the introduction of new features that further enhance user experience. Through the use of highly optimized data structures and algorithms, Reactome has boosted the performance and usability of the new pathway diagram viewer, providing a robust, scalable and easy-to-integrate solution to pathway visualization. As graph-based visualization of complex data is a frequent challenge in bioinformatics, many of the individual strategies presented here are applicable to a wide range of web-based bioinformatics resources. Availability and implementation Reactome is available online at: https://reactome.org. The diagram viewer is part of the Reactome pathway browser (https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/) and also available as a stand-alone widget at: https://reactome.org/dev/diagram/. The source code is freely available at: https://github.com/reactome-pwp/diagram. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK.,Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Pablo Marin-Garcia
- Fundación Investigación INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Medicina Genomica, Valencia, Spain
| | - Peipei Ping
- NIH BD2K Center of Excellence and Department of Physiology, Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto ON M5G 0A3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | | | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
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23
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Koulaouzidou EA, Roussou K, Sidiropoulos K, Nikolaidis A, Kolokuris I, Tsakalof A, Tsitsimpikou C, Kouretas D. Investigation of the chemical profile and cytotoxicity evaluation of organic components eluted from pit and fissure sealants. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:536-543. [PMID: 30076914 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify organic components eluted from five resin dental sealants using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS) after 1-day and 40-days storage and the effect of sealants on cell survival of cultured fibroblasts. Five resin materials were studied: BeautiSealant (SHOFU), Clinpro (3M/ESPE), Conseal F (SDI), Grandio Seal (VOCO) and Helioseal Clear (Ivoclar/Vivadent). The organic monomers detected were butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), bis-phenol-A (BPA), camphoroquinone (CQ), diethylenglycoldimethacrylate (DEGDMA), 4N, N-dimethylaminobenzoic acid butylethoxyester (DMABEE), hydroxyethylmethcrylate (HEMA), hydroquinone monomethylether (MEHQ), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBATFB), triphenylstibane (TPSb). The main monomer detected was TEGDMA, whereas BHT and DEGDMA were detected at lower concentrations. Higher monomer concentrations were detected after 40 days storage. The eluting chemical profiles of the tested materials differ qualitative and quantitative. For cytotoxicity evaluation, NIH/3T3 cells were exposed to eluates of sealants and cell viability was assessed by a quantitative technique at two observation periods. Decreased cell viability was observed. The cytotoxicity and the release of monomers from dental materials examined depends on the type of material and the observation time point. Resin-based dental materials have raised public concerns regarding possible adverse biological effects, thus it is essential to evaluate possible side effects for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Koulaouzidou
- Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences- Endodontology-Operative Dentistry), Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Konstantina Roussou
- Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences- Endodontology-Operative Dentistry), Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences- Endodontology-Operative Dentistry), Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexander Nikolaidis
- Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences- Endodontology-Operative Dentistry), Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kolokuris
- Division of Dental Tissues Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences- Endodontology-Operative Dentistry), Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Andreas Tsakalof
- Laboratory of Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Christina Tsitsimpikou
- General Chemical State Laboratory of Greece, 16, A. Tsocha Street, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kouretas
- Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Viopolis, Larissa, 41500, Greece
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24
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Sidiropoulos K, Viteri G, Sevilla C, Jupe S, Webber M, Orlic-Milacic M, Jassal B, May B, Shamovsky V, Duenas C, Rothfels K, Matthews L, Song H, Stein L, Haw R, D'Eustachio P, Ping P, Hermjakob H, Fabregat A. Reactome enhanced pathway visualization. Bioinformatics 2018; 33:3461-3467. [PMID: 29077811 PMCID: PMC5860170 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Reactome is a free, open-source, open-data, curated and peer-reviewed knowledge base of biomolecular pathways. Pathways are arranged in a hierarchical structure that largely corresponds to the GO biological process hierarchy, allowing the user to navigate from high level concepts like immune system to detailed pathway diagrams showing biomolecular events like membrane transport or phosphorylation. Here, we present new developments in the Reactome visualization system that facilitate navigation through the pathway hierarchy and enable efficient reuse of Reactome visualizations for users’ own research presentations and publications. Results For the higher levels of the hierarchy, Reactome now provides scalable, interactive textbook-style diagrams in SVG format, which are also freely downloadable and editable. Repeated diagram elements like ‘mitochondrion’ or ‘receptor’ are available as a library of graphic elements. Detailed lower-level diagrams are now downloadable in editable PPTX format as sets of interconnected objects. Availability and implementation http://reactome.org
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Cristoffer Sevilla
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Steve Jupe
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marissa Webber
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | | | - Bijay Jassal
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Bruce May
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | | | - Corina Duenas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Karen Rothfels
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | | | - Heeyeon Song
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada
| | | | - Peipei Ping
- Department of Physiology, Medicine and Bioinformatics, NIH BD2K Center of Excellence, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, National Center for Protein Sciences - Beijing, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK.,OpenTargets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SD, UK
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25
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Fabregat A, Sidiropoulos K, Viteri G, Forner O, Marin-Garcia P, Arnau V, D'Eustachio P, Stein L, Hermjakob H. Reactome pathway analysis: a high-performance in-memory approach. BMC Bioinformatics 2017; 18:142. [PMID: 28249561 PMCID: PMC5333408 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-017-1559-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 440] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reactome aims to provide bioinformatics tools for visualisation, interpretation and analysis of pathway knowledge to support basic research, genome analysis, modelling, systems biology and education. Pathway analysis methods have a broad range of applications in physiological and biomedical research; one of the main problems, from the analysis methods performance point of view, is the constantly increasing size of the data samples. Results Here, we present a new high-performance in-memory implementation of the well-established over-representation analysis method. To achieve the target, the over-representation analysis method is divided in four different steps and, for each of them, specific data structures are used to improve performance and minimise the memory footprint. The first step, finding out whether an identifier in the user’s sample corresponds to an entity in Reactome, is addressed using a radix tree as a lookup table. The second step, modelling the proteins, chemicals, their orthologous in other species and their composition in complexes and sets, is addressed with a graph. The third and fourth steps, that aggregate the results and calculate the statistics, are solved with a double-linked tree. Conclusion Through the use of highly optimised, in-memory data structures and algorithms, Reactome has achieved a stable, high performance pathway analysis service, enabling the analysis of genome-wide datasets within seconds, allowing interactive exploration and analysis of high throughput data. The proposed pathway analysis approach is available in the Reactome production web site either via the AnalysisService for programmatic access or the user submission interface integrated into the PathwayBrowser. Reactome is an open data and open source project and all of its source code, including the one described here, is available in the AnalysisTools repository in the Reactome GitHub (https://github.com/reactome/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fabregat
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK.,Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Guilherme Viteri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Oscar Forner
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Pablo Marin-Garcia
- Fundación Investigación INCLIVA, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,Instituto de Medicina Genomica, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Arnau
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenierías, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain.,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), Universitat de València-CSIC, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. .,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine; National Center for Protein Sciences, 102206, Beijing, China.
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26
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Koscielny G, An P, Carvalho-Silva D, Cham JA, Fumis L, Gasparyan R, Hasan S, Karamanis N, Maguire M, Papa E, Pierleoni A, Pignatelli M, Platt T, Rowland F, Wankar P, Bento AP, Burdett T, Fabregat A, Forbes S, Gaulton A, Gonzalez CY, Hermjakob H, Hersey A, Jupe S, Kafkas Ş, Keays M, Leroy C, Lopez FJ, Magarinos MP, Malone J, McEntyre J, Munoz-Pomer Fuentes A, O'Donovan C, Papatheodorou I, Parkinson H, Palka B, Paschall J, Petryszak R, Pratanwanich N, Sarntivijal S, Saunders G, Sidiropoulos K, Smith T, Sondka Z, Stegle O, Tang YA, Turner E, Vaughan B, Vrousgou O, Watkins X, Martin MJ, Sanseau P, Vamathevan J, Birney E, Barrett J, Dunham I. Open Targets: a platform for therapeutic target identification and validation. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 45:D985-D994. [PMID: 27899665 PMCID: PMC5210543 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We have designed and developed a data integration and visualization platform that provides evidence about the association of known and potential drug targets with diseases. The platform is designed to support identification and prioritization of biological targets for follow-up. Each drug target is linked to a disease using integrated genome-wide data from a broad range of data sources. The platform provides either a target-centric workflow to identify diseases that may be associated with a specific target, or a disease-centric workflow to identify targets that may be associated with a specific disease. Users can easily transition between these target- and disease-centric workflows. The Open Targets Validation Platform is accessible at https://www.targetvalidation.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautier Koscielny
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK .,GSK, Medicines Research Center, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Peter An
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Denise Carvalho-Silva
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jennifer A Cham
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Luca Fumis
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Rippa Gasparyan
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Samiul Hasan
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,GSK, Medicines Research Center, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Nikiforos Karamanis
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Michael Maguire
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Eliseo Papa
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Andrea Pierleoni
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Miguel Pignatelli
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Theo Platt
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Francis Rowland
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Priyanka Wankar
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Biogen, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - A Patrícia Bento
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Tony Burdett
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Antonio Fabregat
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Simon Forbes
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Anna Gaulton
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Cristina Yenyxe Gonzalez
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,National Center for Protein Research, No. 38, Life Science Park Road, Changping District, 102206 Beijing, China
| | - Anne Hersey
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Steven Jupe
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Şenay Kafkas
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Maria Keays
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Catherine Leroy
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Francisco-Javier Lopez
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Maria Paula Magarinos
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - James Malone
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Johanna McEntyre
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Alfonso Munoz-Pomer Fuentes
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Claire O'Donovan
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Irene Papatheodorou
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Helen Parkinson
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Barbara Palka
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Justin Paschall
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Robert Petryszak
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Naruemon Pratanwanich
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Sirarat Sarntivijal
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Gary Saunders
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Thomas Smith
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Zbyslaw Sondka
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Oliver Stegle
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Y Amy Tang
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Edward Turner
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Brendan Vaughan
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Olga Vrousgou
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Xavier Watkins
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Maria-Jesus Martin
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Philippe Sanseau
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,GSK, Medicines Research Center, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Jessica Vamathevan
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Ewan Birney
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jeffrey Barrett
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Ian Dunham
- Open Targets, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK .,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
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Fabregat A, Sidiropoulos K, Garapati P, Gillespie M, Hausmann K, Haw R, Jassal B, Jupe S, Korninger F, McKay S, Matthews L, May B, Milacic M, Rothfels K, Shamovsky V, Webber M, Weiser J, Williams M, Wu G, Stein L, Hermjakob H, D'Eustachio P. The Reactome pathway Knowledgebase. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 44:D481-7. [PMID: 26656494 PMCID: PMC4702931 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 961] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Reactome Knowledgebase (www.reactome.org) provides molecular details of signal transduction, transport, DNA replication, metabolism and other cellular processes as an ordered network of molecular transformations—an extended version of a classic metabolic map, in a single consistent data model. Reactome functions both as an archive of biological processes and as a tool for discovering unexpected functional relationships in data such as gene expression pattern surveys or somatic mutation catalogues from tumour cells. Over the last two years we redeveloped major components of the Reactome web interface to improve usability, responsiveness and data visualization. A new pathway diagram viewer provides a faster, clearer interface and smooth zooming from the entire reaction network to the details of individual reactions. Tool performance for analysis of user datasets has been substantially improved, now generating detailed results for genome-wide expression datasets within seconds. The analysis module can now be accessed through a RESTFul interface, facilitating its inclusion in third party applications. A new overview module allows the visualization of analysis results on a genome-wide Reactome pathway hierarchy using a single screen page. The search interface now provides auto-completion as well as a faceted search to narrow result lists efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Fabregat
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Konstantinos Sidiropoulos
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Phani Garapati
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marc Gillespie
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Kerstin Hausmann
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Robin Haw
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Bijay Jassal
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Steven Jupe
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Florian Korninger
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Sheldon McKay
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | | | - Bruce May
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Marija Milacic
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Karen Rothfels
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | | | - Marissa Webber
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Joel Weiser
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Mark Williams
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Guanming Wu
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada
| | - Lincoln Stein
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON M5G0A3, Canada Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Henning Hermjakob
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
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28
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Daniilidis A, Sidiropoulos K, Panna ZD, Hatzipantelis E, Loufopoulos A, Dinas K. Association of fetal loss with recent parvovirus infection and other demographic prognostic risk factors. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2013; 34:40-4. [DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2013.820269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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29
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Ninos K, Kostopoulos S, Sidiropoulos K, Kalatzis I, Glotsos D, Athanasiadis E, Ravazoula P, Panayiotakis G, Economou G, Cavouras D. Computer-based image analysis system designed to differentiate between low-grade and high-grade laryngeal cancer cases. Anal Quant Cytopathol Histpathol 2013; 35:261-272. [PMID: 24282906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To design a pattern recognition (PR) system for discriminating between low- and high-grade laryngeal cancer cases, employing immunohistochemically stained, for p63 expression, histopathology images. STUDY DESIGN The PR system was designed to assist in the physician's diagnosis for improving patient survival. The material comprised 55 verified cases of laryngeal cancer, 21 of low-grade and 34 of high-grade malignancy. Histopathology images were first processed for automatically segmenting p63 expressed nuclei. Fifty-two features were next extracted from the segmented nuclei, concerning nuclei texture, shape, and physical topology in the image. Those features and the Probabilistic Neural Network classifier were used to design the PR system on the multiprocessors of the Nvidia 580 GTX graphics processing unit (GPU) card using the Compute Unified Device Architecture parallel programming model and C++ programming language. RESULTS PR system performance in classifying laryngeal cancer cases as low grade and high grade was 85.7% and 94.1%, respectively. The system's overall accuracy was 90.9%, using 7 features, and its estimated accuracy to "unseen" by the system cases was 80%. CONCLUSION Optimum system design was feasible after employing parallel processing techniques and GPU technology. The proposed system was structured so as to function in a clinical environment, as a research tool, and with the capability of being redesigned on site when new verified cases are added to its repository.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ninos
- Department of Physics, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, Rio, Patras, Greece
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30
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Kostopoulos S, Sidiropoulos K, Glotsos D, Athanasiadis E, Boutsikou K, Lavdas E, Oikonomou G, Fezoulidis IV, Vlychou M, Hantes M, Cavouras D. Pattern-recognition system, designed on GPU, for discriminating between injured normal and pathological knee cartilage. Magn Reson Imaging 2013; 31:761-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2012.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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31
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Ninos K, Spiros K, Glotsos D, Georgiadis P, Sidiropoulos K, Dimitropoulos N, Kalatzis I, Cavouras D. Development and evaluation of a PDA-based teleradiology terminal in thyroid nodule diagnosis. J Telemed Telecare 2010; 16:232-6. [PMID: 20423934 DOI: 10.1258/jtt.2010.090512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We developed a wireless personal digital assistant (PDA)-based teleradiology terminal which allowed a secure connection to the hospital's Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) through the DICOM protocol. Ten members of the hospital's medical staff completed a questionnaire about its mobility, usability, stability, performance and diagnostic efficiency in a real health-care environment. There was a high degree of satisfaction with the system's mobility (mean score 4.1, SD 1.0, on a five-point scale), usability (mean score 4.2, SD 1.1), stability (mean score 3.9, SD 0.4) and performance (mean score 4.2, SD 0.6). The system was evaluated as a tool for providing assistance in diagnosing thyroid nodules from ultrasound images. A total of 144 ultrasound images with thyroid nodules were assessed by an expert. Six image quality attributes were evaluated. The physician concluded that the ultrasound thyroid images on the PDA screen were of similar quality to those displayed on a diagnostic visual display unit screen. However, the expert found difficulties in diagnosing microcalcification, internal echo texture and vascularity. The PDA terminal provided rapid, secure and convenient portable access to PACS images and the image quality was sufficient for diagnostic interpretation of ultrasound images of the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Ninos
- Department of Medical Instruments Technology, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece
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