1
|
Chen W, Jiang T, Deng Y, Zhang Y, Ai L, Ji P, Wang D. [Sequence analysis of Paragonimus internal transcribed spacer 2 and cyclooxygenase 1 genes in freshwater crabs in Henan Province]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2023; 35:501-507. [PMID: 38148540 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the sequences of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1) genes of Paragonimus metacercariae in freshwater crabs in Henan Province, identify the species of Paragonimus and evaluate its genetic relationships with Paragonimus isolates from other provinces in China. METHODS Freshwater crabs were collected from 8 survey sites in Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Nanyang and Jiyuan cities of Henan Province from 2016 to 2021, and Paragonimus metacercariae were detected in freshwater crabs. Genomic DNA was extracted from Paragonimus metacercariae, and the ITS2 and COX1 genes were amplified using PCR assay, followed by sequencing of PCR amplification products. The gene sequences were spliced and aligned using the software DNASTAR, and aligned with the sequences of Paragonimus genes in the GenBank. Phylogenetic trees were created using the MEGA6 software with the Neighbor-Joining method based on ITS2 and COX1 gene sequences, with Fasciola hepatica as the outgroup. RESULTS The detection rates of Paragonimus metacercariae were 6.83% (11/161), 50.82% (31/61), 18.52% (5/26), 8.76% (12/137), 14.29% (9/63), 17.76% (19/105), 18.50% (32/173) and 42.71% (41/96) in freshwater crabs from 8 survey sites in Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Nanyang and Jiyuan cities of Henan Province, with a mean detection rate of 19.46% (160/822), and a mean infection intensity of 0.57 metacercariae/g. The amplified ITS2 and COX1 gene fragments of Paragonimus were approximately 500 bp and 450 bp in lengths, respectively. The ITS2 gene sequences of Paragonimus metacercariae from 8 survey sites of Henan Province showed the highest homology (99.8% to 100.0%) with the gene sequence of P. skrjabini (GenBank accession number: MW960209.1), and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Paragonimus in this study was clustered into the same clade with P. skrjabini from Sichuan Province (GenBank accession number: AY618747.1), Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (GenBank accession number: AY618729.1) and Hubei Province (GenBank accession number: AY618751.1), and P. miyazaki from Fujian Province (GenBank accession number: AY618741.1) and Japan (GenBank accession number: AB713405.1). The COX1 gene sequences of Paragonimus metacercariae from 8 survey sites of Henan Province showed the highest homology (90.0% to 100.0%) with the gene sequence of P. skrjabini (GenBank accession number: AY618798.1), and phylogenetic analysis showed that the Paragonimus in this study was clustered into the same clade with all P. skrjabini and clustered into the same sub-clade with P. skrjabini from Hubei Province (GenBank accession numbers: AY618782.1 and AY618764.1). CONCLUSIONS Paragonimus species from freshwater crabs in Henan Province were all characterized as P. skrjabini, and the ITS2 and COX1 gene sequences had the highest homology to those of P. skrjabini from Hubei Province. The results provide insights into study of Paragonimus in Henan Province and China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Chen
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Pathogeny and Vector of Parasitosis, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - T Jiang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Pathogeny and Vector of Parasitosis, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - Y Deng
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Pathogeny and Vector of Parasitosis, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Pathogeny and Vector of Parasitosis, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - L Ai
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - P Ji
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Pathogeny and Vector of Parasitosis, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - D Wang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
- Henan Medical Key Laboratory for Pathogeny and Vector of Parasitosis, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang RJ, Pang HS, Li JZ, Luo ZH, Ai L, Song P, Cai YC, Lu Y, Mo XJ, Chen MX, Chen JX. [Mechanism of hepatic fibrosis associated with Echinococcus: a review]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2022; 34:646-653. [PMID: 36642908 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2022178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Echinococcosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Echinococcus infections, and this disorder may cause fibrosis of multiple vital organs, which may further progress into cirrhosis. Early-stage hepatic fibrosis is reversible, and unraveling the mechanisms underlying hepatic fibrosis induced by Echinococcus infections is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of early-stage hepatic fibrosis. Recently, the studies pertaining to hepatic fibrosis associated with Echinococcus infections focus on cytokines and immune cells. This review summarizes the advances in the mechanisms underlying host immune cells- and cytokines-mediated hepatic fibrosis in humans or mice following Echinococcus infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830002, China.,Co-first authors
| | - H S Pang
- Tibet Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China.,Co-first authors
| | - J Z Li
- Tibet Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - Z H Luo
- Tibet Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830002, China.,Tibet Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lhasa, Tibet 850000, China
| | - P Song
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.,Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center (Hainan Sub-Center, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| | - Y C Cai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y Lu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X J Mo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumchi, Xinjiang 830002, China
| | - M X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.,Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center (Hainan Sub-Center, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Haikou, Hainan 571199, China.,Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518073, China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China.,Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center (Hainan Sub-Center, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Haikou, Hainan 571199, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang RJ, Li JZ, Pang HS, Luo ZH, Zhang T, Mo XJ, Yang SJ, Cai YC, Lu Y, Chu YH, Song P, Chen MX, Ai L, Chen JX. Advances in the study of molecular identification technology of Echinococcus species. Trop Biomed 2022; 39:434-443. [PMID: 36214441 DOI: 10.47665/tb.39.3.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The larvae of Echinococcus (hydatidcyst) can parasitize humans and animals, causing a serious zoonotic disease-echinococcosis. The life history of Echinococcus is complicated, and as the disease progresses slowly after infection, early diagnosis is difficult to establish. Due to the limitations of imaging and immunological diagnosis in this respect, domestic and foreign scholars have established a variety of molecular detection techniques for the pathogen Echinococcus over recent years, mainly including nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), multiplex PCR, real-time quantitative PCR, and nucleic acid isothermal amplification technology. In this article, the research progress of molecular detection technology for Echinococcus infection currently was reviewed and the significance of these methods in the detection and diagnosis of hydatid and hydatid diseases was also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
| | - J Z Li
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
| | - H S Pang
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
| | - Z H Luo
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
| | - T Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
| | - X J Mo
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
| | - S J Yang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
| | - Y C Cai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Lu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Y H Chu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - P Song
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - M X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Hainan), Haikou, China
- Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention-Shenzhen Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory for Imported Tropical Disease Control, Shanghai, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research-Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention-Shenzhen Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory for Imported Tropical Disease Control, Shanghai, China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Centerfor Tropical Diseases Research);NHC Key Laboratory for Parasitology and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Tibet Center for Disease Control and Prevention; NHC Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Lasa, China
- Hainan Tropical Diseases Research Center (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Hainan), Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ai L, Higashi M, Lee K, Liu Z, Jin L, Raja K, Mai Y, Jun T, Oh W, Beckmann A, Schadt E, Schadt Z, Wallsten R, Calay E, Kasarskis A, Pan Q, Schadt E, Wang X. AB0227 TREATMENT SEQUENCING PATTERNS AND COMPARATIVE EFFICACY IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS FROM A REAL-WORLD SETTING. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.4655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundThe European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)1 recently provided updated guidelines regarding the initiation and modification of disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) therapy in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Therefore, real-world evidence studies are warranted to provide insights into first-line DMARD utilization and durability of response in the second-line setting.ObjectivesTo analyze RA treatment patterns in real-world data and compare durability of response between second-line DMARDs + anti-TNF (TNFi) therapies vs. TNFi monotherapy.MethodsElectronic health records (EHRs) from a large health system in the Northeast US were used to identify RA patients. Lines of therapy were defined based on confirmed prescriptions for DMARDs and TNFi therapies. Time to next treatment (TTNT) was the primary outcome to estimate durability of response. Time-to-event analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test methods. In addition, a Cox Proportional-Hazards (CoxPH) model was used to evaluate covariates as independent predictors of disease progression.ResultsOur study cohort consisted of 8,040 patients who had at least one line of therapy for RA. Conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs) were the predominant first line of therapy in this dataset (71.3%), followed by TNFi alone (11.1%) or TNFi combined with csDMARD (9.1%) (Figure 1).For patients who had csDMARD as their first line of therapy, 22.93% progressed to second line treatment. Among them 36.2% patients were TNFi with or without in combination with csDMARDs. In the second-line, TNFi + csDMARDs were associated with a longer TTNT (median time: 13.1 months vs 6.1 months, P < 0.005) compared to TNFi monotherapy. The multiple variable CoxPH model (adjusted for age, gender, and race) demonstrated that second-line TNFi + csDMARDs had a lower hazard rate when compared to TNFi monotherapy (HR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.36 - 1.12, p < 0.005).ConclusionWe demonstrated the first comprehensive treatment sequencing patterns in RA from a real-world setting. As a second-line therapy for patients with inadequate response to csDMARDS, the TNFi + csDMARDs combination may improve duration of response when compared to TNFi monotherapy. Results from this study will inform future sequencing strategies to improve patient outcomes.References[1]Smolen, Josef S., Robert B. M. Landewé, Johannes W. J. Bijlsma, Gerd R. Burmester, Maxime Dougados, Andreas Kerschbaumer, Iain B. McInnes, et al. 2020. “EULAR Recommendations for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis with Synthetic and Biological Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs: 2019 Update.” Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79 (6): 685–99.Disclosure of InterestsLei Ai: None declared, Mitchell Higashi: None declared, Kyeryoung Lee: None declared, Zongzhi Liu: None declared, Lan Jin: None declared, Kalpana Raja: None declared, Yun Mai: None declared, Tomi Jun: None declared, William Oh Consultant of: JanssenPfizer, Aviva Beckmann: None declared, Emilio Schadt: None declared, Zachary Schadt: None declared, Rick Wallsten: None declared, Ediz Calay: None declared, Andrew Kasarskis: None declared, Qi Pan: None declared, Eric Schadt Speakers bureau: Eli Lilly, Consultant of: SAB of Eli LillyCelgene, Xiaoyan Wang: None declared
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu LN, Wang L, Yuan S, Mao YZ, Saito K, Zhang XJ, Qin CM, Liang QC, Long XY, Zhao YP, Cheng Y, Zhang W, Yang H, Zhu GH, Zhang K, Ping LL, Ai L, Guo YY, Wang GX, Zheng WM, Gao X, Lin XD, Wu MQ. Impedance matching system using triple liquid stub tuners for high-power ion cyclotron resonance heating in EAST tokamak. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:043506. [PMID: 35489959 DOI: 10.1063/5.0076421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH), one of the main auxiliary methods, for high-power and long-pulse plasma heating had been developed in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). An impedance matching system, one important part of ICRH, had been developed for high-power injection and transmitter protection by reducing the reflected power from the antenna. The input impedance in the outlet of the stub tuner can be measured by voltage-current probes installed on the coaxial transmission line between the antenna and triple liquid stub tuners, and the optimum liquid levels in the stub tuners can be calculated based on the input impedance. The calculation and adjustment process of the optimum liquid levels are described comprehensively in this article. Finally, impedance matching had been achieved between two shots during EAST experiments. In the near future, a real-time impedance matching system will be developed to prevent large variations of the ICRH antenna impedance and achieve steady-state and long-pulse operation with the ICRH system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L N Liu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - L Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Yuan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Z Mao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - K Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - X J Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - C M Qin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Q C Liang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X Y Long
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y P Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Yang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G H Zhu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - K Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L L Ping
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Ai
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Y Guo
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - G X Wang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W M Zheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X Gao
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - X D Lin
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - M Q Wu
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deng Y, Liu YH, Chen WQ, Zhang YL, Jiang TT, Li SH, Ai L, Cai MR, Ying QJ, Liu Y, Zhang HW. [Establishment of a fluorescent recombinase-aided isothermal amplification assay for nucleic acid detection of Paraginiumus skrjabini and preliminary evaluation of its detection efficiency]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:464-469. [PMID: 34791843 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a nucleic acid assay for detection of Paragonimus skrjabini based on the recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RAA) technique, and to preliminarily evaluate its detection efficiency. METHODS The metacercariae of P. skrjabini, P. westermani and Euparagonimus cenocopiosus were isolated from crabs, and genomic DNA was extracted for molecular characterization. The cytochrome coxidase 1 (cox1) gene sequence of P. skrjabini was selected as the target gene fragment, and the primers and probes were designed, screened and synthesized for RAA assay. The genomic DNA of P. skrjabini metacercariae from Jiyuan City and Yiyang County of Luoyang City, Henan Province were used as templates for verification of the fluorescent RAA assay. The fluorescent RAA assay was performed to detect different concentrations of plasmids containing target gene fragment and P. skrjabini metacercariae genomic DNA to determine the sensitivity. Fluorescent RAA assay was performed with recombinant plasmids containing P. skrjabini cox1 gene sequences at different concentrations and P. skrjabini genomic DNA as templates to evaluate its sensitivity, and the genomic DNA of P. westermani, E. cenocopiosus, Clonorchis sinensis and Schistosoma japonicum was detected with fluorescent RAA assay to evaluate its specificity. RESULTS P. skrjabini, P. westermani and E. cenocopiosus metacercariae were isolated from crabs, respectively. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis confirmed their homology with the genes sequences of standard Paragonimus strains in GenBank. A fluorescent RAA assay was successfully established for nucleic acid detection of P. skrjabini, and the genomic DNA of P. skrjabini metacercariae from Jiyuan City and Yiyang County of Luoyang City, Henan Province was amplified using the fluorescent RAA assay within 5 min, while the negative control was not amplified. If the recombinant plasmid containing P. skrjabini cox1 gene sequences was used as templates, the fluorescent RAA assay showed the lowest detection limit of 10 copies/μL, and positive amplification was observed within 5 min. If genomic DNA was used as templates, the fluorescent RAA assay showed the lowest detection limit of 10 pg/μL, and all positive amplifications were found within 5 to 10 min. In addition, the fluorescent RAA assay was tested negative for P. westermani, E. cenocopiosus, C. sinensis and S. japonicum. CONCLUSIONS A rapid, sensitive and specific fluorescent RAA assay is successfully established for nucleic acid detection of P. skrjabini, which has potential values in rapid field detection and species identification in freshwater crabs in areas endemic for P. skrjabini.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Deng
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Y H Liu
- Jiangsu Qitian Gene Technology Co., Ltd., China
| | - W Q Chen
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - Y L Zhang
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - T T Jiang
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - S H Li
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China
| | - M R Cai
- Zhangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian Province, China
| | - Q J Ying
- Jiangsu Qitian Gene Technology Co., Ltd., China
| | - Y Liu
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| | - H W Zhang
- Henan Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory for Pathogenic Microorganisms of Infectious Diseases, Zhengzhou 450016, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lu Y, Chen JX, Song P, Li H, Ai L, Cai YC, Chu YH, Chen SH. [Construction of a cDNA library for Sparganum mansoni and screening of diagnostic antigen cadidates]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2021; 33:380-386. [PMID: 34505445 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2021143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To construct a cDNA library of Sparganum mansoni and immunoscreen antigen candidates for immunodiagnosis of sparganosis mansoni. METHODS Total RNA was extracted from S. mansoni, and reversely transcribed into cDNA, which was ligated into the phage vector. These recombinant vectors were packaged in vitro to construct the SMART cDNA library of S. mansoni. Then, the cDNA library was immunoscreened with sera from patients with sparganosis mansoni to yield positive clones. The inserted fragments of positive clones were sequenced and subjected to homology analyses, and the structure and functions of the coding proteins were predicted. RESULTS The SMATR cDNA library of S. mansoni was successfully constructed. The titer of the cDNA library was 6.25 × 106 pfu/mL, with a recombinant efficiency of 100%, and the mean length of the inserted fragments in the library was larger than 1 100 bp. A total of 12 positive clones were obtained by immunoscreening, and were categorized into Sm-I (Sm60-1), Sm-II (Sm58-1), Sm-III (Sm20-1) and Sm-IV (Sm22-3), with 1 134, 1 063, 883 bp and 969 bp long inserted fragments. Their coding proteins were highly homologous with the Spirometra erinaceieuropaei antigenic polypeptide, cytoplasmic antigen, ribosomal protein S4-like protein and unnamed protein product, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A SMART cDNA library of S. mansoni has been successfully constructed and 4 categories of positive clones have been identified, which provides a basis for further studies on diagnostic antigens for sparganosis mansoni.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - P Song
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y C Cai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y H Chu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - S H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu QM, Fang F, Wu SH, Shi ZQ, Liu Z, Zhoa YJ, Zheng HW, Lu GX, Kong HR, Wang GJ, Ai L, Chen MX, Chen JX. Dendritic cell TLR4 induces Th1-type immune response against Cryptosporidium parvum infection. Trop Biomed 2021; 38:172-179. [PMID: 33797542 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.1.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanism of Toll-like receptor (TLR4)- mediated dendritic cell (DC) immune against Cryptosporidium parvum infection. C. parvum sporozoites were labeled with 5,6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester. Murine bone marrow-derived DCs were isolated, and divided into TLR4 antibody blocking (TAB; infected with 2 × 105 labeled sporozoites and 0.5 μg TLR4 blocking antibody), TLR4 antibody unblocking (TAU; infected with 2 × 105 labeled sporozoites), and blank control (BC; with 1.5 mL Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 medium) groups. The adhesion of Cryptosporidium sporozoites to DCs and CD11c+ levels were examined by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Male KM mice were orally injected with C. parvum. The proliferation of T lymphocytes in spleen, expression of cytokines in peripheral blood, and TLR4 distribution features in different organs were further determined by immunohistochemistry. A significantly higher expression of CD11c+ and higher C. parvum sporozoite adhesion were found in the TAU group compared with other groups. The expression of CD4+CD8- /CD8+CD4- in the spleen were obviously differences between the TAB and TAU groups. The expression of TLR4, interleukin IL-4, IL-12, IL-18 and IFN-γ improved in the TAU group compared with TAB group. Higher expression of TLR4 was detected in the lymph nodes of mice in the TAU group, with pathological changes in the small intestine. Hence, TLR4 could mediate DCs to recognize C. parvum, inducing Th1 immune reaction to control C. parvum infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q M Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - F Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - S H Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - Z Q Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - Z Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - Y J Zhoa
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - H W Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - G X Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - H R Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - G J Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China
| | - L Ai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China.,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - M X Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230036, PR China.,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China.,Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China.,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention-Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory for Imported Tropical Disease Control, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ai L, Hu W, Zhang RL, Huang DN, Chen SH, Xu B, Li H, Cai YC, Lu Y, Zhou XN, Chen MX, Chen JX. microRNAs expression profiles in Schistosoma japonicum of different sex 14 and 28 days post-infection. Trop Biomed 2020; 37:947-962. [PMID: 33612748 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.4.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Different miRNAs are involved in the life cycles of Schistosoma japonicum. The aim of this study was to examine the expression profile of miRNAs in individual S. japonicum of different sex before and after pairing (18 and 24 dpi). The majority of differential expressed miRNAs were highly abundant at 14 dpi, except for sja-miR-125b and sja-miR-3505, in both male and female. Moreover, it was estimated that sja-miR-125b and sja-miR-3505 might be related to laying eggs. sja-miR-2a-5p and sja-miR-3484-5p were expressed at 14 dpi in males and were significantly clustered in DNA topoisomerase III, Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 and L-serine/L-threonine ammonia-lyase. Target genes of sja-miR-2d-5p, sja-miR-31- 5p and sja-miR-125a, which were expressed at 14 dpi in males but particularly females, were clustered in kelch-like protein 12, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, class I, and heat shock protein 90 kDa beta. Predicted target genes of sja-miR-3483-3p (expressed at 28 dpi in females but not in males) were clustered in 26S proteasome regulatory subunit N1, ATPdependent RNA helicase DDX17. Predicted target genes of sja-miR-219-5p, which were differentially expressed at 28 dpi in females but particularly males, were clustered in DNA excision repair protein ERCC-6, protein phosphatase 1D, and ATPase family AAA domaincontaining protein 3A/B. Moreover, at 28 dpi, eight miRNAs were significantly up-regulated in females compared to males. The predicted target genes of these miRNAs were significantly clustered in heat shock protein 90 kDa beta, 26S proteasome regulatory subunit N1, and protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1. To sum up, differentially expressed miRNAs may have an essential role and provide necessary information on clarifying this trematode's growth, development, maturation, and infection ability to mammalian hosts in its complex life cycle, and may be helpful for developing new drug targets and vaccine candidates for schistosomiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - W Hu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China.,Department of Microbiology and Microbial Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, PR China
| | - R L Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - D N Huang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - S H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - B Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - H Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Y C Cai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Y Lu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - X N Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - M X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China.,Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.,National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Joint Laboratory for Imported Tropical Disease Control, Shanghai, 200025, PR China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Tropical Diseases Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ning CQ, Kang JM, Li YT, Chen HH, Chu YH, Yu YF, Wu XP, Ai L, Chen JX, Tian LG, Liao QD. [Prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis infections among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:489-497. [PMID: 33185060 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of Blastocystis infections among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City. METHODS A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among students sampled from a primary school in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City on April, 2018, and their stool samples were collected for microscopic examinations, in vitro culture and PCR assays to analyze the prevalence of Blastocystis infections and subtype of the parasite. In addition, the risk factors of Blastocystis infections among primary school students were identified using univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 466 primary students were surveyed, and the subjects had a mean age of (9.81±1.66) years and included 236 males (50.64%) and 230 females (49.36%). The prevalence of Blastocystis infections was 15.24% (71/466) among the study students, and there was no significance difference in the prevalence between male and fe- male students (16.52% vs. 13.91%; χ2 = 0.616, P = 0.433). In addition, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of Blastocystis infections among grade 1 (6.35%, 4/63), grade 2 (5.17%, 3/58), grade 3 (21.74%, 15/69), grade 4 (25.30%, 21/83), grade 5 (10.19%, 11/108) and grade 6 students (20.00%, 17/85) (χ2 = 15.410, P = 0.009). There were four Blastocystis subtypes characterized (ST1, ST3, ST6 and ST7), in which ST6 was the most common subtype (45.07%, 32/71), followed by ST3 (25.35%, 18/71). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that minority ethnicity [odds ratio (OR) = 4.259, 95% confidential inter- val (CI) : (1.161, 15.621)] and low maternal education level (primary school and below) [OR = 9.038, 95% CI: (1.125, 72.642)] were identified as risk factors of Blastocystis infection among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City. CONCLUSIONS There is a high prevalence of Blastocystis infections detected among primary school students in Jiangjin District, Chongqing City, and ST6 and ST3 are predominant subtypes. Minority ethnicity and low maternal education level (primary school and below) are risk factors for Blastocystis infections in primary school students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Q Ning
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J M Kang
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, China
| | - Y T Li
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - H H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y H Chu
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y F Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - X P Wu
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L G Tian
- National Institute of Parasitic Disease, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Tropical Disease Research, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasites and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Q D Liao
- Jiangjin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing City, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ning CQ, Ai L, Hu ZH, Chen JH, Tian LG. [Progress of researches on Blastocystis infections in humans and animals in China]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 33:95-101. [PMID: 33660483 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Blastocystis is a unicellular, anaerobic, intestinal protozoan that infects humans and a variety of animals, which is widely prevalent across the world. Blastocystis infections have been detected in healthy populations, children, students, outpatients and inpatients, as well as diarrhea patients in China. High prevalence of Blastocystis infections has been reported in immunocompromised patients, and relatively high prevalence was seen in individuals living in Guangxi and Yunnan regions. Based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequence, a total of 17 subtypes (ST1 to ST17) of Blastocystis have been characterized until now, among which ST1 to ST9 and ST12 infect humans and animals, and ST10 to ST17 only infect animals. In China, ST1 to ST3 are predominant human Blastocystis subtypes, and ST1/ST3, ST1/ST2 and ST2/ST3 mixed infections have been also identified. This review mainly describes the epidemiology and genotypes of Blastocystis in humans and animals in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Q Ning
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Z H Hu
- Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - J H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L G Tian
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou HR, Chen MX, Yu Q, Ai L, Wang Y, Xu QL, Xiao N. [Establishment of a recombinase-aided isothermal amplification assay for nucleic acid detection of Echinococcus multilocularis and its preliminary application]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2020; 32:168-173. [PMID: 32458606 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2019284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid nucleic acid detection technique for identification of Echinococcus multilocularis based on the recombinase aided isothermal amplification assay (RAA) and assess its diagnostic efficiency. METHODS The mitochondrial gene sequence of E. multilocularis (GenBank accession number: AB018440) was used as a target sequence. The primers were designed according to the RAA reaction principle and synthesized, and RAA was performed using the generated primers. E. multilocularis genomic DNA at various concentrations and the pMD19-T (Simple) vector containing various copies of the target gene fragment were amplified using RAA to evaluate its sensitivity for detection of E. multilocularis, and RAA was em- ployed to detect the genomic DNA of E. granulosus G1 genotype, Taenia saginata, T. asiatica, T. multiceps, Dipylidium caninum, Toxocara canis, Trichuris trichiura, Giardia lamblia, Fasciola hepatica, Paragonimus westermani, Fasciola gigantica and Clonorchis sinensis to evaluate its specificity. In addition, the optimized RAA was employed to detect nine tissue specimens of E. granulosus-infected animals, 3 fecal samples from E. granulosus-infected dogs and 2 fecal samples from field infected dogs to examine its reliability and feasibility. RESULTS The established RAA was able to detect the specific target gene fragment of E. multilocularis within 40 min. The lowest detect limit of RAA was 10 pg if E. multilocularis genomic DNA served as a template. If the re- combinant plasmid was used as a template, the minimally detectable copy number of RAA was 104. In addition, RAA was nega- tive for the genomic DNA of E. granulosus G1 genotype, T. saginata, T. asiatica, T. multiceps, D. caninum, T. canis, T. trichiura, G. lamblia, F. hepatica, P. westermani, F. gigantica and C. sinensis. The established RAA was positive for detection of the tissue specimens of infected animals, and simulated and field dog stool samples. CONCLUSIONS A rapid, sensitive and specific RAA is established, which shows promising values in identification of E. multilocularis and gene diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Zhou
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - M X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Q Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Y Wang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Q L Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - N Xiao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases; National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of National Health Commission, Shanghai 200025, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen MX, Zhang RL, Xu XN, Yu Q, Huang DN, Liu W, Chen SH, Song P, Lu L, Cai YC, Ai L, Chen JX. Parasitological and molecular detection of human fascioliasis in a young man from Guizhou, China. Trop Biomed 2020; 37:50-57. [PMID: 33612717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A 24-year-old man born in Guizhou province was diagnosed with obstructive jaundice and bile duct stones in 2013. Four living trematodes were found during laparotomy and cholecystectomy. Based on the morphology and molecular genetics analysis of internal transcribed spacer and pcox1 genes of the flatworm specimens, the trematodes from the patient were confirmed to be Fasciola hepatica. This report provided the clinical and molecular diagnosis information on human fascioliasis, which is an emerging sanitary problem still ignored in China. Human fascioliasis constantly occurs due to climatic changes and frequency of human travel. Therefore, it deserves more attention from physicians working in both developing and developed countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - R L Zhang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - X N Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Q Yu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - D N Huang
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - W Liu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - S H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - P Song
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - L Lu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Y C Cai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - J X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xue LL, Zhang JZ, Shen HX, Hou Y, Ai L, Cui XM. [The application of rapid rehabilitation model of multidisciplinary cooperation in cesarean section and the evaluation of health economics]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:3335-3339. [PMID: 31715671 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.42.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the application value of multiple disciplinary team Enhanced recovery after surgery (MDT-ERAS) in cesarean section and evaluate its health economic benefits. Methods: A total of 572 cases of pregnant women undergoing cesarean section in obstetrics department of Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 were selected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 286 cases in each group. The control group was treated with traditional rehabilitation mode, and the experimental group was treated with MDT-ERAS intervention to compare the difference of rehabilitation index and health economics index between the two groups, and to evaluate the application value and health economics benefit of MDT-ERAS. Results: The VAS scores of the two groups at 1 day after operation were higher than those at the time of returning to the ward after operation(1.81±0.40 VS. 1.58±0.39, 3.78±0.89 VS. 3.22±0.83, all P<0.05). The VAS scores at 2 days and 3 days after operation were lower than those at the time of returning to the ward(0.58±0.09 VS. 1.58±0.39, 1.02±0.15 VS. 1.58±0.39; 1.88±0.37 VS. 3.22±0.83, 2.67±0.44 VS. 3.22±0.83, all P<0.05). The VAS scores of the experimental group at each time point after operation were lower than those of the control group(1.58±0.39 VS. 3.22±0.83, 1.81±0.40 VS. 3.78±0.89, 1.02±0.15 VS. 2.67±0.44, 0.58±0.09 VS. 1.88±0.37), and these differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The anal exhaust time, indwelling catheterization time, first time out of bed and first time eating time of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Postpartum hemorrhage rate and neonatal milk addition rate in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The hospitalization time and hospitalization expenses of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group(all P<0.05), and the health economics benefit of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the latter (P<0.05). Conclusion: MDT-ERAS can effectively improve the recovery rate of the parturient after cesarean section, ensure the analgesic effect and improve the maternal and infant outcomes, and has higher health and economic benefits, which is worthy of promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L L Xue
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - J Z Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - H X Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - Y Hou
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - L Ai
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| | - X M Cui
- Department of Obstetrics, the Affiliated Jiaxing Women and Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Jiaxing 314000, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu LN, Zhang XJ, Zhu YB, Qin CM, Zhao YP, Yuan S, Mao YZ, Li MH, Chen Y, Cheng J, Ping LL, Li H, Ai L. Ion cyclotron emission diagnostic system on the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak and first detection of energetic-particle-driven radiation. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:063504. [PMID: 31255010 DOI: 10.1063/1.5089537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A passive and noninvasive diagnostic system based on high-frequency B-dot probes (HFBs) has been designed and developed for the measurement and identification of ion cyclotron emission (ICE) in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Details of the hardware components of this system including HFBs, direct current blockers, radio frequency splitters, filters, and power detectors as well as data acquisition systems are presented. A spectrum analyzer is used in addition to the ordinary speed acquisition card for data registration and analysis. The reliability of a HFB based diagnostic system has been well validated during the 2018 spring experiments on the EAST. ICE signals corresponding to fundamental cyclotron frequency of hydrogen ions and harmonics of deuterium ions were observed in experiments where deuterium plasmas were heated with deuterium neutral beams. The field dependence of ICE has been verified by recent experiments with three different background magnetic fields. The observed ratio of the ICE frequency is consistent with the ratio of the magnetic field intensity within measurement errors of a few percent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L N Liu
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - X J Zhang
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y B Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Compact Fusion, Langfang 065001, China
| | - C M Qin
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y P Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - S Yuan
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Z Mao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - M H Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Y Chen
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J Cheng
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L L Ping
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - H Li
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - L Ai
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jia G, Zhi A, Lai PFH, Wang G, Xia Y, Xiong Z, Zhang H, Che N, Ai L. The oral microbiota - a mechanistic role for systemic diseases. Br Dent J 2019; 224:447-455. [PMID: 29569607 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human oral microbiota is the ecological community of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms found in the oral cavity. Oral microbiota generally exists in the form of a biofilm and plays a crucial role in maintaining oral homeostasis, protecting the oral cavity and preventing disease development. Human oral microbiota has recently become a new focus research for promoting the progress of disease diagnosis, assisting disease treatment, and developing personalised medicines. In this review, the scientific evidence supporting the association that endogenous and exogenous factors (diet, smoking, drinking, socioeconomic status, antibiotics use and pregnancy) modulate oral microbiota. It provides insights into the mechanistic role in which oral microbiota may influence systemic diseases, and summarises the challenges of clinical diagnosis and treatment based on the microbial community information. It provides information for noninvasive diagnosis and helps develop a new paradigm of personalised medicine. All these benefit human health in the post-metagenomics era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Jia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - A Zhi
- Chemical Technology and Food Science College, Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology, Zhengzhou 450044, People's Republic of China
| | - P F H Lai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - G Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Xia
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Xiong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - H Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - N Che
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, PR China
| | - L Ai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Qiao Z, Zhao X, Wang K, Zhang Y, Fan D, Yu T, Shen H, Chen Q, Ai L. Utility of Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Perfusion-Weighted MR Imaging and 11C-Methionine PET/CT for Differentiation of Tumor Recurrence from Radiation Injury in Patients with High-Grade Gliomas. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019; 40:253-259. [PMID: 30655259 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Both 11C-methionine PET/CT and DSC-PWI could be used to differentiate radiation injury from recurrent brain tumors. Our aim was to assess the performance of MET PET/CT and DSC-PWI for differentiation of recurrence and radiation injury in patients with high-grade gliomas and to quantitatively analyze the diagnostic values of PET and PWI parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two patients with high-grade gliomas were enrolled in this study. The final diagnosis was determined by histopathologic analysis or clinical follow-up. PWI and PET parameters were recorded and compared between patients with recurrence and those with radiation injury using Student t tests. Receiver operating characteristic and logistic regression analyses were used to determine the diagnostic performance of each parameter. RESULTS The final diagnosis was recurrence in 33 patients and radiation injury in 9. PET/CT showed a patient-based sensitivity and specificity of 0.909 and 0.556, respectively, while PWI showed values of 0.667 and 0.778, respectively. The maximum standardized uptake value, mean standardized uptake value, tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value, and mean relative CBV were significantly higher for patients with recurrence than for patients with radiation injury. All these parameters showed a high discriminative power in receiver operating characteristic analysis. The optimal cutoff values for the tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value and mean relative CBV were 1.85 and 1.83, respectively, and corresponding sensitivities and specificities for the diagnosis of recurrence were 0.97 and 0.667 and 0.788 and 0.88, respectively. Areas under the curve for the tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value and mean relative CBV were 0.847 ± 0.077 and 0.845 ± 0.078, respectively. Combined assessment of the tumor-to-background maximum standardized uptake value and mean relative CBV showed the largest area under the curve (0.953 ± 0.031), with corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 0.848 and 1.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both 11C-methionine PET/CT and PWI are equally accurate in the differentiation of recurrence from radiation injury in patients with high-grade gliomas, and a combination of the 2 modalities could result in increased diagnostic accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Qiao
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| | - X Zhao
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| | - K Wang
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| | - Y Zhang
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| | - D Fan
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| | - T Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging (T.Y.), Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Medical Imaging (T.Y.), Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - H Shen
- Radiology (H.S.), Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Q Chen
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| | - L Ai
- From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine (Z.Q., X.Z., K.W., Y.Z., D.F., Q.C., L.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen Z, Ai L, Mboge MY, Tu C, McKenna R, Brown KD, Heldermon CD, Frost SC. Differential expression and function of CAIX and CAXII in breast cancer: A comparison between tumorgraft models and cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199476. [PMID: 29965974 PMCID: PMC6028082 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) and XII (CAXII) are transmembrane proteins that are associated with cancer progression. We have previously described the catalytic properties of CAIX in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, a line of cells that were derived from a patient with triple negative breast cancer. We chose this line because CAIX expression in breast cancer is a marker of hypoxia and a prognosticator for reduced survival. However, CAXII expression is associated with better survival statistics than those patients with low CAXII expression. Yet CAIX and CAXII have similar catalytic activities. Here we compare the potential roles of CAIX and CAXII in the context of TNBC and estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. In tumor graft models, we show that CAIX and CAXII exhibit distinct expression patterns and non-overlapping. We find the same pattern across a panel of TNBC and luminal breast cancer cell lines. This affords an opportunity to compare directly CAIX and CAXII function. Our data suggest that CAIX expression is associated with growth potentiation in the tumor graft model and in a TNBC line using knockdown strategies and blocking activity with an impermeant sulfonamide inhibitor, N-3500. CAXII was not associated with growth potentiation. The catalytic activities of both CAIX and CAXII were sensitive to inhibition by N-3500 and activated at low pH. However, pH titration of activity in membrane ghosts revealed significant differences in the catalytic efficiency and pKa values. These features provide evidence that CAIX is a more efficient enzyme than CAXII at low pH and that CAIX shifts the equilibrium between CO2 and bicarbonate in favor of CO2 production by consuming protons. This suggests that in the acidic microenvironment of tumors, CAIX plays a role in stabilizing pH at a value that favors cancer cell survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Chen
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Lingbao Ai
- The Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Mam Y Mboge
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Chingkuang Tu
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Robert McKenna
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Kevin D Brown
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Coy D Heldermon
- The Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Susan C Frost
- The Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen Z, Ai L, Mboge MY, McKenna R, Frost CJ, Heldermon CD, Frost SC. UFH-001 cells: A novel triple negative, CAIX-positive, human breast cancer model system. Cancer Biol Ther 2018; 19:598-608. [PMID: 29561695 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2018.1449612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human cell lines are an important resource for research, and are often used as in vitro models of human diseases. In response to the mandate that all cells should be authenticated, we discovered that the MDA-MB-231 cells that were in use in our lab, did not validate based on the alleles of 9 different markers (STR Profile). We had been using this line as a model of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) that has the ability to form tumors in immuno-compromised mice. Based on marker analysis, these cells most closely resembled the MCF10A line, which are a near diploid and normal mammary epithelial line. Yet, the original cells express carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) both constitutively and in response to hypoxia and are features that likely drive the aggressive nature of these cells. Thus, we sought to sub-purify CAIX-expressing cells using Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS). These studies have revealed a new line of cells that we have name UFH-001, which have the TNBC phenotype, are positive for CAIX expression, both constitutively and in response to hypoxia, and behave aggressively in vivo. These cells may be useful for exploring mechanisms that underlie progression, migration, and metastasis of this phenotype. In addition, constitutive expression of CAIX allows its evaluation as a therapeutic target, both in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Chen
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Gainesville , FL
| | - Lingbao Ai
- b Department of Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL
| | - Mam Y Mboge
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Gainesville , FL
| | - Robert McKenna
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Gainesville , FL
| | | | - Coy D Heldermon
- b Department of Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL
| | - Susan C Frost
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Gainesville , FL
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen Z, Mboge MY, Tu C, Ai L, Heldermon C, Frost SC. Abstract 5936: Comparison of carbonic anhydrase & activity between triple-negative & luminal breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-5936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment substantially influences the process of tumorigenesis. Extracellular acidification within the tumor microenvironment is an indicator of an aggressive cancer and a marker for poor patient outcome. In solid tumors, hypoxia leads to extracellular acidosis. Carbonic anhydrases (CA) are thought to regulate intracellular and extracellular pH (pHi and pHe, respectively). To explore the effect of CAs in breast cancer, we compared the expression and activity of two membrane bound CAs, CAIX and CAXII, between triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) and luminal breast cancer cells (LBCs).
We chose five different TNBC and LBC lines. Our data show that, among the TNBC lines, CAIX expression increased in three of the five lines: HBL100, SUM159, and the new UFH-001 cells under hypoxic condition. UFH-001 cells also showed strong constitutive expression. None of these TNBC lines expressed CAXII or estrogen receptor (ER). In LBC lines, four of the five lines constitutively expressed CAXII: T47D, MCF7, SKBR and SUM52 cells. CAXII expression was not hypoxia-dependent. Each of the five luminal lines expressed ER. We also examined CA expression in a tumor graft model. In tumors grown from cells derived from TNBC patients, we observed CAIX expression in four of six sample sets. In tumors derived from ER-positive LBC patients, all five expressed CAXII.
We also used the 18O exchange method to assess CA activity. Two TNBC lines: UFH-001 and HBL100 cells showed that CAIX activity increased in hypoxic conditions which was blocked by an impermeant sulfonamide CA inhibitor (N3500). In the luminal lines, we detected CAXII activity in T47D and MCF7 cells that was also inhibited by N3500. Like CAXII protein expression in these cells, CAXII activity was not affected by hypoxia. We also evaluated the effect of pH on CA activity in TNBC and LBC lines. Both CAIX and CAXII showed increased activity in response to reduced pH, which is expected in a bicarbonate-based system. However, UFH-001 cells also exhibited a hypoxic-dependent increase in CAIX activity which is associated with increased protein expression.
In conclusion, these observations demonstrate that CAIX expression is associated with the TNBC phenotype. Based on our activity data, we would predict that CA activity in TNBC tumors will be sensitive to both hypoxia (based on enhanced expression) and reduced pH. This change in activity may serve to regulate pH in the tumor microenvironment favoring an aggressive phenotype. On the other hand, LBC tumors, which are ER-positive, are only associated with CAXII expression. In luminal cells, we expect that only pH and not hypoxia will affect CAXII activity. This may, in part, explain the more positive prognosis in patients with CAXII expression.
Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting.
Citation Format: Zhijuan Chen, Mam Y. Mboge, Chingkuang Tu, Lingbao Ai, Coy Heldermon, Susan C. Frost. Comparison of carbonic anhydrase & activity between triple-negative & luminal breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5936. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5936
Collapse
|
21
|
Dükel M, Streitfeld WS, Tang TCC, Backman LRF, Ai L, May WS, Brown KD. The Breast Cancer Tumor Suppressor TRIM29 Is Expressed via ATM-dependent Signaling in Response to Hypoxia. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21541-21552. [PMID: 27535224 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.730960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced ATM function has been linked to breast cancer risk, and the TRIM29 protein is an emerging breast cancer tumor suppressor. Here we show that, in cultured breast tumor and non-tumorigenic mammary epithelial cells, TRIM29 is up-regulated in response to hypoxic stress but not DNA damage. Hypoxia-induced up-regulation of TRIM29 is dependent upon ATM and HIF1α and occurs through increased transcription of the TRIM29 gene. Basal expression of TRIM29 is also down-regulated in cells expressing diminished levels of ATM, and findings suggest that this occurs through basal NF-κB activity as knockdown of the NF-κB subunit RelA suppresses TRIM29 abundance. We have previously shown that the activity of the TWIST1 oncogene is antagonized by TRIM29 and now show that TRIM29 is necessary to block the up-regulation of TWIST1 that occurs in response to hypoxic stress. This study establishes TRIM29 as a hypoxia-induced tumor suppressor gene and provides a novel molecular mechanism for ATM-dependent breast cancer suppression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzaffer Dükel
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - W Scott Streitfeld
- Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | | | | | - Lingbao Ai
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| | - W Stratford May
- Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Kevin D Brown
- From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yao N, Ai L, Dong Y, Liu X, Wang D, Wang N, Li X, Wang F, Li XK, Li H, Jiang C. Expression of recombinant human anti-TNF-α scFv-Fc in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr7726. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15027726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
23
|
Chen SB, Ai L, Hu W, Xu J, Bergquist R, Qin ZQ, Chen JH. New Anti-Schistosoma Approaches in The People's Republic of China: Development of Diagnostics, Vaccines and Other New Techniques Belonging to the 'Omics' Group. Adv Parasitol 2016; 92:385-408. [PMID: 27137453 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A new national schistosomiasis elimination programme will be implemented for the period 2016-20. To support this approach, we have performed a systematic review to assess anti-schistosome approaches in The People's Republic of China and defined research priorities for the coming years. A systematic search was conducted for articles published from January 2000 to March 2015 in international journals. Totally 410 references were published in English between 2000 and 2015 related to schistosomiasis after unrelated references and reviews or comments were further excluded. A set of research priorities has been identified for the near future that would improve the progress toward schistosomiasis elimination in The People's Republic of China. In particular, there is a lack of sensitive and specific tests for the detection of schistosomiasis cases with low parasite burdens, as well as an effective vaccine against schistosomiasis, and there is a need for surveillance tools that can evaluate the epidemic status for guiding the elimination strategy. Hence, we think that schistosomiasis control and elimination will be improved in The People's Republic of China through development of new tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-B Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - L Ai
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - W Hu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Fudan University, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - J Xu
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - R Bergquist
- Geospatial Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Z-Q Qin
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| | - J-H Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China; WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wu H, Li K, Ai L, Pan J, Wang Y, Teng X. The oocyte-to-baby rate of day 2, day 3 versus day 5 embryo transfer: a retrospective study. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015. [DOI: 10.12891/ceog1971.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
25
|
Nour M, Tateshima S, Duckwiler G, Jahan R, Gonzalez N, Szeder V, Ai L, Saver J, Liebeskind D. E-084 proximal versus distal occlusions in the posterior circulation: acute stroke etiology in endovascular therapy. J Neurointerv Surg 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-011917.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
26
|
Wu HX, Li KM, Ai L, Pan JP, Wang Y, Teng XM. The oocyte-to-baby rate of day 2, day 3 versus day 5 embryo transfer: a retrospective study. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2015; 42:653-656. [PMID: 26524817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate whether the time of embryo transfer (ET) affect the oocyte-to-baby rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS The database was retrospectively analyzed including total number of oocytes collected and corresponding oocyte-to-live baby born (LBB) rate. Then the relationship between different time of embryo transfer and oocyte-to-baby rate was compared. In a year period all patients undergoing infertility treatment were included in the study. The outcome parameters were total number of oocytes collected and corresponding oocyte-to-LBB. RESULTS For patients under the age of 35 years, there was no increase in oocyte-to-LBB regardless of the time of ET. For patients older than 35 years, the oocyte use rate increased significantly when embryo was transferred on day 2. Oocyte-to-baby rates were also analyzed after grouping patients on the number of oocytes retrieved per cycle. For patients < 35 years, the oocyte- to -LBB rate increased significantly on day 3 if < ten oocytes were obtained. whereas for patients > 35 years, the oocyte-to-baby rate was best on day 2 when about 15 oocytes were retrieved. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective analysis demonstrated the relationship between the time of ET and ooctye-to-baby rate that is indicative of a more biologically efficient reproductive system.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ai L, Kim WJ, Alpay M, Tang M, Pardo CE, Hatakeyama S, May WS, Kladde MP, Heldermon CD, Siegel EM, Brown KD. TRIM29 suppresses TWIST1 and invasive breast cancer behavior. Cancer Res 2014; 74:4875-87. [PMID: 24950909 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
TRIM29 (ATDC) exhibits a contextual function in cancer, but seems to exert a tumor-suppressor role in breast cancer. Here, we show that TRIM29 is often silenced in primary breast tumors and cultured tumor cells as a result of aberrant gene hypermethylation. RNAi-mediated silencing of TRIM29 in breast tumor cells increased their motility, invasiveness, and proliferation in a manner associated with increased expression of mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin and vimentin), decreased expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin and EpCAM), and increased expression and activity of the oncogenic transcription factor TWIST1, an important driver of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Functional investigations revealed an inverse relationship in the expression of TRIM29 and TWIST1, suggesting the existence of a negative regulatory feedback loop. In support of this relationship, we found that TWIST1 inhibited TRIM29 promoter activity through direct binding to a region containing a cluster of consensus E-box elements, arguing that TWIST1 transcriptionally represses TRIM29 expression. Analysis of a public breast cancer gene-expression database indicated that reduced TRIM29 expression was associated with reduced relapse-free survival, increased tumor size, grade, and metastatic characteristics. Taken together, our results suggest that TRIM29 acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer through its ability to inhibit TWIST1 and suppress EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingbao Ai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
| | - Wan-Ju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Merve Alpay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ming Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Carolina E Pardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Shigetsugu Hatakeyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - W Stratford May
- UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael P Kladde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Coy D Heldermon
- UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Erin M Siegel
- Division of Population Sciences, Cancer Epidemiology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida. Department of Anatomic Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kevin D Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida. UF-Health Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Chen J, Ai L, Chen M, Chen S, Zhang Y, Li H, Cai Y, Lu Y, Tian L, Zhou X. Characterization of MicroRNAs in Paragonimus westermani by Solexa Deep Sequencing and Bioinformatics Analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2012.3469.3473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
30
|
Chen XZ, Yin XM, Ai L, Chen Q, Li SW, Dai JP. Differentiation between brain glioblastoma multiforme and solitary metastasis: qualitative and quantitative analysis based on routine MR imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 33:1907-12. [PMID: 22743640 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The differentiation between cerebral GBM and solitary MET is clinically important and may be radiologically challenging. Our hypothesis is that routine MR imaging with qualitative and quantitative analysis is helpful for this differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five GBM and 21 solitary metastases were retrospectively identified, with their preoperative routine MR imaging analyzed. According to the comparison of the area of peritumoral T2 prolongation with that of the lesion, the tumors were classified into grade I (prolongation area ≤ tumor area) and grade II (prolongation area > tumor area). The signal intensities of peritumoral T2 prolongation were measured on T2WI and normalized to the values of the contralateral normal regions by calculating the ratios. The ratio (nSI) of both types of tumors was compared in grade I, grade II, and in tumors without grading. The best cutoff values to optimize the sensitivity and specificity were determined for optimal differentiation. RESULTS The nSI of GBM was significantly higher than that of MET without T2 prolongation grading (P < .001), resulting in AUC = 0.725. The difference was significant (P = .014) in grade I tumors (GBM, 38; MET, 9), with AUC = 0.741, and in grade II tumors (GBM, 7; MET, 12), with AUC = 0.869 (P = .017). Both types of tumors showed a different propensity in T2 prolongation grading (χ(2) = 12.079, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS Combined with qualitative and quantitative analysis of peritumoral T2 prolongation, routine MR imaging can help in the differentiation between brain GBM and solitary MET.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Z Chen
- Department of Neuroimaging, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P R China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ai L, Skehan RR, Saydi J, Lin T, Brown KD. Ataxia-Telangiectasia, Mutated (ATM)/Nuclear Factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signaling controls basal and DNA damage-induced transglutaminase 2 expression. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:18330-41. [PMID: 22493284 PMCID: PMC3365769 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.339317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme that cross-links proteins and its overexpression, linked to a drug resistant phenotype, is commonly observed in cancer cells. Further, up-regulation of TG2 expression occurs during response to various forms of cell stress; however, the molecular mechanisms that drive inducible expression of the TG2 gene (TGM2) require elucidation. Here we show that genotoxic stress induces TG2 expression through the Ataxia-Telangiectasia, Mutated (ATM)/Nuclear Factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) signaling pathway. We further document that NFκB is both necessary and sufficient to drive constitutive TG2 expression in cultured cell lines. Additionally, shRNA-mediated knockdown or pharmacological inhibition of the ATM kinase results in reduced constitutive TG2 expression and NFκB transcriptional activity. We document that the NFκB subunit p65 (RelA) interacts with two independent consensus NFκB binding sites within the TGM2 promoter, that mutation of either site or pharmacological inhibition of NFκB reduces TGM2 promoter activity, and genotoxic stress drives heightened association of p65 with the TGM2 promoter. Finally, we observed that knockdown of either p65 or ATM in MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells expressing recombinant TG2 partially reduces resistance to doxorubicin, indicating that the drug resistance linked to overexpression of TG2 functions, in part, through p65 and ATM. This work establishes a novel ATM-dependent signaling loop where TG2 and NFκB activate each other resulting in sustained activation of NFκB and acquisition of a drug-resistant phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingbao Ai
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the UF-Shands Cancer Center University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Ryan R. Skehan
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the UF-Shands Cancer Center University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - John Saydi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the UF-Shands Cancer Center University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Tong Lin
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the UF-Shands Cancer Center University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| | - Kevin D. Brown
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the UF-Shands Cancer Center University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ai L, Xu MJ, Chen MX, Zhang YN, Chen SH, Guo J, Cai YC, Zhou XN, Zhu XQ, Chen JX. Characterization of microRNAs in Taenia saginata of zoonotic significance by Solexa deep sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Parasitol Res 2011; 110:2373-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-011-2773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
33
|
Li M, Li J, He H, Wang Z, Lv B, Li W, Hailla N, Yan F, Xian J, Ai L. Directional diffusivity changes in the optic nerve and optic radiation in optic neuritis. Br J Radiol 2011; 84:304-14. [PMID: 21415301 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/93494520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optic neuritis (ON) is defined as an inflammation of the optic nerve and provides a useful model for studying the effects of inflammatory demyelination of white matter. The aim of this study was to assess the diffusion changes in both the optic nerve and optic radiation in patients with acute and chronic ON using diffusion tensor (DT) MRI. METHODS 33 patients with idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis (IDON) and 33 gender- and age-matched healthy controls were examined with DT-MRI and with T(1) and T(2) weighted MRI. RESULTS Compared with controls, both first-episode and recurrent patients with IDON in the acute stage showed significantly increased radial diffusivity (λ(⊥)) and decreased mean fractional anisotropy (FA) in the affected nerves. Reduced FA, increased λ(⊥), mean diffusivity (MD) and axial diffusivity (λ(∥)) were determined in patients with subacute IDON. We found no significant difference in the directional diffusivity of optic radiation in patients whose disease had lasted less than 1 year compared with healthy controls. However, significant changes in the FA and λ(⊥) of the optic radiation were detected in patients with disease duration of more than 1 year. CONCLUSION These results show the great potential and capacity of DT-MRI measures as useful biomarkers and indicators for the evaluation of myelin injury in the visual pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Li
- Key Laboratory of Complex Systems and Intelligence Science, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu C, Zhang R, Chen M, Li J, Ai L, Wu C, Zhu X, Lin R. Characterisation of Angiostrongylus cantonensis Isolates from China by Sequences of Internal Transcribed Spacers of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2011.593.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
35
|
Ai L, Weng YB, Elsheikha HM, Zhao GH, Alasaad S, Chen JX, Li J, Li HL, Wang CR, Chen MX, Lin RQ, Zhu XQ. Genetic diversity and relatedness of Fasciola spp. isolates from different hosts and geographic regions revealed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences. Vet Parasitol 2011; 181:329-34. [PMID: 21524854 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined sequence variability in a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (pcox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunits 4 and 5 (pnad4 and pnad5) among 39 isolates of Fasciola spp., from different hosts from China, Niger, France, the United States of America, and Spain; and their phylogenetic relationships were re-constructed. Intra-species sequence variations were 0.0-1.1% for pcox1, 0.0-2.7% for pnad4, and 0.0-3.3% for pnad5 for Fasciola hepatica; 0.0-1.8% for pcox1, 0.0-2.5% for pnad4, and 0.0-4.2% for pnad5 for Fasciola gigantica, and 0.0-0.9% for pcox1, 0.0-0.2% for pnad4, and 0.0-1.1% for pnad5 for the intermediate Fasciola form. Whereas, nucleotide differences were 2.1-2.7% for pcox1, 3.1-3.3% for pnad4, and 4.2-4.8% for pnad5 between F. hepatica and F. gigantica; were 1.3-1.5% for pcox1, 2.1-2.9% for pnad4, 3.1-3.4% for pnad5 between F. hepatica and the intermediate form; and were 0.9-1.1% for pcox1, 1.4-1.8% for pnad4, 2.2-2.4% for pnad5 between F. gigantica and the intermediate form. Phylogenetic analysis based on the combined sequences of pcox1, pnad4 and pnad5 revealed distinct groupings of isolates of F. hepatica, F. gigantica, or the intermediate Fasciola form irrespective of their origin, demonstrating the usefulness of the mtDNA sequences for the delineation of Fasciola species, and reinforcing the genetic evidence for the existence of the intermediate Fasciola form.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ai
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang Province 163319, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chen X, Dai J, Ai L, Ru X, Wang J, Li S, Young GS. Clival invasion on multi-detector CT in 390 pituitary macroadenomas: correlation with sex, subtype and rates of operative complication and recurrence. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2011; 32:785-9. [PMID: 21436342 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Clival invasion, a rare but potentially significant complication of pituitary adenoma, is difficult to detect on MR imaging. Because CT is widely used in adjunct guidance of pituitary surgery and it has recently been suggested that preoperative CT may add useful diagnostic information in addition to pituitary MR imaging, we performed the first large cross-sectional imaging study to define the image attributes, clinical correlates, and prognostic implications of clival invasion on CT for pituitary adenoma surgical guidance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Preoperative CT images from 390 patients with histopathologically diagnosed pituitary macroadenoma were reviewed retrospectively and classified by the presence and degree of clival invasion. Tumor volume, tumor subtype, patient sex, operative complication, and recurrence rates were compared between groups. RESULTS After we corrected for multiple correlations, the most significant independent risk factor for clival invasion was female sex (OR=3.62, P=.014, multinomial logistic regression), followed by large tumor volume (OR=1.08, P<.001), and null-cell subtype (OR=5.47, P<.001). Larger tumor volume correlated with null-cell subtype (Mann-Whitney U test, P=.006), incidence of clival invasion (P<.001), and extent of clival invasion (P=.038). Clival invasion was associated with a significantly higher ratio of operative complications (15.63%, χ(2)=7.067, P=.008) and recurrence (57.14%, χ(2)=10.739, P=.001). CONCLUSIONS CT detection of clival invasion by pituitary macroadenoma is significantly more common in women, in patients with large tumors, and in patients with null-cell tumors, and it is associated with a higher rate of operative complications and recurrences. Attention to the presence of clival invasion on preoperative CT and prospective investigation of its prognostic significance are indicated. Attention to this finding on pituitary guidance CT is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Du YE, Ai L, Han ZB. Solvothermal synthesis and structural characterization of a new one-dimensional coordination polymer [Zn(ATIBDC)DPA)] n (H2TIBDC = 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid, DPA = 2,2′-dipyridylamine). RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328411020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
38
|
Du YE, Ai L, Han ZB. A 1D linear chain coordination polymer constructed by Co(II) with Atibdc and Bipy Ligands (H2Atibdc = 5-amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic acid, Bipy = 4,4-bipyridyl). RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328411010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
39
|
Ai L, Chen S, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Li H, Chen M, Guo J, Cai Y, Zhu X, Chen J. Sequences of Internal Transcribed Spacers and Two Mitochondrial Genes: Effective Genetic Markers for Metorchis orientalis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.3923/javaa.2010.2371.2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
40
|
Ai L, Li C, Elsheikha H, Hong S, Chen J, Chen S, Li X, Cai X, Chen M, Zhu X. Rapid identification and differentiation of Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica by a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay. Vet Parasitol 2010; 174:228-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Revised: 08/29/2010] [Accepted: 09/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
41
|
Chen MX, Ai L, Zhang RL, Xia JJ, Wang K, Chen SH, Zhang YN, Xu MJ, Li X, Zhu XQ, Chen JX. Sensitive and rapid detection of Paragonimus westermani infection in humans and animals by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Parasitol Res 2010; 108:1193-8. [PMID: 21107864 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-2162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay was developed and validated for the detection of Paragonimus westermani adults, metacercariae, and eggs in human and animal samples. The LAMP amplification can be finished in 45 min under isothermal condition at 60°C by employing a set of four species-specific primer mixtures and the results can be checked by naked-eye visualization. No amplification products were detected with deoxyribunucleic acid (DNA) of related trematode species including Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica, Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, Schistosoma mansoni, and Schistosoma japonicum. The method was further validated by examining P. westermani DNA in intermediate hosts including freshwater crabs and crayfish, as well as in sputum and pleural fluid samples from patients of paragonimiasis. These results indicated that the LAMP assay was highly specific, sensitive, and rapid, and it was approximately 100 times more sensitive than conventional specific PCR. The LAMP assay established in this study provides a rapid and sensitive tool for the detection of P. westermani DNA in freshwater crabs, crayfish, sputum, and pleural fluid samples, which has important implications for effective control of human paragonimiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M X Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Exact positions of 5-methylcytosine (m(5)C) on a single strand of DNA can be determined by bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS). Treatment with bisulfite ion preferentially deaminates unmethylated cytosines, which are then converted to uracil upon desulfonation. Amplifying regions of interest from deaminated DNA and sequencing products cloned from amplicons permits determination of methylation at single-nucleotide resolution along single DNA molecules, which is not possible with other methylation analysis techniques. This unit describes a BGS technique suitable for most DNA sources, including formaldehyde-fixed tissue. Considerations for experimental design and common sources of error are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell P Darst
- University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ai L, Dong SJ, Zhang WY, Elsheikha HM, Mahmmod YS, Lin RQ, Yuan ZG, Shi YL, Huang WY, Zhu XQ. Specific PCR-based assays for the identification of Fasciola species: their development, evaluation and potential usefulness in prevalence surveys. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2010; 104:65-72. [PMID: 20149293 DOI: 10.1179/136485910x12607012373713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Among the helminths infecting ruminants in China are three taxa belonging to the genus Fasciola: F. hepatica, F. gigantica and the so-called 'intermediate form' that appears to lie between these two species. Based on the sequences of the second internal-transcribed spacers (ITS-2) within the parasites' nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), a pair of primers (DSJf/DSJ3) specific for F. hepatica and a pair (DSJf/DSJ4) specific for F. gigantica were designed and used to develop PCR-based assays. These assays allowed the identification and differentiation of F. hepatica, F. gigantica and the 'intermediate' Fasciola, with no amplicons produced from heterologous DNA samples. The results of sequencing confirmed the species-specific identity of the amplified products. The assays showed good sensitivity, giving positive results with as little as 0.11 ng of F. hepatica DNA and 0.35 ng of F. gigantica DNA. This meant that the DNA from a single Fasciola egg or a single infected snail was sufficient for identification of the Fasciola taxon. The developed PCR assays could provide useful tools for the detection, identification and epidemiological investigation of Fasciola infection in humans, other mammals and snails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Li J, Zhao GH, Zou FC, Mo XH, Yuan ZG, Ai L, Li HL, Weng YB, Lin RQ, Zhu XQ. Combined mitochondrial 16S and 12S rDNA sequences: an effective genetic marker for inter-species phylogenetic analysis of zoonotic trematodes. Parasitol Res 2010; 107:561-9. [PMID: 20461407 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-1895-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study studied the genetic variation among Schistosoma japonicum isolates from different endemic regions in mainland China and examined the phylogenetic relationships of zoonotic trematodes using the combined mitochondrial 16S and 12S ribosomal DNA sequences. The fragments of 16S and 12S rDNA were amplified from 22 S. japonicum isolates, and sequenced, and the relevant sequences of other nine trematode species belonging to six genera in four families were downloaded from GenBank, and their phylogenetic relationships were re-constructed by unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages analyses using the combined 16S and 12S rDNA sequences, with Trichinella spiralis as outgroup. The results showed that the partial sequences of mitochondrial 16S and 12S rDNA of S. japonicum were 757 and 797 bp, respectively, and they were quite conserved among the S. japonicum isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the combined 16S and 12S rDNA sequences were not able to distinguish S. japonicum isolates in mountainous areas from those in lake/marshland areas in mainland China. However, the combined sequences could distinguish different species of zoonotic trematodes. Therefore, the combined mitochondrial 16S and 12S rDNA sequences provide an effective molecular marker for the inter-species phylogenetic analysis and differential identification of zoonotic trematodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Aberrant hypermethylation of CpG islands in the promoter region of tumor suppressor and other important genes in neoplastic cells of lymphoma has been demonstrated to be one of the mechanisms for epigenetic loss of gene function. In this study, we analyzed promoter hypermethylation of the following genes in 49 cases of primary gastric lymphoma (PGL): ATM, p16INK4a(CDKN2A), hMLH1, MGMT, DAPK, and CDH1(ECAD). The PGL cases studied included 26 (53%) cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 12 (25%) cases of extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), 7 (14%) cases of MZL with large cell transformation (MZL/DLBCL), 1 (2%) case of follicular lymphoma (FL), one (2%) case of Burkitt-like lymphoma (BL), one case (2%) of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) and one case (2%) of peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Available pathologic data regarding to extragastric involvement at the time of resection of the PGLs were reviewed and correlated. Promoter hypermethylation was detected in 6 of 49 (12.2%) cases for ATM; 13 of 49 (26.5%) for p16INK4a, 19 of 49 (38.8%) for hMLH1; 22 of 49 (44.9%) for MGMT; 27 of 49 (55.1%) for DAPK and 16 of 49 (32.7%) for CDH1. A total of 85% of the PGLs had promoter hypermethylation in at least one of these genes. With different histologic subtypes, promoter hypermethylation of DAPK, hMLH1, and CDH1 genes occurred in 70%, 42%, and 42% respectively for DLBCL, which appeared to be higher than combined MZL and MZL/DLBCL subgroup. Approximately 81% PGLs demonstrated H. pylori infection by immunohistochemistry. H. pylori status did not appear to be statistically correlated with promoter hypermethylation of the genes. Of 37 PGL cases, 19 cases had extragastric involvement at the time of resection, indicating relatively higher stage disease. The frequencies of promoter methylation in those cases were 58% for DAPK, 42% for hMLH1, 37% for CDH1, 26% for p16INK4a and 11% for ATM respectively. The promoter methylation at MGMT gene was significantly higher in the PGLs without extragastric involvement (61%) as compared to those with extragastric involvement (26%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Huang
- Division of Pathology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ai L, Kim WJ, Demircan B, Dyer LM, Bray KJ, Skehan RR, Massoll NA, Brown KD. The transglutaminase 2 gene (TGM2), a potential molecular marker for chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity, is epigenetically silenced in breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2008; 29:510-8. [PMID: 18174247 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgm280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme capable of catalyzing protein cross-links. TG2-dependent cross-links are important in extracellular matrix integrity and it has been proposed that this TG2 activity establishes a barrier to tumor spread. Furthermore, TG2 controls sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin. Both doxorubicin sensitivity and TG2 expression are highly variable in cultured human breast cancer cell lines and inspection of the human gene (termed TGM2) determined that a canonical CpG island exists within its 5' flank. These features, when combined with its potential tumor suppressor activity, make TG2 an attractive candidate for epigenetic silencing. Consistent with this, we observed that culturing breast tumor cells with the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-azadC) resulted in a robust increase in TG2 expression. Analysis of DNA harvested from cultured lines and primary breast tumor samples indicated that TGM2 often displays aberrant hypermethylation and that there is a statistically significant correlation between gene methylation and reduced expression. Finally, we observed that doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7/ADR cells do not show TGM2 silencing but that doxorubicin-sensitive MCF-7 cells do and that culturing MCF-7 cells on 5-azadC and subsequently restoring TG2 expression reduced sensitivity to doxorubicin. This work indicates that the TGM2 gene is a target for epigenetic silencing in breast cancer and suggests that this aberrant molecular event is a potential marker for chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingbao Ai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Shands Cancer Center Program in Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics and Tumor Virology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Box 100245, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ai L, Kim WJ, Kim TY, Fields CR, Massoll NA, Robertson KD, Brown KD. Epigenetic silencing of the tumor suppressor cystatin M occurs during breast cancer progression. Cancer Res 2007; 66:7899-909. [PMID: 16912163 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-0576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cystatin M is a secreted inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteases. Several lines of evidence indicate that cystatin M is a tumor suppressor important in breast malignancy; however, the mechanism(s) that leads to inactivation of cystatin M during cancer progression is unknown. Inspection of the human cystatin M locus uncovered a large and dense CpG island within the 5' region of this gene (termed CST6). Analysis of cultured human breast tumor lines indicated that cystatin M expression is either undetectable or in low abundance in several lines; however, enhanced gene expression was measured in cells cultured on the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC). Increased cystatin M expression does not correlate with a cytotoxic response to 5-aza-dC; rather, various molecular approaches indicated that the CST6 gene was aberrantly methylated in these tumor lines as well as in primary breast tumors. Moreover, 60% (12 of 20) of primary tumors analyzed displayed CST6 hypermethylation, indicating that this aberrant characteristic is common in breast malignancies. Finally, preinvasive and invasive breast tumor cells were microdissected from nine archival breast cancer specimens. Of the five tumors displaying CST6 gene methylation, four tumors displayed methylation in both ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive breast carcinoma lesions and reduced expression of cystatin M in these tumors was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. In summary, this study establishes that the tumor suppressor cystatin M is a novel target for epigenetic silencing during mammary tumorigenesis and that this aberrant event can occur before development of invasive breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingbao Ai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and University of Florida Shands Cancer Center Program in Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics, and Tumor Virology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ren K, Thinschmidt J, Liu J, Ai L, Papke RL, King MA, Hughes JA, Meyer EM. alpha7 Nicotinic receptor gene delivery into mouse hippocampal neurons leads to functional receptor expression, improved spatial memory-related performance, and tau hyperphosphorylation. Neuroscience 2007; 145:314-22. [PMID: 17218065 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2006] [Revised: 11/03/2006] [Accepted: 11/09/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain alpha7 nicotinic receptors have become therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on their memory-enhancing and neuroprotective actions. This study investigated the feasibility of increasing neuronal alpha7 receptor functions using a gene delivery approach based on neuron-selective recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-derived vectors. In order to determine whether alpha7 receptor-mediated cytotoxicity was dependent on receptor density, rat alpha7 nicotinic receptors were expressed at high concentrations in GH4C1 cells as measured with nicotine-displaceable [3H]methyllycaconitine (MLA) binding. The potency of GTS-21 (an alpha7 receptor agonist) to induce cell loss was similar in these cells to that seen in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells expressing nine-times-lower receptor levels, suggesting that cytotoxicity was more dependent on agonist concentration than receptor density. Hippocampal transduction with rat alpha7 nicotinic receptors increased [3H]MLA binding in this region in wild type and alpha7 receptor-knockout (KO) mice without apparent cytotoxicity. No difference was observed in Kd values for MLA binding between endogenous and transgenic receptors. Single cell recordings demonstrated that dentate granule cells that normally have no alpha7 receptor response did so following alpha7 receptor gene delivery in wild type mice. Recovery of alpha7 function was also observed in stratum oriens and stratum radiatum neurons of KO mice following gene delivery. Wild type mice exhibited improved acquisition performance in the Morris water task 1 month after bilateral hippocampal transductions with the rat alpha7 receptor gene compared with green fluorescent protein-transduced controls. However, both groups reached similar training levels and there was no difference in subsequent probe performance. Finally, this gene delivery approach was used to test whether alpha7 receptors affect tau-phosphorylation. Chronic (i.e. 2 month but not 2 week) expression of high levels of alpha7 receptors in hippocampus increased AT8 staining characteristic of hyperphosphorylated tau in that region, indicating that endogenous agonist-mediated receptor activation may be able to modulate this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Box 100494, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhu XQ, D'Amelio S, Gasser RB, Yang TB, Paggi L, He F, Lin RQ, Song HQ, Ai L, Li AX. Practical PCR tools for the delineation of Contracaecum rudolphii A and Contracaecum rudolphii B (Ascaridoidea: Anisakidae) using genetic markers in nuclear ribosomal DNA. Mol Cell Probes 2006; 21:97-102. [PMID: 17029878 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2006.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2006] [Revised: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 08/03/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Using genetic markers defined previously in the internal transcribed spacers (ITS-1 and ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), PCR-coupled restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and specific PCR assays were established for the specific detection of each of two morphologically indistinguishable operational taxonomic units (Contracaecum rudolphii A and Contracaecum rudolphii B) within Contracaecum rudolphii (s.l.) and their differentiation from Contracaecum septentrionale, a closely related congener. Application of these tools to C. rudolphii (s.l.) adults from Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (the Eurasian subspecies of the great cormorant) from Qinghai Lake in China, revealed C. rudolphii B to infect this host. This is the first report of C. rudolphii B in P. carbo sinensis outside of Europe (where it was originally detected), supporting the proposal that this species has a broad geographical distribution. Together with other methods, each of these molecular tools will be useful for investigating the ecology of C. rudolphii A and C. rudolphii B as well as C. septentrionale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Q Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Street, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, The People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ai L, Tao Q, Zhong S, Fields CR, Kim WJ, Lee MW, Cui Y, Brown KD, Robertson KD. Inactivation of Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) expression by epigenetic silencing is a common event in breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2006; 27:1341-8. [PMID: 16501252 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgi379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt signaling pathway is a powerful and prominent oncogenic mechanism dysregulated in numerous cancer types. While evidence from transgenic mouse models and studies of human tumors clearly indicate that this pathway is of likely importance in human breast cancer, few clues as to the exact molecular nature of Wnt dysregulation have been uncovered in this tumor type. Here, we show that the Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) gene, which encodes a secreted protein antagonistic to Wnt-dependent signaling, is targeted for epigenetic silencing in human breast cancer. We show that cultured human breast tumor cell lines display absent or low levels of WIF1 expression that are increased when cells are cultured with the DNA demethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Furthermore, the WIF1 promoter is aberrantly hypermethylated in these cells as judged by both methylation-specific PCR and bisulfite genomic sequencing. Using a panel of patient-matched breast tumors and normal breast tissue, we show that WIF1 expression is commonly diminished in breast tumors when compared with normal tissue and that this correlates with WIF1 promoter hypermethylation. Analysis of a panel of 24 primary breast tumors determined that the WIF1 promoter is aberrantly methylated in 67% of these tumors, indicating that epigenetic silencing of this gene is a frequent event in human breast cancer. Using an isogenic panel of cell lines proficient or deficient in the DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) DNMT1 and/or DNMT3B, we show that hypermethylation of the WIF1 promoter is attributable to the cooperative activity of both DNMT1 and DNMT3B. Our findings establish the WIF1 gene as a target for epigenetic silencing in breast cancer and provide a mechanistic link between the dysregulation of Wnt signaling and breast tumorigenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingbao Ai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and UF-Shands Cancer Center Program in Cancer Genetics, Epigenetics and Tumor Virology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|