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Montone RA, Rinaldi R, Masciocchi C, Lilli L, Damiani A, La Vecchia G, Iannaccone G, Basile M, Salzillo C, Caffè A, Bonanni A, De Pascale G, Grieco DL, Tanzarella ES, Buonsenso D, Murri R, Fantoni M, Liuzzo G, Sanna T, Richeldi L, Sanguinetti M, Massetti M, Trani C, Tshomba Y, Gasbarrini A, Valentini V, Antonelli M, Crea F. Vaccines and Myocardial Injury in Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 Infection: the CardioCOVID-Gemelli Study. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes 2024:qcae016. [PMID: 38414273 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial injury is prevalent among patients hospitalized for COVID-19. However, the role of COVID-19 vaccines in modifying the risk of myocardial injury is unknown. OBJECTIVES To assess the role of vaccines in modifying the risk of myocardial injury in COVID-19. METHODS We enrolled COVID-19 patients admitted from March 2021 to February 2022 with known vaccination status and ≥1 assessment of hs-cTnI within 30 days from the admission. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of myocardial injury (hs-cTnI levels >99th percentile upper reference limit). RESULTS 1019 patients were included (mean age 67.7±14.8 years, 60.8% male, 34.5% vaccinated against COVID-19). Myocardial injury occurred in 145 (14.2%) patients. At multivariate logistic regression analysis, advanced age, chronic kidney disease and hypertension, but not vaccination status, were independent predictors of myocardial injury. In the analysis according to age tertiles distribution, myocardial injury occurred more frequently in the III tertile (≥76 years) compared to other tertiles (I tertile:≤60 years;II tertile:61-75 years) (p<0.001). Moreover, in the III tertile, vaccination was protective against myocardial injury (OR 0.57, CI 95% 0.34-0.94; p=0.03), while a previous history of coronary artery disease was an independent positive predictor. In contrast, in the I tertile, chronic kidney disease (OR 6.94, 95% CI 1.31-36.79, p=0.02) and vaccination (OR 4.44, 95% CI 1.28-15.34, p=0.02) were independent positive predictors of myocardial injury. CONCLUSIONS In patients ≥76 years, COVID-19 vaccines were protective for the occurrence of myocardial injury, while in patients ≤60 years, myocardial injury was associated with previous COVID-19 vaccination. Further studies are warranted to clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocco Antonio Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rinaldi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Livia Lilli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Damiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Giulia La Vecchia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Iannaccone
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Basile
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Salzillo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Caffè
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro De Pascale
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS; Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Luca Grieco
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS; Rome, Italy
| | - Eloisa Sofia Tanzarella
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS; Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Buonsenso
- Department of Women's health, child health and public health sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Murri
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Fantoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Tommaso Sanna
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Richeldi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensive and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Trani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Yamume Tshomba
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Valentini
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Radiotherapy, Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Radiological and Hematological Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Antonelli
- Department of Emergency, Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS; Rome, Italy
- Istituto di Anestesiologia e Rianimazione, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Lilli L, Giarnieri E, Scardapane S. A Calibrated Multiexit Neural Network for Detecting Urothelial Cancer Cells. Comput Math Methods Med 2021; 2021:5569458. [PMID: 34234839 PMCID: PMC8216797 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5569458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Deep convolutional networks have become a powerful tool for medical imaging diagnostic. In pathology, most efforts have been focused in the subfield of histology, while cytopathology (which studies diagnostic tools at the cellular level) remains underexplored. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning model for cancer detection from urinary cytopathology screening images. We leverage recent ideas from the field of multioutput neural networks to provide a model that can efficiently train even on small-scale datasets, such as those typically found in real-world scenarios. Additionally, we argue that calibration (i.e., providing confidence levels that are aligned with the ground truth probability of an event) has been a major shortcoming of prior works, and we experiment a number of techniques to provide a well-calibrated model. We evaluate the proposed algorithm on a novel dataset, and we show that the combination of focal loss, multiple outputs, and temperature scaling provides a model that is significantly more accurate and calibrated than a baseline deep convolutional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Lilli
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - E. Giarnieri
- Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - S. Scardapane
- Department of Information Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications (DIET), Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Maranesi M, Zerani M, Lilli L, Dall'Aglio C, Brecchia G, Gobbetti A, Boiti C. Expression of luteal estrogen receptor, interleukin-1, and apoptosis-associated genes after PGF2alpha administration in rabbits at different stages of pseudopregnancy. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2010; 39:116-30. [PMID: 20427144 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2009] [Revised: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The dynamic expression for estrogen receptor subtype-1 (ESR1), interleukin-1beta (IL1B), and apoptosis-associated genes, as well as nitric oxide synthase activity, were examined in corpora lutea (CL) of rabbits after prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) administration on either day 4 or day 9 of pseudopregnancy. By reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, the steady-state level of ESR1 transcript was lower (P < 0.01) and that of anti-apoptotic B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) -like 1 (BCL2L1) was greater in day 4 (P < 0.01) than in day 9 CL. Western blot analysis revealed that BCL2-associated X protein (BAX) abundance was greater in day 4 (P < 0.01) than in day 9 CL, whereas BCL2L1 protein was undetectable at both luteal stages. After PGF(2alpha), ESR1 transcript decreased (P < 0.01) in day 9 CL, whereas IL1B mRNA showed a transitory increase (P < 0.01) at both stages. The pro-apoptotic tumor protein p53 (TP53) gene had diminished (P < 0.01) on day 4 and on day 9 after a transitory increase (P < 0.01), whereas the BAX/BCL2L1 expression ratio increased (P < 0.01) in day 9 CL 24 h after treatment. Following PGF(2alpha), TP53 protein increased (P < 0.01) at both luteal stages, and BAX decreased (P < 0.01) in day 4 CL but increased (P < 0.01) 24 h later in day 9 CL; BCL2L1 became detectable 6 h later in day 4 CL. Nitric oxide synthase activity temporarily increased (P < 0.01) following PGF(2alpha). These findings suggest that PGF(2alpha) regulates luteolysis by ESR1 mRNA down-regulation and modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways in CL that have acquired a luteolytic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maranesi
- Department of Veterinary Biopathological Science, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Section of Physiology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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