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Švančara P, Smaniotto P, Solidoro L, MacDonald JF, Patrick S, Gregory R, Barenghi CF, Weinfurtner S. Rotating curved spacetime signatures from a giant quantum vortex. Nature 2024; 628:66-70. [PMID: 38509373 PMCID: PMC10990935 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Gravity simulators1 are laboratory systems in which small excitations such as sound2 or surface waves3,4 behave as fields propagating on a curved spacetime geometry. The analogy between gravity and fluids requires vanishing viscosity2-4, a feature naturally realized in superfluids such as liquid helium or cold atomic clouds5-8. Such systems have been successful in verifying key predictions of quantum field theory in curved spacetime7-11. In particular, quantum simulations of rotating curved spacetimes indicative of astrophysical black holes require the realization of an extensive vortex flow12 in superfluid systems. Here we demonstrate that, despite the inherent instability of multiply quantized vortices13,14, a stationary giant quantum vortex can be stabilized in superfluid 4He. Its compact core carries thousands of circulation quanta, prevailing over current limitations in other physical systems such as magnons5, atomic clouds6,7 and polaritons15,16. We introduce a minimally invasive way to characterize the vortex flow17,18 by exploiting the interaction of micrometre-scale waves on the superfluid interface with the background velocity field. Intricate wave-vortex interactions, including the detection of bound states and distinctive analogue black hole ringdown signatures, have been observed. These results open new avenues to explore quantum-to-classical vortex transitions and use superfluid helium as a finite-temperature quantum field theory simulator for rotating curved spacetimes19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Švančara
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Nottingham Centre of Gravity, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Pietro Smaniotto
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Centre of Gravity, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Leonardo Solidoro
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Centre of Gravity, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James F MacDonald
- School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sam Patrick
- Department of Physics, King's College London, University of London, London, UK
| | - Ruth Gregory
- Department of Physics, King's College London, University of London, London, UK
- Perimeter Institute, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlo F Barenghi
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Silke Weinfurtner
- School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Nottingham Centre of Gravity, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
- Perimeter Institute, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
- Centre for the Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Quantum Non-Equilibrium Systems (CQNE), University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
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Farronato G, Assandri F, Miani A, Pereira P, Solidoro L. Gestione del dolore e terapia farmacologica complessa nei pazienti affetti da patie disfunzionali. Dental Cadmos 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0011-8524(14)70246-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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