Effect of Combined Physical Exercise Training in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Among Adults with Obesity: A Randomized Clinical Trial

It is necessary to understand the relationship between different models of exercise periodization and the reduction of cardiovascular risk in adults with obesity. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of two periodization models of combined training on the cardiovascular risk of adults with obesity of both sexes. A randomized clinical trial was conducted with adults of both sexes with obesity. They were divided into three groups: control group (CG), non-periodized combined training group (NG), and combined training group with linear periodization (PG). The NG and PG groups underwent physical exercise training regimen for 16 weeks, in three weekly sessions of 60 min each, with the volume and intensity equalized. Cardiovascular risk was measured by the overall Framingham risk score (FRS). Generalized estimation equations and individual responsiveness analyses were used, stratified by sex. A statistically significant reduction in FRS was observed only in men of the NG (pre: 2.50 ± 0.56; post: 0.50 ± 1.02; p-value = 0.001). There was no statistically significant intervention effect on the women's cardiovascular risk. It was found that, regardless of sex, subjects in the control group mostly presented results of increased cardiovascular risk. In contrast, those belonging to the exercise groups, if not reduced, at least stabilized the chances of suffering a cardiovascular event in the next ten years after 16 weeks of combined training. Sixteen weeks of non-periodized combined training were sufficient to reduce cardiovascular risk in men with obesity. Both periodization models were important to stabilize the risk of developing a cardiovascular disease in the next 10 years.

Is Binge Drinking Associated With Specific Types of Exercise and Free Time Sports? A Pooled Analysis With 718,147 Adults

OBJECTIVE

To verify the association between exercise and free time sport types and binge drinking in a large sample of adults.

METHODS

Data of 718,147 adults from the "Surveillance of Risk and Protection Factors for Chronic Diseases by Telephone Survey" were used. We described the demographic and behavioral variables, and negative binomial regression analyzed the association between exercise and free time sport types and binge drinking adjusted by demographics variables, body mass index status, and television time.

RESULTS

Outdoor walking/running was the most common exercise reported (20.0%, 95% confidence interval [CI], 19.8%-20.2%), followed by team sports (8.1%; 95% CI, 8.0%-8.2%) and strengthening (8.0%; 95% CI, 7.9%-8.1%). The prevalence of binge drinking for each exercise and free time sport type ranged from 6.9% (water aerobics) to 31.9% (team sports). Participants engaging in strengthening (prevalence ratio = 1.12; 95% CI, 1.04-1.21, P = .002) and team sports (prevalence ratio = 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07-1.17, P < .001) were more likely to binge drink more frequently in the past 30 days than inactive participants.

CONCLUSIONS

It appears that the participants' profile plays an important role in the underlying social context of this association. Participants with more frequent strengthening and less frequent team sports practice, who were primarily younger and single, were more likely to binge drink frequently.

Sintomas de disfunção sexual em homens com 40 ou mais anos de idade: prevalência e fatores associados

Objetivo: O estudo objetivou verificar os fatores associados aos sintomas sexuais do envelhecimento masculino em uma amostra representativa em homens com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos da cidade de Pelotas, RS. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional, incluindo 421 homens que residiam na zona urbana do município. Para avaliar os sintomas sexuais do envelhecimento masculino foi utilizada a dimensão sexual da escala AMS - The Aging Male´s Symptoms Scale . Resultados: A prevalência dos sintomas sexuais do envelhecimento masculino foi de 64,3% (IC 95%: 59,3%-69,1%). Na análise multivariável o desfecho esteve associado diretamente idade e inversamente a autopercepção de saúde. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que a prevalência de sintomas sexuais na população masculina é importante. Políticas de saúde pública aliada ao aumento de hábitos de vida saudáveis poderiam minimizar esta prevalência e proporcionar melhor qualidade de vida a homens de meia idade e idosos.

Atividade física e sintomas do envelhecimento masculino em uma população do sul do Brasil

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação dos sintomas do envelhecimento masculino com o nível de atividade física no lazer e no deslocamento em homens de 40 anos ou mais da cidade de Pelotas, RS. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo transversal de base populacional incluindo 421 homens que residissem na zona urbana do município. Para avaliar os sintomas do envelhecimento masculino foi utilizada a escala AMS-The Aging Male's Symptoms Scale e para verificar o nível de atividade física foi utilizado o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) na versão longa. Para ser considerado ativo, era necessário atingir 150 min de atividade física por semana. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de sedentarismo nos domínios da atividade física do lazer e do deslocamento foi de 82,9% (IC95% 78,9-86,4). Os sintomas psicológicos e somáticos, além do escore geral do envelhecimento, diferiram significativamente entre os sedentários e os ativos (p < 0,05; p = 0,001; p = 0,02, respectivamente). A gravidade do escore geral também foi mais prevalente entre os sujeitos sedentários (p = 0,01), sendo que 90% destes apresentaram sintomas graves. CONCLUSÃO: A presença dos sintomas psicológicos e somáticos e, consequentemente do escore geral, bem como sua gravidade, foram menores entre aqueles sujeitos que atingiram as recomendações atuais de atividade física no lazer e no deslocamento.

Aging male's symptoms in a Southern Brazil population: lifestyle effects after the age of 40

BACKGROUND

The interest of epidemiological research about male's aging increased in recent years along with the need to evaluate health-related quality of life. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study to identify the prevalence of aging male's symptoms (AMS) and factors associated to this condition.

METHODS

The study included 421 men aged 40 years or older, living in the urban area of Pelotas, Southern Brazil. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic, behavioral, and health variables, and to verify the aging male's symptoms, the AMS Scale was used.

RESULTS

Moderate/severe male's symptoms was considered positive (AMS scores equal or above 37 points) in 20% of men (95% CI 16.1; 24.3). After controlling for confounders, the AMS was significantly associated with aging, self-perceived health status and smoking. The symptoms were more severe among physically inactive men.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings support the necessity to maintain healthy behaviors like not smoking and regular physical activity since such changeable behaviors could reduce the AMS acceleration and increase life quality and expectancy.