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Schigt H, Bald M, van der Eerden BCJ, Gal L, Ilenwabor BP, Konrad M, Levine MA, Li D, Mache CJ, Mackin S, Perry C, Rios FJ, Schlingmann KP, Storey B, Trapp CM, Verkerk AJMH, Zillikens MC, Touyz RM, Hoorn EJ, Hoenderop JGJ, de Baaij JHF. Expanding the Phenotypic Spectrum of Kenny-Caffey Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e754-e768. [PMID: 36916904 PMCID: PMC10438882 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Kenny-Caffey syndrome (KCS) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by short stature, hypoparathyroidism, and electrolyte disturbances. KCS1 and KCS2 are caused by pathogenic variants in TBCE and FAM111A, respectively. Clinically the phenotypes are difficult to distinguish. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine and expand the phenotypic spectrum of KCS1 and KCS2 in order to anticipate complications that may arise in these disorders. METHODS We clinically and genetically analyzed 10 KCS2 patients from 7 families. Because we found unusual phenotypes in our cohort, we performed a systematic review of genetically confirmed KCS cases using PubMed and Scopus. Evaluation by 3 researchers led to the inclusion of 26 papers for KCS1 and 16 for KCS2, totaling 205 patients. Data were extracted following the Cochrane guidelines and assessed by 2 independent researchers. RESULTS Several patients in our KCS2 cohort presented with intellectual disability (3/10) and chronic kidney disease (6/10), which are not considered common findings in KCS2. Systematic review of all reported KCS cases showed that the phenotypes of KCS1 and KCS2 overlap for postnatal growth retardation (KCS1: 52/52, KCS2: 23/23), low parathyroid hormone levels (121/121, 16/20), electrolyte disturbances (139/139, 24/27), dental abnormalities (47/50, 15/16), ocular abnormalities (57/60, 22/23), and seizures/spasms (103/115, 13/16). Symptoms more prevalent in KCS1 included intellectual disability (74/80, 5/24), whereas in KCS2 bone cortical thickening (1/18, 16/20) and medullary stenosis (7/46, 27/28) were more common. CONCLUSION Our case series established chronic kidney disease as a new feature of KCS2. In the literature, we found substantial overlap in the phenotypic spectra of KCS1 and KCS2, but identified intellectual disability and the abnormal bone phenotype as the most distinguishing features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Schigt
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bald
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Olga Hospital, Clinics of Stuttgart, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bram C J van der Eerden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lars Gal
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barnabas P Ilenwabor
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Konrad
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael A Levine
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Center for Bone Health, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christoph J Mache
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria
| | - Sharon Mackin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 0SF, UK
| | - Colin Perry
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK
| | - Francisco J Rios
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 2R9, Canada
| | - Karl Peter Schlingmann
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ben Storey
- Oxford Kidney Unit, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK
| | - Christine M Trapp
- Trapp-Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT 06106, USA
| | - Annemieke J M H Verkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3H 2R9, Canada
| | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Schigt H, Bald M, van der Eerden BCJ, Gal L, Ilenwabor BP, Konrad M, Levine MA, Li D, Mache CJ, Mackin S, Perry C, Rios FJ, Schlingmann KP, Storey B, Trapp CM, Verkerk AJMH, Zillikens MC, Touyz RM, Hoorn EJ, Hoenderop JGJ, de Baaij JHF. Withdrawn as duplicate: Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of Kenny-Caffey syndrome: a case series and systematic literature review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e501. [PMID: 36919775 PMCID: PMC10883768 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn due to a publisher error that caused it to be duplicated. The definitive version of this article is published under https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgad147.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Schigt
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Bald
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Olgahospital, Clinics of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Bram C J van der Eerden
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lars Gal
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barnabas P Ilenwabor
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Konrad
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of General Pediatrics, University Children`s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael A Levine
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes and Center for Bone Health, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christoph J Mache
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sharon Mackin
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin Perry
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Francisco J Rios
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karl Peter Schlingmann
- Pediatric Nephrology, Department of General Pediatrics, University Children`s Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ben Storey
- Oxford Kidney Unit, Oxford University Hospitals, UK
| | - Christine M Trapp
- Trapp-Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
- Division of Endocrinology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Hartford, CT
| | - Annemieke J M H Verkerk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Spektor G, Kilbane D, Mahro AK, Frank B, Ristok S, Gal L, Kahl P, Podbiel D, Mathias S, Giessen H, Meyer Zu Heringdorf FJ, Orenstein M, Aeschlimann M. Revealing the subfemtosecond dynamics of orbital angular momentum in nanoplasmonic vortices. Science 2017; 355:1187-1191. [PMID: 28302854 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaj1699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The ability of light to carry and deliver orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the form of optical vortices has attracted much interest. The physical properties of light with a helical wavefront can be confined onto two-dimensional surfaces with subwavelength dimensions in the form of plasmonic vortices, opening avenues for thus far unknown light-matter interactions. Because of their extreme rotational velocity, the ultrafast dynamics of such vortices remained unexplored. Here we show the detailed spatiotemporal evolution of nanovortices using time-resolved two-photon photoemission electron microscopy. We observe both long- and short-range plasmonic vortices confined to deep subwavelength dimensions on the scale of 100 nanometers with nanometer spatial resolution and subfemtosecond time-step resolution. Finally, by measuring the angular velocity of the vortex, we directly extract the OAM magnitude of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Spektor
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - D Kilbane
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.,School of Physics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - A K Mahro
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - B Frank
- 4th Physics Institute and Stuttgart Center of Photonics Engineering (SCoPE), University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - S Ristok
- 4th Physics Institute and Stuttgart Center of Photonics Engineering (SCoPE), University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - L Gal
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel
| | - P Kahl
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1-21, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - D Podbiel
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1-21, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - S Mathias
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.,I. Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - H Giessen
- 4th Physics Institute and Stuttgart Center of Photonics Engineering (SCoPE), University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - F-J Meyer Zu Heringdorf
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Lotharstrasse 1-21, 47057 Duisburg, Germany.
| | - M Orenstein
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 32000 Haifa, Israel.
| | - M Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and State Research Center for Optics and Materials Sciences (OPTIMAS), University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schroedinger Strasse 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Mary A, Modat G, Gal L, Bonne C. Leukotriene C4 decreases red blood cell deformabillty, as assessed by increased filtration index. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-1989-9204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mary
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Université Montpellier I, 15 ave Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier cedex, France
| | - G. Modat
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Université Montpellier I, 15 ave Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier cedex, France
| | - L. Gal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Université Montpellier I, 15 ave Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier cedex, France
| | - C. Bonne
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Université Montpellier I, 15 ave Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier cedex, France
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Blanchard JE, Gal L, He S, Foisy J, Warren RA, Withers SG. The identification of the catalytic nucleophiles of two beta-galactosidases from glycoside hydrolase family 35. Carbohydr Res 2001; 333:7-17. [PMID: 11423106 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The beta-galactosidases from Xanthomonas manihotis (beta-Gal Xmn) and Bacillus circulans (beta-Gal-3 Bcir) are retaining glycosidases that hydrolyze glycosidic bonds through a double displacement mechanism involving a covalent glycosyl-enzyme intermediate. The mechanism-based inactivator 2,4-dinitrophenyl 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-beta-D-galactopyranoside was shown to inactivate beta-Gal Xmn and beta-Gal-3 Bcir through the accumulation of 2-deoxy-2-fluorogalactosyl enzyme intermediates with half lives of 40 and 625 h, respectively. Peptic digestion of these labeled enzymes and analysis by LC-MS identified Glu(260) and Glu(233) as the catalytic nucleophiles involved in the formation of the glycosyl-enzyme intermediate during catalysis by beta-Gal Xmn and beta-Gal-3 Bcir, respectively. These findings confirm the previous prediction of the position of these residues based on primary sequence similarities to other members of the glycoside hydrolase family 35.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Blanchard
- Department of Chemistry, Protein Engineering Network of Centres of Excellence of Canada, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z1
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Mayer C, Jakeman DL, Mah M, Karjala G, Gal L, Warren RA, Withers SG. Directed evolution of new glycosynthases from Agrobacterium β-glucosidase: a general screen to detect enzymes for oligosaccharide synthesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001; 8:437-43. [PMID: 11358691 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-5521(01)00022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oligosaccharide synthesis is becoming increasingly important to industry as diverse therapeutic roles for these molecules are discovered. The chemical synthesis of oligosaccharides on an industrial scale is often prohibitively complex and costly. An alternative, that of enzymatic synthesis, is limited by the difficulty of obtaining an appropriate enzyme. A general screen for enzymes that catalyze the synthesis of the glycosidic bond would enable the identification and engineering of new or improved enzymes. RESULTS Glycosynthases are nucleophile mutants of retaining glycosidases that efficiently catalyze the synthesis of the glycosidic linkage by condensing an activated glycosyl fluoride donor with a suitable acceptor sugar. A novel agar plate-based coupled-enzyme screen was developed (using a two-plasmid system) and used to select an improved glycosynthase from a library of mutants. CONCLUSIONS Plate-based coupled-enzyme screens of this type are extremely valuable for identification of functional synthetic enzymes and can be applied to the evolution of a range of glycosyl transferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mayer
- Protein Engineering Nework of Centres of Excellence of Canada, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver
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Sulzenbacher G, Gal L, Peneff C, Fassy F, Bourne Y. Crystal structure of Streptococcus pneumoniae N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase bound to acetyl-coenzyme A reveals a novel active site architecture. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:11844-51. [PMID: 11118459 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m011225200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The bifunctional bacterial enzyme N-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GlmU) catalyzes the two-step formation of UDP-GlcNAc, a fundamental precursor in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis. With the emergence of new resistance mechanisms against beta-lactam and glycopeptide antibiotics, the biosynthetic pathway of UDP-GlcNAc represents an attractive target for drug design of new antibacterial agents. The crystal structures of Streptococcus pneumoniae GlmU in unbound form, in complex with acetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) and in complex with both AcCoA and the end product UDP-GlcNAc, have been determined and refined to 2.3, 2.5, and 1.75 A, respectively. The S. pneumoniae GlmU molecule is organized in two separate domains connected via a long alpha-helical linker and associates as a trimer, with the 50-A-long left-handed beta-helix (LbetaH) C-terminal domains packed against each other in a parallel fashion and the C-terminal region extended far away from the LbetaH core and exchanged with the beta-helix from a neighboring subunit in the trimer. AcCoA binding induces the formation of a long and narrow tunnel, enclosed between two adjacent LbetaH domains and the interchanged C-terminal region of the third subunit, giving rise to an original active site architecture at the junction of three subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sulzenbacher
- AFMB-UMR6098, 31 Chemin Joseph Aiguier, 13402 Marseille Cedex 20, France
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Vas G, Gal L, Harangi J, Dobo A, Vekey K. Determination of Volatile Aroma Compounds of Blaufrankisch Wines Extracted by Solid-Phase Microextraction. J Chromatogr Sci 1998. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/36.10.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Gal L, Gaudin C, Belaich A, Pages S, Tardif C, Belaich JP. CelG from Clostridium cellulolyticum: a multidomain endoglucanase acting efficiently on crystalline cellulose. J Bacteriol 1997; 179:6595-601. [PMID: 9352905 PMCID: PMC179584 DOI: 10.1128/jb.179.21.6595-6601.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The gene coding for CelG, a family 9 cellulase from Clostridium cellulolyticum, was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Four different forms of the protein were genetically engineered, purified, and studied: CelGL (the entire form of CelG), CelGcat1 (the catalytic domain of CelG alone), CelGcat2 (CelGcat1 plus 91 amino acids at the beginning of the cellulose binding domain [CBD]), and GST-CBD(CelG) (the CBD of CelG fused to glutathione S-transferase). The biochemical properties of CelG were compared with those of CelA, an endoglucanase from C. cellulolyticum which was previously studied. CelG, like CelA, was found to have an endo cutting mode of activity on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) but exhibited greater activity on crystalline substrates (bacterial microcrystalline cellulose and Avicel) than CelA. As observed with CelA, the presence of the nonhydrolytic miniscaffolding protein (miniCipC1) enhanced the activity of CelG on phosphoric acid swollen cellulose (PASC), but to a lesser extent. The absence of the CBD led to the complete inactivation of the enzyme. The abilities of CelG and GST-CBD(CelG) to bind various substrates were also studied. Although the entire enzyme is able to bind to crystalline cellulose at a limited number of sites, the chimeric protein GST-CBD(CelG) does not bind to either of the tested substrates (Avicel and PASC). The lack of independence between the two domains and the weak binding to cellulose suggest that this CBD-like domain may play a special role and be either directly or indirectly involved in the catalytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gal
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, IBSM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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Abstract
The role of a miniscaffolding protein, miniCipC1, forming part of Clostridium cellulolyticum scaffolding protein CipC in insoluble cellulose degradation was investigated. The parameters of the binding of miniCipC1, which contains a family III cellulose-binding domain (CBD), a hydrophilic domain, and a cohesin domain, to four insoluble celluloses were determined. At saturating concentrations, about 8.2 micromol of protein was bound per g of bacterial microcrystalline cellulose, while Avicel, colloidal Avicel, and phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose bound 0.28, 0.38, and 0.55 micromol of miniCipC1 per g, respectively. The dissociation constants measured varied between 1.3 x 10(-7) and 1.5 x 10(-8) M. These results are discussed with regard to the properties of the various substrates. The synergistic action of miniCipC1 and two forms of endoglucanase CelA (with and without the dockerin domain [CelA2 and CelA3, respectively]) in cellulose degradation was also studied. Although only CelA2 interacted with miniCipC1 (K(d), 7 x 10(-9) M), nonhydrolytic miniCipC1 enhanced the activities of endoglucanases CelA2 and CelA3 with all of the insoluble substrates tested. This finding shows that miniCipC1 plays two roles: it increases the enzyme concentration on the cellulose surface and enhances the accessibility of the enzyme to the substrate by modifying the structure of the cellulose, leading to an increased available cellulose surface area. In addition, the data obtained with a hybrid protein, CelA3-CBD(CipC), which was more active towards all of the insoluble substrates tested confirm that the CBD of the scaffolding protein plays an essential role in cellulose degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pagès
- Bioénérgetique et Ingéniérie des Protéines, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, IBSM-IFR1, Marseille, France
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Gal L, Pages S, Gaudin C, Belaich A, Reverbel-Leroy C, Tardif C, Belaich JP. Characterization of the cellulolytic complex (cellulosome) produced by Clostridium cellulolyticum. Appl Environ Microbiol 1997; 63:903-9. [PMID: 9055408 PMCID: PMC168382 DOI: 10.1128/aem.63.3.903-909.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellulolytic complex was isolated from Clostridium cellulolyticum grown on cellulose. Upon gel filtration, the complex was found to consist mainly of 600-kDa units, along with a 16-MDa aggregate. Its ability to degrade various substrates and its capacity to bind to the crystalline cellulose were measured. The results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, N-terminal sequencing, and blotting analysis showed that all of the known cellulases of this organism are present in this complex. Three major components were observed: the first component, a noncatalytic, large (160-kDa) protein, was identified based on its ability to bind to the dockerin-containing cellulases as scaffolding protein CipC. The other two components, which had molecular masses of 94 and 80.6 kDa, were identified as CelE and CelF, respectively. The identified cellulases and some other components of the cellulosome were able to bind to a miniCipC1 construct. In addition to providing an extensive description of the system, the results of the present study confirm that the dockerin-cohesin domain interaction plays an essential role in the constitution of the cellulosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gal
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique et Ingéniérie des Protéines, IFR C1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
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Stanciulea L, Neamtu J, Feder M, Segal E, Cristea P, Gal L. Considerations on the sintering of manganese-zinc ferrite for power applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00729893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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