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Zaleska J, Kwasnik P, Paziewska M, Purkot J, Szabelak A, Jurek M, Masny N, Dziatkiewicz I, Pronobis‐Szczylik B, Piebiak A, Szymczyk A, Jarosz‐Chudzik K, Bolkun L, Kozlowska K, Piszcz J, Subocz E, Halka J, Bator M, Kalicinska E, Wrobel T, Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz L, Rybka J, Deren‐Wagemann I, Szyca‐Smieszniak M, Dybko J, Hus I, Pula B, Cichocka E, Rymko M, Zdunczyk D, Ziarkiewicz M, Basak GW, Bullinger L, Giannopoulos K. Response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in multiple myeloma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Int J Cancer 2022; 152:705-712. [PMID: 35830214 PMCID: PMC9349960 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients have increased morbidity and mortality rates of COVID-19 due to immunosuppression associated with the disease and ongoing therapy. The same immune impairment accompanying CLL and MM also affects suboptimal vaccine response. The study assessed the effectiveness of the humoral and T cell-mediated immunity following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination (using either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) in short-term (2-5 weeks after second dose) and long-term follow-up (12 weeks after vaccination). Between March and August 2021, blood samples were obtained from 62 CLL and 60 MM patients from eight different hematology departments in Poland. Total anti-RBD antibodies were detected in 37% MM patients before vaccination, increased to 91% and 94% in short- and long-term follow-up, respectively. In CLL, serological responses were detectable in 21% of patients before vaccination and increased to 45% in the short-term and 71% in long-term observation. We detected a tendency to higher frequencies of specific CD8+ T cells against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination compared to samples before vaccination in MM patients and no changes in frequencies of specific T cells in CLL patients. Our study provides novel insights into mRNA vaccination efficacy in immunocompromised MM and CLL patients, and our findings highlight that specific CD8+ T cells against SARS-CoV-2 might be induced by vaccination but do not correlate positively with serological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Zaleska
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland,Department of HematologySt John's Cancer CentreLublinPoland
| | - Paulina Kwasnik
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | - Magdalena Paziewska
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | - Joanna Purkot
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland,Department of HematologySt John's Cancer CentreLublinPoland
| | - Aleksandra Szabelak
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | - Mateusz Jurek
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | - Natalia Masny
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | - Izabela Dziatkiewicz
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | | | | | - Agnieszka Szymczyk
- Department of HematologySt John's Cancer CentreLublinPoland,Department of Clinical TransplantologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland
| | - Katarzyna Jarosz‐Chudzik
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland,Department of HematologySt John's Cancer CentreLublinPoland
| | - Lukasz Bolkun
- Department of HematologyMedical University of BialystokBiałystokPoland
| | | | - Jaroslaw Piszcz
- Department of HematologyMedical University of BialystokBiałystokPoland
| | - Edyta Subocz
- Department of HematologyWarmian‐Masurian Cancer Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration's HospitalOlsztynPoland
| | - Janusz Halka
- Department of HematologyWarmian‐Masurian Cancer Center of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration's HospitalOlsztynPoland
| | - Michal Bator
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow TransplantationWroclaw Medical UniversityWrocławPoland
| | - Elzbieta Kalicinska
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow TransplantationWroclaw Medical UniversityWrocławPoland
| | - Tomasz Wrobel
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow TransplantationWroclaw Medical UniversityWrocławPoland
| | - Lidia Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow TransplantationWroclaw Medical UniversityWrocławPoland
| | - Justyna Rybka
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow TransplantationWroclaw Medical UniversityWrocławPoland
| | - Izabela Deren‐Wagemann
- Department of Hematology and TransplantationLower Silesian Center of OncologyWrocławPoland
| | - Marta Szyca‐Smieszniak
- Department of Hematology and TransplantationLower Silesian Center of OncologyWrocławPoland
| | - Jaroslaw Dybko
- Department of Hematology and TransplantationLower Silesian Center of OncologyWrocławPoland
| | - Iwona Hus
- Department of Clinical TransplantologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland,Department of HematologyInstitute of Hematology and Transfusion MedicineWarsawPoland
| | - Bartosz Pula
- Department of HematologyInstitute of Hematology and Transfusion MedicineWarsawPoland
| | - Edyta Cichocka
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationNicolaus Copernicus HospitalTorunPoland
| | - Marcin Rymko
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationNicolaus Copernicus HospitalTorunPoland
| | - Dorota Zdunczyk
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal MedicineMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Mateusz Ziarkiewicz
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal MedicineMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Grzegorz Wladyslaw Basak
- Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal MedicineMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor ImmunologyCharité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu BerlinBerlinGermany,German Cancer Consortium (Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung; DKTK)BerlinGermany
| | - Krzysztof Giannopoulos
- Department of Experimental HematooncologyMedical University of LublinLublinPoland,Department of HematologySt John's Cancer CentreLublinPoland
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2
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Gozzetti A, Guarnieri A, Zamagni E, Zakharova E, Coriu D, Bittrich M, Pika T, Tovar N, Schutz N, Ciofini S, Peña C, Rocchi S, Rassner M, Avivi I, Waszczuk‐Gajda A, Chhabra S, Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz L, González‐Calle V, Mateos M, Bocchia M, Bigi F, Füllgraf H, Bhasin‐Chhabra B, Gentile M, Davila J, Vesole DH, Cavo M, Thapa B, Crusoe E, Einsele H, Legiec W, Charliński G, Jurczyszyn A. Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS): Real-world data on outcomes and prognostic factors. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:877-884. [PMID: 35389534 PMCID: PMC9324084 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is a recognized clinical entity. Literature regarding treatment and its outcomes in MGRS is sparse due to the rarity and misdiagnosis of MGRS. We retrospectively analyzed 280 adults with an MGRS diagnosis from 2003 to 2020 across 19 clinical centers from 12 countries. All cases required renal biopsy for the pathological diagnosis of MGRS. Amyloidosis‐related to MGRS (MGRS‐A) was present in 180 patients; nonamyloidosis MGRS (MGRS‐NA), including a broad spectrum of renal pathologies, was diagnosed in 100 patients. The median overall survival in the studied cohort was 121.0 months (95% CI: 105.0–121.0). Patients with MGRS‐A had a shorter overall survival than patients with MGRS‐NA (HR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.25–0.69; p = 0.0007). Both hematologic and renal responses were associated with longer survival. Achievement of ≥VGPR was generally predictive of a renal response (OR = 8.03 95%CI: 4.04–115.96; p < 0.0001), one‐fourth of patients with ≥VGPR were renal nonresponders. In MGRS‐A, factors associated with poor prognosis included elevated levels of creatinine, beta‐2‐microglobulin, and hemodialysis at diagnosis. In MGRS‐NA, only age >65 years was associated with increased risk of death. Treatments provided similar hematologic response rates in both types of MGRS. Autologous stem cell transplantation led to better response than other treatments. This multicenter and international effort is currently the largest report on MGRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gozzetti
- Hematology, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Siena Italy
| | | | - Elena Zamagni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli” Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Elena Zakharova
- Department of Nephrology Moscow City Hospital named after S.P. Botkin Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Daniel Coriu
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest Romania
| | - Max Bittrich
- Department of Internal Medicine II University Hospital Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Tomáš Pika
- Department of Hemato‐Oncology University Hospital Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Tovar
- Amyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Natalia Schutz
- Department of Hematology Hospital del Salvador Santiago Chile
| | - Sara Ciofini
- Hematology, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Camila Peña
- Department of Hematology Hospital del Salvador Santiago Chile
| | - Serena Rocchi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli” Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Michael Rassner
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine I, Medical Center University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany
| | - Irit Avivi
- Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel and Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Anna Waszczuk‐Gajda
- Departament od Hematology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Lidia Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
| | - Verónica González‐Calle
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) University Hospital of Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Maria‐Victoria Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL) University Hospital of Salamanca Salamanca Spain
| | - Monica Bocchia
- Hematology, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and Neuroscience University of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Flavia Bigi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli” Bologna Italy
| | - Hannah Füllgraf
- Department of Hematology Hospital del Salvador Santiago Chile
| | - Bhavna Bhasin‐Chhabra
- Department of Medicine Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, Department of Onco‐Hematology Cosenza Italy
| | - Julio Davila
- Department of Hematology Complejo Asistencial de Avila Avila Spain
| | - David H. Vesole
- The John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine Hackensack New Jersey USA
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero‐Universitaria di Bologna Istituto di Ematologia “Seràgnoli” Bologna Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica Diagnostica e Sperimentale Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Bicky Thapa
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wisconsin USA
| | - Edvan Crusoe
- Federal University of Bahia University Hospital, Rede D'or Oncology Sao Paolo Brazil
| | - Hermann Einsele
- Department of Hematology, Fundeni Clinical Institute University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila" Bucharest Romania
| | - Wojciech Legiec
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation St. John of Dukla Oncology Center of Lublin Land Lublin Poland
| | - Grzegorz Charliński
- Department of Hematology, Medical Faculty University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn Olsztyn Poland
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Plasma Cell Dyscrasias Center, Department of Hematology Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine Cracow Poland
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3
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Goldman‐Mazur S, Jurczyszyn A, Castillo JJ, Waszczuk‐Gajda A, Grząśko N, Radocha J, Bittrich M, Kortüm KM, Gozzetti A, Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz L, Davila Valls J, Jayabalan DS, Niesvizky R, Kelman J, Coriu D, Rosiñol L, Szukalski Ł, González‐Calle V, Mateos MV, Jamroziak K, Hus I, Avivi I, Cohen Y, Suska A, Chappell A, Madduri D, Chhabra S, Kleman A, Hari P, Delforge M, Robak P, Gentile M, Kozłowska I, Goldberg SL, Czepiel J, Silbermann R, Olszewski AJ, Barth P, Mikala G, Chim CS, Długosz‐Danecka M, Grosicki S, Vesole DH. A multicenter retrospective study of 223 patients with t(14;16) in multiple myeloma. Am J Hematol 2020; 95:503-509. [PMID: 32072687 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The t(14;16) translocation, found in 3%-5% of newly diagnosed (ND) multiple myeloma (MM), has been associated with adverse outcomes. However, the studies establishing the characteristics of t(14;16) included solely small cohorts. The goal of the current international, multicenter (n = 25 centers), retrospective study was to describe the characteristics and outcomes of t(14;16) patients in a large, real-world cohort (n = 223). A substantial fraction of patients had renal impairment (24%) and hemoglobin <10 g/dL (56%) on initial presentation. Combined therapy of both immunomodulatory drug and proteasome inhibitor (PI) in the first line was used in 35% of patients. Autologous stem cell transplantation was performed in 42% of patients. With a median follow up of 4.1 years (95% CI 3.7-18.7), the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from first line therapy were 2.1 years (95% CI 1.5-2.4) and 4.1 years (95% CI 3.3-5.5), respectively. Worse OS was predicted by age > 60 years (HR = 1.65, 95% CI [1.05-2.58]), as well as revised International Scoring System (R-ISS) 3 (vs R-ISS 2; HR = 2.59, 95% CI [1.59-4.24]). In conclusion, based on the largest reported cohort of t(14;16) patients, quarter of this subset of MM patients initially presents with renal failure, while older age and the R-ISS 3 predict poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Goldman‐Mazur
- Department of HematologyJagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of HematologyJagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Jorge J. Castillo
- Division of Hematological MalignanciesDana‐Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts
| | - Anna Waszczuk‐Gajda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal DiseasesWarsaw Medical University Warsaw Poland
| | - Norbert Grząśko
- Department of Experimental HematologyMedical University of Lublin Lublin Poland
- Department of HematologySt. Johnʼs Cancer Center Lublin Poland
| | - Jakub Radocha
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine– HematologyUniversity Hospital and Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Charles University Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Max Bittrich
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Hospital Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - K. Martin Kortüm
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Hospital Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Alessandro Gozzetti
- Hematology, Department of Medical Science, Surgery and NeuroscienceUniversity of Siena Siena Italy
| | - Lidia Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz
- Department of HematologyBlood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wroclaw Medical University Wroclaw Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Coriu
- Department of HematologyFundeni Clinical Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest Romania
| | - Laura Rosiñol
- Department of HematologyAmyloidosis and Myeloma Unit, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Łukasz Szukalski
- Department of HematologyCollegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń Bydgoszcz Poland
| | - Veronica González‐Calle
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca/ Instituto Biosanitario de Salamanca (IBSAL) Salamanca Spain
| | - Maria V. Mateos
- Hospital Universitario de Salamanca/ Instituto Biosanitario de Salamanca (IBSAL) Salamanca Spain
| | | | - Iwona Hus
- Department of Experimental HematologyMedical University of Lublin Lublin Poland
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine Warsaw Poland
| | - Irit Avivi
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
- The Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Yael Cohen
- Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel Aviv Israel
- The Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Anna Suska
- Department of HematologyJagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Aimee Chappell
- Department of Hematology/OncologyMedstar Georgetown University Hospital Washington DC
| | - Deepu Madduri
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | - Ariel Kleman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | - Parameswaran Hari
- Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Medicine Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee Wisconsin
| | | | | | | | | | - Stuart L. Goldberg
- John Theurer Cancer CenterHackensack University Medical Center Hackensack New Jersey
- Cota Inc. New York New York
| | - Jacek Czepiel
- Department of Infectious and Tropical DiseasesJagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Rebecca Silbermann
- Division of Hematology and Medical OncologyKnight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University Portland Oregon
| | - Adam J. Olszewski
- Department of MedicineWarren Alpert Medical School, Brown University Providence Rhode Island
| | - Peter Barth
- Department of MedicineWarren Alpert Medical School, Brown University Providence Rhode Island
| | - Gabor Mikala
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell TransplantationSouth‐Pest Central Hospital, National Institute of Hematology and Infectology Budapest Hungary
| | - Chor S. Chim
- Department of MedicineQueen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Monika Długosz‐Danecka
- Department of Clinical OncologyMaria Sklodowska‐Curie National Institute of Oncology Cracow Poland
| | - Sebastian Grosicki
- Department of Cancer PreventionMedical University of Silesia Katowice Poland
| | - David H. Vesole
- John Theurer Cancer CenterHackensack University Medical Center Hackensack New Jersey
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4
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Avivi I, Cohen YC, Suska A, Shragai T, Mikala G, Garderet L, Seny GM, Glickman S, Jayabalan DS, Niesvizky R, Gozzetti A, Wiśniewska‐Piąty K, Waszczuk‐Gajda A, Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz L, Hus I, Guzicka R, Radocha J, Milunovic V, Davila J, Gentile M, Castillo JJ, Jurczyszyn A. Hematogenous extramedullary relapse in multiple myeloma - a multicenter retrospective study in 127 patients. Am J Hematol 2019; 94:1132-1140. [PMID: 31334859 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The current study assesses the characteristics and outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) patients, treated with novel agents for hematogenous extramedullary (HEMM) relapse. Consecutive patients diagnosed with HEMM between 2010-2018 were included. Patients' characteristics at diagnosis and at HEMM presentation, response to treatment, survival and factors predicting survival were recorded and analyzed. A group of 127 patients, all diagnosed with HEMM by imaging (87.3%) and/or biopsy (79%), were included. Of those, 44% were initially diagnosed with ISS3, 57% presented with plasmacytomas, and 30% had high-risk cytogenetics. Median time to HEMM was 32 months. In multivariate analysis, ISS3 and bone plasmacytoma predicted shorter time to HEMM (P = .005 and P = .008, respectively). Upfront autograft was associated with longer time to HEMM (P = .002). At HEMM, 32% of patients had no BM plasmacytosis, 20% had non-secretory disease and 43% had light-chain disease. Multiple HEMM sites were reported in 52% of patients, mostly involving soft tissue, skin (29%), and pleura/lung (25%). First treatment for HEMM included proteasome inhibitors (50%), immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) (39%), monoclonal antibodies (10%), and chemotherapy (53%). Overall response rate (ORR) was 57%. IMiDs were associated with higher ORR (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.02-4.7, P = .04). Median survival from HEMM was 6 months (CI 95% 4.8-7.2). Failure to achieve ≥VGPR was the only significant factor for worse OS in multivariate analyses (HR = 9.87, CI 95% 2.35 - 39, P = .001). In conclusion, HEMM occurs within 3 years of initial myeloma diagnosis and is associated with dismal outcome. The IMiDs might provide a higher response rate, and achievement of ≥VGPR predicts longer survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Avivi
- Tel Aviv Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Yael C. Cohen
- Tel Aviv Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv Israel
| | - Anna Suska
- Department of HematologyJagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
| | - Tamir Shragai
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell TransplantationSouth‐Pest Central Hospital, Natl. Inst. Hematol. Infectol Budapest Hungary
| | - Gabor Mikala
- Department of Hematology and Stem Cell TransplantationSouth‐Pest Central Hospital, Natl. Inst. Hematol. Infectol Budapest Hungary
| | - Laurent Garderet
- Service d'Hématologie et thérapie cellulaireHôpital Saint Antoine Paris France
- Service d'HématologieHôpital Pitié Salpêtrière Paris France
| | - Gueye M. Seny
- Service d'Hématologie et thérapie cellulaireHôpital Saint Antoine Paris France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Waszczuk‐Gajda
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Internal DiseasesWarsaw Medical University Warsaw Poland
| | - Lidia Usnarska‐Zubkiewicz
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow TransplantationWroclaw Medical University Poland
| | - Iwona Hus
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow TransplantationMedical University of Lublin Lublin Poland
| | - Renata Guzicka
- Department of HaematologyPomeranian Medical University Szczecin Poland
| | - Jakub Radocha
- 4th Department of Medicine – HaematologyCharles University Hospital Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
| | - Vibor Milunovic
- Division of HematologyClinical Hospital Merkur Zagreb Croatia
| | | | - Massimo Gentile
- Hematology Unit, Department of Onco‐HematologyAzienda Ospendaliera of Cosenza Cosenza Italy
| | - Jorge J. Castillo
- Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts
| | - Artur Jurczyszyn
- Department of HematologyJagiellonian University Medical College Cracow Poland
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