Ruglass LM, Shevorykin A, Zhao Y, Killeen TK, Bauer AG, Morgan-López AA, Back SE, Fitzpatrick S, López-Castro T, Norman SB, Saavedra LM, Hien DA. Self-report and urine drug screen concordance among women with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders participating in a clinical trial: Impact of drug type and participant characteristics.
Drug Alcohol Depend 2023;
244:109769. [PMID:
36696843 PMCID:
PMC9987239 DOI:
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109769]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Self-report measures are important in substance use assessment, yet they are susceptible to reporting errors. Urine drug screens (UDS) are often considered a more valid alternative. However, collecting in-person UDS may not always be feasible, contributing to the need to understand factors that influence the validity of self-reported substance use.
METHODS
In this secondary analysis of data from 295 women with co-occurring PTSD and substance use disorders (SUD) who participated in a clinical trial testing behavioral interventions, we examined concordance and discordance between self-reported drug use and associated UDS results. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the impact of treatment type and participant characteristics on the associations between self-reported drug use and UDS results.
RESULTS
Findings revealed higher disagreement between self-report and UDS for opioids and sedatives (ranging from.77 to.90) and lower disagreement rates for cannabis and cocaine (ranging from.26 to.33). Treatment type was not a significant moderator of the associations between self-report and UDS across all drugs. Among those with a positive opioid UDS, those who reported employment in the past three years were more likely to self-report no opioid use compared to their counterparts without employment in the past three years.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings add to the literature that supports the validity of self-reported cannabis and cocaine use. The greater discrepancies between self-report and UDS test results of opioids and sedatives suggest adjunctive UDS may be required, although a variety of factors other than inaccurate self-report may be associated with this discrepancy.
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