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Hoffmann M, Henninger J, Veith J, Richter L, Judkewitz B. Blazed oblique plane microscopy reveals scale-invariant inference of brain-wide population activity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8019. [PMID: 38049412 PMCID: PMC10695970 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43741-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the size and opacity of vertebrate brains, it has until now been impossible to simultaneously record neuronal activity at cellular resolution across the entire adult brain. As a result, scientists are forced to choose between cellular-resolution microscopy over limited fields-of-view or whole-brain imaging at coarse-grained resolution. Bridging the gap between these spatial scales of understanding remains a major challenge in neuroscience. Here, we introduce blazed oblique plane microscopy to perform brain-wide recording of neuronal activity at cellular resolution in an adult vertebrate. Contrary to common belief, we find that inferences of neuronal population activity are near-independent of spatial scale: a set of randomly sampled neurons has a comparable predictive power as the same number of coarse-grained macrovoxels. Our work thus links cellular resolution with brain-wide scope, challenges the prevailing view that macroscale methods are generally inferior to microscale techniques and underscores the value of multiscale approaches to studying brain-wide activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Hoffmann
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Rockefeller University, New York, USA
| | - Jörg Henninger
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Veith
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Judkewitz
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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2
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Jermann N, Krusche B, Metag V, Afzal F, Badea M, Beck R, Bielefeldt P, Bieling J, Biroth M, Blanke E, Borisov N, Bornstein M, Brinkmann KT, Ciupka S, Crede V, Dolzhikov A, Drexler P, Dutz H, Elsner D, Fedorov A, Frommberger F, Gardner S, Ghosal D, Goertz S, Gorodnov I, Grüner M, Hammann C, Hartmann J, Hillert W, Hoffmeister P, Honisch C, Jude TC, Kalischewski F, Ketzer B, Klassen P, Klein F, Klempt E, Knaust J, Kolanus N, Kreit J, Krönert P, Lang M, Lazarev AB, Livingston K, Lutterer S, Mahlberg P, Meier C, Meyer W, Mitlasoczki B, Müllers J, Nanova M, Neganov A, Nikonov K, Noël JF, Ostrick M, Ottnad J, Otto B, Penman G, Poller T, Proft D, Reicherz G, Reinartz N, Richter L, Runkel S, Salisbury B, Sarantsev AV, Schaab D, Schmidt C, Schmieden H, Schultes J, Seifen T, Spieker K, Stausberg N, Steinacher M, Taubert F, Thiel A, Thoma U, Thomas A, Urban M, Urff G, Usov Y, van Pee H, Wang YC, Wendel C, Wiedner U, Wunderlich Y. Measurement of polarization observables T, P, and H in π0 and η photoproduction off quasi-free nucleons. Eur Phys J A Hadron Nucl 2023; 59:232. [PMID: 37860634 PMCID: PMC10582157 DOI: 10.1140/epja/s10050-023-01134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The target asymmetry T, recoil asymmetry P, and beam-target double polarization observable H were determined in exclusive π 0 and η photoproduction off quasi-free protons and, for the first time, off quasi-free neutrons. The experiment was performed at the electron stretcher accelerator ELSA in Bonn, Germany, with the Crystal Barrel/TAPS detector setup, using a linearly polarized photon beam and a transversely polarized deuterated butanol target. Effects from the Fermi motion of the nucleons within deuterium were removed by a full kinematic reconstruction of the final state invariant mass. A comparison of the data obtained on the proton and on the neutron provides new insight into the isospin structure of the electromagnetic excitation of the nucleon. Earlier measurements of polarization observables in the γ p → π 0 p and γ p → η p reactions are confirmed. The data obtained on the neutron are of particular relevance for clarifying the origin of the narrow structure in the η n system at W = 1.68 GeV . A comparison with recent partial wave analyses favors the interpretation of this structure as arising from interference of the S 11 ( 1535 ) and S 11 ( 1650 ) resonances within the S 11 -partial wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Jermann
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Krusche
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - V. Metag
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - F. Afzal
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Badea
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - R. Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - P. Bielefeldt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Bieling
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Biroth
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - E. Blanke
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - N. Borisov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - M. Bornstein
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - K.-T. Brinkmann
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - S. Ciupka
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - V. Crede
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - A. Dolzhikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - P. Drexler
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - H. Dutz
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - D. Elsner
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A. Fedorov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - F. Frommberger
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Gardner
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - D. Ghosal
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Present Address: resent address: University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - S. Goertz
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - I. Gorodnov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - M. Grüner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C. Hammann
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Hartmann
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - W. Hillert
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Present Address: resent address: University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - P. Hoffmeister
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C. Honisch
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - T. C. Jude
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - F. Kalischewski
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Ketzer
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - P. Klassen
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - F. Klein
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - E. Klempt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Knaust
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - N. Kolanus
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Kreit
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - P. Krönert
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Lang
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - K. Livingston
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S. Lutterer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Present Address: resent address: Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - P. Mahlberg
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C. Meier
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - W. Meyer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - B. Mitlasoczki
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Müllers
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Nanova
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - A. Neganov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - K. Nikonov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. F. Noël
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Ostrick
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - J. Ottnad
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Otto
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G. Penman
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - T. Poller
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - D. Proft
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G. Reicherz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - N. Reinartz
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - L. Richter
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Runkel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B. Salisbury
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A. V. Sarantsev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - D. Schaab
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C. Schmidt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - H. Schmieden
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - J. Schultes
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - T. Seifen
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - K. Spieker
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - N. Stausberg
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - M. Steinacher
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F. Taubert
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A. Thiel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - U. Thoma
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - A. Thomas
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Urban
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - G. Urff
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Y. Usov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
| | - H. van Pee
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Y. C. Wang
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - C. Wendel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - U. Wiedner
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Y. Wunderlich
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - CBELSA/TAPS Collaboration
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen-und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- II. Physikalisches Institut, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
- Physikalisches Institut, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Present Address: resent address: University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Present Address: resent address: University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Present Address: resent address: Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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3
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Richter L, Szalai AM, Manzanares-Palenzuela CL, Kamińska I, Tinnefeld P. Exploring the Synergies of Single-Molecule Fluorescence and 2D Materials Coupled by DNA. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2303152. [PMID: 37670535 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The world of 2D materials is steadily growing, with numerous researchers attempting to discover, elucidate, and exploit their properties. Approaches relying on the detection of single fluorescent molecules offer a set of advantages, for instance, high sensitivity and specificity, that allow the drawing of conclusions with unprecedented precision. Herein, it is argued how the study of 2D materials benefits from fluorescence-based single-molecule modalities, and vice versa. A special focus is placed on DNA, serving as a versatile adaptor when anchoring single dye molecules to 2D materials. The existing literature on the fruitful combination of the two fields is reviewed, and an outlook on the additional synergies that can be created between them provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Richter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus E, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Alan M Szalai
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus E, 81377, München, Germany
| | - C Lorena Manzanares-Palenzuela
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus E, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Izabela Kamińska
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus E, 81377, München, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Philip Tinnefeld
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus E, 81377, München, Germany
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4
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Mukhina T, Richter L, Vollhardt D, Brezesinski G, Schneck E. The Complete Phase Diagram of Monolayers of Enantiomeric N-Stearoyl-threonine Mixtures with Preferred Heterochiral Interactions. Langmuir 2022; 38:12521-12529. [PMID: 36209408 PMCID: PMC9583611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Langmuir monolayers of chiral amphiphiles are well-controlled model systems for the investigation of phenomena related to stereochemistry. Here, we have investigated mixed monolayers of one pair of enantiomers (l and d) of the amino-acid-based amphiphile N-stearoyl-threonine. The monolayer characteristics were studied by pressure-area isotherm measurements and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD) over a wide range of mixing ratios defined by the d-enantiomer mole fraction xD. While the isotherms provide insights into thermodynamical aspects, such as transition pressure, compression/decompression hysteresis, and preferential homo- and heterochiral interactions, GIXD reveals the molecular structural arrangements on the Ångström scale. Dominant heterochiral interactions in the racemic mixture lead to compound formation and the appearance of a nonchiral rectangular lattice, although the pure enantiomers form a chiral oblique lattice. Miscibility was found to be limited to mixtures with 0.27 ≲ xD ≲ 0.73, as well as to both outer edges (xD ≲ 0.08 and xD ≳ 0.92). Beyond this range, coexistence of oblique and rectangular lattices occurs, as is clearly seen in the GIXD patterns. Based on the results, a complete phase diagram with two eutectic points at xD ≈ 0.25 and xD ≈ 0.75 is proposed. Moreover, N-stearoyl-threonine was found to have a strong tendency to form a hydrogen-bonding network between the headgroups, which promotes superlattice formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Mukhina
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Lars Richter
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dieter Vollhardt
- Max-Planck
Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerald Brezesinski
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schneck
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics, Technical
University of Darmstadt, Hochschulstraße 8, 64289Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Pauge S, Surmann B, Züger A, Mathies V, Richter L, Mehlis K, Ernst T, Greiner W, Menold N, Winkler E. 1323P Towards the development of a German instrument to measure financial effects of a tumor disease: First results. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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6
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Decker S, Taschauer A, Geppl E, Pirhofer V, Schauer M, Pöschl S, Kopp F, Richter L, Ecker GF, Sami H, Ogris M. Structure-based peptide ligand design for improved epidermal growth factor receptor targeted gene delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 176:211-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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7
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Ding L, Zhou R, Yuan Y, Yang H, Li J, Yu T, Liu C, Wang J, Li S, Gao H, Deng Z, Li N, Wang Z, Gong Z, Liu G, Xie J, Wang S, Rong Z, Deng D, Wang X, Han S, Wan W, Richter L, Huang L, Gou S, Liu Z, Yu H, Jia Y, Chen B, Dang Z, Zhang K, Li L, He X, Liu S, Di K. A 2-year locomotive exploration and scientific investigation of the lunar farside by the Yutu-2 rover. Sci Robot 2022; 7:eabj6660. [PMID: 35044796 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.abj6660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The lunar nearside has been investigated by many uncrewed and crewed missions, but the farside of the Moon remains poorly known. Lunar farside exploration is challenging because maneuvering rovers with efficient locomotion in harsh extraterrestrial environment is necessary to explore geological characteristics of scientific interest. Chang'E-4 mission successfully targeted the Moon's farside and deployed a teleoperated rover (Yutu-2) to explore inside the Von Kármán crater, conveying rich information regarding regolith, craters, and rocks. Here, we report mobile exploration on the lunar farside with Yutu-2 over the initial 2 years. During its journey, Yutu-2 has experienced varying degrees of mild slip and skid, indicating that the terrain is relatively flat at large scales but scattered with local gentle slopes. Cloddy soil sticking on its wheels implies a greater cohesion of the lunar soil than encountered at other lunar landing sites. Further identification results indicate that the regolith resembles dry sand and sandy loam on Earth in bearing properties, demonstrating greater bearing strength than that identified during the Apollo missions. In sharp contrast to the sparsity of rocks along the traverse route, small fresh craters with unilateral moldable ejecta are abundant, and some of them contain high-reflectance materials at the bottom, suggestive of secondary impact events. These findings hint at notable differences in the surface geology between the lunar farside and nearside. Experience gained with Yutu-2 improves the understanding of the farside of the Moon, which, in return, may lead to locomotion with improved efficiency and larger range.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - R Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Y Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - H Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - J Li
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - T Yu
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - C Liu
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - J Wang
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - S Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - H Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Z Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - N Li
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Z Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Z Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - G Liu
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - J Xie
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - S Wang
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Z Rong
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - D Deng
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - X Wang
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China.,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics, Beijing 100094, China
| | - S Han
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - W Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - L Richter
- Large Space Structures GmbH, Hauptstrasse 1, D-85386 Eching, Germany
| | - L Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - S Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Z Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - H Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Y Jia
- China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - B Chen
- China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Z Dang
- China Academy of Space Technology, Beijing 100094, China
| | - K Zhang
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - L Li
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - X He
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - S Liu
- Beijing Aerospace Control Center, Beijing 100094, China
| | - K Di
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Akil A, Rehers S, Köhler C, Richter L, Semik M, Ziegeler S, Fischer S. Multidisciplinary management of pleural infection after ventricular assist device implantation. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:4661-4667. [PMID: 34527307 PMCID: PMC8411140 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-20-2886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Postsurgical pleural infection is a life-threatening complication after implantation of artificial devices such as ventricular assist devices (VADs). The treatment can be challenging and the evidence in the literature is very limited. Here we report our multidisciplinary approach of the management of pleural infection after VAD implantation. Methods Between March 2014 and December 2019, 33 patients developed postoperative pleural infection after VAD implantation and underwent thoracic surgical intervention at our institution. All patients were prospectively enrolled in this analysis. Data were retrospectively analyzed. Primary outcome was the 90-day mortality rate. Length of ICU stay related to pleural infection, chest tube duration, re-thoracotomy rate and length of ventilatory support represented secondary outcomes. Results The 90-day mortality rate was 6% (2 patients). The mean ICU stay related to the pleural infection was 6 days (2-24 days). Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed in all patients. Conversion to thoracotomy was necessary in 12 cases. Decortication and parietal pleurectomy in addition to hematoma and empyema removal was performed in all patients. Due to diffuse bleeding, packing of the thoracic cavity with temporary thoracic closure was necessary in 10 patients. Depacking was performed after a mean of 3 days (3-7 days). Recurrent empyema or bleeding after definitive chest closure was not observed. Lung resection was performed in 3 patients. Conclusions Thoracic surgical management of pleural infection in patients after VAD implantation is challenging and complicated due to the inevitable anticoagulative therapy. A perioperative multidisciplinary management which includes the early involvement of thoracic surgical expertise helps to improve survival in this very complex patient cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Akil
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Support, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
| | - Stephanie Rehers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
| | - Christian Köhler
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Support, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Support, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
| | - Michael Semik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Support, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
| | - Stephan Ziegeler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Management, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
| | - Stefan Fischer
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Lung Support, Ibbenbueren General Hospital, Ibbenbueren, Germany
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Estel K, Weber G, Fellmer F, Richter L, Tsitsilonis S, Willy C, Back DA. The use of online video consultations in the aftercare of orthopedic patients: a prospective case-control study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2021; 22:774. [PMID: 34511106 PMCID: PMC8435151 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04653-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Video consultations have proven to be an efficient source of support for patient-doctor interactions and have become increasingly used in orthopedics, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed both patients’ and doctors’ acceptance of an orthopedic telemedical consultation (OTC) and compared the results of OTC examinations to the results of live consultation (LC) to identify discrepancies. Methods The study was carried out in an orthopedic department of a German hospital between 2019 and 2020. After written informed consent was obtained, patients voluntarily presented for follow-up by OTC and LC. The experience with and attitudes toward OTC among both patients and doctors was evaluated (using Likert scale-scored and open questions, 26 to 28 items). The results of the OTC and LC examinations were compared using a 12-item checklist. The data were analyzed by quantitative and qualitative statistics. Results A total of 53 patients were included, each of whom completed an OTC and an LC. The OTC was rated as pleasant, and the experience was rated as very satisfying (average rating on a 5-point Likert scale, with 1 indicating strong agreement: doctors: 1.2; patients: 1.3). Various technical and organizational challenges were identified. Compared to LC, OTC showed no significant differences in patient history or in inspection, palpation, or active range of motion results. Only for the functional or passive joint assessment did LC show significantly higher suitability (p < 0.05) than OTC. Recommendations for further procedures did not differ significantly between OTC and LC. Conclusions Because of the high acceptance and the objective benefits of OTC and the similarity of clinical results with LC, OTC is recommendable for orthopedic follow-up examinations. To better assess joint functionality, meaningful digital alternatives for established examination methods should be further investigated. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-021-04653-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Estel
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - G Weber
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - F Fellmer
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - L Richter
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany.,Medical Faculty, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Tsitsilonis
- Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Willy
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - D A Back
- Department for Traumatology and Orthopedics, Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Scharnhorststrasse 13, 10115, Berlin, Germany. .,Dieter Scheffner Center for Medical Education and Educational Research, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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12
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Wagner R, Sonnek G, Wüstneck R, Jänicke A, Herbst M, Richter L, Engelbrecht L. Interfacial behaviour of silicone surfactants. TENSIDE SURFACT DET 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/tsd-1994-310518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Trofymchuk K, Glembockyte V, Grabenhorst L, Steiner F, Vietz C, Close C, Pfeiffer M, Richter L, Schütte ML, Selbach F, Yaadav R, Zähringer J, Wei Q, Ozcan A, Lalkens B, Acuna GP, Tinnefeld P. Addressable nanoantennas with cleared hotspots for single-molecule detection on a portable smartphone microscope. Nat Commun 2021; 12:950. [PMID: 33574261 PMCID: PMC7878865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of highly sensitive photodetectors and the development of photostabilization strategies made detecting the fluorescence of single molecules a routine task in many labs around the world. However, to this day, this process requires cost-intensive optical instruments due to the truly nanoscopic signal of a single emitter. Simplifying single-molecule detection would enable many exciting applications, e.g., in point-of-care diagnostic settings, where costly equipment would be prohibitive. Here, we introduce addressable NanoAntennas with Cleared HOtSpots (NACHOS) that are scaffolded by DNA origami nanostructures and can be specifically tailored for the incorporation of bioassays. Single emitters placed in NACHOS emit up to 461-fold (average of 89 ± 7-fold) brighter enabling their detection with a customary smartphone camera and an 8-US-dollar objective lens. To prove the applicability of our system, we built a portable, battery-powered smartphone microscope and successfully carried out an exemplary single-molecule detection assay for DNA specific to antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia on the road. Single-molecule fluorescence currently requires specialized imaging equipment due to the low signal of a single emitter. Here the authors introduce NanoAntennas with Cleared HOtSpots (NACHOS) to boost the signal sufficient for detection of a single emitter by a smartphone, opening the door to point-of-care applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Trofymchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany. .,Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - NanoBioScience and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Viktorija Glembockyte
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.
| | - Lennart Grabenhorst
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Florian Steiner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Carolin Vietz
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - NanoBioScience and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Cindy Close
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Martina Pfeiffer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Lars Richter
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - NanoBioScience and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Max L Schütte
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - NanoBioScience and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Florian Selbach
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Renukka Yaadav
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Jonas Zähringer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Qingshan Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Bioengineering Department, California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), and Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Birka Lalkens
- Institut für Halbleitertechnik, Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology LENA, TU Braunschweig, Langer Kamp 6a/b, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Département de Physique - Photonic Nanosystems, Université de Fribourg - Faculté des Sciences et Médicine, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Philip Tinnefeld
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.
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16
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Abstract
We introduce p-MINFLUX, a new implementation of the highly photon-efficient single-molecule localization method with a simplified experimental setup and additional fluorescence lifetime information. In contrast to the original MINFLUX implementation, p-MINFLUX uses interleaved laser pulses to deliver the doughnut-shaped excitation foci at a maximum repetition rate. Using both static and dynamic DNA origami model systems, we demonstrate the performance of p-MINFLUX for single-molecule localization nanoscopy and tracking, respectively. p-MINFLUX delivers 1-2 nm localization precision with 2000-1000 photon counts. In addition, p-MINFLUX gives access to the fluorescence lifetime enabling multiplexing and super-resolved lifetime imaging. p-MINFLUX should help to unlock the full potential of innovative single-molecule localization schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano A Masullo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Güiraldes 2620, C1428EHA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florian Steiner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 Haus E, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Jonas Zähringer
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 Haus E, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Lucía F Lopez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Johann Bohlen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 Haus E, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Lars Richter
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 Haus E, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Fiona Cole
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 Haus E, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Philip Tinnefeld
- Department of Chemistry and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstr. 5-13 Haus E, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Fernando D Stefani
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bionanociencias (CIBION), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2390, C1425FQD, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Güiraldes 2620, C1428EHA, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Graier T, Salmhofer W, Jonak C, Weger W, Kölli C, Gruber B, Sator PG, Prillinger K, Mlynek A, Schütz-Bergmayr M, Richter L, Ratzinger G, Painsi C, Selhofer S, Häring N, Wippel-Slupetzky K, Skvara H, Trattner H, Tanew A, Inzinger M, Tatarski R, Bangert C, Ellersdorfer C, Lichem R, Gruber-Wackernagel A, Hofer A, Legat F, Schmiedberger E, Strohal R, Lange-Asschenfeldt B, Schmuth M, Vujic I, Hoetzenecker W, Trautinger F, Saxinger W, Müllegger R, Quehenberger F, Wolf P. Biologic drug survival rates in the era of anti-interleukin-17 antibodies: a time-period-adjusted registry analysis. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:1094-1105. [PMID: 33289075 PMCID: PMC8248155 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Drug survival rates reflect efficacy and safety and may be influenced by the availability of alternative treatment options. Little is known about time‐dependent drug survival in psoriasis and the effect of increasing numbers of biologic treatment options. Objectives To determine whether drug survival is influenced by the availability of treatment options and by factors such as gender, psoriatic arthritis or previous biologic treatment. Methods This observational, retrospective, multicentre cohort study analysed data from patients registered in the Austrian Psoriasis Registry (PsoRA) who were treated with biologics between 1 January 2015 and 30 November 2019. Results A total of 1572 patients who received 1848 treatment cycles were included in this analysis. The highest long‐term Psoriasis Area and Severity Index improvement was observed after treatment with ixekizumab, followed by ustekinumab and secukinumab, adalimumab and etanercept. Overall, ustekinumab surpassed all other biologics in drug survival up to 48 months. However, when adjusted for biologic naïvety, its superiority vanished and drug survival rates were similar for ixekizumab (91·6%), secukinumab (90·2%) and ustekinumab (92·8%), all of them superior to adalimumab (76·5%) and etanercept (71·9%) at 12 months and beyond. Besides biologic non‐naïvety (2·10, P < 0·001), the introduction of a new drug such as secukinumab or ixekizumab (relative hazard ratio 1·6, P = 0·001) and female gender (1·50, P = 0·019) increased the risk of treatment discontinuation overall, whereas psoriatic arthritis did not (1·12, P = 0·21). Conclusions The time‐dependent availability of drugs should be considered when analysing and comparing drug survival. Previous biologic exposure significantly influences drug survival. Women are more likely to stop treatment.
What is already known about this topic?
Female gender and previous biologic exposure have been discussed as predictors for decreased drug survival in patients with psoriasis, but it remains unknown whether a time‐dependent increased availability of treatment options alters biologic drug survival.
What does this study add?
The increased availability of alternative biologic treatments over time leads to an elevated risk for treatment discontinuation overall; therefore, drug survival analysis has to be time adjusted. Moreover, the study reveals that the impact of previous biologic treatment on drug survival is tremendous and confirms worse drug survival in female patients.
Linked Comment: Gniadecki. Br J Dermatol 2021; 184:996–997.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Graier
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - W Salmhofer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Jonak
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Weger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Kölli
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - B Gruber
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital of Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - P G Sator
- Department of Dermatology, Hietzing Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Prillinger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital St Pölten, St Pölten, Austria
| | - A Mlynek
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital of Elisabethinen, Linz, Austria
| | - M Schütz-Bergmayr
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - L Richter
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital of Vienna Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Ratzinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - C Painsi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital, Klagenfurt, Austria
| | - S Selhofer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - N Häring
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Federal Academic Teaching Hospital, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | - H Skvara
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - H Trattner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A Tanew
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Inzinger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Tatarski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Bangert
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Ellersdorfer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital of Vienna Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Lichem
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Gruber-Wackernagel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Hofer
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - F Legat
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - E Schmiedberger
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Strohal
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Federal Academic Teaching Hospital, Feldkirch, Austria
| | | | - M Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - I Vujic
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital of Vienna Rudolfstiftung, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Hoetzenecker
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - F Trautinger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital St Pölten, St Pölten, Austria
| | - W Saxinger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital of Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | - R Müllegger
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, State Hospital, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | - F Quehenberger
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics, and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - P Wolf
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Abstract
Drug Discovery is a lengthy and costly process and has faced a period of declining productivity within the last two decades resulting in increasing importance of integrative data-driven approaches. In this paper, data mining and integration is leveraged to inspect target innovation trends in drug discovery. The study highlights protein families and classes that have received more attention and those that have just emerged in the scientific literature, thus highlighting novel opportunities for drug intervention. In order to delineate the evolution of target-driven research interest from a biological perspective, trends in biological process annotations from Gene Ontology and disease annotations from DisGeNET are captured. The analysis reveals an increasing interest in targets related to immune system processes, and a recurrent trend for targets involved in circulatory system processes. At the level of diseases, targets associated with cancer-related pathologies, intellectual disability, and schizophrenia are increasingly investigated in recent years. The methodology enables researchers to capture trends in research attention in target space at an early stage during the drug discovery process. Workflows, scripts, and data used in this study are publicly available from https://github.com/BZdrazil/Moving_Targets. An interactive web application allows the customized exploration of target, biological process, and disease trends (available at https://rguha.shinyapps.io/MovingTargets/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zdrazil
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Lars Richter
- Division of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathan Brown
- BenevolentAI, 4-8 Maple Street, London, W1T 5HD, UK
| | - Rajarshi Guha
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 50 Northern Avenue, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
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Afzal F, Wunderlich Y, Anisovich AV, Bayadilov D, Beck R, Becker M, Blanke E, Brinkmann KT, Ciupka S, Crede V, Dieterle M, Dutz H, Elsner D, Friedrich S, Frommberger F, Gridnev A, Gottschall M, Grüner M, Gutz E, Hammann C, Hannappel J, Hartmann J, Hillert W, Hoff J, Hoffmeister P, Honisch C, Jude T, Kalinowsky H, Kalischewski F, Keshelashvili I, Klassen P, Klein F, Klempt E, Koop K, Kroenert P, Krusche B, Lang M, Lopatin I, Mahlberg P, Meißner UG, Messi F, Metag V, Meyer W, Mitlasóczki B, Müller J, Müllers J, Nanova M, Nikonov K, Nikonov V, Novinskiy V, Novotny R, Piontek D, Reicherz G, Richter L, Rönchen D, Rostomyan T, Salisbury B, Sarantsev A, Schaab D, Schmidt C, Schmieden H, Schultes J, Seifen T, Sokhoyan V, Sowa C, Spieker K, Stausberg N, Thiel A, Thoma U, Triffterer T, Urban M, Urff G, van Pee H, Walther D, Wendel C, Wiedner U, Wilson A, Winnebeck A, Witthauer L. Observation of the pη^{'} Cusp in the New Precise Beam Asymmetry Σ Data for γp→pη. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:152002. [PMID: 33095637 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.152002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Data on the beam asymmetry Σ in the photoproduction of η mesons off protons are reported for tagged photon energies from 1130 to 1790 MeV (mass range from W=1748 MeV to W=2045 MeV). The data cover the full solid angle that allows for a precise moment analysis. For the first time, a strong cusp effect in a polarization observable has been observed that is an effect of a branch-point singularity at the pη^{'} threshold [E_{γ}=1447 MeV (W=1896 MeV)]. The latest BnGa partial wave analysis includes the new beam asymmetry data and yields a strong indication for the N(1895)1/2^{-} nucleon resonance, demonstrating the importance of including all singularities for a correct determination of partial waves and resonance parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Afzal
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - Y Wunderlich
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - A V Anisovich
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - D Bayadilov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - R Beck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - M Becker
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - E Blanke
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - K-Th Brinkmann
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - S Ciupka
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - V Crede
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Dieterle
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - H Dutz
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - D Elsner
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - S Friedrich
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | | | - A Gridnev
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - M Gottschall
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - M Grüner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - E Gutz
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - C Hammann
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - J Hannappel
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - J Hartmann
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - W Hillert
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - J Hoff
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - P Hoffmeister
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - C Honisch
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - T Jude
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - H Kalinowsky
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - F Kalischewski
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | | | - P Klassen
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - F Klein
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - E Klempt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - K Koop
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - P Kroenert
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - B Krusche
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - M Lang
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - I Lopatin
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - P Mahlberg
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - U-G Meißner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - F Messi
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - V Metag
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - W Meyer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - B Mitlasóczki
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - J Müller
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - J Müllers
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - M Nanova
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - K Nikonov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - V Nikonov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - V Novinskiy
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - R Novotny
- II. Physikalisches Institut, Universität Giessen, Germany
| | - D Piontek
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - G Reicherz
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - L Richter
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - D Rönchen
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - T Rostomyan
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Basel, Switzerland
| | - B Salisbury
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - A Sarantsev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute", Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Russia
| | - D Schaab
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - C Schmidt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - H Schmieden
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - J Schultes
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - T Seifen
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - V Sokhoyan
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - C Sowa
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - K Spieker
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - N Stausberg
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - A Thiel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - U Thoma
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - T Triffterer
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - M Urban
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - G Urff
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - H van Pee
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - D Walther
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - Ch Wendel
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - U Wiedner
- Institut für Experimentalphysik I, Ruhr Universität Bochum, Germany
| | - A Wilson
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
- Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Winnebeck
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, Germany
| | - L Witthauer
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Basel, Switzerland
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20
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Momberg DJ, Voth-Gaeddert LE, Ngandu BC, Richter L, May J, Norris SA, Said-Mohamed R. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) factors associated with growth between birth and 1 year of age in children in Soweto, South Africa: results from the Soweto Baby WASH study. J Water Health 2020; 18:798-819. [PMID: 33095202 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2020.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Interventions to reduce undernutrition and improve child growth have incorporated improved water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) as part of disease transmission prevention strategies. Knowledge gaps still exist, namely, when and which WASH factors are determinants for growth faltering, and when WASH interventions are most effective at improving growth. This study drew cross-sectional data from a longitudinal cohort study and used hierarchical regression analyses to assess associations between WASH factors: water index, sanitation, hygiene index, and growth: height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), weight-for-height (WHZ) at 1, 6, and 12 months postpartum among infants a priori born healthy in Soweto, Johannesburg. Household access to sanitation facilities that were not safely managed was associated with a decrease in HAZ scores at 1 month (β = -2.24) and 6 months (β = -0.96); a decrease in WAZ at 1 month (β = -1.21), 6 months (β = -1.57), and 12 months (β = -1.92); and finally, with WHZ scores at 12 months (β = -1.94). Counterintuitively, poorer scores on the hygiene index were associated with an increase at 1 month for both HAZ (β = 0.53) and WAZ (β = 0.44). Provision of safely managed sanitation at household and community levels may be required before improvements in growth-related outcomes are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Momberg
- SAMRC/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa E-mail: ; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L E Voth-Gaeddert
- SAMRC/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa E-mail:
| | - B C Ngandu
- SAMRC/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa E-mail:
| | - L Richter
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - J May
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - S A Norris
- SAMRC/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa E-mail: ; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - R Said-Mohamed
- SAMRC/WITS Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Rd, Parktown 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa E-mail: ; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa; DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Archaeology, Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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21
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Abstract
The lifetime of a binary drug–target complex is increasingly acknowledged as an important parameter for drug efficacy and safety. With a better understanding of binding kinetics and better knowledge about kinetic parameter optimization, intentionally induced prolongation of the drug–target residence time through structural changes of the ligand could become feasible. In this study we assembled datasets from 21 publications and the K4DD (Kinetic for Drug Discovery) database to conduct large scale data analysis. This resulted in 3812 small molecules annotated to 78 different targets from five protein classes (GPCRs: 273, kinases: 3238, other enzymes: 240, HSPs: 160, ion channels: 45). Performing matched molecular pair (MMP) analysis to further investigate the structure–kinetic relationship (SKR) in this data collection allowed us to identify a fundamental contribution of a ligand's polarity to its association rate, and in selected cases, also to its dissociation rate. However, we furthermore observed that the destabilization of the transition state introduced by increased polarity is often accompanied by simultaneous destabilization of the ground state resulting in an unaffected or even worsened residence time. Supported by a set of case studies, we provide concepts on how to alter ligands in ways to trigger on-rates, off-rates, or both. A large-scale study employing matched molecular pair (MMP) analysis to uncover the contribution of a compound's polarity to its association and dissociation rates.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris A Schuetz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Riccardo Martini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14 1090 Vienna Austria
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22
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Platzer K, Kostner L, Vujic I, Monshi B, Richter L, Rappersberger K, Posch C. Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of 36 pyoderma gangrenosum patients – a retrospective, single institution observation. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:e474-e475. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K.D. Platzer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
| | - L. Kostner
- Department of Dermatology Rudolfstiftung Hospital Vienna Austria
| | - I. Vujic
- Department of Dermatology Rudolfstiftung Hospital Vienna Austria
- Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - B. Monshi
- Department of Dermatology Rudolfstiftung Hospital Vienna Austria
| | - L. Richter
- Department of Dermatology Rudolfstiftung Hospital Vienna Austria
| | - K. Rappersberger
- Department of Dermatology Rudolfstiftung Hospital Vienna Austria
- Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud University Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - C. Posch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Technical University of Munich Munich Germany
- Faculty of Medicine Sigmund Freud University Vienna Vienna Austria
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23
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Vietz C, Schütte ML, Wei Q, Richter L, Lalkens B, Ozcan A, Tinnefeld P, Acuna GP. Benchmarking Smartphone Fluorescence-Based Microscopy with DNA Origami Nanobeads: Reducing the Gap toward Single-Molecule Sensitivity. ACS Omega 2019; 4:637-642. [PMID: 30775643 PMCID: PMC6372172 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Smartphone-based fluorescence microscopy has been rapidly developing over the last few years, enabling point-of-need detection of cells, bacteria, viruses, and biomarkers. These mobile microscopy devices are cost-effective, field-portable, and easy to use, and benefit from economies of scale. Recent developments in smartphone camera technology have improved their performance, getting closer to that of lab microscopes. Here, we report the use of DNA origami nanobeads with predefined numbers of fluorophores to quantify the sensitivity of a smartphone-based fluorescence microscope in terms of the minimum number of detectable molecules per diffraction-limited spot. With the brightness of a single dye molecule as a reference, we compare the performance of color and monochrome sensors embedded in state-of-the-art smartphones. Our results show that the monochrome sensor of a smartphone can achieve better sensitivity, with a detection limit of ∼10 fluorophores per spot. The use of DNA origami nanobeads to quantify the minimum number of detectable molecules of a sensor is broadly applicable to evaluate the sensitivity of various optical instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Vietz
- Institute
for Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, Braunschweig Integrated
Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology
(LENA), Braunschweig University of Technology, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Max L. Schütte
- Institute
for Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, Braunschweig Integrated
Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology
(LENA), Braunschweig University of Technology, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Qingshan Wei
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Lars Richter
- Institute
for Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, Braunschweig Integrated
Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology
(LENA), Braunschweig University of Technology, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Birka Lalkens
- Department
Chemie and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet
Muenchen, Butenandtstr.
5-13 Haus E, 81377 Muenchen, Germany
| | - Aydogan Ozcan
- Electrical
& Computer Engineering Department, Bioengineering Department,
California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), and Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- E-mail: . Tel: +1 310 825 0915 (A.O.)
| | - Philip Tinnefeld
- Department
Chemie and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet
Muenchen, Butenandtstr.
5-13 Haus E, 81377 Muenchen, Germany
- E-mail: . Tel: +49 89 2180 77549. Fax: +49 89 2180 77548 (P.T.)
| | - Guillermo P. Acuna
- Institute
for Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, Braunschweig Integrated
Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology
(LENA), Braunschweig University of Technology, Rebenring 56, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
- E-mail: . Tel: +41 26 300 9631. Fax: +41 26 300 9030 (G.P.A.)
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24
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Richter L, Freisinger E, Lüders F, Gebauer K, Meyborg M, Malyar NM. Impact of diabetes type on treatment and outcome of patients with peripheral artery disease. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2018; 15:504-510. [PMID: 30246546 DOI: 10.1177/1479164118793986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications such as peripheral artery disease is increasing worldwide. We aimed to explore the distinct impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus on treatment and on short- and long-term outcome in patients with peripheral artery disease. METHODS Retrospective analysis of anonymized data of hospitalized patients covered by a large German health insurance. Assessment of patient's characteristics (comorbidities, complications, etc.) and outcome using multivariable Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier curves. RESULTS Among 41,702 patients with peripheral artery disease, 339 (0.8%) had type 1 diabetes mellitus and 13,151 (31.5%) had type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with diabetes mellitus had more comorbidities and complications than patients without diabetes mellitus ( p < 0.001). Type 1 diabetes mellitus patients exhibited the highest risk for limb amputation at 4-year follow-up (44.6% vs 35.1%, p < 0.001), while type 2 diabetes mellitus patients had higher mortality than type 1 diabetes mellitus (43.6% vs 31.0%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Although the fraction of type 1 diabetes mellitus among patients with peripheral artery disease and diabetes mellitus is low, it represents a subset of patients being at particular high risk for limb amputation. Research focused on elaborating the determinants of limb amputation and mortality in peripheral artery disease patients with diabetes mellitus is warranted to improve the poor prognosis of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Richter
- 1 Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Eva Freisinger
- 1 Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Florian Lüders
- 2 Ambulatory Vascular Center Münster (AGZM), Münster, Germany
| | - Katrin Gebauer
- 1 Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matthias Meyborg
- 1 Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nasser M Malyar
- 1 Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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25
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Siebert DCB, Wieder M, Schlener L, Scholze P, Boresch S, Langer T, Schnürch M, Mihovilovic MD, Richter L, Ernst M, Ecker GF. SAR-Guided Scoring Function and Mutational Validation Reveal the Binding Mode of CGS-8216 at the α1+/γ2- Benzodiazepine Site. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 58:1682-1696. [PMID: 30028134 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.8b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The structural resolution of a bound ligand-receptor complex is a key asset to efficiently drive lead optimization in drug design. However, structural resolution of many drug targets still remains a challenging endeavor. In the absence of structural knowledge, scientists resort to structure-activity relationships (SARs) to promote compound development. In this study, we incorporated ligand-based knowledge to formulate a docking scoring function that evaluates binding poses for their agreement with a known SAR. We showcased this protocol by identifying the binding mode of the pyrazoloquinolinone (PQ) CGS-8216 at the benzodiazepine binding site of the GABAA receptor. Further evaluation of the final pose by molecular dynamics and free energy simulations revealed a close proximity between the pendent phenyl ring of the PQ and γ2D56, congruent with the low potency of carboxyphenyl analogues. Ultimately, we introduced the γ2D56A mutation and in fact observed a 10-fold potency increase in the carboxyphenyl analogue, providing experimental evidence in favor of our binding hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C B Siebert
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 , 1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Marcus Wieder
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Computational Biological Chemistry , University of Vienna , Währingerstrasse 17 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Lydia Schlener
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Petra Scholze
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research , Medical University of Vienna , Spitalgasse 4 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Stefan Boresch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Computational Biological Chemistry , University of Vienna , Währingerstrasse 17 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Thierry Langer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Michael Schnürch
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 , 1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Marko D Mihovilovic
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry , TU Wien , Getreidemarkt 9/163 , 1060 Vienna , Austria
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Margot Ernst
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Center for Brain Research , Medical University of Vienna , Spitalgasse 4 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
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26
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Schuetz DA, Richter L, Amaral M, Grandits M, Grädler U, Musil D, Buchstaller HP, Eggenweiler HM, Frech M, Ecker GF. Ligand Desolvation Steers On-Rate and Impacts Drug Residence Time of Heat Shock Protein 90 (Hsp90) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4397-4411. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Doris A. Schuetz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marta Amaral
- Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Melanie Grandits
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich Grädler
- Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Djordje Musil
- Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Matthias Frech
- Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerhard F. Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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27
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Redinger S, Norris SA, Pearson RM, Richter L, Rochat T. First trimester antenatal depression and anxiety: prevalence and associated factors in an urban population in Soweto, South Africa. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2018; 9:30-40. [PMID: 28877770 DOI: 10.1017/s204017441700071x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety in the antenatal period are of public health concern given potential adverse effects for both mother and infant. Both are under-researched in the first trimester of pregnancy, especially in Africa. We examine the prevalence of first trimester antenatal depression and anxiety in a cohort of South African women and investigate associated risk factors. Data were collected from 946 women (2014-2016) in the Soweto First 1000 Days Cohort, a prospective pregnancy cohort in Soweto, South Africa. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale with a score of ⩾13 indicating probable depression. Anxiety was assessed using the short form of the State-Trait Anxiety Index with a score ⩾12 indicating probable anxiety. Prevalence of antenatal depression was 27% [95% confidence interval (CI) 24.2-29.8] and anxiety 15.2% (95% CI 12.9-17.5). Factors associated with antenatal depression and anxiety were predominantly relationship- and family-centred. Women who perceived that their partner made life harder for them had three-fold increased odds for depression [(odds ratio (OR) 3.33 [2.28-4.85] P<0.001], whereas those with family stressors had almost double the odds for depression (OR 1.78 [1.22-2.59] P=0.003) and anxiety (OR 1.75 [1.44-2.69] P=0.0011). Antenatal depression and anxiety are common in the first trimester of pregnancy, and partner and family relationship stressors are central. Longitudinal analysis is needed to determine if this is a phase of adjustment to pregnancy or onset of persistent symptomology. Early intervention may have secondary preventative effects and should involve the partner and family.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Redinger
- 1MRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - S A Norris
- 1MRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - R M Pearson
- 5School of Social and Community Medicine,Centre for Academic Mental Health,Bristol University,Bristol,UK
| | - L Richter
- 2DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development,University of Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
| | - T Rochat
- 1MRC/Developmental Pathways to Health Research Unit,School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,University of the Witwatersrand,Johannesburg,South Africa
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Richter L, Samuels ML. The South African universal preschool year: a case study of policy development and implementation. Child Care Health Dev 2018; 44:12-18. [PMID: 29235166 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND South Africa is the first sub-Saharan African country to legislate, fund and implement free preschool education. Human rights and restitution were at the forefront of the political struggle for democracy in South Africa. Levelling the playing fields by improving the school readiness of children disadvantaged by the racist policies of Apartheid is essential to the transformation of South African society. METHODS A review of published and unpublished documents on Grade R was undertaken, and access and enrolment data come from the National Department of Basic Education's Education Management Information System (EMIS). RESULTS A decade after initiation in 2005, 79% of 5-year-olds was enrolled in a preschool class; the vast majority of them in free public schools. Grade R is near universal and on track to becoming compulsory. It is part of the Foundation Phase (Grades 1-3) of schooling, falling under the Department of Basic Education, but also part of a broader national strategy to improve early child development under the direction of an Inter-Departmental Steering. Evaluations demonstrate wide access to Grade R and high uptake, especially in the poorest areas. However, the quality of Grade R provision in these areas is not up to standard because of low levels of funding; inadequate training, supervision, remuneration and retention of Grade R teachers; insufficient learner support materials; and inadequate monitoring and quality assurance. CONCLUSIONS Lack of quality, amongst other factors, contributes to a widening school performance gap between children from more and less privileged areas. Quality of Grade R as well as earlier learning and subsequent years of schooling must be improved to achieve South Africa's aim to reduce poverty and inequality through, amongst others, parent and family involvement, learning in the home and preschool preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Richter
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - M-L Samuels
- Director of Early Childhood Development, South African Department of Basic Education, Sol Plaatje House, Pretoria, South Africa
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Vujic I, Herman R, Sanlorenzo M, Posch C, Monshi B, Rappersberger K, Richter L. Apremilast in psoriasis - a prospective real-world study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:254-259. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Vujic
- Dermatology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
- School of Medicine; Sigmund Freud University; Vienna Austria
| | - R. Herman
- Dermatology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
- School of Medicine; Sigmund Freud University; Vienna Austria
| | - M. Sanlorenzo
- Department of Oncology; University of Turin; Italy
- Institute of Cancer Research; Department of Medicine I; Comprehensive Cancer Center; Medical University of Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Posch
- Dermatology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
- School of Medicine; Sigmund Freud University; Vienna Austria
| | - B. Monshi
- Dermatology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Rappersberger
- Dermatology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
- School of Medicine; Sigmund Freud University; Vienna Austria
| | - L. Richter
- Dermatology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
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Richter L. Topliss Batchwise Schemes Reviewed in the Era of Open Data Reveal Significant Differences between Enzymes and Membrane Receptors. J Chem Inf Model 2017; 57:2575-2583. [PMID: 28934851 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In 1977, John G. Topliss introduced the Topliss Batchwise Scheme, a straightforward nonmathematical procedure to assist medicinal chemists in optimizing the substitution pattern of a phenyl ring. Despite its long period of application, a thorough validation of this method has been missing so far. Here, we address this issue by gathering 129 congeneric series from the ChEMBL database, suitable to retrospectively assess the approach. Frequency analysis of Topliss' schemes showed that the π, Es, σ, and -σ scheme occurred in 17, 20, 6, and 4 congeneric series, respectively. We observed a significant difference of π scheme frequency in enzymes versus membrane receptors, with 12 versus only 2 occurrences. Validation of Topliss schemes in potency optimization showed a remarkable performance increase after restricting the data set to analogue series tested solely against enzymes. In this setting, the Es and the π scheme were successful in 50% and 56% of the analogue series, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Richter
- Pharmacoinformatics Research Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna , Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Vujic I, Herman R, Sanlorenzo M, Posch C, Monshi B, Rappersberger K, Richter L. 014 Apremilast in psoriasis - a prospective real-world study. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Stockinger T, Richter L, Kanzler M, Melichart-Kotik M, Pas H, Derfler K, Schmidt E, Rappersberger K. [Systemic lupus erythematosus : Unusual cutaneous manifestations]. Hautarzt 2017; 67:970-981. [PMID: 27878308 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-016-3893-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various different mucocutaneous symptoms may affect up to 80 % of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. OBJECTIVES To investigate, various unspecific, but otherwise typical clinical symptoms of skin and mucous membranes that arise in SLE patients other than those defined as SLE criteria such as butterfly rash, chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, oral ulcers, and increased photosensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extensive search of peer-reviewed scientific articles was performed, medical histories of several SLE patients seen in our department were analyzed, and the rare disease courses in three SLE patients are presented. RESULTS Here we present a variety of unspecific but typical mucocutaneous manifestations in SLE patients: periungual erythema, periungual telangiectasia and periungual splinter hemorrhage, papules on the dorsum of the hands, scaling erythema, sometimes associated with necrosis, especially of the ears, along with complement deficiency, and the bizarre necroses of antiphospholipid syndrome. Furthermore, we show the typical clinico-histological features of neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis, as well as those of bullous SLE and finally a severe course of bacterial sepsis with Neisseria flavescens/macacae. CONCLUSIONS Here we show several unspecific but rather typical mucocutaneous symptoms in lupus patients that are indicative of SLE and thus may lead to an early diagnosis. Also, life-threatening bacterial sepsis may occur with microorganisms that are commonly considered "apathogenic", such as Neisseria flavescens/macacae, which exclusively affect immunosuppressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Stockinger
- Abteilung Dermatologie und Venerologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, 1030, Wien, Österreich.
| | - L Richter
- Abteilung Dermatologie und Venerologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, 1030, Wien, Österreich
| | - M Kanzler
- Abteilung Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Wien, Österreich
| | - M Melichart-Kotik
- Abteilung Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Wien, Österreich
| | - H Pas
- Abteilung Dermatologie, Zentrum für blasenbildende Erkrankungen, Universitätsklinik Groningen, Groningen, Niederlande
| | - K Derfler
- Klinische Abteilung für Nephrologie und Dialyse, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Allgemeines Krankenhaus Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - E Schmidt
- Abteilung Dermatologie, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - K Rappersberger
- Abteilung Dermatologie und Venerologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, 1030, Wien, Österreich
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Over recent decades, both the incidence and prevalence of chronic inflammatory bowel disease have continued to rise in industrialized countries; the disease is frequently associated with extracutaneous involvement and comorbidity. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this work was to investigate the frequency and specificity of mucocutaneous manifestations in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). MATERIALS AND METHODS An extensive search in peer-reviewed journals via PubMed was performed; presented is a summary and analysis of various studies and data, including data of patients treated at our department. RESULTS CD and UC are frequently associated with mucocutaneous symptoms; however, primary/specific disease-associations are exclusively seen in CD patients. These include peri-anal and -stomal fistulas and ulcerations, "metastatic" Crohn's disease as well as oral granulomatous disease. Moreover, in both CD and UC, there occur several other inflammatory skin conditions such as erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, hidradenitis suppurativa, chronic oral aphthous disease, Sweet syndrome, pyostomatitis vegetans, and bowel-associated dermatosis-arthritis syndrome. Malnutrition syndromes (zinc and vitamin deficiencies) are only rarely observed. CONCLUSION On skin and oral/genital mucous membranes various different inflammatory manifestations may be observed during the course of CD or UC. However, most data about a direct pathogenic relationship of the gastrointestinal and dermatologic disorders are quite heterogeneous or even contradictory. Nevertheless, knowledge of these conditions and their possible association with CD and UC could be crucial for early diagnosis and initiation of an appropriate therapy and thus be essential to prevent secondary tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Richter
- Abteilung für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, 1030, Wien, Österreich. .,Abteilung für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Sigmund Freud Privatuniversität, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020, Wien, Österreich.
| | - K Rappersberger
- Abteilung für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Juchgasse 25, 1030, Wien, Österreich.,Abteilung für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Sigmund Freud Privatuniversität, Sigmund Freud Platz 1, 1020, Wien, Österreich
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Jain S, Grandits M, Richter L, Ecker GF. Structure based classification for bile salt export pump (BSEP) inhibitors using comparative structural modeling of human BSEP. J Comput Aided Mol Des 2017; 31:507-521. [PMID: 28527154 PMCID: PMC5487762 DOI: 10.1007/s10822-017-0021-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The bile salt export pump (BSEP) actively transports conjugated monovalent bile acids from the hepatocytes into the bile. This facilitates the formation of micelles and promotes digestion and absorption of dietary fat. Inhibition of BSEP leads to decreased bile flow and accumulation of cytotoxic bile salts in the liver. A number of compounds have been identified to interact with BSEP, which results in drug-induced cholestasis or liver injury. Therefore, in silico approaches for flagging compounds as potential BSEP inhibitors would be of high value in the early stage of the drug discovery pipeline. Up to now, due to the lack of a high-resolution X-ray structure of BSEP, in silico based identification of BSEP inhibitors focused on ligand-based approaches. In this study, we provide a homology model for BSEP, developed using the corrected mouse P-glycoprotein structure (PDB ID: 4M1M). Subsequently, the model was used for docking-based classification of a set of 1212 compounds (405 BSEP inhibitors, 807 non-inhibitors). Using the scoring function ChemScore, a prediction accuracy of 81% on the training set and 73% on two external test sets could be obtained. In addition, the applicability domain of the models was assessed based on Euclidean distance. Further, analysis of the protein-ligand interaction fingerprints revealed certain functional group-amino acid residue interactions that could play a key role for ligand binding. Though ligand-based models, due to their high speed and accuracy, remain the method of choice for classification of BSEP inhibitors, structure-assisted docking models demonstrate reasonably good prediction accuracies while additionally providing information about putative protein-ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sankalp Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Grandits
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Schuetz DA, de Witte WEA, Wong YC, Knasmueller B, Richter L, Kokh DB, Sadiq SK, Bosma R, Nederpelt I, Heitman LH, Segala E, Amaral M, Guo D, Andres D, Georgi V, Stoddart LA, Hill S, Cooke RM, De Graaf C, Leurs R, Frech M, Wade RC, de Lange ECM, IJzerman AP, Müller-Fahrnow A, Ecker GF. Kinetics for Drug Discovery: an industry-driven effort to target drug residence time. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:896-911. [PMID: 28412474 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A considerable number of approved drugs show non-equilibrium binding characteristics, emphasizing the potential role of drug residence times for in vivo efficacy. Therefore, a detailed understanding of the kinetics of association and dissociation of a target-ligand complex might provide crucial insight into the molecular mechanism-of-action of a compound. This deeper understanding will help to improve decision making in drug discovery, thus leading to a better selection of interesting compounds to be profiled further. In this review, we highlight the contributions of the Kinetics for Drug Discovery (K4DD) Consortium, which targets major open questions related to binding kinetics in an industry-driven public-private partnership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris A Schuetz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Yin Cheong Wong
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bernhard Knasmueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Lars Richter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daria B Kokh
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Schloß-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S Kashif Sadiq
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Schloß-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reggie Bosma
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, P.O. Box 7161, 1007 MC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Indira Nederpelt
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2300RA, The Netherlands
| | - Laura H Heitman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2300RA, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Segala
- Heptares Therapeutics,Biopark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Marta Amaral
- Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany; Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Avenida da República, Estação Agronómica Nacional, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Dong Guo
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2300RA, The Netherlands
| | - Dorothee Andres
- Bayer AG, Drug Discovery, Pharmaceuticals, Lead Discovery Berlin, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Victoria Georgi
- Bayer AG, Drug Discovery, Pharmaceuticals, Lead Discovery Berlin, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leigh A Stoddart
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Steve Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Robert M Cooke
- Heptares Therapeutics,Biopark, Broadwater Road, Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, AL7 3AX, UK
| | - Chris De Graaf
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, P.O. Box 7161, 1007 MC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, P.O. Box 7161, 1007 MC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Frech
- Discovery Technologies, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straße 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Rebecca C Wade
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Schloß-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118 Heidelberg, Germany; Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Cunera Maria de Lange
- Division of Pharmacology, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Adriaan P IJzerman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden, 2300RA, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Müller-Fahrnow
- Bayer AG, Drug Discovery, Pharmaceuticals, Lead Discovery Berlin, Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Hsiao C, Richter L, Makusha T, Matafwali B, van Heerden A, Mabaso M. Use of the ages and stages questionnaire adapted for South Africa and Zambia. Child Care Health Dev 2017; 43:59-66. [PMID: 27709653 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are few readily available, relatively easy to use and culturally adaptable developmental assessment tools for young children in southern Africa. The overarching aim of this study is to test the psychometric properties, contextual appropriateness and cut-off scores across 21 age groups of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire Third Edition (Squires & Bricker, ) among a group of typically developing children in South Africa and Zambia through a combination of both caregiver-report and direct observations, and to compare children's performance across sociodemographic variables. METHODS The sample consisted of 853 children (50.5% Zambia, with 50.1% girls for Zambia and 50% girls for South Africa) aged 2 months to 60 months. Information on caregiver employment, education and household assets were also obtained. RESULTS The psychometric properties of the ASQ-3 in southern Africa are consistent with those found in the extant literature. Analysis of item difficulty at each age reveals adequate levels of difficulty for majority of the items, with exception of the problem solving domain where half of the items at 54 and 60 months have poor pass rates. Sociodemographic variables were significantly associated with children's performance: higher caregiver levels of education are associated with higher toddler scores on the personal-social domain and higher preschooler scores on the problem solving domain; children whose caregivers earn a salary have higher fine motor scores during toddlerhood and higher problem solving scores during preschool and children who attend preschools have higher gross motor scores during toddlerhood and higher fine motor scores during the preschool years. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide evidence to support the psychometric properties and feasibility of using the ASQ-3 in both South Africa and Zambia through a combination of caregiver-report and direct observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hsiao
- MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand, Gauteng, South Africa
| | - L Richter
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Human Sciences Research Council, Dalridge, Durban, South Africa
| | - T Makusha
- Human Sciences Research Council, Dalridge, Durban, South Africa
| | - B Matafwali
- University of Zambia, Department of Educational Psychology, Sociology and Special Education, University of Zambia, School of Education, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - A van Heerden
- Human Sciences Research Council, Dalridge, Durban, South Africa
| | - M Mabaso
- Human Sciences Research Council, Dalridge, Durban, South Africa
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Brüning E, Richter L, Höpfner V, Freermann S, Reichelt J, Akil A, Semik M, Ziegler S, Fischer S. Bedeutung eines atmungstherapeutischen (AT)- Algorithmus für das Outcome nach thorakoskopischer Lungenvolumenreduktion (LVRS). Zentralbl Chir 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Richter L, Brüning E, Höpfner V, Freermann S, Reichelt J, Akil A, Semik M, Ziegler S, Fischer S. Perioperatives Management mittels Single-Port veno-venöser extrakorporaler Membran Oxygenierung (v-v-ECMO) erhöht beim wachen, nicht-intubierten Patienten die Effektivität der postoperativen Atmungstherapie nach Lungenvolumenreduktionsoperation (LVRS). Zentralbl Chir 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1587471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Bruening E, Richter L, Redwan B, Huepfner V, Fischer S. P-244EXTRACORPOREAL LUNG SUPPORT FOR PATIENTS WITH ACUTE EXACERBATED CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE FAILING NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION: IMPLEMENTATION OF A NOVEL ALGORITHM OF RESPIRATORY THERAPY. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivw260.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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40
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Vigl K, Posch C, Richter L, Monshi B, Rappersberger K. Pyoderma gangrenosum during pregnancy - treatment options revisited. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30:1981-1984. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Vigl
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
| | - C. Posch
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
| | - L. Richter
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
| | - B. Monshi
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
| | - K. Rappersberger
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; The Rudolfstiftung Hospital; Vienna Austria
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Rodríguez-Herreros B, Amengual JL, Gurtubay-Antolín A, Richter L, Jauer P, Erdmann C, Schweikard A, López-Moliner J, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Münte TF. Microstructure of the superior longitudinal fasciculus predicts stimulation-induced interference with on-line motor control. Neuroimage 2015; 120:254-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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42
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Brüning E, Richter L, Redwan B, Goik T, Fischer S. Atmungstherapeutische Aspekte beim wachen Patienten mit veno-venöser extrakorporaler Lungenunterstützung (ECLS) bei exazerbierter COPD (AECOPD) nach Versagen der non-invasiven Beatmung (NIV). Zentralbl Chir 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1559924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Richter L, Ecker GF. Medicinal chemistry in the era of big data. Drug Discov Today Technol 2015; 14:37-41. [PMID: 26194586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the era of big data medicinal chemists are exposed to an enormous amount of bioactivity data. Numerous public data sources allow for querying across medium to large data sets mostly compiled from literature. However, the data available are still quite incomplete and of mixed quality. This mini review will focus on how medicinal chemists might use such resources and how valuable the current data sources are for guiding drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Richter
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Gerhard F Ecker
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Wien, Austria.
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Richter L, Mabaso M, Ramjith J, Norris SA. Early sexual debut: Voluntary or coerced? Evidence from longitudinal data in South Africa--the Birth to Twenty Plus study. S Afr Med J 2015; 105:304-307. [PMID: 26294851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early sexual debut, voluntary or coerced, increases risks to sexual and reproductive health. Sexual coercion is increasingly receiving attention as an important public health issue owing to its association with adverse health and social outcomes. OBJECTIVE To describe voluntary and coerced experience at sexual debut. METHODS A longitudinal perspective among 2,216 adolescents (1,149 females, 1,067 males) in a birth cohort study in South Africa, analysing data collected on six occasions between 11 and 18 years. RESULTS The median age of sexual debut was 16 years for females and 15 for males. Reported coerced sexual debut included children < 11 years of age. Males reported earlier sexual debut with both voluntary and coerced sexual experience, than females (p < 0.0001). Sexual coercion at early sexual debut among both male and female adolescents occurred mostly through sexual intercourse with older adolescents and partners of the same age. CONCLUSION The identified time periods and age groups need to be targeted for interventions to delay sexual debut and prevent sexual coercion among young people. More research is needed to understand underlying predisposing risk factors for sexual coercion at sexual debut, both early and not early.
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Sator P, Richter L, Saxinger W, Vasiljevic M, Stingl G. Adalimumab in the treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis in patients switching from other biologics. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 29:1742-9. [PMID: 25665143 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ample evidence shows that switching from one biological agent to another may prove effective when response to the first one is inadequate. Nevertheless, there are little data so far showing the efficacy and safety of adalimumab in patients with plaque psoriasis who previously received another biologic agent. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the 1-year effectiveness, safety and quality-of-life outcomes patients with psoriasis who had switched to adalimumab from other biologic therapies. METHODS Forty-two patients who participated in this Austrian multicenter study were treated with adalimumab over a 1-year period, after switching from efalizumab, infliximab or etanercept. Effectiveness was assessed using standardized tools for measurement of disease severity [Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) and Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI)] and quality of life [Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)]. The study endpoints were evaluated using the all-treated population. RESULTS The mean percentage of improvement at the end of the study was 74.3% for PASI, 81.6% for DLQI and 83.6% for NAPSI, demonstrating a considerable benefit of treatment with adalimumab. The safety profile observed was consistent with previous clinical trials for adalimumab, and no new safety signals were observed. CONCLUSION Adalimumab therapy in patients with plaque psoriasis previously treated with other biologic agents demonstrates effectiveness, safety and improvement in quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sator
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Hietzing with Neurologic Centre Rosenhügel, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Richter
- Hospital Rudolfstiftung including site Semmelweis Clinic of Gynaecology, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Saxinger
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Wels-Grieskirchen, Wels-Grieskirchen, Austria
| | | | - G Stingl
- Division of Immunology Allergy and Infectious Diseases (DIAID), Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Ratnam J, Zdrazil B, Digles D, Cuadrado-Rodriguez E, Neefs JM, Tipney H, Siebes R, Waagmeester A, Bradley G, Chau CH, Richter L, Brea J, Evelo CT, Jacoby E, Senger S, Loza MI, Ecker GF, Chichester C. The application of the open pharmacological concepts triple store (open PHACTS) to support drug discovery research. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115460. [PMID: 25522365 PMCID: PMC4270790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Integration of open access, curated, high-quality information from multiple disciplines in the Life and Biomedical Sciences provides a holistic understanding of the domain. Additionally, the effective linking of diverse data sources can unearth hidden relationships and guide potential research strategies. However, given the lack of consistency between descriptors and identifiers used in different resources and the absence of a simple mechanism to link them, gathering and combining relevant, comprehensive information from diverse databases remains a challenge. The Open Pharmacological Concepts Triple Store (Open PHACTS) is an Innovative Medicines Initiative project that uses semantic web technology approaches to enable scientists to easily access and process data from multiple sources to solve real-world drug discovery problems. The project draws together sources of publicly-available pharmacological, physicochemical and biomolecular data, represents it in a stable infrastructure and provides well-defined information exploration and retrieval methods. Here, we highlight the utility of this platform in conjunction with workflow tools to solve pharmacological research questions that require interoperability between target, compound, and pathway data. Use cases presented herein cover 1) the comprehensive identification of chemical matter for a dopamine receptor drug discovery program 2) the identification of compounds active against all targets in the Epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) signaling pathway that have a relevance to disease and 3) the evaluation of established targets in the Vitamin D metabolism pathway to aid novel Vitamin D analogue design. The example workflows presented illustrate how the Open PHACTS Discovery Platform can be used to exploit existing knowledge and generate new hypotheses in the process of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseline Ratnam
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Grupo BioFarma-USEF, Departamento de Farmacología, Campus Universitario Sur s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Barbara Zdrazil
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Digles
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Emiliano Cuadrado-Rodriguez
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Grupo BioFarma-USEF, Departamento de Farmacología, Campus Universitario Sur s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jean-Marc Neefs
- Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Hannah Tipney
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Ronald Siebes
- Vrije Universiteit, Faculty of Sciences, division of Math. and Computer Science, De Boelelaan 1081a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andra Waagmeester
- Department of Bioinformatics – BiGCaT, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Glyn Bradley
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Chau Han Chau
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Richter
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jose Brea
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Grupo BioFarma-USEF, Departamento de Farmacología, Campus Universitario Sur s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Chris T. Evelo
- Department of Bioinformatics – BiGCaT, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Edgar Jacoby
- Janssen Research & Development, Turnhoutseweg 30, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Stefan Senger
- GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Isabel Loza
- Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Grupo BioFarma-USEF, Departamento de Farmacología, Campus Universitario Sur s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gerhard F. Ecker
- University of Vienna, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Chichester
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CALIPHO Group, CMU – Rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Casale D, Desmond C, Richter L. The association between stunting and psychosocial development among preschool children: a study using the South African Birth to Twenty cohort data. Child Care Health Dev 2014; 40:900-10. [PMID: 24807234 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A large literature in developing countries finds a strong association between stunting in early childhood and educational attainment and/or cognitive performance among children of school-going age. We contribute to the literature on the effects of stunting in childhood by exploring the links between linear growth retardation and measures of development among preschool-aged children. METHODS We analyse the association between stunting (height-for-age z-score <-2) at age 2 years and children's scores on the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) at age 4 years, a measure of social competence or 'daily living skills', and the Revised-Denver Prescreening Developmental Questionnaire (R-DPDQ) at age 5 years, a test which places greater emphasis on cognitive functioning. The sample is drawn from the Birth to Twenty cohort study, a prospective dataset of children born in 1990 in urban South Africa. We conduct multivariate regression analysis controlling for socio-economic status, various child-specific characteristics, home environment and caregiver inputs. RESULTS No significant association between stunting and children's performance on the VSMS, but a large and significant association with the R-DPDQ scores, was found. A disaggregated analysis of the various components of the scores suggests that children with low height-for-age at 2 years do not fall behind in terms of daily living skills or social maturity, but do substantially worse on measures capturing higher order fine motor skills and cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS Stunting in early childhood is strongly related to impaired cognitive functioning in children of preschool age, but does not seem to affect social maturity, at least as measured by the VSMS. These relationships between stunting at 2 years and psychosocial development at 4 and 5 years hold with extensive controls for socio-economic status, home environment, caregiver inputs and child characteristics included in the multivariate analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Casale
- School of the Built Environment and Development Studies, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Zühlke C, Deitermann B, Torbrügge C, Richter L. Gut vernetzt im Kinderschutz? Sind Kooperationsvereinbarungen zum Schutz von Kindern suchtmittelabhängiger Eltern ein zweckmäßiges Instrument für den Kinderschutz? Gesundheitswesen 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schiesaro A, Richter L, Ecker GF. How to solve the problems of docking into a symmetric binding site: the example of the HERG channel. Sci Pharm 2013; 81:677-82. [PMID: 24106666 PMCID: PMC3791932 DOI: 10.3797/scipharm.1307-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins, such as the hERG K+ channel or the HIV-1 protease, have a high degree of rotational symmetry. If the binding site of a ligand is composed of symmetrical subunits, the analysis of the docking poses of ligands is quite challenging. In the case of hERG, the four-fold symmetry of the entire channel is fully reflected in the binding site, which allows up to four poses with different coordinates of the ligand, but an identical interaction pattern. In light of our docking studies into the hERG potassium channel, we developed an algorithm (ROTALI) to detect the poses that are duplicates due to the symmetry of the channel. This led to a reduction in the number of poses to be considered in the subsequent steps by up to 52%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Schiesaro
- University of Vienna, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Althanstraße 14, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Amengual JL, Marco-Pallarés J, Richter L, Oung S, Schweikard A, Mohammadi B, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Münte TF. Tracking post-error adaptation in the motor system by transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neuroscience 2013; 250:342-51. [PMID: 23876325 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The commission of an error triggers cognitive control processes dedicated to error correction and prevention. Post-error adjustments leading to response slowing following an error ("post-error slowing"; PES) might be driven by changes in excitability of the motor regions and the corticospinal tract (CST). The time-course of such excitability modulations of the CST leading to PES is largely unknown. To track these presumed excitability changes after an error, single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was applied to the motor cortex ipsilateral to the responding hand, while participants were performing an Eriksen flanker task. A robotic arm with a movement compensation system was used to maintain the TMS coil in the correct position during the experiment. Magnetic pulses were delivered over the primary motor cortex ipsilateral to the active hand at different intervals (150, 300, 450 ms) after correct and erroneous responses, and the motor-evoked potentials (MEP) of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (FDI) contralateral to the stimulated hemisphere were recorded. MEP amplitude was increased 450 ms after the error. Two additional experiments showed that this increase was neither associated to the correction of the erroneous responses nor to the characteristics of the motor command. To the extent to which the excitability of the motor cortex ipsi- and contralateral to the response hand are inversely related, these results suggest a decrease in the excitability of the active motor cortex after an erroneous response. This modulation of the activity of the CST serves to prevent further premature and erroneous responses. At a more general level, the study shows the power of the TMS technique for the exploration of the temporal evolution of post-error adjustments within the motor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Amengual
- Department of Basic Psychology, University of Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
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