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Fernald DH, Mullen R, Hall T, Bienstock A, Kirchner S, Knierim K, de la Cerda D, Callan D, Rhyne RL, Dickinson LM, Dickinson WP. Exemplary Practices in Cardiovascular Care: Results on Clinical Quality Measures from the EvidenceNOW Southwest Cooperative. J Gen Intern Med 2020; 35:3197-3204. [PMID: 32808208 PMCID: PMC7661662 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-020-06094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying characteristics of primary care practices that perform well on cardiovascular clinical quality measures (CQMs) may point to important practice improvement strategies. OBJECTIVE To identify practice characteristics associated with high performance on four cardiovascular disease CQMs. DESIGN Longitudinal cohort study among 211 primary care practices in Colorado and New Mexico. Quarterly CQM reports were obtained from 178 (84.4%) practices. There was 100% response rate for baseline practice characteristics and implementation tracking surveys. Follow-up implementation tracking surveys were completed for 80.6% of practices. PARTICIPANTS Adult patients, staff, and clinicians in family medicine, general internal medicine, and mixed-specialty practices. INTERVENTION Practices received 9 months of practice facilitation and health information technology support, plus biannual collaborative learning sessions. MAIN MEASURES This study identified practice characteristics associated with overall highest performance using area under the curve (AUC) analysis on aspirin therapy, blood pressure management, and smoking cessation CQMs. RESULTS Among 178 practices, 39 were exemplars. Exemplars were more likely to be a Federally Qualified Health Center (69.2% vs 35.3%, p = 0.0006), have an underserved designation (69.2% vs 45.3%, p = 0.0083), and have higher percentage of patients with Medicaid (p < 0.0001). Exemplars reported greater use of cardiovascular disease registries (61.5% vs 29.5%,), standing orders (38.5 vs 22.3%) or electronic health record prompts (84.6% vs 49.6%) (all p < 0.05), were more likely to have medical home recognition (74.4% vs 43.2%, p = 0.0006), and reported greater implementation of building blocks of high-performing primary care: regular quality improvement team meetings (3.0 vs 2.2), patient experience survey (3.1 vs 2.2), and resources for patients to manage their health (3.0 vs 2.3). High improvers (n = 45) showed greater improvement implementing team-based care (32.8 vs 11.7, p = 0.0004) and population management (37.4 vs 20.5, p = 0.0057). CONCLUSIONS Multiple strategies-registries, prompts and protocols, patient self-management support, and patient-team partnership activities-were associated with delivering high-quality cardiovascular care over time, measured by CQMs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02515578.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas H Fernald
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Rebecca Mullen
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Tristen Hall
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Andrew Bienstock
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stephanie Kirchner
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kyle Knierim
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dionisia de la Cerda
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Danelle Callan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Robert L Rhyne
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - L Miriam Dickinson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - W Perry Dickinson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
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Hill B, Spadafore S, Knierim K, Khodaee M. Atraumatic Calf Swelling In Recreational Cyclist. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562374.06693.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cohen DJ, Dorr DA, Knierim K, DuBard CA, Hemler JR, Hall JD, Marino M, Solberg LI, McConnell KJ, Nichols LM, Nease DE, Edwards ST, Wu WY, Pham-Singer H, Kho AN, Phillips RL, Rasmussen LV, Duffy FD, Balasubramanian BA. Primary Care Practices' Abilities And Challenges In Using Electronic Health Record Data For Quality Improvement. Health Aff (Millwood) 2019; 37:635-643. [PMID: 29608365 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Federal value-based payment programs require primary care practices to conduct quality improvement activities, informed by the electronic reports on clinical quality measures that their electronic health records (EHRs) generate. To determine whether EHRs produce reports adequate to the task, we examined survey responses from 1,492 practices across twelve states, supplemented with qualitative data. Meaningful-use participation, which requires the use of a federally certified EHR, was associated with the ability to generate reports-but the reports did not necessarily support quality improvement initiatives. Practices reported numerous challenges in generating adequate reports, such as difficulty manipulating and aligning measurement time frames with quality improvement needs, lack of functionality for generating reports on electronic clinical quality measures at different levels, discordance between clinical guidelines and measures available in reports, questionable data quality, and vendors that were unreceptive to changing EHR configuration beyond federal requirements. The current state of EHR measurement functionality may be insufficient to support federal initiatives that tie payment to clinical quality measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah J Cohen
- Deborah J. Cohen ( ) is a professor of family medicine and vice chair of research in the Department of Family Medicine at Oregon Health & Science University, in Portland
| | - David A Dorr
- David A. Dorr is a professor and vice chair of medical informatics and clinical epidemiology, both at Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Kyle Knierim
- Kyle Knierim is an assistant research professor of family medicine and associate director of the Practice Innovation Program, both at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, in Aurora
| | - C Annette DuBard
- C. Annette DuBard is vice president of Clinical Strategy at Aledade, Inc., in Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer R Hemler
- Jennifer R. Hemler is a research associate in the Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Research Division, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, in New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Jennifer D Hall
- Jennifer D. Hall is a research associate in family medicine at Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Miguel Marino
- Miguel Marino is an assistant professor of family medicine at Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Leif I Solberg
- Leif I. Solberg is a senior adviser and director for care improvement research at HealthPartners Institute, in Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - K John McConnell
- K. John McConnell is a professor of emergency medicine and director of the Center for Health Systems Effectiveness, both at Oregon Health & Science University
| | - Len M Nichols
- Len M. Nichols is director of the Center for Health Policy Research and Ethics and a professor of health policy at George Mason University, in Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Donald E Nease
- Donald E. Nease Jr is an associate professor of family medicine at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, in Aurora
| | - Samuel T Edwards
- Samuel T. Edwards is an assistant research professor of family medicine and an assistant professor of medicine at Oregon Health & Science University and a staff physician in the Section of General Internal Medicine, Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System
| | - Winfred Y Wu
- Winfred Y. Wu is clinical and scientific director in the Primary Care Information Project at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, in Long Island City, New York
| | - Hang Pham-Singer
- Hang Pham-Singer is senior director of quality improvement in the Primary Care Information Project at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene
| | - Abel N Kho
- Abel N. Kho is an associate professor and director of the Center for Health Information Partnerships, Northwestern University, in Chicago, Illinois
| | - Robert L Phillips
- Robert L. Phillips Jr is vice president for research and policy at the American Board of Family Medicine, in Washington, D.C
| | - Luke V Rasmussen
- Luke V. Rasmussen is a clinical research associate in the Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - F Daniel Duffy
- F. Daniel Duffy is professor of medical informatics and internal medicine at the University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine-Tulsa
| | - Bijal A Balasubramanian
- Bijal A. Balasubramanian is an associate professor in the Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, and regional dean of UTHealth School of Public Health, in Dallas, Texas
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Knierim K, Khodaee M. Bilateral Hip Pain in a Child. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000400483.05390.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ochsner KN, Zaki J, Hanelin J, Ludlow DH, Knierim K, Ramachandran T, Glover GH, Mackey SC. Your pain or mine? Common and distinct neural systems supporting the perception of pain in self and other. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2008; 3:144-60. [PMID: 19015105 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsn006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans possess a remarkable capacity to understand the suffering of others. Cognitive neuroscience theories of empathy suggest that this capacity is supported by 'shared representations' of self and other. Consistent with this notion, a number of studies have found that perceiving others in pain and experiencing pain oneself recruit overlapping neural systems. Perception of pain in each of these conditions, however, may also cause unique patterns of activation, that may reveal more about the processing steps involved in each type of pain. To address this issue, we examined neural activity while participants experienced heat pain and watched videos of other individuals experiencing injuries. Results demonstrated (i) that both tasks activated anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula, consistent with prior work; (ii) whereas self-pain activated anterior and mid insula regions implicated in interoception and nociception, other pain activated frontal, premotor, parietal and amygdala regions implicated in emotional learning and processing social cues; and (iii) that levels of trait anxiety correlated with activity in rostral lateral prefrontal cortex during perception of other pain but not during self-pain. Taken together, these data support the hypothesis that perception of pain in self and other, while sharing some neural commonalities, differ in their recruitment of systems specifically associated with decoding and learning about internal or external cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin N Ochsner
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, Schermerhorn Hall, 1190 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Ochsner KN, Ludlow DH, Knierim K, Hanelin J, Ramachandran T, Glover GC, Mackey SC. Neural correlates of individual differences in pain-related fear and anxiety. Pain 2005; 120:69-77. [PMID: 16364548 PMCID: PMC2914607 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2005.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2005] [Revised: 09/25/2005] [Accepted: 10/17/2005] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although individual differences in fear and anxiety modulate the pain response and may even cause more suffering than the initiating physical stimulus, little is known about the neural systems mediating this relationship. The present study provided the first examination of the neural correlates of individual differences in the tendency to (1) feel anxious about the potentially negative implications of physical sensations, as measured by the anxiety sensitivity index (ASI), and (2) fear various types of physical pain, as indexed by the fear of pain questionnaire (FPQ). In separate sessions, participants completed these questionnaires and experienced alternating blocks of noxious thermal stimulation (45-50 degrees C) and neutral thermal stimulation (38 degrees C) during the collection of whole-brain fMRI data. Regression analyses demonstrated that during the experience of pain, ASI scores predicted activation of a medial prefrontal region associated with self-focused attention, whereas FPQ scores predicted activation of a ventral lateral frontal region associated with response regulation and anterior and posterior cingulate regions associated with monitoring and evaluation of affective responses. These functional relationships cannot be wholly explained by generalized anxiety (indexed by STAI-T scores), which did not significantly correlate with activation of any regions. The present findings may help clarify both the impact of individual differences in emotion on the neural correlates of pain, and the roles in anxiety, fear, and pain processing played by medial and orbitofrontal systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin N. Ochsner
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, Schermerhorn Hall, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 212 854 5548. (K.N. Ochsner)
| | - David H. Ludlow
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Kyle Knierim
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Josh Hanelin
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, Schermerhorn Hall, 1190 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tara Ramachandran
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - Gary C. Glover
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sean C. Mackey
- Division of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesia, Stanford University, CA, USA
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Golby A, Silverberg G, Race E, Gabrieli S, O'Shea J, Knierim K, Stebbins G, Gabrieli J. Memory encoding in Alzheimer's disease: an fMRI study of explicit and implicit memory. Brain 2005; 128:773-87. [PMID: 15705615 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awh400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. Although the cognitive deficits and pathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease have been well characterized, few functional imaging studies have examined the functional competency of specific brain regions and their relationship to specific behavioural memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease. We used functional MRI (fMRI) to examine seven early stage Alzheimer's disease patients and seven healthy age-matched neurologically normal control subjects during intentional encoding of scenes. Subjects viewed blocks of novel scenes, repeated scenes or baseline. Data were analysed using whole-brain statistical parametric mapping and region of interest approaches. The Alzheimer's disease group demonstrated impaired explicit recognition memory, but intact implicit memory (repetition priming), for the scenes. Alzheimer's disease patients demonstrated a graded deficit in activation for novel versus repeated scenes along the ventral visual stream, with most impaired activation changes in the mesial temporal lobe (MTL) and fusiform regions, most preserved activations in primary visual cortex and variably affected activations in secondary visual areas. Group-level correlations with behavioural measures of explicit memory were found in MTL, lingual and fusiform areas, whereas correlations with priming were found in lateral occipital, parietal and frontal areas. Together, these fMRI findings indicate a dissociation in Alzheimer's disease between impaired explicit memory encoding in MTL and fusiform regions and intact implicit encoding in earlier-stage occipital cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Golby
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Ochsner KN, Knierim K, Ludlow DH, Hanelin J, Ramachandran T, Glover G, Mackey SC. Reflecting upon Feelings: An fMRI Study of Neural Systems Supporting the Attribution of Emotion to Self and Other. J Cogn Neurosci 2004; 16:1746-72. [PMID: 15701226 DOI: 10.1162/0898929042947829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Understanding one's own and other individual's emotional states is essential for maintaining emotional equilibrium and strong social bonds. Although the neural substrates supporting reflection upon one's own feelings have been investigated, no studies have directly examined attributions about the internal emotional states of others to determine whether common or distinct neural systems support these abilities. The present study sought to directly compare brain regions involved in judging one's own, as compared to another individual's, emotional state. Thirteen participants viewed mixed valence blocks of photos drawn from the International Affective Picture System while whole-brain fMRI data were collected. Preblock cues instructed participants to evaluate either their emotional response to each photo, the emotional state of the central figure in each photo, or (in a baseline condition) whether the photo was taken indoors or outdoors. Contrasts indicated (1) that both self and other judgments activated the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), the superior temporal gyrus, and the posterior cingulate/precuneus, (2) that self judgments selectively activated subregions of the MPFC and the left temporal cortex, whereas (3) other judgments selectively activated the left lateral prefrontal cortex (including Broca's area) and the medial occipital cortex. These results suggest (1) that self and other evaluation of emotion rely on a network of common mechanisms centered on the MPFC, which has been hypothesized to support mental state attributions in general, and (2) that medial and lateral PFC regions selectively recruited by self or other judgments may be involved in attention to, and elaboration of, internally as opposed to externally generated information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin N Ochsner
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Jolley WB, Hinshaw DB, Knierim K, Hinshaw DB. Magnetic field effects on calcium efflux and insulin secretion in isolated rabbit islets of Langerhans. Bioelectromagnetics 1983; 4:103-6. [PMID: 6340695 DOI: 10.1002/bem.2250040110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Jolley WB, Knierim K, Hinshaw DB, Ham JM, Hinshaw DB. Successful allografts of pancreatic islets in diabetic rabbits after donor-specific blood transfusion and antilymphocyte serum treatment. Transplant Proc 1982; 14:413-4. [PMID: 6810523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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