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Ibrahimova A, Winestone LE, Miller TP, Kettler K, Seif AE, Huang YS, Elgarten CW, Myers RM, Fisher BT, Aplenc R, Getz KD. Presentation acuity, induction mortality, and resource utilization in infants with acute leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2021; 68:e28940. [PMID: 33704911 PMCID: PMC8283996 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.28940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of infants with acute leukemia remains challenging, especially for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). Infants have shown markedly higher rates of induction mortality compared with noninfants. There are limited data on presentation acuity and supportive care utilization in this age group. METHODS In retrospective analyses of patients treated for new onset ALL or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at pediatric hospitals contributing to the Pediatric Health Information System, we compared presentation acuity, induction mortality, and resource utilization in infants relative to noninfants less than 10 years at diagnosis. RESULTS Analyses included 10 359 children with ALL (405 infants, 9954 noninfants) and 871 AML (189 infants, 682 noninfants). Infants were more likely to present with multisystem organ failure compared to noninfants for both ALL (12% and 1%, PR = 10.8, 95% CI: 7.4, 15.7) and AML (6% vs. 3%; PR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0, 3.7). Infants with ALL had higher induction mortality compared to noninfants, even after accounting for differences in anthracycline exposure and presentation acuity (2.7% vs. 0.5%, HR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.0, 4.8). Conversely, infants and noninfants with AML had similar rates of induction mortality (3.2% vs. 2.1%, HR = 1.2, 95% CI: 0.3, 3.9), which were comparable to rates among infants with ALL. Infants with ALL and AML had greater requirements for blood products, diuretics, supplemental oxygen, and ventilation during induction relative to noninfants. CONCLUSIONS Infants with leukemia present with higher acuity compared with noninfants. Induction mortality and supportive care requirements for infants with ALL were similar to all children with AML, and significantly higher than those for noninfants with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azada Ibrahimova
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Einstein Healthcare Network Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lena E. Winestone
- Division of AIBMT, Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tamara P. Miller
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kyle Kettler
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alix E. Seif
- Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yuan-Shung Huang
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Caitlin W. Elgarten
- Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Regina M. Myers
- Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brian T. Fisher
- Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Division of Infectious Diseases, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard Aplenc
- Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kelly D. Getz
- Division of Oncology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA,Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Gabriel H, Müller HJ, Kettler K, Brechtel L, Urhausen A, Kindermann W. Increased phagocytic capacity of the blood, but decreased phagocytic activity per individual circulating neutrophil after an ultradistance run. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1995; 71:281-4. [PMID: 7588702 DOI: 10.1007/bf00854992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The effect of a long strenuous endurance exercise on the phagocytic function of neutrophils was examined. 9 athletes [7 males, 2 females, age: 36-68 years, body mass: 64 (SD 10) kg, height: 175 (SD 10) cm] completed a competetive 100 km run in 8:07 (median value; range: 7:29-9:50 hours). In a whole blood assay the phagocytosis of opsonized E. coli, the receptor density of the Fc gamma receptor 3 (CD16) and the complement receptor 3 (CD11b, direct immunofluorescence) of neutrophils were measured on a per cell basis by flow cytometry before and up to 3 hours after the race. The phagocytic rate (percentage of neutrophils incorporating bacteria) was unchanged after exercise, whereas the phagocytic activity (number of incorporated bacteria per cell) was significantly reduced by -34 (SD 8) % (Wilcoxon test, P < 0.001). The total phagocytic capacity of the blood increased 2-3fold post exercise. The surface antigen expressions of CD11b and CD16 were unaffected by the ultradistance run. The results indicate either a reduced phagocytic function of neutrophils on a single cell basis or the mobilization of neutrophils of the marginal pool with a lower phagocytic activity. However, after a long endurance exercise the phagocytotic capacity of the blood was enhanced due to increased cell concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Gabriel
- Institute of Sports and Performance Medicine, University of Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Loos W, Kettler K, Hellberg K, Klaess G, Kontokollias JS, de Vivie R. [Haemodynamics and tolerance to hypoxia of the myocardium under 6%-oxygen ventilation following acute isovolaemic haemodilution in experimental animals (author's transl)]. Anaesthesist 1976; 25:137-42. [PMID: 1275211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
1. In experiments on closed chest dogs in a control group and a group of previous isovolaemic haemodiluted dogs a cardiovascular stress was produced by means of reduction of inspiratory O2 content to 6% O2--2. Under haemodilution only small changes of the heart rate, aortic pressure and dp/dtmax occurred, pointing to a decreased sympathoadrenergic response. Augmentation of LVEDP and pulmonary artery pressure is considered to be related to left ventricular insufficiency.--3. According to haemodynamic changes myocardial O2 demand in the control group during hypoxia is increasedby 120% and in contrast remains unchanged after previous haemodilution.--4. Despite the reduced oxygen content under haemodilution severe arterial hypoxemia affects mean survival time of the animals (18.5 min and 21.5 min respectively) only little. However, there is a greater variation from 11 to 26 min in the haemodiluted animals.
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