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Britoh Mlan A, Burke RM, Koné H, Boni-Cisse C, N'Guessan R, Zaba F, Aka LN, N'Zue K, Adom SK, Kouadio SK, Bhérat Kouadio A, Meité S, Koffi S, Faye-Kette H, Shaba K, Ntsama B, Biey J, Aliabadi N, Mwenda JM, Parashar UD, Tate JE. Impact of rotavirus vaccine introduction in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2156231. [PMID: 36719054 PMCID: PMC9980462 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2156231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Côte d'Ivoire introduced rotavirus vaccine in March 2017. Rotavirus surveillance is conducted at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon in Abidjan, the capital city. Children <5 years of age are enrolled in rotavirus surveillance if admitted to the hospital with acute gastroenteritis. We used sentinel surveillance data from 2014 through mid-2019 to compare trends in rotavirus pediatric gastroenteritis hospitalizations before and after rotavirus vaccine introduction. We used Poisson regression to analyze changes in rotavirus prevalence, adjusting for calendar month and accounting for total monthly admissions; January 2014 - December 2016 was considered "pre-vaccine," and January 2017 - June 2019 was considered "post-vaccine." Age distribution and severity were compared between periods using the Mann-Whitney U test. Rotavirus-positive admissions declined 51% (95% CI: 28%-67%), from 31.5% pre-vaccine to 14.9% afterward. The median age of rotavirus-positive children increased from 7 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 5-11) in the pre-vaccine period to 11 months (IQR: 7-18, p = .005) in the post-vaccine period. The median severity score decreased from 11 to 9 (p = .008) among all children, and from 12 pre- to 10.5 post-vaccine (p = .35) among rotavirus-positive children. Our findings suggest that rotavirus vaccine introduction contributed to reduced rotavirus hospitalization in Abidjan and possibly more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Britoh Mlan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Rachel M Burke
- Viral Gastroenteritis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hamidou Koné
- Direction de Programme Elargi de Vaccination, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Rebecca N'Guessan
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Flore Zaba
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Lepri Nicaise Aka
- Direction de Programme Elargi de Vaccination, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Kofi N'Zue
- Country Office for Côte d'Ivoire, World Health Organization, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - San Koffi Adom
- Country Office for Côte d'Ivoire, World Health Organization, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Sié Kabran Kouadio
- Country Office for Côte d'Ivoire, World Health Organization, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Syndou Meité
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.,Institut Pasteur, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | | | - Keith Shaba
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Bernard Ntsama
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Inter-Support Team for West Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Joseph Biey
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Inter-Support Team for West Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Negar Aliabadi
- Viral Gastroenteritis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jason M Mwenda
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Africa, Brazzaville, Republic of Congo
| | - Umesh D Parashar
- Viral Gastroenteritis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jacqueline E Tate
- Viral Gastroenteritis Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Aké-Tano SOP, Kpebo DO, Konan YE, Tetchi EO, Sable SP, Ekou FK, Attoh TH, Aka LN, Diarassouba B, Dagnan NCS. [Abortion practices in high school students in Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire]. Sante Publique 2017; 29:711-717. [PMID: 29384305 DOI: 10.3917/spub.175.0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Induced abortion is illegal in Cote d'Ivoire, except when the mother's life is in danger. The primary objective of this study was to describe abortion practices among Yamoussoukro high school students. More specifically, this study estimated the prevalence of induced abortion, described the pathway and the methods used for abortion and determined any abortion-related complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2011 on 312 randomly selected girls attending the Lycée Jeunes Filles in Yamoussoukro. RESULTS These girls had a mean age (SD) of 16.1 (4.7) years; 258 (82.7%) of them had already had sexual intercourse and 81 (31.4%) had already been pregnant. Fifty (61.7% [56.3-67.1%]) of these 81 girls had already had an abortion. The abortion pathway was as follows: the main method was self-prescribed medication (70%) as first attempt, followed, in case of failure, by traditional healers (56.4%). Healthcare practitioners were usually consulted at the third attempt (85.7%). The most commonly used methods of abortion were drugs (91.9%), ingestion of plants/beverages (68.5%) and introduction of devices into the uterine cavity (62.3%). Twenty-two (44%) out of 50 induced abortions resulted in complications, mostly infectious complications (81.8%), and bleeding (68.2%). Complications were significantly associated with self-induced abortions or abortions performed by traditional healers (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION More intensive sexual education, access to modern methods of contraception, awareness campaigns concerning the risks related to unwanted pregnancies and abortions performed by non-medical personnel need to be implemented to prevent school abortions. The quality and accessibility of post-abortion services also need to be reinforced.
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Ekra KD, Attoh-Touré H, Bénié BVJ, Coulibaly D, Koutouan MG, Aka LN, Dagnan SN, Coulibaly A, Douba A, Tiembré I, Odéhouri-Koudou P, Tagliante-Saracino J. [Five years of cholera surveillance in Ivory Coast during social and political crisis, 2001 to 2005]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2009; 102:107-109. [PMID: 19583033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
For an efficient struggle against infectious diseases with epidemic potential, the Cdte d'Ivoire set up a precocious alert system in 2001 with a main objective: to detect epidemics of cholera, measles, yellow fever and meningitis and to provide necessary information for their control and their prevention. During the 2001 to 2005 period, the country was marked by military and political crisis which occurred in 2002; the country had to face up to a reappearance of cholera. How did it evolve in such a context? The question was to describe the performances of the system and the evolution of cholera from weekly data collected by the centers of epidemiological monitoring in health districts. The cases and declared deaths were compiled and the indicators of morbidity and mortality were then studied according to time site and individual features on the period of 2001 to 2005. From 2001 to 2005, 11,874 cases were notified with 564 deaths and a lethal rate of 4.7%. In 2001, from the initial source of infection, the civil jail, the epidemic of cholera disseminated itself through visitors in the whole city of Abidjan where 3250 cases were notified. Out of city, 20 outbreaks have been declared with a total of 3010 cases. The yearly highest impact, 37 living cases/100,000 inhabitants recorded in 2001, decreased regularly until 2005 with 0.2 living cases/100,000. After 2002, outbreaks were located mainly in the half south of the country which welcomed displaced populations from the north, preferably in transition or settling zones near the front line. The lethal rate in Abidjan (2.3%) was less important than that of other health districts (8.6%). The lethal rate globally increased as the impact decreased. Vibrio cholerae was responsible for the epidemics. The group of 15 years old and over was the most affected (12.69 living cases/100,000) whereas the highest lethal rate appeared in the group under 5 years old (6.6%). The reappearance and constant cholera epidemics in Côte d'Ivoire are due to bad general hygiene conditions, insufficient supply of drinking water from wells or packaged, concentration of populations in the south of the country due to war and uncontrolled development of the poor and unsanitary precarious boroughs. Outburst during the dry season is a warning signal of an important epidemic during the raining season especially in poor urban areas. The precocious alert system has permitted to detect the epidemics, to follow up their evolution and to orientate the struggle against cholera in Côte d'Ivoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Ekra
- Département de santé publique et informatique médicale, UFR sciences médicales de l'Universita de Cocody, BPV 34 Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
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