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Sparling J, Ketigian L, Qu JZ, Mueller A, Turco I, Colon K, Adelsberger K, Trigo M, Colecchi T, Wiredu K, Akeju O, McKay TB. Investigation of total 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations and postoperative delirium after major cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2024; 132:1327-1329. [PMID: 38553312 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2024.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Sparling
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Ketigian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Massachusetts Memorial Medical Center, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jason Z Qu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ariel Mueller
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Isabella Turco
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katia Colon
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine Adelsberger
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Miriam Trigo
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Talia Colecchi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oluwaseun Akeju
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tina B McKay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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McKay TB, Khawaja ZQ, Freedman IG, Turco I, Wiredu K, Colecchi T, Akeju O. Exploring the Pathophysiology of Delirium: An Overview of Biomarker Studies, Animal Models, and Tissue-Engineered Models. Anesth Analg 2023; 137:1186-1197. [PMID: 37851904 PMCID: PMC10840625 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Delirium is an acute brain disorder associated with disorganized thinking, difficulty focusing, and confusion that commonly follows major surgery, severe infection, and illness. Older patients are at high risk for developing delirium during hospitalization, which may contribute to increased morbidity, longer hospitalization, and increased risk of institutionalization following discharge. The pathophysiology underlying delirium remains poorly studied. This review delves into the findings from biomarker studies and animal models, and highlights the potential for tissue-engineered models of the brain in studying this condition. The aim is to bring together the existing knowledge in the field and provide insight into the future direction of delirium research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina B. McKay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Zain Q. Khawaja
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Isaac G. Freedman
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Isabella Turco
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Talia Colecchi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Oluwaseun Akeju
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Wiredu K, Mueller A, McKay TB, Behera A, Shaefi S, Akeju O. Sex Differences in the Incidence of Postoperative Delirium after Cardiac Surgery: A Pooled Analyses of Clinical Trials. Anesthesiology 2023; 139:540-542. [PMID: 37535937 PMCID: PMC10529077 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kwame Wiredu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts (K.W.).
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Namirembe GE, Baker S, Albanese M, Mueller A, Qu JZ, Mekonnen J, Wiredu K, Westover MB, Houle TT, Akeju O. Association Between Postoperative Delirium and Long-Term Subjective Cognitive Decline in Older Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Secondary Analysis of the Minimizing Intensive Care Unit Neurological Dysfunction with Dexmedetomidine-Induced Sleep Trial. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2023; 37:1700-1706. [PMID: 37217424 PMCID: PMC10524446 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2023.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate whether a measure of subjective cognitive decline (SCD), the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Applied Cognition-Abilities questionnaire, was associated with postoperative delirium. It was hypothesized that delirium during the surgical hospitalization would be associated with a decrease in subjective cognition up to 6 months after cardiac surgery. DESIGN This was a secondary analysis of data from the Minimizing Intensive Care Unit Neurological Dysfunction with Dexmedetomidine-induced Sleep randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm superiority trial. SETTING Data from patients recruited between March 2017 and February 2022 at a tertiary medical center in Boston, Massachusetts were analyzed in February 2023. PARTICIPANTS Data from 337 patients aged 60 years or older who underwent cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were included. INTERVENTIONS Patients were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at 30, 90, and 180 days using the subjective PROMIS Applied Cognition-Abilities and telephonic Montreal Cognitive Assessment. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS Postoperative delirium occurred within 3 days in 39 participants (11.6%). After adjusting for baseline function, participants who developed postoperative delirium self-reported worse cognitive function (mean difference [MD] -2.64 [95% CI -5.25, -0.04]; p = 0.047) up to 180 days after surgery, as compared with nondelirious patients. This finding was consistent with those obtained from objective t-MoCA assessments (MD -0.77 [95% CI -1.49, -0.04]; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS In this cohort of older patients undergoing cardiac surgery, in-hospital delirium was associated with SCD up to 180 days after surgery. This finding suggested that measures of SCD may enable population-level insights into the burden of cognitive decline associated with postoperative delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Namirembe
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Baker
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Marissa Albanese
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Ariel Mueller
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jason Z Qu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jennifer Mekonnen
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - M Brandon Westover
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Timothy T Houle
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Oluwaseun Akeju
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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Wiredu K, O’Connor S, Naseem H, Brauer BL, Kettenbach AN, Frost HR, Shaefi S, Gerber SA. Intraoperative plasma proteomic changes in cardiac surgery: In search of biomarkers of post-operative delirium. Proteomics Clin Appl 2023; 17:e2200066. [PMID: 36567636 PMCID: PMC10290728 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Delirium presents a significant healthcare burden. It complicates post-operative care in up to 50% of cardiac surgical patients with worse outcomes, longer hospital stays and higher cost of care. Moreover, the nature of delirium following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains unclear, the underlying pathobiology is poorly understood, status quo diagnostic methods are subjective, and diagnostic biomarkers are currently lacking. OBJECTIVE To identify diagnostic biomarkers of delirium and for insights into possible neuronal pathomechanisms. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Comparative proteomic analyses were performed on plasma samples from a nested matched cohort of patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Validation by targeted proteomics was performed in an independent set of samples. Biomarkers were assessed for biological functions and diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS Forty-seven percent of subjects demonstrated delirium. Of 3803 proteins identified from patient samples by multiplexed quantitative proteomics, 16 were identified as signatures of exposure to CPB, and 11 biomarkers distinguished delirium cases from non-cases (AuROC = 93%). Notable among these biomarkers are C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A-1 and cathepsin-B. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The interplay of systemic and central inflammatory markers sheds new light on delirium pathogenesis. This work suggests that accurate identification of cases may be achievable using panels of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwame Wiredu
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Mass General Hospital, Boston MA
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Sean O’Connor
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Heba Naseem
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Brooke L. Brauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Arminja N. Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Hildreth R. Frost
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Shahzad Shaefi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston MA
| | - Scott A. Gerber
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
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Wiredu K, Aduse-Poku E, Shaefi S, Gerber SA. Proteomics for the Discovery of Clinical Delirium Biomarkers: A Systematic Review of Major Studies. Anesth Analg 2023; 136:422-432. [PMID: 36580411 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Delirium represents a significant health care burden, diagnosed in more than 2 million elderly Americans each year. In the surgical population, delirium remains the most common complication among elderly patients, and is associated with longer hospital stays, higher costs of care, increased mortality, and functional impairment. The pathomechanism of disease is poorly understood, with current diagnostic approaches somewhat subjective and arbitrary, and definitive diagnostic biomarkers are currently lacking. Despite the recent interest in delirium research, biomarker discovery for it remains new. Most attempts to discover biomarkers are targeted studies that seek to assess the involvement of one or more members of a focused panel of candidates in delirium. For a more unbiased, system-biology view, we searched literature from Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Cochrane Central, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Dimensions between 2016 and 2021 for untargeted proteomic discovery studies for biomarkers of delirium conducted on human geriatric subjects. Two reviewers conducted an independent review of all search results and resolved discordance by consensus. From an overall search of 1172 publications, 8 peer-reviewed studies met our defined inclusion criteria. The 370 unique perioperative biomarkers identified in these reports are enriched in pathways involving activation of the immune system, inflammatory response, and the coagulation cascade. The most frequently identified biomarker was interleukin-6 (IL-6). By reviewing the distribution of protein biomarker candidates from these studies, we conclude that a panel of proteins, rather than a single biomarker, would allow for discriminating delirium cases from noncases. The paucity of hypothesis-generating studies in the peer-reviewed literature also suggests that a system-biology view of delirium pathomechanisms has yet to fully emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwame Wiredu
- From the Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Program in Quantitative Biomedical Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Shahzad Shaefi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School/Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Scott A Gerber
- From the Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Program in Quantitative Biomedical Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire.,Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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Brauer BL, Wiredu K, Gerber SA, Kettenbach AN. Evaluation of Quantification and Normalization Strategies for Phosphoprotein Phosphatase Affinity Proteomics: Application to Breast Cancer Signaling. J Proteome Res 2023; 22:47-61. [PMID: 36448918 PMCID: PMC10625046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Accurate quantification of proteomics data is essential for revealing and understanding biological signaling processes. We have recently developed a chemical proteomic strategy termed phosphatase inhibitor beads and mass spectrometry (PIB-MS) to investigate endogenous phosphoprotein phosphatase (PPP) dephosphorylation signaling. Here, we compare the robustness and reproducibility of status quo quantification methods for optimal performance and ease of implementation. We then apply PIB-MS to an array of breast cancer cell lines to determine differences in PPP signaling between subtypes. Breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer death in women, consists of three main subtypes: estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), human epidermal growth factor receptor two positive (HER2+), and triple-negative (TNBC). Although there are effective treatment strategies for ER+ and HER2+ subtypes, tumors become resistant and progress. Furthermore, TNBC has few targeted therapies. Therefore, there is a need to identify new approaches for treating breast cancers. Using PIB-MS, we distinguished TNBC from non-TNBC based on subtype-specific PPP holoenzyme composition. In addition, we identified an increase in PPP interactions with Hippo pathway proteins in TNBC. These interactions suggest that phosphatases in TNBC play an inhibitory role on the Hippo pathway and correlate with increased expression of YAP/TAZ target genes both in TNBC cell lines and in TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Brauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
| | - Scott A. Gerber
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
| | - Arminja N. Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH
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Bastien AJ, Wiredu K, Lee AY, Rees C, Hinchcliff MT, Paydarfar JA. Quantitative Evaluation of Aerosol Generation During In-Office Flexible Laryngoscopy. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 148:1140-1146. [PMID: 36301539 PMCID: PMC9614674 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoto.2022.3316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Importance Despite growing scientific knowledge and research, it is still unknown if office flexible laryngoscopy (FL) is aerosol generating and thereby potentially increases the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. The limited literature that exists is conflicting, precluding formal conclusions. Objective To determine whether FL is aerosol generating. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective cohort study included 134 patients seen in the otolaryngology clinic at a single tertiary care academic institution between February and May 2021. Two optical particle sizer instruments were used, quantifying particles ranging from 0.02 μm to 5 μm. Measurements were taken every 30 seconds, with sample periods of 15 seconds throughout the patient encounter. Instruments were located 12 inches from the patient's nares. Timing of events was recorded, including the start and end of physical examination, topical spray administration, start and end of laryngoscopy, and other potential aerosol-generating events (eg, coughing, sneezing). Data analysis was performed from February to May 2021. Exposures Office examination and office FL. Main Outcomes and Measures Bayesian online change point detection (OCPD) algorithm was used to detect significant change points (CPs) in this time-series data. The primary outcome was significant CP after FL compared with baseline physiologic variations, such as breathing and phonation. Results Data were collected from 134 patients between February and May 2021. Ninety-one encounters involved FL. Of this group, 51 patients (56%) wore no mask over their mouth during FL. There was no statistically significant CP in either visits involving FL or visits where FL was not performed. Use of nasal spray did not result in CP in aerosol levels. Overall, neither the number of people present in the examination room, masks over patients' mouth, the duration of the visit, nor the duration of FL were associated with mean aerosol counts, regardless of the exposure. For larger aerosol sizes (≥1 μm), however, rooms with higher air exchange rates had significantly higher reductions in mean aerosol counts for visits involving FL. Conclusions and Relevance The findings of this cohort study support that FL, including topical spray administration, is not a significant aerosol-generating procedure. The Bayesian OCPD model has a promising application for future aerosol studies in otolaryngology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Bastien
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California,Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Andrew Y. Lee
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Christiaan Rees
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire,Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mason T. Hinchcliff
- Section of Otolaryngology, Audiology, & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
| | - Joseph A. Paydarfar
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire,Section of Otolaryngology, Audiology, & Maxillofacial Surgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire
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Brauer BL, Wiredu K, Mitchell S, Moorhead GB, Gerber SA, Kettenbach AN. Affinity-based profiling of endogenous phosphoprotein phosphatases by mass spectrometry. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:4919-4943. [PMID: 34518704 PMCID: PMC8822503 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00604-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoprotein phosphatases (PPPs) execute >90% of serine/threonine dephosphorylation in cells and tissues. While the role of PPPs in cell biology and diseases such as cancer, cardiac hypertrophy and Alzheimer's disease is well established, the molecular mechanisms governing and governed by PPPs still await discovery. Here we describe a chemical proteomic strategy, phosphatase inhibitor beads and mass spectrometry (PIB-MS), that enables the identification and quantification of PPPs and their posttranslational modifications in as little as 12 h. Using a specific but nonselective PPP inhibitor immobilized on beads, PIB-MS enables the efficient affinity-capture, identification and quantification of endogenous PPPs and associated proteins ('PPPome') from cells and tissues. PIB-MS captures functional, endogenous PPP subunit interactions and enables discovery of new binding partners. It performs PPP enrichment without exogenous expression of tagged proteins or specific antibodies. Because PPPs are among the most conserved proteins across evolution, PIB-MS can be employed in any cell line, tissue or organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke L. Brauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
| | - Sierra Mitchell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Greg B. Moorhead
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Scott A. Gerber
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA,Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA
| | - Arminja N. Kettenbach
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA,Correspondence: , Phone: 603-653-9068, Website: https://kettenbachlab.org/
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Schroeck H, Wiredu K, Ko TW, Record D, Sirovich B. Survey research in anesthesiology: a field guide to interpretation. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2020; 45:544-551. [PMID: 32354845 DOI: 10.1136/rapm-2020-101299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survey research, indispensable for assessing subjective outcomes in anesthesiology, can nonetheless be challenging to undertake and interpret. OBJECTIVE To present a user-friendly guide for the appraisal of survey-derived evidence, and to apply it to published survey research in the anesthesia literature. METHODS Synthesizing published expert guidance regarding methodology and reporting, we discuss five essential criteria (with subcomponents) for evaluating survey research: (1) relevance of survey outcome to research objective, (2) trustworthiness of the instrument (testing/validation, availability), (3) collecting information well (sampling, administration), (4) representativeness (response rate), and (5) guidance towards interpretation of survey findings (generalizability, interpretation of numerical outcomes). These criteria were subsequently applied by two independent assessors to original research articles reporting survey findings, published in the five highest impact general anesthesia journals ('Anaesthesia', 'Anesthesia & Analgesia', 'Anesthesiology', 'British Journal of Anaesthesia' and 'European Journal of Anaesthesiology') between July 01, 2016, and December 31, 2017, which were identified using a prespecified PubMed search strategy. RESULTS Among 1107 original articles published, we identified 97 reporting survey research either employing novel survey instruments (58%), established surveys (30%), or sets of single-item scores (12%). The extent to which reader-oriented benchmarks were achieved varied by component and between survey types. Results were particularly mixed for validation (mentioned for 41% of novel and 86% of established surveys) and discussion of generalizability (59% of novel survey reports, 45% of established surveys, and 17% of sets of single-item scores). CONCLUSION Survey research is not uncommon in anesthesiology, frequently employs novel survey instruments, and demonstrates mixed results in terms of transparency and interpretability. We provide readers with a practical framework for critical interpretation of survey-derived outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedwig Schroeck
- Anesthesiology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA .,Anesthesiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health System, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Kwame Wiredu
- Anesthesiology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Tae Wuk Ko
- Anesthesiology, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - David Record
- Anesthesiology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Health System, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Brenda Sirovich
- Medicine, White River Junction VA Medical Center, White River Junction, Vermont, USA.,The Dartmouth Institute, Dartmouth College Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
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