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Smith RHB, Khan ZM, Ung PMU, Scopton AP, Silber L, Mack SM, Real AM, Schlessinger A, Dar AC. Type II Binders Targeting the "GLR-Out" Conformation of the Pseudokinase STRADα. Biochemistry 2021; 60:289-302. [PMID: 33440120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudokinases play important roles in signal transduction and cellular processes similar to those of catalytically competent kinases. However, pseudokinase pharmacological tractability and conformational space accessibility are poorly understood. Pseudokinases have only recently been suggested to adopt "inactive" conformations or interact with conformation-specific kinase inhibitors (e.g., type II compounds). In this work, the heavily substituted pseudokinase STRADα, which possesses a DFG → GLR substitution in the catalytic site that permits nucleotide binding while impairing divalent cation coordination, is used as a test case to demonstrate the potential applicability of conformation-specific, type II compounds to pseudokinase pharmacology. Integrated structural modeling is employed to generate a "GLR-out" conformational ensemble. Likely interacting type II compounds are identified through virtual screening against this ensemble model. Biophysical validation of compound binding is demonstrated through protein thermal stabilization and ATP competition. Localization of a top-performing compound through surface methylation strongly suggests that STRADα can adopt the "GLR-out" conformation and interact with compounds that comply with the standard type II pharmacophore. These results suggest that, despite a loss of catalytic function, some pseudokinases, including STRADα, may retain the conformational switching properties of conventional protein kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H B Smith
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Zaigham M Khan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Peter Man-Un Ung
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Alex P Scopton
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Lisa Silber
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Seshat M Mack
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Alexander M Real
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Avner Schlessinger
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Arvin C Dar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
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Yu JX, Craig AJ, Duffy ME, Villacorta-Martin C, Miguela V, Ruiz de Galarreta M, Scopton AP, Silber L, Maldonado AY, Rialdi A, Guccione E, Lujambio A, Villanueva A, Dar AC. Phenotype-Based Screens with Conformation-Specific Inhibitors Reveal p38 Gamma and Delta as Targets for HCC Polypharmacology. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1506-1519. [PMID: 31213506 PMCID: PMC7017390 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The approved kinase inhibitors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not matched to specific mutations within tumors. This has presented a daunting challenge; without a clear target or mechanism, no straightforward path has existed to guide the development of improved therapies for HCC. Here, we combine phenotypic screens with a class of conformation-specific kinase inhibitors termed type II to identify a multikinase inhibitor, AD80, with antitumoral activity across a variety of HCC preclinical models, including mouse xenografts. Mass spectrometry profiling found a number of kinases as putative targets for AD80, including several receptor and cytoplasmic protein kinases. Among these, we found p38 gamma and delta as direct targets of AD80. Notably, a closely related analog of AD80 lacking p38δ/γ activity, but retaining several other off-target kinases, lost significant activity in several HCC models. Moreover, forced and sustained MKK6 → p38→ATF2 signaling led to a significant reduction of AD80 activity within HCC cell lines. Together with HCC survival data in The Cancer Genome Atlas and RNA-seq analysis, we suggest p38 delta and gamma as therapeutic targets in HCC and an "AD80 inhibition signature" as identifying those patients with best clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xin Yu
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Amanda J Craig
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Mary E Duffy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Carlos Villacorta-Martin
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Verónica Miguela
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Precision Immunology Institute at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Marina Ruiz de Galarreta
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Precision Immunology Institute at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Alexander P Scopton
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lisa Silber
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Andres Y Maldonado
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Alexander Rialdi
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Amaia Lujambio
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Precision Immunology Institute at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Augusto Villanueva
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Liver Cancer Program, Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Arvin C Dar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, The Tisch Cancer Institute, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Sonoshita M, Scopton AP, Ung PMU, Murray MA, Silber L, Maldonado AY, Real A, Schlessinger A, Cagan RL, Dar AC. A whole-animal platform to advance a clinical kinase inhibitor into new disease space. Nat Chem Biol 2018; 14:291-298. [PMID: 29355849 PMCID: PMC5931369 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic tailoring of approved drugs for new indications is often difficult, as the most appropriate targets may not be readily apparent, and therefore few roadmaps exist to guide chemistry. Here, we report a multidisciplinary approach for accessing novel target and chemical space starting from an FDA-approved kinase inhibitor. By combining chemical and genetic modifier screening with computational modeling, we identify distinct kinases that strongly enhance ('pro-targets') or limit ('anti-targets') whole-animal activity of the clinical kinase inhibitor sorafenib in a Drosophila medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) model. We demonstrate that RAF-the original intended sorafenib target-and MKNK kinases function as pharmacological liabilities because of inhibitor-induced transactivation and negative feedback, respectively. Through progressive synthetic refinement, we report a new class of 'tumor calibrated inhibitors' with unique polypharmacology and strongly improved therapeutic index in fly and human MTC xenograft models. This platform provides a rational approach to creating new high-efficacy and low-toxicity drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Sonoshita
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Systems Neuropharmacology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alex P Scopton
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter M U Ung
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew A Murray
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Lisa Silber
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andres Y Maldonado
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexander Real
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Avner Schlessinger
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ross L Cagan
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Arvin C Dar
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Abstract
Venom sac extract of the Oriental hornet significantly prolongs the prothrombin time and the activated partial thromboplastin time both in vitro in human plasma and in vivo in cats. Activity of factors VIII and IX in plasma is reduced to less than 1% within 5 min even with 1 microgram of venom sac extract per ml. The activity of purified factor VIII, as well as semipurified factors IX and X, in factor IX complex was also significantly reduced after incubation with the venom. The decrease of factors II, V, VII, X, XI and XII activity to 9%, 11%, 11%, 29%, 1.7% and 0.7% of normal, respectively, is dose- and time-dependent. Thrombin time, plasma fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products are not affected. The anticoagulant activity is not reversed by dialysis and is abolished completely by heating; it resides mainly in fractions with mol.wts above 5000. The venom has a proteolytic activity on 14C-globin which is partially inhibited by trasylol and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. Thus, the venom sac extract exhibits both serine and metaloprotease activities which may affect the activity of the plasma coagulation factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kornberg
- Department of Hematology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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