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Riehle K, Kistler E, Öhlinger B, Heitz C, Ben-Shlomo D, Jung R, Mommsen H, Sterba JH, Gimatzidis S, Fantalkin A, Prillwitz S, Hein A, Geissler L, Lehmann G, Kindberg Jacobsen J, Posamentir R, Schlotzhauer U. Neutron activation analysis in Mediterranean Archaeology: current applications and future perspectives. Archaeol Anthropol Sci 2023; 15:25. [PMID: 36789354 PMCID: PMC9918394 DOI: 10.1007/s12520-023-01728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This paper, jointly written by participants of a workshop held in 2021, argues for an increased recognition and application of neutron activation analysis (NAA) in the archaeology of the ancient Mediterranean. Discussing the methodological strengths and challenges, it highlights the great potential NAA has for collecting proxy data from ceramics in order to develop progressive concepts of archaeological research within and beyond the Mediterranean Bronze and Iron Age, pointing out opportunities to revisit long-held assumptions of scholarship and to refine visual/macroscopic provenance determinations of pottery. To take full advantage of NAA's strengths toward a better understanding of the socioeconomic background of ceramics production, distribution, and consumption, the paper emphasises the need for both interdisciplinary collaboration and basic data publication requirements. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-023-01728-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Riehle
- Institut für Archäologien, Universität Innsbruck, Langer Weg 11, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institut für Klassische Archäologie, Universität Tübingen, Burgsteige 11, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Erich Kistler
- Institut für Archäologien, Universität Innsbruck, Langer Weg 11, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Öhlinger
- Institut für Archäologien, Universität Innsbruck, Langer Weg 11, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christian Heitz
- Institut für Archäologien, Universität Innsbruck, Langer Weg 11, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Reinhard Jung
- Austrian Archaeological Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hans Mommsen
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- Und Kernphysik, University of Bonn, Nussallee 14–16, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Johannes H. Sterba
- Center for Labelling and Isotope Production, TRIGA Center Atominstitut TU, Wien, Stadionallee 2, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanos Gimatzidis
- Austrian Archaeological Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Fantalkin
- Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University, Haim Levanon St. 30, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Susanne Prillwitz
- Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, University of Heidelberg, Sandgasse 7, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anno Hein
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”, PO Box 60037, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece
| | | | - Gunnar Lehmann
- Dept. of Bible, Archaeology and Ancient Near Eastern Studies, Ben-Gurion University, PO Box 653, 84105 Beer Sheva, Israel
| | | | - Richard Posamentir
- Institut für Klassische Archäologie, Universität Tübingen, Burgsteige 11, 72070 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Udo Schlotzhauer
- Eurasia Department, German Archaeological Institute, Im Dol 2-6, Haus II, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Gottesdiener K, Schnitzer T, Fisher C, Bockow B, Markenson J, Ko A, DeTora L, Curtis S, Geissler L, Gertz BJ. Results of a randomized, dose-ranging trial of etoricoxib in patients with osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2002; 41:1052-61. [PMID: 12209041 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/41.9.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical efficacy and tolerability of etoricoxib in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee and define the clinically active dose range for further clinical trials. METHODS This two-part, randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active comparator-controlled trial was conducted in 617 adults with knee OA. In Part 1 (6 weeks), patients received placebo, etoricoxib 5, 10, 30, 60 or 90 mg q.d. In Part 2 (8 weeks), patients received etoricoxib 30, 60 or 90 mg q.d. or diclofenac 50 mg t.i.d., predetermined at Part 1 allocation. Efficacy and safety were evaluated. Primary efficacy end-points were the Western Ontario and McMaster's University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain subscale, Patient Global Assessment of Response to Therapy, and Investigator Global Assessment of Disease Status. RESULTS At 6 weeks, etoricoxib 5, 10, 30, 60 and 90 mg each demonstrated clinical efficacy superior to placebo. Maximal efficacy was seen with 60 mg. In Part 2, etoricoxib 30, 60 and 90 mg were generally similar to diclofenac. Patients receiving etoricoxib 30, 60 or 90 mg in Parts I and II had sustained effects over 14 weeks. All treatments were well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS Etoricoxib 60 mg once daily showed maximal efficacy in treating OA in this study. Etoricoxib 5-90 mg once daily was generally well tolerated in OA patients for up to 14 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gottesdiener
- Clinical Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
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Reicin A, White R, Weinstein SF, Finn AF, Nguyen H, Peszek I, Geissler L, Seidenberg BC. Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, in combination with loratadine, a histamine receptor antagonist, in the treatment of chronic asthma. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:2481-8. [PMID: 10979060 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.160.16.2481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Montelukast sodium, a potent, oral, specific leukotriene-receptor antagonist, has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of chronic asthma. Loratadine, a selective histamine type 1 (H(1))-receptor antagonist, has demonstrated antiallergic properties. Leukotriene-receptor antagonists given concomitantly with H(1)-receptor antagonists have been shown to have additive effects in the prevention of bronchospasm in antigen-challenge models. OBJECTIVE To determine whether montelukast plus loratadine provides improved efficacy to montelukast alone in the treatment of chronic asthma. METHODS The efficacy of montelukast alone vs montelukast-loratadine was studied in a 10-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, 2 x 2 crossover study. After a 2-week placebo run-in period, patients received montelukast sodium (10 mg) plus loratadine (20 mg), or montelukast sodium (10 mg) plus placebo once daily for 2 weeks. After a 2-week placebo washout period, patients were crossed over to receive 2 weeks of the other active treatment regimen, followed by another 2-week placebo washout period. RESULTS Montelukast given concomitantly with loratadine caused significant improvement in percentage of change from baseline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) compared with montelukast alone (13.86% vs 9.72%; P =.001). The average additional effect of loratadine (least square mean difference in percentage of change from baseline in FEV(1)) was 4.15% (95% confidence interval, 1.65%-6.65%). Key secondary end points (mean daily beta-agonist use, daytime and nighttime symptom scores, morning and evening peak expiratory flow rate, and the Patient Global Evaluation) all showed significant improvement with montelukast-loratadine (P<.05). CONCLUSION Montelukast-loratadine significantly improved end points of asthma control during a 2-week treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reicin
- Pulmonary/Immunology, Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 2000, RY32-649, Rahway, NJ 07065.
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Drake L, Hordinsky M, Fiedler V, Swinehart J, Unger WP, Cotterill PC, Thiboutot DM, Lowe N, Jacobson C, Whiting D, Stieglitz S, Kraus SJ, Griffin EI, Weiss D, Carrington P, Gencheff C, Cole GW, Pariser DM, Epstein ES, Tanaka W, Dallob A, Vandormael K, Geissler L, Waldstreicher J. The effects of finasteride on scalp skin and serum androgen levels in men with androgenetic alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol 1999; 41:550-4. [PMID: 10495374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data suggest that androgenetic alopecia is a process dependent on dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and type 2 5alpha-reductase. Finasteride is a type 2 5alpha-reductase inhibitor that has been shown to slow further hair loss and improve hair growth in men with androgenetic alopecia. OBJECTIVE We attempted to determine the effect of finasteride on scalp skin and serum androgens. METHODS Men with androgenetic alopecia (N = 249) underwent scalp biopsies before and after receiving 0.01, 0.05, 0.2, 1, or 5 mg daily of finasteride or placebo for 42 days. RESULTS Scalp skin DHT levels declined significantly by 13.0% with placebo and by 14.9%, 61.6%, 56. 5%, 64.1%, and 69.4% with 0.01, 0.05, 0.2, 1, and 5 mg doses of finasteride, respectively. Serum DHT levels declined significantly (P <.001) by 49.5%, 68.6%, 71.4%, and 72.2% in the 0.05, 0.2, 1, and 5 mg finasteride treatment groups, respectively. CONCLUSION In this study, doses of finasteride as low as 0.2 mg per day maximally decreased both scalp skin and serum DHT levels. These data support the rationale used to conduct clinical trials in men with male pattern hair loss at doses of finasteride between 0.2 and 5 mg.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Drake
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, USA
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