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Wang HT, Xiao FH, Gao ZL, Guo LY, Yang LQ, Li GH, Kong QP. Methylation entropy landscape of Chinese long-lived individuals reveals lower epigenetic noise related to human healthy aging. Aging Cell 2024:e14163. [PMID: 38566438 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The transition from ordered to noisy is a significant epigenetic signature of aging and age-related disease. As a paradigm of healthy human aging and longevity, long-lived individuals (LLI, >90 years old) may possess characteristic strategies in coping with the disordered epigenetic regulation. In this study, we constructed high-resolution blood epigenetic noise landscapes for this cohort by a methylation entropy (ME) method using whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). Although a universal increase in global ME occurred with chronological age in general control samples, this trend was suppressed in LLIs. Importantly, we identified 38,923 genomic regions with LLI-specific lower ME (LLI-specific lower entropy regions, for short, LLI-specific LERs). These regions were overrepresented in promoters, which likely function in transcriptional noise suppression. Genes associated with LLI-specific LERs have a considerable impact on SNP-based heritability of some aging-related disorders (e.g., asthma and stroke). Furthermore, neutrophil was identified as the primary cell type sustaining LLI-specific LERs. Our results highlight the stability of epigenetic order in promoters of genes involved with aging and age-related disorders within LLI epigenomes. This unique epigenetic feature reveals a previously unknown role of epigenetic order maintenance in specific genomic regions of LLIs, which helps open a new avenue on the epigenetic regulation mechanism in human healthy aging and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Tian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zong-Liang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li-Qin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Gong-Hua Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Evolution & Animal Models (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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Yan Q, Yao WT, Du XH, Guo LY, Fan YC. [Efficacy and safety of Anlotinib in the treatment of advanced sarcoma]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2023; 45:904-910. [PMID: 37875427 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20210820-00632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Patients with advanced sarcomas have a dismal prognosis with few effective therapies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in the treatment of advanced sarcoma and to explore the relationship between adverse events (AEs) and efficacy. Methods: Data from 45 advanced sarcoma patients who received anlotinib monotherapy at Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University between June 2018 and August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1, the objective remission rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were calculated, and the progression free survival (PFS) and treatment-related AEs were recorded and analyzed. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier survival rates were compared using the Log rank test. Results: Forty patients were treated for more than 1.5 months and received efficacy evaluation. The ORR and DCR after 3 months were 7.5%(3/40) and 80.0%(32/40), respectively. The overall ORR was 2.5%(1/40), the total DCR was 27.5%(11/40), and the median progression-free survival (m-PFS) was 6.70 months; The m-PFS of alveolar soft tissue sarcoma (ASPS) was 10.27 months, which was significantly longer than that of other subtypes of sarcoma (P=0.048). In addition, the DCR of ASPS and synovial sarcoma (SS) was significantly better than that of osteosarcoma (P<0.05). The most common AEs were elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (17.8%, 8/45), anemia (15.6%, 7/45), fatigue (11.1%, 5/45). Five patients developed grade 3 AEs after treatment; The PFS of patients with hand-foot syndrome after treatment was significantly longer than that of patients without hand-foot syndrome (14.10 vs 6.00, P=0.024). Conclusions: The efficacy of anlotinib in the treatment of ASPS and SS is better than that of other subtypes. The PFS in the group with hand-foot syndrome was significantly longer than that of the group without hand-foot syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Yan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tumor, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - W T Yao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tumor, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - X H Du
- Department of Bone and Soft Tumor, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tumor, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Y C Fan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tumor, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
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Guo LY, Xiang C, Zhao RY, Chen SN, Ma SJ, Han YC. [Gene mutation profiles and clinicopathological features of patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring KRAS G12C mutation: a single-center retrospective study]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:117-123. [PMID: 36748130 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220629-00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To accurately screen non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with KRAS G12C mutation and to evaluate their clinicopathological features, prognostic factors and current treatment status. Methods: A total of 19 410 NSCLC cases diagnosed at the Department of Pathology of Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China from January 2018 to September 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and the cases with KRAS gene mutation detected by next-generation sequencing were included. The clinicopathological and genetic mutation data of these cases were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 1 633 (8.4%) NSCLC patients carried a KRAS gene mutation, among whom G12C was the most frequent (468 cases, 28.7%) mutant subtype. The mutation was more commonly found in males (414/468, 88.5%), patients with a history of smoking (308/468, 65.8%), and patients with a pathological type of invasive adenocarcinoma (231/468, 49.4%). The most common co-mutated genes in KRAS G12C mutant NSCLC were TP53 (52.4%, 245/468), STK11 (18.6%, 87/468) and ATM (13.2%, 62/468). The proportion of PD-L1 expression (≥1%) in KRAS G12C mutant NSCLC was significantly higher than that in patients without G12C mutation [64.3% (90/140) vs. 56.1% (193/344), P=0.014]. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in NSCLC patients (10.0 months vs. 5.0 months, P=0.011). However, combination of chemotherapy and ICIs with anti-angiogenesis inhibitors or multi-target inhibitors did not significantly improve PFS in patients with KRAS G12C mutant NSCLC (P>0.05). Patients with KRAS G12C mutation NSCLC treated with ICIs and KRAS G12C patients with TP53 mutation had significantly longer median PFS than those with STK11 mutation (9.0 months vs. 4.3 months, P=0.012). Conclusions: Patients with KRAS G12C mutant NSCLC have relatively higher levels of PD-L1 expression and can benefit from ICIs treatment. The feasibility of chemotherapy, ICIs therapy and their combination needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - C Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - R Y Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - S N Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - S J Ma
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y C Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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Wang T, Lv JL, Xu J, Wang XW, Zhu XQ, Guo LY. The catalase-peroxidase PiCP1 plays a critical role in abiotic stress resistance, pathogenicity and asexual structure development in Phytophthora infestans. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:532-547. [PMID: 36495132 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Catalase-peroxidase is a heme oxidoreductase widely distributed in bacteria and lower eukaryotes. In this study, we identified a catalase-peroxidase PiCP1 (PITG_05579) in Phytophthora infestans. PiCP1 had catalase/peroxidase and secretion activities and was highly expressed in sporangia and upregulated in response to oxidative and heat stresses. Compared with wild type, PiCP1-silenced transformants (STs) had decreased catalase activity, reduced oxidant stress resistance and damped cell wall integrity. In contrast, PiCP1-overexpression transformants (OTs) demonstrated increased tolerance to abiotic stresses and induced the upregulation of PR genes in the host salicylic acid pathway. The high concentration of PiCP1 can also induced callose deposition in plant tissue. Importantly, both STs and OTs have severely reduced sporangia formation and zoospore releasing rate, but the sporangia germination rate and type varied depending on environmental conditions. Comparative sequence analyses show that catalase-peroxidases are broadly distributed and highly conserved among soil-borne plant parasitic oomycetes, but not in freshwater-inhabiting or strictly plants-inhabiting oomycetes. In addition, we found that silencing PiCP1 downregulated the expression of PiCAT2. These results revealed the important roles of PiCP1 in abiotic stress resistance, pathogenicity and in regulating asexual structure development in response to environmental change. Our findings provide new insights into catalase-peroxidase functions in eukaryotic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhong Wang
- College of Plant Protection and Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Microbial Processing for Bast Fiber Product of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MOAR, Changsha, PR China
| | - Jia-Lu Lv
- College of Plant Protection and Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jianping Xu
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Genetic Breeding and Microbial Processing for Bast Fiber Product of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory of Biological and Processing for Bast Fiber Crops, MOAR, Changsha, PR China
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Xiao-Wen Wang
- College of Plant Protection and Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Zhu
- College of Plant Protection and Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- College of Plant Protection and Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, MOA, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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Chang Y, Chen TM, Guo LY, Wang ZZ, Liu SP, Hu B, Wang Q, Feng W, Liu G. [Analysis of clinical features and poor prognostic factors of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2022; 60:756-761. [PMID: 35922184 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20220610-00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics, pathogenic bacteria, complications and risk factors of prognosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis in children. Methods: The clinical manifestations, laboratorg tests, etiological charateristics and clinical data of 107 patients with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the drug sensitivity results of Staphylococcus aureus, the group was divided into methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) group; according to the presence or absence of complications, the group was divided into the group with and without complications; according to the prognosis of the follow-up children, the group was divided into good prognosis and poor prognosis. The χ2 test or Mann-Whitney U test used for comparison between groups, and Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for complications and prognosis. Results: Of the 107 patients, 62 were males and 45 were females. The age of presentation was 5.6 (1.7, 10.0) years, including 5 patients (4.7%) age from >28 days to 3 months, 46 patients (43.0%) age from >3 months to 5 years, 43 patients (40.2%)>5-12 years of age, and 13 patients (12.1%)>12-18 years of age. The first symptoms were acute fever in 35 patients (32.7%), limb pain in 24 patients (22.4%), and fever with limb pain in 23 patients (21.5%). Pathogen culture was positive in 75 patients (70.1%), Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli in 1 case (1.4%) each, and Staphylococcus aureus in 72 cases (96.0%), among them, 47 cases were MSSA, 22 cases were MRSA, and 3 cases had positive reports of Staphylococcus aureus from other hospitals without drug-sensitive tests. The proportion of infected children living in rural areas and receiving surgical treatment was higher in the MRSA group than in the MSSA group (14 cases (63.6%) vs. 18 cases (38.3%) and 21 cases (95.5%) vs. 33 cases (70.2%), χ2=3.87, 4.23, both P<0.05). Sixty-five children had no complications while 42 children (39.3%) suffered from complications. Common complications consisted of 19 cases (17.8%) of sepsis, 17 cases (15.9%) of septic arthritis, and 12 cases (11.2%) of venous thrombosis. The group with complications showed higher mental changes, decreased appetite and (or) weakness, positive pathogenic cultures, and time from admission to surgery than the group without complications (18 cases (42.9%) vs. 9 cases (13.8%), 20 cases (47.6%) vs. 12 cases (18.5%), 34 cases (81.0%) vs. 41 cases (63.1%), 3.5 (2.0, 6.0) vs. 2.0 (1.0, 4.0) d,χ2=11.38, 10.35, 3.89, Z=2.21, all P<0.05). The poor prognosis group had more comorbidities, combined local complications, and positive aureus than the good prognosis group (10/15 vs. 34.9% (30/86), 7/15 vs. 17.4% (15/86), 14/15 vs. 61.6% (53/86), χ2=5.39, 6.40, 4.42, all P<0.05). Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that acute phase C-reactive protein (CRP) was both an independent risk factor for complications (OR=1.01, 95%CI 1.01-1.02) and an independent risk factor for poor prognosis (OR=1.01, 95%CI 1.00-1.02). Conclusions: The first symptoms of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis are acute fever, limb pain, and fever with limb pain are most common. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogenic organism. Those with loss of appetite and (or) weakness, mental changes, positive pathogenic cultures, and longer time between admission and surgery are prone to complications. Those with complications, combined local complications, and positive for Staphylococcus aureus had a poor prognosis. Elevated CRP is an independent risk factor not only for complications but for poor prognosis as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Chang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - T M Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Z Z Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - S P Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - B Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Q Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - W Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - G Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Critical infection in Children, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100045, China
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Guo LY, Li Q, liu Y, Li L, Ni Y, Li Y, Pan F. Palladium‐Catalyzed Alkynylation of Alkenes via C‐H Activation for the Preparation of Conjugated 1,3‐Enynes. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202101365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Li
- Sichuan Normal University CHINA
| | | | - Lin Li
- Sichuan Normal University CHINA
| | | | - Yang Li
- Sichuan Normal University CHINA
| | - Fei Pan
- Sichuan Normal University CHINA
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Shi J, Guo LY, Hu QP, Liu YT, Li Q, Pan F. Photoredox-Catalyzed Difunctionalization of Unactivated Olefins for Synthesizing Lactam-Substituted gem-Difluoroalkenes. Org Lett 2021; 23:8822-8827. [PMID: 34723553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis of lactam-substituted gem-difluoroalkenes has been developed through a photoredox-catalyzed radical cascade reaction. This developed photoredox-catalyzed, Brønsted base-assisted intramolecular 5-exo-trig cyclization/intermolecular radical addition/β-fluoride elimination reaction offers a simple method for producing lactam, carbamate, or urea-substituted gem-difluoroalkenes with good functional group tolerance and high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shi
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Qu-Ping Hu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tao Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Pan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, People's Republic of China
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Shi JF, Liu HH, Dou ZZ, Guo LY, Feng WY, Zhou Y, Li Y, Jin X, Hu HL, Zheng ZP, Liu B, Hu B, Chen TM, Guo X, Chen HY, Liu G. [Characteristics and recovery of hearing loss in 573 patients with bacterial meningitis]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:633-639. [PMID: 34333914 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20210511-00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the characteristics and prognosis of hearing loss in children with bacterial meningitis. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. Patients diagnosed with bacterial meningitis who were hospitalized in Beijing Children's Hospital between 2010 and 2016 and older than 28 days and younger than 18 years at symptom onset were included in this study (n=573). All clinical information including hearing assessment results during hospitalization were reviewed. All patients with hearing loss were followed up to repeat their hearing test and assess their hearing condition with parents' evaluation of aural and (or) oral performance of children (PEACH). Patients were grouped according to their hearing assessment results, and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for hearing loss in patients with bacterial meningitis. Results: Five hundred and seventy-three patients were enrolled in this study, including 347 males and 226 females. The onset age ranged from 29 days to 15.8 years. Two hundred and forty-six patients had identified causative pathogens, among whom 92 cases (37.4%) were pneumococcal meningitis cases. Hearing loss was found in 160 cases (27.9%) during hospitalization, involving 240 ears. Permanent hearing loss was found in 20 cases (16.9%), involving 32 ears. In the patients with permanent hearing loss, 87.5% (28/32) of ears were identified as severe or profound hearing loss during hospitalization. Logistic regression analysis showed that dystonia, the protein concentration level in cerebrospinal fluid>1 g/L, glucose concentration level lower than 1 mmol/L and subdural effusion were independent risk factors for hearing loss (OR=2.426 (1.450-4.059), 1.865 (1.186-2.932), 1.544 (1.002-2.381) and 1.904 (1.291-2.809)). Conclusions: Hearing loss is a common sequela of bacterial meningitis in children. Most patients have transient hearing loss, but patients with severe or profound hearing impairment have a higher risk of developing permanent hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - H H Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Z Z Dou
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - W Y Feng
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - X Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - H L Hu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Z P Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - B Hu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - T M Chen
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - X Guo
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - H Y Chen
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - G Liu
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
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Miao J, Wang L, Cui HT, Guo LY, Wang J, Lei JY, Jia JW. [Study on the effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of brucellosis]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2021; 39:253-257. [PMID: 33910282 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20200817-00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on brucellosis and its influence on humoral immune indexes. Methods: In October 2019, 169 cases of brucellosis hospitalized in Tianjin Second People's Hospital were selected as the research objects, and divided into two groups according to the random number method, 84 cases in the integrated treatment group and 85 cases in the western medicine treatment group. The western medicine treatment group was given antibiotics and other routine western medicine support treatment. The integrated treatment group was given traditional Chinese medicine for treatment based on syndrome differentiation, on the basis of western medicine treatment group, and 6 weeks was a course of treatment. The clinical efficacy and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores were compared between the two groups of patients after treatment, and the changes in humoral immune indexes, biochemical, and liver and kidney functions of the patients before and after treatment were analyzed. Results: The total effective rate was 100.00% (84/84) in the integrated treatment group and 97.65% (83/85) in the western medicine treatment group. The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) . The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05) . There was no statistically significant difference in TCM syndrome scores between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05) , and the TCM syndrome scores after treatment were lower than before treatment (P<0.05) . Among them, the TCM syndrome scores of the integrated treatment group were lower than those of the western medicine treatment group (P<0.05) . There was no significant difference in IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4, miRNA-155, C-reactive protein (CRP) , erythrocyte sedimention rate (ESR) , alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05) . After treatment, IgG, IgA, IgM, miRNA-155, CRP, ESR, ALT and AST were all lower than before treatment, and C3 and C4 complement levels were higher than before treatment (P<0.05) . Among them, IgG, IgA, IgM, miRNA-155, CRP, ESR, ALT and AST in the integrative treatment group were all lower than the western medicine treatment group, while the C3 and C4 complement levels were higher than the western medicine treatment group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The treatment of brucellosis with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine can significantly improve the TCM syndrome score and reduce the levels of CRP and ESR. The mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of the patient's humoral immunological indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Miao
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - L Wang
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - H T Cui
- Shandong University, Qingdao 250100, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - J Wang
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - J Y Lei
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - J W Jia
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
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Dong BZ, Zhu XQ, Fan J, Guo LY. The Cutinase Bdo_10846 Play an Important Role in the Virulence of Botryosphaeria dothidea and in Inducing the Wart Symptom on Apple Plant. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041910. [PMID: 33673023 PMCID: PMC7918748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeria dothidea is a pathogen with worldwide distribution, infecting hundreds of species of economically important woody plants. It infects and causes various symptoms on apple plants, including wart and canker on branches, twigs, and stems. However, the mechanism of warts formation is unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of wart formation by observing the transection ultrastructure of the inoculated cortical tissues at various time points of the infection process and detecting the expression of genes related to the pathogen pathogenicity and plant defense response. Results revealed that wart induced by B. dothidea consisted of proliferous of phelloderm cells, the newly formed secondary phellem, and the suberized phelloderm cells surrounding the invading mycelia. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed the significant upregulation of apple pathogenesis-related and suberification-related genes and a pathogen cutinase gene Bdo_10846. The Bdo_10846 knockout transformants showed reduced cutinase activity and decreased virulence. Transient expression of Bdo_10846 in Nicotiana benthamiana induced ROS burst, callose formation, the resistance of N. benthamiana to Botrytis cinerea, and significant upregulation of the plant pathogenesis-related and suberification-related genes. Additionally, the enzyme activity is essential for the induction. Virus-induced gene silencing demonstrated that the NbBAK1 and NbSOBIR1 expression were required for the Bdo_10846 induced defense response in N. benthamiana. These results revealed the mechanism of wart formation induced by B. dothidea invasion and the important roles of the cutinase Bdo_10846 in pathogen virulence and in inducing plant immunity.
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Zhang CJ, Wang SX, Liang YN, Wen SH, Dong BZ, Ding Z, Guo LY, Zhu XQ. Candidate Effectors from Botryosphaeria dothidea Suppress Plant Immunity and Contribute to Virulence. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E552. [PMID: 33430504 PMCID: PMC7826910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal effectors play important roles in host-pathogen interactions. Botryosphaeria dothidea is an ascomycetous fungus that is responsible for the diseases of hundreds of woody plant species, including apple ring rot, which seriously affects apples worldwide. However, little is known about the effectors of B. dothidea. In this study, we analyzed the B. dothidea genome and predicted 320 candidate effector genes, 124 of which were successfully amplified and cloned. We investigated the effects of these genes on plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana while using a transient expression system. Twenty-four hours after initial inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens cells carrying candidate effectors, the infiltrated leaves were challenged with A. tumefaciens cells carrying the BAX gene. In total, 116 candidate effectors completely inhibited, while one partially inhibited, the programmed cell death (PCD) of N. benthamiana induced by BAX, whereas seven candidate effectors had no effect. We then further tested seven candidate effectors able to suppress BAX-triggered PCD (BT-PCD) and found that they all completely inhibited PCD triggered by the elicitors INF1, MKK1, and NPK1. This result suggests that these effectors were activated in order to suppress pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity. The signal peptides of these candidate effectors exhibited secretory activity in yeast (pSUC2 vector). Moreover, the respective deletion of Bdo_11198 and Bdo_12090 significantly reduced the virulence of B. dothidea. These results suggest that these effectors play important roles in the interaction of B. dothidea with its hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiao-Qiong Zhu
- Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (C.-J.Z.); (S.-X.W.); (Y.-N.L.); (S.-H.W.); (B.-Z.D.); (Z.D.); (L.-Y.G.)
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Mao N, An CK, Guo LY, Wang M, Guo L, Guo SR, Long ES. Transmission risk of infectious droplets in physical spreading process at different times: A review. Build Environ 2020; 185:107307. [PMID: 33519041 PMCID: PMC7832643 DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Droplets provide a well-known transmission media in the COVID-19 epidemic, and the particle size is closely related to the classification of the transmission route. However, the term "aerosol" covers most particle sizes of suspended particulates because of information asymmetry in different disciplines, which may lead to misunderstandings in the selection of epidemic prevention and control strategies for the public. In this review, the time when these droplets are exhaled by a patient was taken as the initial time. Then, all available viral loads and numerical distribution of the exhaled droplets was analyzed, and the evaporation model of droplets in the air was combined with the deposition model of droplet nuclei in the respiratory tract. Lastly, the perspective that physical spread affects the transmission risk of different size droplets at different times was summarized for the first time. The results showed that although the distribution of exhaled droplets was dominated by small droplets, droplet volume was proportional to the third power of particle diameter, meaning that the viral load of a 100 μm droplet was approximately 106 times that of a 1 μm droplet at the initial time. Furthermore, the exhaled droplets are affected by heat and mass transfer of evaporation, water fraction, salt concentration, and acid-base balance (the water fraction > 98%), which lead them to change rapidly, and the viral survival condition also deteriorates dramatically. The time required for the initial diameter (do) of a droplet to shrink to the equilibrium diameter (de, about 30% of do) is approximately proportional to the second power of the particle diameter, taking only a few milliseconds for a 1 μm droplet but hundreds of milliseconds for a 10 μm droplet; in other words, the viruses carried by the large droplets can be preserved as much as possible. Finally, the infectious droplet nuclei maybe inhaled by the susceptible population through different and random contact routes, and the droplet nuclei with larger de decompose more easily into tiny particles on account of the accelerated collision in a complex airway, which can be deposited in the higher risk alveolar region. During disease transmission, the infectious droplet particle size varies widely, and the transmission risk varies significantly at different time nodes; therefore, the fuzzy term "aerosol" is not conducive to analyzing disease exposure risk. Recommendations for epidemic prevention and control strategies are: 1) Large droplets are the main conflict in disease transmission; thus, even if they are blocked by a homemade mask initially, it significantly contains the epidemic. 2) The early phase of contact, such as close-contact and short-range transmission, has the highest infection risk; therefore, social distancing can effectively keep the susceptible population from inhaling active viruses. 3) The risk of the fomite route depends on the time in contact with infectious viruses; thus, it is important to promote good health habits (including frequent hand washing, no-eye rubbing, coughing etiquette, normalization of surface cleaning), although blind and excessive disinfection measures are not advisable. 4) Compared with the large droplets, the small droplets have larger numbers but carry fewer viruses and are more prone to die through evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, Institute of Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - C K An
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Y Guo
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - M Wang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Guo
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - S R Guo
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - E S Long
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, Institute of Disaster Management and Reconstruction, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Guo LY, Xiang C, Zhao RY, Ma SJ, Ding BW, Dong N, Han YC. [Effect of storage time for non-small cell lung cancer FFPE samples on DNA detection using capture-based next-generation sequencing]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020; 49:619-622. [PMID: 32486543 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200225-00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Y Guo
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - C Xiang
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - R Y Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - S J Ma
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - B W Ding
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - N Dong
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y C Han
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China
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Wang XW, Lv JL, Shi YR, Guo LY. Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Revealed Genes Regulated by Histone Acetylation and Genes Related to Sex Hormone Biosynthesis in Phytophthora infestans. Front Genet 2020; 11:508. [PMID: 32508886 PMCID: PMC7253629 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most devastating diseases of potato, and was responsible for the death of millions of people during the Irish Potato Famine in the nineteenth century. Phytophthora infestans is a heterothallic oomycete that typically requires two compatible types (mating types), A1 and A2, to complete sexual reproduction (i.e., oospore production). Oospores have critical effects on disease epidemiology because they serve as the primary inoculum in subsequent growing seasons. The sexual reproduction of Phytophthora species is regulated by α hormones. In previous studies, we proved that transformants in which selected histone deacetylase (HDAC) genes are silenced exhibit abnormal hormone production. In the current study, we compared the transcriptomes of HDAC-silenced and wild-type strains to explore the genes regulated by HDAC and the genes involved in sex hormone biosynthesis in Phytophthora species. A total of 14,423 transcripts of unigenes were identified in the wild-type strain, the HDAC family-silenced transformant (HDST), and the HDAC7-silenced transformant (H7ST). After comparing the intergroup gene expression levels, 1,612 unigenes were identified as differentially expressed among these strains. The expression levels of 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The functional annotation of the DEGs by gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses indicated that HDACs affect the expression of genes related to metabolic and biosynthetic processes, RNA processing, translation, ribosome biogenesis, cellular structural constituents, RNA binding, and protein binding. Moreover, HDAC7 specifically influences the transcription of genes associated with transport, methylation, mitochondria, organelle inner membranes, receptors and transporters, and hydrolase activities. We also identified 18 candidate genes related to α hormones biosynthesis, including a gene encoding the NF-Y transcription factor (PITG_10861). The overexpression of PITG_10861 increased the production of hormone α2. The results of this study revealed P. infestans genes affected by histone acetylation. The data presented herein provide useful inputs for future research on the epigenetic mechanisms and mating behaviors of Phytophthora species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Lu Lv
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ru Shi
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Background Botryosphaeria dothidea causes apple white rot and infects many tree plants. Genome data for B. dothidea are available and many pathogenesis-related genes have been predicted. However, a gene manipulation method is needed to study the pathogenic mechanism of B. dothidea. Results We established a gene disruption (GD) method based on gene homologous recombination (GHR) for B. dothidea using polyethylene glycol-mediated protoplast transformation. The results showed that a GHR cassette gave much higher GD efficiency than a GHR plasmid. A high GD efficiency (1.3 ± 0.14 per 106 protopasts) and low frequency of random insertions were achieved with a DNA cassette quantity of 15 μg per 106 protoplasts. Moreover, we successfully disrupted genes in two strains. Bdo_05381-disrupted transformants produced less melanin, whereas the Bdo_02540-disrupted transformant showed a slower growth rate and a stronger resistance to Congo red. Conclusion The established GD method is efficient and convenient and has potential for studying gene functions and the pathogenic mechanisms of B. dothidea and other coenocytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Zhu Dong
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Laboratory of Mycology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Abstract
Objective The study aim was to investigate the mental health status of parents of patients with high myopia using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Methods The parents of 160 young patients with high myopia (high myopia group) and 80 healthy children (control group) participated in the study. The SCL-90 was used to evaluate mental health status. The SCL-90 total score and scores on each factor were calculated and compared between the two groups. Results The total SCL-90 score, total mean score, positive score and scores on somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, psychosis, diet and sleep were significantly higher in fathers and mothers of patients with high myopia than in parents of control group children. There were statistically significant between-group differences in the above indices. Conclusion Parents of children with high myopia are more likely to develop mental health problems than parents of healthy children. This suggests that mental health interventions for parents should not be ignored in the treatment and control of high myopia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yunnan Eye Institute, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Heng Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yunnan Eye Institute, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Hai Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yunnan Eye Institute, Kunming, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Clinical Medical Center of Ophthalmology, Kunming, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Kunming, China
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Li MH, Li YJ, Hu B, Guo LY, Guo X, Guan HZ, Zhang JZ, Liu G. [Clinical characteristics and next generation sequencing of three cases of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis with complications]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019; 57:603-607. [PMID: 31352745 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis (LMM) with complications, and analyze the outcomes of next generation sequencing. Methods: Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, imaging features, antibiotics treatment, and next generation sequencing of cerebrospinal fluid were analyzed in 3 LMM patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from July 2015 to November 2017. Results: The three patients were 1-year-old girl, 2-year-old girl, and 9-year-old boy, with normal immune function. They had eaten refrigerated food, milk or dairy products before onset. Symptoms included fever, headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and convulsions, etc. The complications of two cases (case 2 and 3) were appendicitis and Meckel's diverticulitis. The other one (case 1) was with sepsis and pneumonia. Leukocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid were elevated in all the three cases, and cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed meningeal or periventricular involvement. All the children were diagnosed with LMM by positive CSF culture. CSF for next generation sequencing was sent after carbapenem antibiotics using, yet all the results were positive. The positive results were returned 2, 9, and 9 days earlier than culture results, respectively. The gene coverage was 5.00%, 7.00%, 0.04%, and the reads was 2 561, 1 011 and 8, respectively. All the three children had recurrent fever despite using cephalosporin. Levels of leukocytes in the blood and CSF further elevated. After using carbapenem antibiotics, patients improved eventually and were discharged from hospital. Conclusions: LMM can occur in children with normal immune function and is usually associated with digestive system symptoms. Listeria monocytogenes can be detected quickly and accurately by the next generation sequencing technology, without being limited to sampling time and antibiotics application.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - Y J Li
- Shenzhen Huada Gene Research Institute, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - B Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - X Guo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
| | - H Z Guan
- Department of Neurology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China
| | - G Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, China
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Chen XM, Weng JY, Lai PL, Wang YL, Huang X, Geng SX, Guo LY, Huang T, Zeng LJ, Du X. [Artesunate attenuate chronic graft-versus-host disease by regulating Th17/Treg balance]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40:63-68. [PMID: 30704231 PMCID: PMC7351699 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
目的 探讨青蒿琥酯抗慢性移植物抗宿主病(cGVHD)的作用及可能机制。 方法 将B10D2小鼠的骨髓细胞和脾脏细胞混合悬液通过尾静脉输入近交系雌性BALB/c小鼠体内建立cGVHD模型,分别予青蒿琥酯(实验组)和丙酮腹腔(对照组)注射治疗。观察两组小鼠的cGVHD临床表现、生存时间和组织病理学改变;应用流式细胞术分析小鼠外周血和脾脏Th17和Treg细胞比例;免疫磁珠分选BALB/c小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞,分别予丙酮和青蒿琥酯进行干预72 h,流式细胞术分析两组Th17/Treg细胞比例。 结果 ①实验组小鼠cGVHD临床症状较对照组明显减轻,生存时间延长[(55.71±6.99)d对(46.57±7.83)d,χ2=5.457,P=0.020]。②实验组小鼠皮肤及肺脏cGVHD病理损伤较轻。③与对照组比较,实验组小鼠外周血、脾脏Th17细胞比例均降低[(0.58±0.19)%对(1.51±0.18)%,t=7.233,P<0.001;(0.71±0.18)%对(1.48±0.38)%,t=3.653,P=0.011],Treg细胞比例增高[(8.40±0.23)%对(4.45±0.04)%,t=15.680,P<0.001;(10.48±0.48)%对(6.62±0.24)%,t=6.590,P=0.003],Th17/Treg细胞比值均下降(0.09±0.03对0.34±0.05,t=7.621,P=0.002;0.06±0.02对0.19±0.03,t=6.993,P=0.002)。④体外培养小鼠脾脏CD4+T细胞,青蒿琥酯干预组较对照组Th17细胞比例减低[(0.82±0.37)%对(3.39±1.22)%,t=4.044,P=0.007],Treg细胞比例明显增高[(34.63±1.29)%对(14.28±1.69)%,t=19.119,P<0.001],Th17/Treg细胞比值下降(0.24±0.09对0.02±0.01,t=4.780,P=0.003)。 结论 青蒿琥酯可通过减少Th17细胞及增加Treg细胞,恢复Th17/Treg平衡,减轻cGVHD的临床与病理学损伤,从而发挥抗cGVHD作用。
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Affiliation(s)
- X M Chen
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Zai FL, Wu RL, Zheng MF, Guo LY. [Warming Needle Moxibustion Relieves Symptoms of Lumbar Disc Herniation Patients and Upregulates Plasma β-endorphin]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2019; 43:512-5. [PMID: 30232855 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.170736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the effect of warming needle moxibustion of Jiaji (EX-B 2), Huantiao (GB 30), etc. on lumbago and other symptoms of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) patients and changes of plasma β-endorphin (β-EP) content. METHODS A total of 60 LDH patients were equally randomized into warming needle moxibustion group and conventional acupuncture group. Patients of the conventional acupuncture group were treated by puncturing lumbar Jiaji (EX-B 2), Huantiao (GB 30), Weizhong (BL 40), and Yanglingquan (GB 34) with filiform acupuncture needles. Patients of the warming needle moxibustion group were treated by puncturing the same 4 acupoints, and with the acupuncture needle in lumbar EX-B 2 attached an ignited moxa-stick segment. The treatment in both groups lasted for 30 min every time, once every other day for 15 times, with 5 times being a therapeutic course and two days' rest between every two courses. The therapeutic effect was evaluated according to the "Criteria for Evaluating the Therapeutic Effect of Disorders of Traditional Chinese Medicine". The lumbago severity was assessed using visual analogue scale (VAS), and the lumbar functional activity assessed using modified Oswestry dysfunction (in objects-lifting, sitting, standing, walking, sleeping, pain, activity of daily living, social activity, outing, etc.) index (ODI). The plasma β-EP content was assayed using ELISA. RESULTS After the treatment, of the two 30 cases in the conventional acupuncture and warming needle moxibustion groups, 8 (26.67%) and 12 (40.00%) were under control, 8 (26.67%) and 10 (33.33%) had a marked improvement, 3 (10.00%) and 4 (13.33%) were effective, and 11 (36.66%) and 4 (13.33%) ineffective, with the effective rates being 63.34% and 86.66%, respectively. The effective rate of the warming needle moxibustion was significantly higher than that of the conventional acupuncture (P<0.05). The VAS scores and ODI values of the two groups were gradually decreased along with the prolongation of treatment, and significantly lower in the warming needle moxibustion group than in the acupuncture group at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd course of treatment (P<0.01). The levels of plasma β-EP were gradually increased in the two groups at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd course of treatment, and were obviously higher in the warming needle moxibustion group than in the conventional acupuncture group at each of the 3 courses (P<0.01). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in the two groups. CONCLUSION Warming needle moxibustion has a better therapeutic effect in relieving lumbago and lumbar dysfunction, and can up-regulate blood β-EP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lei Zai
- Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the Affiliated Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Rui-Lan Wu
- Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the Affiliated Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Mei-Feng Zheng
- Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the Affiliated Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Acupuncture and Physiotherapy, the Affiliated Peace Hospital of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi Province, China
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Guo LY, Zheng SL, Li J, Zhu Q, Duan WH, Zhang Y, Zhu YT, Hu M. Phenotypic variability of SLC7A14 mutations in patients with inherited retinal dystrophy. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 40:118-123. [PMID: 30924391 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2019.1586964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) is a group of retinal disorders that are both clinically and genetically diverse, typically with loss of photoreceptor function. Herein, we aimed to identify the underlying genetic defect in IRD patients with mutations in the SLC7A14 gene. METHODS A targeted exome capture panel was applied for mutational screening of SLC7A14. Targeted exome sequencing (TES) was performed on 200 non-syndromic and unrelated autosomal recessive or sporadic IRD families. Candidate variants were validated by direct sequencing and further examined using bioinformatics analyses for determination of their potential effect. RESULTS We identified compound heterozygous missense mutations (c.988G>A, p.G330R; c.1970G>A, p.R657Q) in an autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (RP) case and a homozygous mutation (c.988G>A, p.G330R) in a simplex case with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) in the SLC7A14 gene. Both G330R and R657Q were deleterious based on in silico predictive tools. Our proposed topological model of the SLC7A14 polypeptide suggested that both G330R and R657Q affected evolutionarily highly conserved amino acid residues in SLC7A14 that occurred in transmembrane helixes. Structural modeling revealed a broken arginine and aspartic acid connection between residues 657 and 406. CONCLUSIONS We applied TES to the molecular diagnosis of patients with IRD and for the first time identified SLC7A14 mutations in two unrelated families with RP and LCA separately. Our findings uniquely add the knowledge of the phenotypic variability of SLC7A14 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Guo
- a Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming , China.,b Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology , Kunming , China.,c Department of Ophthalmology , Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Sui-Lian Zheng
- d Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital , Wenzhou Medical University , Wenzhou , China
| | - Jun Li
- a Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming , China.,b Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology , Kunming , China.,c Department of Ophthalmology , Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Qin Zhu
- a Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming , China.,b Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology , Kunming , China.,c Department of Ophthalmology , Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Wen-Hua Duan
- a Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming , China.,b Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology , Kunming , China.,c Department of Ophthalmology , Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- e Research and Development Department , Tissue Tech, Inc , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Ying-Ting Zhu
- e Research and Development Department , Tissue Tech, Inc , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Min Hu
- a Department of Ophthalmology, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province , Kunming , China.,b Key Laboratory of Yunnan Province for the Prevention and Treatment of ophthalmology , Kunming , China.,c Department of Ophthalmology , Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
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Guo LY, Liu XX, Li ZY, Qin XY, Fan ZY, Li ZZ, Guan HT, Song L, Zou YH, Fan TY. [Preparation and evaluation of blank and doxorubicin loaded poly (acrylic acid) microspheres for embolization]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018; 50:1070-1077. [PMID: 30562784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prepare ion exchange doxorubicin-loaded poly (acrylic acid) microspheres (DPMs) and evaluate the properties of these chemoembolic agents. METHODS Poly (acrylic acid) microspheres (PMs) without drug were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization method and then doxorubicin was loaded by ion exchange mechanism to prepare DPMs. Optical microscope was used to investigate the morphology and particle size distribution of PMs and DPMs; fluorescence microscope and confocal microscope were used to observe the distribution of doxorubicin after drug loading. Elasticities of both the microspheres were evaluated by texture analyzer. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was established to determine the drug loading behavior of PMs and releasing behavior of DPMs. The in vivo embolic property was evaluated by embolizing the hepatic artery of a rabbit with 0.1 mL of DPMs. RESULTS PMs and DPMs were both spherical in shape, smooth in surface and dispersed well. Doxorubicin was mainly in the outer area inside of DPMs and distributed evenly. The average particle size of PMs and DPMs were (283±136) μm and (248±149) μm, respectively. PMs and DPMs both had good compression ability with the Young's modulus of (62.63±1.65) kPa and (93.94±1.10) kPa separately. PMs reached the drug loading balance at 12 h, and the entrapment efficiency was greater than 99%. Drug loading of PMs in doxorubicin solution at the concentration of 5.0 g/L and 12.5 g/L was (19.78±0.27) g/L and (49.45±0.37) g/L, respectively. Doxorubicin released slowly from DPMs in PBS and the accumulative release percentages of DPMs with corresponding drug loading were 6.82%±0.02% and 2.83%±0.10% after 24 h, respectively. Arterial angiograms showed that the hepatic artery of the rabbit was successfully embolized with DPMs. CONCLUSION DPMs with good performance of loading doxorubicin could be a potential embolic agent for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X X Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Z Y Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X Y Qin
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Z Y Fan
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Z Z Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - H T Guan
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - L Song
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Y H Zou
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - T Y Fan
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics and New Drug Delivery Systems, Peking University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Themis J. Michailides
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier, CA 93648
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier, CA 93648
| | - David P. Morgan
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Kearney Agricultural Center, Parlier, CA 93648
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Wang JR, Guo LY, Xiao CL, Zhu XQ. Detection and Identification of Six Monilinia spp. Causing Brown Rot Using TaqMan Real-Time PCR from Pure Cultures and Infected Apple Fruit. Plant Dis 2018; 102:1527-1533. [PMID: 30673419 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-17-1662-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brown rot is a severe disease affecting stone and pome fruit. This disease was recently confirmed to be caused by the following six closely related species: Monilinia fructicola, M. laxa, M. fructigena, Monilia polystroma, M. mumecola, and M. yunnanensis. Because of differences in geographic distributions, some of these species are important quarantine pathogens in certain countries. In this study, we developed TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays to detect and identify the six species. Primer pairs and probes were designed for Monilinia fructicola, M. fructigena, M. laxa, and Monilia polystroma based on sequence differences in the laccase-2 genes. Additionally, based on sequence differences in the elongation factor genes, primer pairs and probes were designed for Monilia mumecola and M. yunnanensis. The real-time PCR assays were able to specifically identify the target pathogens, with detection limits of 10 to 100 fg of DNA, which is equivalent to one to seven conidia. The assays were also able to detect the target pathogens in a mixed DNA sample comprising all six Monilinia spp. and related species. The real-time PCR assays accurately detected target fungi from infected apple fruit. Furthermore, the identification results were consistent with those of traditional morphological methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Lin Xiao
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA 93648
| | - Xiao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University
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Ding Z, Zhou T, Guo LY. Characterization of a novel strain of Botryosphaeria dothidea chrysovirus 1 from the apple white rot pathogen Botryosphaeria dothidea. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2097-2102. [DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Guo T, Wang XW, Shan K, Sun W, Guo LY. The Loricrin-Like Protein (LLP) of Phytophthora infestans Is Required for Oospore Formation and Plant Infection. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:142. [PMID: 28232841 PMCID: PMC5298957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Loricrin-like protein (LLP) is characterized by a high content of glycine residues and is a major component of plant cell wall. Here, we identified a Phytophthora infestans ortholog of plant LLP, named PiLLP. In P. infestans, PiLLP is strongly expressed in asexual and sexual developmental stages, including in sporangia, zoospores and germinating cysts, and during oospore formation, as well as in the early stages of infection and during hydrogen peroxide stress. Compared with the wild type, the PiLLP-silenced transformants were defective in oospore formation, had slower colony expansion rates, produced less sporangia with lower germination and zoospore-release rates, and were more sensitive to hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, Nile red staining, and PiLLP-red fluorescent protein fusions indicated that PiLLP is involved in oogonia formation. The silenced transformants also had severely diminished virulence levels that could be partially restored with diphenyleneiodium treatments. The analysis of catalase activity showed a decrease of catalase activity in silenced transformants. Thus, PiLLP is important for sexual and asexual reproduction, and is required for oxidative stress tolerance and plant infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology MOA, China Agricultural UniversityBeijing, China
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Wang R, Guo LY, Suo MY, Sun Y, Wu JY, Zhang XY, Liu CY. Role of the nitrergic pathway in motor effects of oxytocin in rat proximal colon. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 28:1815-1823. [PMID: 27302181 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxytocin (OT) reduces rat duodenal tone and mouse intestinal transit; however, the underlying mechanisms are not totally understood. Consequently, this study was designed to investigate the influence of OT on spontaneous mechanical activity and neurally evoked responses, to characterize the mechanisms of the action, and to determine the distribution of the OT receptor (OTR) in rat proximal colonic muscle strips. METHODS The organ bath technique with electrical field stimulation, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were used. KEY RESULTS In rat proximal colon, exogenous OT induced a concentration-dependent reduction of the spontaneous mechanical activity without affecting the resting basal tone, which was abolished by atosiban, an OTR antagonist, by tetrodotoxin (TTX), a neural blocker or by Nω-propyl-l-arginine hydrochloride, an inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). The inhibitory effects of OT were not affected by atropine or the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptor antagonist [Lys1, Pro2,5, Arg3,4, Tyr6]-VIP (VIPHyb). Proximal colon responses to electrical field stimulation were characterized by nonadrenergic, noncholinergic (NANC) relaxation, which was followed by an off-contraction. Oxytocin enhanced only NANC relaxation. Oxytocin stimulated spontaneous NO release from the longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation of rat proximal colon. Western blot and immunohistochemistry experiments showing the presence of the OTR in proximal colon, and its co-localization with nNOS established that myenteric nitrergic neurons express OTR. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The activation of OTR located on nitrergic neurons may negatively modulate colonic spontaneous contraction and enhance electrically evoked NANC relaxation through excitation of NO release.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - M Y Suo
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - J Y Wu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - X Y Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - C Y Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, China
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Wang XW, Guo LY, Han M, Shan K. Diversity, evolution and expression profiles of histone acetyltransferases and deacetylases in oomycetes. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:927. [PMID: 27852223 PMCID: PMC5112689 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3285-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oomycetes are a group of fungus-like eukaryotes with diverse microorganisms living in marine, freshwater and terrestrial environments. Many of them are important pathogens of plants and animals, causing severe economic losses. Based on previous study, gene expression in eukaryotic cells is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modification. However, little is known about epigenetic mechanisms of oomycetes. RESULTS In this study, we investigated the candidate genes in regulating histone acetylation in oomycetes genomes through bioinformatics approaches and identified a group of diverse histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetylases (HDACs), along with three putative novel HATs. Phylogenetic analyses suggested that most of these oomycetes HATs and HDACs derived from distinct evolutionary ancestors. Phylogenetic based analysis revealed the complex and distinct patterns of duplications and losses of HATs and HDACs in oomycetes. Moreover, gene expression analysis unveiled the specific expression patterns of the 33 HATs and 11 HDACs of Phytophthora infestans during the stages of development, infection and stress response. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we reveal the structure, diversity and the phylogeny of HATs and HDACs of oomycetes. By analyzing the expression data, we provide an overview of the specific biological stages of these genes involved. Our datasets provide useful inputs to help explore the epigenetic mechanisms and the relationship between genomes and phenotypes of oomycetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Miao Han
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kun Shan
- Department of Plant Pathology and the Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Abstract
Monilinia isolates were collected from major apple and pear production regions in China from 2004 to 2011 and identified based on their morphological characteristics and three highly conserved loci. The 247 isolates belonged to three species: Monilinia fructicola, Monilia yunnanensis, and Monilia polystroma. M. yunnanensis was the most prevalent (77%), followed by M. polystroma (20%) and Monilinia fructicola (3%). Monilia yunnanensis is primarily distributed in the south, north, and west of China; M. polystroma is limited to the north and east; and Monilinia fructicola was detected only from a few samples from the north and east. Phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and laccase (lcc2) genes suggested that Monilia yunnanensis, M. polystroma, and Monilinia fructigena are closely related, and Monilia yunnanensis is more distantly related. We also found that these three species do not show consistent differences in morphological characteristics, including colony morphology, colony expansion rate, conidial characteristics, and the amount of stroma produced in culture. Thus, these three species are more like phylogenetic species in the process of speciation. In addition, a set of species-specific primers based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms and deletions in the lcc2 gene region were designed and a conventional polymerase chain reaction method successfully developed for differentiating Monilinia fructicola, Monilia yunnanensis, M. polystroma, and Monilinia laxa from the other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193
| | - Cheng-Wang Niu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing, 100029
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing
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Zhang XJ, Wang YH, Gao S, Guo LY, Li HH, Song MY. [Relationship between gestational glucose, lipid metabolism parameters and fetal distress]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2016; 37:876-9. [PMID: 27346120 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the relationship between gestational glucose, lipid metabolism parameters and fetal distress. METHODS Retrospectively, 82 cases of primipara with fetal distress and 246 cases of primipara without any obstetric complications were analyzed. The latter were treated as control group. All the patients were from the same hospital between January, 2014 and January, 2016. Factors as fasting plasma-glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) parameters during early pregnancy, blood glucose of fasting, 1 hour and 2 hours in 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation, hemoglobin and blood pressure parameters during ante partum were recorded for all the cases while parameters as glucose and lipid, hemoglobin, blood pressure and cesarean section rate were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS FPG during early gestation, blood glucose of fasting, 1 hour and 2 hours 75 g OGTT during mid gestation, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure during late gestation in the'fetal distress'group were significantly higher than that of the control group. Hemoglobin during late gestation in the fetal distress group was lower than that of the control group, with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The rate of cesarean section in the fetal distress group was higher than that in the control group (χ(2)=4.489, P=0.034). CONCLUSIONS High BMI at pre-pregnancy, high blood glucose during early and mid-gestation, high blood pressure and anemia during late gestation were related to the fetal distress group. Cesarean section rate was high for pregnancy women with fetal distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- X J Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
| | - Y H Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
| | - S Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
| | - H H Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
| | - M Y Song
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Beijing 100043, China
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Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in primary liver cancer (PLC) and their association with prognosis. Tumor tissue, non-tumor tissue, and blood samples of 75 PLC patients were collected. Blood samples of 20 volunteers were also collected as healthy controls. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the mRNA levels of HIF-1α and VEGF in the tissues. Protein expression of HIF-1α and VEGF was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF at the serum level. Univariate tests, multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, and the Student t-test were used to analyze the data. HIF-1α and VEGF showed higher expression in PLC tumor tissue both at the mRNA and protein levels. HIF-1α and VEGF expression was positive in 62.67 and 66.67% of PLC patients, respectively. HIF-1α and VEGF expression was significantly related to tumor stage and lymph nodes and lung metastases (P < 0.05). HIF-1α expression correlated with VEGF expression in PLC (r = 0.665, P < 0.05). Both HIF-1α and VEGF were significantly associated with overall survival (P < 0.05), while HIF-1α was identified as an independent prognostic factor. Both HIF-1α and VEGF, as the predictors of efficacy of TACE and metastasis of PLC, are biomarkers indicating PLC in advanced stage, and implied poor prognosis in patients with PLC. HIF-1α and VEGF could potentially be targets to improve outcomes in PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - P Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, Liaoning, China
| | - X P Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical College, Liaoning, China
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Guo LY, Li YR, Jin XP. Expression and clinical significance of CD4+ CD45+ peripheral blood T cells in patients with ulcerative colitis. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:10338-43. [PMID: 26345973 DOI: 10.4238/2015.august.28.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to explore the expression of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+ T cells in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and determine its clinical value. We selected 80 patients with UC from the First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University from March 2012 to December 2013. Of these, 27 had mildly active, 28 moderately active, and 25 severely active UC. We also recruited 80 subjects to constitute the healthy control group. The percentages of CD4+CD45+ molecules on the peripheral blood T cell surfaces of patients were detected using flow cytometry and were compared between patients to determine the severity of illness. The percentage of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+T cells in the UC group was 52.93 ± 3.64% and in the controls it was 41.34 ± 2.94%; the UC group percentages were significantly higher (t = -22.159, P < 0.05). The average percentages in patients with mild, moderate, and severe activity were 50.99 ± 1.45, 52.66 ± 1.41, and 55.18 ± 2.18%, respectively; the moderate activity percentage was higher than that of mild activity, and the severely active stage percentage was overall the highest. Comparison between groups showed a statistically significant difference, F = 39.850, (P < 0.05). The expression levels of peripheral blood CD4+CD45+ T cells in the UC group were higher than those in the control group. Overall, our results showed that with the aggravation of disease the peripheral blood CD4+CD45+ T cell percentages were significantly increased, which might be useful as a marker for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Y R Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - X P Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Li GL, Hu JZ, Lu HB, Qu J, Guo LY, Zai FL. Anterior cervical discectomy with arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylosis. J Clin Neurosci 2014; 22:460-7. [PMID: 25533051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Revised: 08/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aims to estimate the benefits and drawbacks associated with anterior cervical discectomy with arthroplasty (ACDA) versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for cervical spondylosis. Of 3651 identified citations, 10 randomised controlled studies involving 2380 participants were included. Moderate quality evidence supports that patients in the ACDA group had: (1) a higher Neck Disability Index (NDI) success rate at 3 month (relative risk [RR]=0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78 to 0.93, p=0.0002) and 2 year follow-up (RR=0.95, 95%CI 0.91 to 1.00, p=0.04); (2) greater neurological success at 2 year follow-up (RR=0.95, 95%CI 0.92 to 0.98); and (3) were more likely to be employed within 6 weeks after surgery (RR=0.80 95%CI 0.66 to 0.96). In summary, the current evidence indicates that ACDA is associated with a higher NDI success rate in the short and long-term as well as a higher neurological success rate. Patients who undergo ACDA may also have a greater likelihood of being employed in the short-term. However, all of the evidence reviewed is of moderate or low quality and the clinical significance often marginal or unclear. Additional data are needed to compare the benefits and limitations of ACDA and ACDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Ling Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Zhong Hu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Bin Lu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jin Qu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Lei Zai
- Department of Sports Medicine, Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
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Bouwmeester K, Han M, Blanco-Portales R, Song W, Weide R, Guo LY, van der Vossen EAG, Govers F. The Arabidopsis lectin receptor kinase LecRK-I.9 enhances resistance to Phytophthora infestans in Solanaceous plants. Plant Biotechnol J 2014; 12:10-6. [PMID: 23980842 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Late blight caused by the plant pathogenic oomycete Phytophthora infestans is known as one of the most destructive potato diseases. Plant breeders tend to employ NB-LRR-based resistance for introducing genetically controlled late blight resistance in their breeding lines. However, P. infestans is able to rapidly escape this type of resistance, and hence, NB-LRR-based resistance in potato cultivars is often not durable. Previously, we identified a novel type of Phytophthora resistance in Arabidopsis. This resistance is mediated by the cell surface receptor LecRK-I.9, which belongs to the family of L-type lectin receptor kinases. In this study, we report that expression of the Arabidopsis LecRK-I.9 gene in potato and Nicotiana benthamiana results in significantly enhanced late blight resistance. Transcriptional profiling showed strong reduction in salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defence gene expression in LecRK-I.9 transgenic potato lines (TPLs). In contrast, transcripts of two protease inhibitor genes accumulated to extreme high levels, suggesting that LecRK-I.9-mediated late blight resistance is relying on a defence response that includes activation of protease inhibitors. These results demonstrate that the functionality of LecRK-I.9 in Phytophthora resistance is maintained after interfamily transfer to potato and N. benthamiana and suggest that this novel type of LecRK-based resistance can be exploited in breeding strategies to improve durable late blight resistance in Solanaceous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Bouwmeester
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands; Centre for BioSystems Genomics (CBSG), Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Deng WA, Zheng ZM, Yang RG, Guo LY, Zhou PN. Taxonomic study of the genus Eucriotettix hebard (Orthoptera: Tetrigidea) from China. Neotrop Entomol 2012; 41:485-492. [PMID: 23949673 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-012-0072-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The genus Eucriotettix Hebard from China was reviewed and 13 were species recorded, including two new species: Eucriotettix nigripennis Deng & Zheng n. sp. and Eucriotettix strictivertex Deng & Zheng n. sp. A key to the species of Eucriotettix from China is provided. Type specimens were deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Shaanxi Normal University.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Deng
- Dept of Chemistry and Life Science, Hechi University, Yizhou, Guangxi, China.
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Han M, Liu G, Li JP, Govers F, Zhu XQ, Shen CY, Guo LY. Phytophthora infestans field isolates from Gansu province, China are genetically highly diverse and show a high frequency of self fertility. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2012. [PMID: 23194320 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The genetic diversity of 85 isolates of Phytophthora infestans collected in 2007 from Gansu province in China was determined and compared with 21 isolates collected before 2004. Among them, 70 belonged to the A1 mating type and 15 were self-fertile (SF). The mitochondrial DNA haplotypes revealed both Ia (25%) and IIa (75%) haplotypes. Metalaxyl resistance occurred with high frequency (54%) in Gansu. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotyping revealed 26 genotypes (13 from the Tianshui region) among the 85 isolates, and 18 genotypes among the 21 isolates collected before 2004, without overlap in genotypes detected in the two groups. Cluster analysis showed clear subdivisions within the different mating type isolates. Among Gansu's isolates, Nei's and Shannon's diversity indices were highest in isolates collected in Tianshui where both A1 and SF isolates were found. Analysis of molecular variance of isolates from Gansu indicated that 51% and 49% of the variance was explained by within-area and among-area variance, respectively. The results suggest that the occurrence of SF isolates increases the risk of sexual reproduction, the formation of oospore as initial inocula in the field, and affects the genotypic diversity in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Han
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Mbirimtengerenji N, Schaio J, Guo LY, Muula A. Association of the dominant hand and needle stick injuries for healthcare workers in Taiwan. Malawi Med J 2012; 24:56-60. [PMID: 23638275 PMCID: PMC3576832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers face the risk of acquiring blood-borne infections from patients through needle stick injuries. Understanding the factors that are associated with increased risk, for example, the role of the dominant hand, is important so that preventive measures can be focused. METHODS The EPINet (Exposure Prevention, Information Network--a trade mark of Virginia University) questionnaire was used to collect the data. The EPInet system started 2003 in Taiwan under C-MESH. When healthcare workers sustain sharp injury, they complete the injury report form, and report to infection control personnel, who then transmitted the data to EPINet website monthly. RESULTS 93.5% of the healthcare workers reported being right handed and only 6.5% reported being left handed. About two-thirds (65%) of the reported injuries were by self, 30% injuries were by others and 5% were reported as injured by unknown.There was an association between the dominant hand injury and the needle stick original HCW user, p<0.0001. There is a significant difference between the dominant hand and the needlestick original HCW user. HCW whose dominant hand was the right hand were most likely at risk to be injured by "others" than "self" or "unknown HCW"; OR≤ 18.39; CI (0.42 ± 2.33). CONCLUSION Needlestick injuries among health care workers in Taiwan continue to pose a serious occupational problem. Historically, prevention has focused on the use of protective wear than assessment of which hand may be at greater risk than the other. There is a greater need to prevent hand injuries as the dominant hand remains the most used and injured in process of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mbirimtengerenji
- University of Malawi, Kamuzu College of Nursing, Private Bag 1 Lilongwe. Malawi
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Zhang QN, Wang DY, Wang XH, Hui TJ, Yang KH, Li Z, Li HY, Guo LY. Non-conventional radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Thorac Cancer 2012; 3:269-279. [PMID: 28920302 DOI: 10.1111/j.1759-7714.2011.00094.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-conventional radiotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy for inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and to conduct a meta-analysis to compare these two methods of radiotherapy for inoperable NSCLC. METHODS We included randomized controlled trials, which were compared with non-conventional radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy versus conventional radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy. RESULTS Meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials with a total of 2206 patients showed that the non-conventional radiotherapy group could significantly improve the objective response rate (OR 1.68, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.19-2.37) and overall survival of up to 1-year (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.09-1.54), 2-year (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.17-1.70), 3-year (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.94), 4-year (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.20-2.15), 5-year (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.11-2.38); and local control rate in 1-year (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09-1.68), 2-year (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.23-1.99), 3-year (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.91) compared with the conventional radiotherapy group. With regard to the side effects, non-conventional radiotherapy was more likely to result in level III and IV radioactive esophagitis (OR 1.64, 95% CI 1.09-2.46), but there was no significant difference in the incidence of radioactive pneumonitis (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.67-1.39). In the subgroup analysis we found late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCHRT) could obviously improve 1-year OS (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.29-4.06), 2-year OS (OR 4.22, 95% CI 2.03-8.77), 3-year OS (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.24-5.02) and Objective response rate (OR 2.38, 95% CI 1.17-4.83). However, hyperfractionated radiotherapy (HRT) and accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (AHRT) could not improve 1-, 2-, 3-year OS or OR compared with conventional fractionation radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that NCRT could improve OR, reduce the risk of death by 1-5 years, and significantly increase level III and IV radioactive esophagitis incidence. The late course accelerated hyperfractionated radiotherapy (LCAHRT) group seemed to improve compared with the AHRT and conventional radiotherapy (CRT) groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Ning Zhang
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Dao-Ying Wang
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Xiao-Hu Wang
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Tian-Jin Hui
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Ke-Hu Yang
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Hai-Yang Li
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Radiation Oncology Centre of Gansu Tumor Hospital, Lanzhou City, ChinaEvidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaFirst Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, ChinaThe People's Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou City, China
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Abstract
Glaucoma is a typical irreversible blind neurodegenerative disease for which there is no effective treatment for halting visual deterioration. The recent development of neural stem cells studies sheds light on a potential resolution for this disease. As a result, an appropriate glaucoma modeling method for stem cell transplantation study is needed. In the present study, Dexamethasone was injected unilaterally into the conjunctiva of New Zealand rabbit at the dose of 2.5 mg (5 mg/mL), three times a week. After eight weeks, the eye ground photography showed that the optic nerve head of the treated eye was expanded, and the blood vessel was geniculate compared to the control eye, while the ocular media remained transparent. The hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) sections showed optic neuron death in the treated eye. The Heidelberg Retina Tomography (HRT) results showed optic disk morphological changes consistent with the pathophysiology of glaucoma in the treated eye, including a decrease in the rim area (1.10±0.88) mm(2) and mean RNFL thickness (0.44±0.31) mm, and an increase in the cup/disk ratio 0.17±0.13. Then neural stem cells were injected into the vitreous body of the treated eye. After five months, surviving transplanted cells were observed. These results suggest a simple and reproducible chronic glaucoma model, which is appropriate for neural stem cell transplant research, has been successfully developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Yunnan, China
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Tang W, Ding Z, Zhou ZQ, Wang YZ, Guo LY. Phylogenetic and Pathogenic Analyses Show That the Causal Agent of Apple Ring Rot in China Is Botryosphaeria dothidea. Plant Dis 2012; 96:486-496. [PMID: 30727432 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-11-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Apple ring rot and Botryosphaeria canker are severe diseases affecting apple production in China, but there is confusion regarding which pathogens cause these diseases and their similarity to other diseases, such as white rot of apple, and ring rot and Botryosphaeria canker of pear. In this study, the pathogen of apple ring rot in China was compared with the pathogen of apple ring rot in Japan and Korea, the pathogen of Botryosphaeria canker of apple and pear in China, the pathogen of pear ring rot in China, and the pathogen of white rot of apple in the United States. Comparisons were based on morphology, pathogenicity on branches and fruit, and sequences of rDNA in the internal transcribed spacer region and of the β-tubulin and actin genes. Results showed that the causal agent of apple ring rot and Botryosphaeria canker of apple in China was Botryosphaeria dothidea, which has also been reported to be the pathogen of apple ring rot in Korea and Japan. Pathogenicity tests showed that B. dothidea infection on apple and pear branches may induce wart or canker symptoms depending on the conditions. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the same pathogen causes the wart symptom of apple ring rot and the Botryosphaeria canker symptom on apple branches in China. The results also suggest that apple ring rot and white rot are the same disease and are caused by B. dothidea. Finally, B. dothidea isolates from pear and other fruit or forest trees may serve as inoculum for apple ring rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Tang
- Graduate Research Assistants, Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Z Ding
- Graduate Research Assistants, Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Z Q Zhou
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450009 P. R. China
| | - Y Z Wang
- Yan Tai Agricultural Science and Technology Institute, Yan Tai, 265500, Shandong, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
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Bian H, Fan YD, Guo LY, Yu HL. [A technique of rhesus monkey neural progenitor cells intravitreal transplant to rats]. Dongwuxue Yanjiu 2012; 33:85-8. [PMID: 22345014 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1141.2012.01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate a simple and effective intraocular xenotransplant technique of rhesus monkey neural progenitor cells to rats, mechanical injury was induced in the rat's right retina. And the GFP-labeled rhesus monkey neural progenitor cells suspension was slowly injected into the vitreous space of the right injured and left control eye. Confocal image suggested that the xenografted cells survived in both the injured and control eye, meanwhile the cells integrated in the injured right retina. The results demonstrated that intravitreal xenotransplant could be adopted as a simple and reliable method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Bian
- Department of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming,China
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41
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Abstract
In total, 455 Monilinia isolates from stone fruits collected from several provinces (cities) in China from 2003 to 2009 were identified to species based on morphological characteristics, molecular identification, and the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions 1 and 2 and the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal RNA. Overall, four species were detected (Monilinia fructicola, M. fructigena, M. laxa, and Monilia polystroma). M. fructicola was the most prevalent (93.0%) followed by M. fructigena (4.8%), M. laxa (2.0%), and Monilia polystroma (0.2%). M. fructicola and M. fructigena were found on peach, plum, and apricot; M. laxa was found only on apricot, cherry (in an organic orchard), and wild peach; and Monilia polystroma was found only on plum in Heilongjiang. The pathogenicity of Monilinia fructicola, M. laxa, and M. fructigena did not significantly differ on wounded nectarine and apricot, indicating that the differences in frequency of occurrence were not linked to virulence. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences showed that the isolates of M. laxa and M. fructigena from China differed from isolates of these species from other countries, and that the difference led to the separation of the isolates from China and those from other countries into different phylogenetic groups. Further study is needed to determine whether they are cryptic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029
| | - Li-Yun Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University
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Abstract
In August 2008, mummies of dwarf sweet plum (Prunus aitianli) fruit covered with grayish, conidial tufts were found in an orchard in Mudanjiang City of Heilongjiang in China. Conidial masses were touched with a sterilized wire loop and streaked onto the surface of water agar (WA) plates. After incubating at 22 ± 2°C for 16 to 24 h, individual germinated spores were picked out with a sterilized scalpel blade under a microscope in a laminar flow cabinet, and transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) in petri dishes. Mycelium grew an average of 10.7 mm per day on PDA and formed a white-to-grayish colony with irregular, black stroma 12 days after incubation at 22 ± 2°C under 12-h light/12-h dark. The average size of stroma was 8.19 cm2 per petri dish 37 days after incubation in the dark. The conidia were one-celled, hyaline, lemon-shaped, 15.2 (10.8 to 18.9) × 10.9 (8.3 to 16.3) μm, and arranged in branched monilioid chains on inoculated apples. The PCR products of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 1 and 2 and 5.8S gene of the ribosomal RNA amplified with primers ITS1 and ITS4 was directly sequenced in both directions using the PCR primers. The sequence of the Monilia polystroma isolate (GenBank Accession No. GU067539) was identical to the reference isolate of M. polystroma (CBS102686), containing five nucleotides that distinguish it from Monilinia fructigena (1,3). The pathogen was identified as M. polystroma on the basis of morphological characteristics (3) and the sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region 1 and 2 and 5.8S gene of the ribosomal RNA. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating surface-sterilized, mature plum and apple fruit wounded with a nail, with a mycelial plug (5 mm in diameter) of the fungus at each wound. Fruit treated with plain PDA plugs were used as a control. Inoculated fruits were placed in a sterilized moist chamber at room temperature (23 to 28°C). Fifteen plums and nine apples were used in each of two replicated tests. All inoculated fruit developed typical brown rot symptoms 4 days after inoculation, while the control fruit remained healthy. M. polystroma was reisolated from the inoculated fruit and identified by the above methods. M. polystroma was first reported on apple in Japan (3) and it was recently discovered in an apple orchard in Hungary (2). Although the occurrence of Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia laxa, and Monilinia fructigena (teleomorphs of the three Monilia spp.) in China have been documented, to our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of M. polystroma in China. References: (1) C. E. Fulton et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 105:495, 1999. (2) M. Petróczy and L. Palkovics. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 125:343, 2009. (3) G. C. M. van Leeuwen et al. Mycol. Res. 106:444, 2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Q Zhu
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - L Y Guo
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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43
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Fan JY, Guo LY, Xu JP, Luo Y, Michailides TJ. Genetic diversity of populations of Monilinia fructicola (Fungi, Ascomycota, Helotiales) from China. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2010; 57:206-12. [PMID: 20113378 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2009.00467.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The genetic variation among 128 isolates of Monilinia fructicola (Fungi, Ascomycota, Helotiales) from China was analyzed using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers and compared with those of samples from California, USA and New Zealand. A total of 72 reproducible DNA fragments were scored, of which 87.5% (63/72) were polymorphic. The Nei's gene diversity and Shannon's diversity indices of three Chinese regional populations were very similar to that from California. However, several differences were observed among geographic populations of M. fructicola from both within China and between China and California. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) of isolates from different geographic locations suggested that most of the observed genetic variation was found within populations. Results of this study are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the Chinese populations of M. fructicola were derived from a single or few recent migrants from other countries. Instead, our results suggest that M. fructicola has been in China long before its first official recording in 2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yan Fan
- Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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44
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Abstract
PURPOSE To illustrate the potential benefits of kinetic and kinematic models in the exploration of biomechanical studies as illustrated using a simple 2-D static optimization model of wheelchair propulsion. METHOD A four-bar linkage analysis was used to determine sagittal plane motion through the range of wheelchair propulsion. Using anthropometric measures of wheelchair users, this analysis determined the angles of shoulder and elbow flexion/extension at a given point in the propulsion cycle. Maximal strength inputs for the model were collected from isokinetic measurements of shoulder and elbow moments. The torque inputs were given as functions of sagittal plane joint angles. Through selection of appropriate model performance criteria, optimization techniques determined shoulder and elbow torque contributions throughout the propulsion cycle. Variations in the model parameters of anterior-posterior (AP) seat position and handrim size went used to show potential of model to evaluate wheelchair configuration using the performance criteria of propulsive moment (Mo) and efficiency as defined by fractional effective force (FEF). RESULTS The model was able to predict the magnitude and direction of force applied to the handrim from shoulder and elbow moments. These joint moments may be examined along with the generated wheelchair axle propulsion moment. While the model showed no significant changes in either Mo or FEF for AP seat changes, an increase in handrim size was shown to increase FEF. CONCLUSIONS This model was able to simulate wheelchair propulsion and allow for performance analyses. The open nature of the model allowed for tweaking of the kinematic inputs to examine the sensitivity of such factors as seat position and handrim size in wheelchair propulsion. Strength inputs to the model may also be altered to study the potential effects of strength training or muscle weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Morrow
- Orthopedic Biomechanics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic/Mayo Foundation, Rochester, USA
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Liu XW, Gong LJ, Guo LY, Katagiri Y, Jiang H, Wang ZY, Johnson AC, Guroff G. The Wilms' tumor gene product WT1 mediates the down-regulation of the rat epidermal growth factor receptor by nerve growth factor in PC12 cells. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:5068-73. [PMID: 11071895 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m008776200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we characterized the rat epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) promoter and demonstrated that TCC repeat sequences are required for the down-regulation of EGFR by nerve growth factor (NGF) in PC12 cells. In this study, we report that the Wilms' tumor gene product WT1, a zinc finger transcription factor, is able to enhance the activity of the rat EGFR promoter in cotransfection assays. Gel mobility shift assays demonstrate that WT1 binds to the TCC repeat sequences of the rat EGFR promoter. Overexpression of WT1 resulted in up-regulation of the expression levels of endogenous EGFR in PC12 cells. Interestingly, NGF down-regulated the expression levels of WT1 and EGFR in PC12 cells, but not in the p140(trk)-deficient variant PC12nnr5 cells or in cells expressing either dominant-negative Ras or dominant-negative Src. Most importantly, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of antisense WT1 RNA on EGFR expression, and we found that antisense WT1 RNA could substantially reduce EGFR repression in either histochemical staining study or immunoblot analysis. These results indicate that NGF-induced down-regulation of the EGFR in PC12 cells is mediated through WT1 and that WT1 may play an important role in the differentiation of nerve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Liu
- Section on Growth Factors and Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Xu XR, Guo LY, Liu HF, Gong WX, Zhang Y, Ye T. [Characteristics and effect of allergic rhinitis in aircrew on flight]. Space Med Med Eng (Beijing) 2000; 13:207-9. [PMID: 11543482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the characteristics of allergic rhinitis in aircrew and its effect on flight. METHOD Case studies of allergic rhinitis were made in 32 aircrew. RESULT There were 20 cases of perennial allergic rhinitis and 12 cases of seasonal allergic rhinitis in 32 aircrew. Twenty-six cases are still in a qualified position to continue their flying job and the other six cases were permanently grounded. CONCLUSION Allergic rhinitis in aircrew may affect the flying in aviation or space flight and the flying in aviation or space may induce or aggravate allergic rhinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Xu
- General Hospital of Air Force, Beijing, China
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47
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Abstract
We studied the kinetic characteristics of the knee in patients with spastic diplegia. Twenty three children with spastic diplegia were recruited and had their 46 limbs categorised into the following four groups: jump (n=7), crouch (n=8), recurvatum (n=14) and mild (n=17). In the crouch pattern, the patients usually had a larger and longer lasting internal knee extensor moments in stance suggesting that rectus femoris had a relatively high activation. In the recurvatum pattern, the internal knee flexor moment was large and long lasting in stance. The biceps femoris showed less activity on EMG although the knee flexor moment was large and we concluded that the soft tissue behind the knee joint provided this flexor moment. In the jump knee pattern there was abnormal power generation at the knee and ankle joints in initial stance, which did not contribute to normal progression but aided upward body motion. In the mild group the kinetic data was similar to that seen in normal children. Knowledge of kinetic patterns in these patients may help in their subsequent management.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Liu XW, Katagiri Y, Jiang H, Gong LJ, Guo LY, Shibutani M, Johnson AC, Guroff G. Cloning and characterization of the promoter region of the rat epidermal growth factor receptor gene and its transcriptional regulation by nerve growth factor in PC12 cells. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:7280-8. [PMID: 10702298 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.275.10.7280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that treatment of PC12 cells with nerve growth factor (NGF) causes a profound down-regulation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA and protein. Further, the NGF-induced down-regulation of the EGFR is under transcriptional control. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of this down-regulation we have cloned a 2.7-kilobase sequence from the promoter region of the rat EGFR from a rat P1 library. Six transcriptional start sites were identified by 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends and primer extension. Sequence analysis showed a 62% overall homology with the human EGFR promoter region. To investigate its transcription, 1.1 kilobases of the 5'-flanking sequence were fused to a luciferase reporter gene. This sequence exhibited functional promoter activity in transient transfection experiments with PC12, C6, and CV-1 cells. Treatment of PC12 cells with NGF inhibited promoter activity. By transfection of promoter deletion constructs, a silencer element was found between nucleotides -260 and -181, and TCC repeat sequences appeared to be at least partially responsible for the down-regulation of the EGFR by NGF. Supportive evidence for the relevance of this sequence was obtained from gel mobility shift assays and by transfection of TCC mutation constructs. Our results demonstrate that TCC repeat sequences are required for the down-regulation of rat EGFR by NGF in PC12 cells and may lead to the identification of the NGF-responsive transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X W Liu
- Section on Growth Factors, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
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Xu XR, Liu HF, Guo LY. [Sensorineural deafness and aerospace flight]. Space Med Med Eng (Beijing) 2000; 13:58-60. [PMID: 12214614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To probe the relations between sensorineural deafness and flying in aviation or space. METHOD Case studies of sensorineural deafness were made in 36 pilots. RESULT Unilateral deafness (n=15) and bilateral deafness (n=21) were found in 36 pilots, with mild deafness (n=9), moderate deafness (n=37) and severe deafness (n=11) in 57 ears. 19 cases were permanently grounded and 17 cases were still in a qualified position to continue their flying job. CONCLUSION Sensorineural deafness may hazard the flying in aviation or space, meanwhile the flying in aviation or space may lead to or aggravate sensorineural deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Xu
- General Hospital of Air Force, Beijing, China
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50
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Xu XR, Liu HF, Guo LY. [The characteristics of Meniere's disease in aircrew]. Space Med Med Eng (Beijing) 1999; 12:368-70. [PMID: 12022184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the characteristics of Meniere's disease in aircrew and its possible influence on space flight. METHOD Case studies of Meniere's disease were carried out in 22 pilots. RESULT There were vertigo (n=22), tinnitus (n=21), abnormal hearing (n=19) and abnormal vestibular function (n=11) in 22 pilots. CONCLUSION Meniere's disease may hazard the flying in aviation or space and flying may further damage the inner ears of patients with Meniere's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- X R Xu
- General Hospital of the Air Force, Beijing, China
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