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Fontaine V, Balducci C, Dinan L, Monteiro E, Boumedine T, Fournié M, Nguyen V, Guibout L, Clatot J, Latil M, Veillet S, Sahel JA, Lafont R, Dilda PJ, Camelo S. Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Photo- and Neuro-Protective Properties of BIO203, a New Amide Conjugate of Norbixin, in Development for the Treatment of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5296. [PMID: 36982372 PMCID: PMC10049354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
9'-cis-norbixin (norbixin/BIO201) protects RPE cells against phototoxicity induced by blue light and N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E) in vitro and preserves visual functions in animal models of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in vivo. The purpose of this study was to examine the mode of action and the in vitro and in vivo effects of BIO203, a novel norbixin amide conjugate. Compared to norbixin, BIO203 displays improved stability at all temperatures tested for up to 18 months. In vitro, BIO203 and norbixin share a similar mode of action involving the inhibition of PPARs, NF-κB, and AP-1 transactivations. The two compounds also reduce IL-6, IL-8, and VEGF expression induced by A2E. In vivo, ocular maximal concentration and BIO203 plasma exposure are increased compared to those of norbixin. Moreover, BIO203 administered systemically protects visual functions and retinal structure in albino rats subjected to blue-light illumination and in the retinal degeneration model of Abca4-/- Rdh8-/- double knock-out mice following 6 months of oral complementation. In conclusion, we report here that BIO203 and norbixin share similar modes of action and protective effects in vitro and in vivo. BIO203, with its improved pharmacokinetic and stability properties, could be developed for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases such as AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Fontaine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; (V.F.)
| | - Christine Balducci
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Laurence Dinan
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Elodie Monteiro
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; (V.F.)
| | - Thinhinane Boumedine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; (V.F.)
| | - Mylène Fournié
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; (V.F.)
| | - Vincent Nguyen
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; (V.F.)
| | - Louis Guibout
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Justine Clatot
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Mathilde Latil
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Stanislas Veillet
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France; (V.F.)
- Fondation Ophtalmologique Rothschild, 29 rue Manin, 75019 Paris, France
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - René Lafont
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Pierre J. Dilda
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
| | - Serge Camelo
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, BC9, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France (S.C.)
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Bertho G, Oumezziane IE, Caradeuc C, Guibout L, Balducci C, Dinan L, Dilda PJ, Camelo S, Lafont R, Giraud N. Structural analysis of unstable norbixin isomers guided by pure shift nuclear magnetic resonance. Magn Reson Chem 2022; 60:504-514. [PMID: 35075680 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the analysis of complex samples obtained during the microwave irradiation/heating of norbixin, which has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this context, identifying the different isomers that are obtained during its degradation is of primary importance. However, this characterization is challenging because, on the one hand, some of these isomers are unstable, and on the other hand, the 1 H spectra of these isomeric mixtures are poorly resolved. We could successfully apply 1D pure shift experiments to obtain ultrahigh-resolution 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of the norbixin isomer samples and exploit their information content to analyze complementary 2D NMR data and describe accurately their isomeric composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gildas Bertho
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, France
| | - Imed Eddine Oumezziane
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, France
| | - Cédric Caradeuc
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - René Lafont
- Biophytis, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- Paris-Seine Biology Institute (BIOSIPE), CNRS, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Giraud
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, Paris, France
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Lafont R, Serova M, Didry-Barca B, Raynal S, Guibout L, Dinan L, Veillet S, Latil M, Dioh W, Dilda PJ. 20-Hydroxyecdysone activates the protective arm of the RAAS via the MAS receptor. J Mol Endocrinol 2021; 68:77-87. [PMID: 34825653 DOI: 10.1530/jme-21-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is a steroid hormone that plays a key role in insect development through nuclear ecdysteroid receptors (EcR/RXR complex) and at least one membrane GPCR receptor (DopEcR). It also displays numerous pharmacological effects in mammals, where its mechanism of action is still debated, involving either an unidentified GPCR or the estrogen ERβ receptor. The goal of this study was to better understand 20E mechanism of action in mammals. A mouse myoblast cell line (C2C12) and the gene expression of myostatin (a negative regulator of muscle growth) were used as a reporter system of anabolic activity. Experiments using protein-bound 20E established the involvement of a membrane receptor. 20E-like effects were also observed with angiotensin(1-7), the endogenous ligand of MAS. Additionally, the effect on myostatin gene expression was abolished by Mas receptor knock-down using siRNA or pharmacological inhibitors. 17β-Estradiol (E2) also inhibited myostatin gene expression, but protein-bound E2 was inactive, and E2 activity was not abolished by angiotensin(1-7) antagonists. A mechanism involving cooperation between the MAS receptor and a membrane-bound palmitoylated estrogen receptor is proposed. The possibility to activate the MAS receptor with a safe steroid molecule is consistent with the pleiotropic pharmacological effects of ecdysteroids in mammals and, indeed, the proposed mechanism may explain the close similarity between the effects of angiotensin(1-7) and 20E. Our findings open up many possible therapeutic developments involving stimulation of the protective arm of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) with 20E.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Lafont
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS -Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (BIOSIPE), Paris, France
| | - Maria Serova
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Waly Dioh
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, Paris, France
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Dinan L, Balducci C, Guibout L, Foucault AS, Bakrim A, Kumpun S, Girault JP, Tourette C, Dioh W, Dilda PJ, Veillet S, Lafont R. Ecdysteroid metabolism in mammals: The fate of ingested 20-hydroxyecdysone in mice and rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 212:105896. [PMID: 33819630 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Phytoecdysteroids are molecules derived from sterol metabolism and found in many plants. They display a wide array of pharmacological effects on mammals (e.g. anabolic, anti-diabetic). Although these effects have been long established, the molecular targets involved remain to be identified. Like endogenous steroid hormones and bile acids, which are biochemically related, ingested or injected phytoecdysteroids undergo a set of reactions in mammals leading to the formation of numerous metabolites, only some of which have been so far identified, and it is presently unknown whether they represent active metabolites or inactivation products. In the large intestine, ecdysteroids undergo efficient 14-dehydroxylation. Other changes (reductions, epimerization, side-chain cleavage) are also observed, but whether these occur in the liver and/or large intestine is not known. The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), the most common phytoecdysteroid, when administered to mice and rats, using, when required, tritium-labelled molecules to permit metabolic tracking. Bioavailability, the distribution of radioactivity and the kinetics of formation of metabolites were followed for 24-48 hours after ingestion and qualitative and quantitative analyses of circulating and excreted compounds were performed. In mice, the digestive tract always contains the majority of the ingested 20E. Within 30 min after ingestion, 20E reaches the large intestine, where microorganisms firstly remove the 14-hydroxyl group and reduce the 6-one. Then a very complex set of metabolites (not all of which have yet been identified) appears, which correspond to poststerone derivatives formed in the liver. We have observed that these compounds (like bile acids) undergo an entero-hepatic cycle, involving glucuronide conjugation in the liver and subsequent deconjugation in the intestine. Despite the very short half-life of ecdysteroids in mammals, this entero-hepatic cycle helps to maintain their plasma levels at values which, albeit low (≤0.2 μM), would be sufficient to evoke several pharmacological effects. Similar 20E metabolites were observed in mice and rats; they include in particular 14-deoxy-20E, poststerone and 14-deoxypoststerone and their diverse reduction products; the major products of this metabolism have been unambiguously identified. The major sites of metabolism of exogenous ecdysteroids in mammals are the large intestine and the liver. The entero-hepatic cycle contributes to the metabolism and to maintaining a low, but pharmacologically significant, concentration of ecdysteroids in the blood for ca. 24 h after ingestion. These data, together with parallel in vitro experiments provide a basis for the identification of 20E metabolite(s) possibly involved in the physiological effects associated with ecdysteroids in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Dinan
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (BIOSIPE), 75005, Paris, France.
| | - C Balducci
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - L Guibout
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - A-S Foucault
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - A Bakrim
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (BIOSIPE), 75005, Paris, France; Research Team in Biological Engineering, Agri-food and Aquaculture, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Larache, 92000, Morocco.
| | - S Kumpun
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (BIOSIPE), 75005, Paris, France; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, SuanSunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand.
| | - J-P Girault
- Paris University, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270, Paris Cedex 06, France.
| | - C Tourette
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - W Dioh
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - P J Dilda
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - S Veillet
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - R Lafont
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université - BC9, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, CNRS - Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (BIOSIPE), 75005, Paris, France.
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Balducci C, Dinan L, Guibout L, Foucault AS, Carbonne C, Durand JD, Caradeuc C, Bertho G, Girault JP, Lafont R. The complex metabolism of poststerone in male rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 212:105897. [PMID: 33862260 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ecdysteroids are not endogenous to mammals, but are normal components of the food intake of many mammalian species consuming phytoecdysteroid-containing plants. The most frequently encountered phytoecdysteroid is 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Several pharmaceutical effects have been observed after ecdysteroid injection or ingestion, but it is not clear to what extent metabolites generated in the mammalian body contribute to these effects. The C21-ecdysteroid poststerone (Post) is a metabolite of 20E in rodents. Post analogues are key intermediates in the metabolism of exogenous ecdysteroids possessing a C20/22-diol. The pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and metabolism of Post have been assessed in male rats after ingestion and injection. The bioavailability of Post is significantly greater than that of 20E and the presence of an efficient entero-hepatic cycle allows Post to be effectively metabolised to a wide range of metabolites which are excreted mainly in the faeces, but also to some extent in the urine. Several of the major metabolites in the bile have been identified unambiguously as 3-epi-poststerone, 16α-hydroxypoststerone, 21-hydroxypoststerone and 3-epi-21-hydroxypoststerone. Conjugates are also present. Parallels are drawn to the metabolism of endogenous vertebrate steroid hormones, to which Post bears more similarity than 20E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Balducci
- Biophytis SA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Laurence Dinan
- Biophytis SA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | - Louis Guibout
- Biophytis SA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
| | | | - Christel Carbonne
- Biophytis SA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France; Metabrain Research, 19 Ave du Professeur Cadiot, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Jean-Denis Durand
- Metabrain Research, 19 Ave du Professeur Cadiot, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France.
| | - Cédric Caradeuc
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
| | - Gildas Bertho
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
| | - Jean-Pierre Girault
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France.
| | - René Lafont
- Biophytis SA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UPMC (Université Paris 06), IBPS - BIOSIPE, F-75005 Paris, France.
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Dinan L, Balducci C, Guibout L, Lafont R. Small-scale analysis of phytoecdysteroids in seeds by HPLC-DAD-MS for the identification and quantification of specific analogues, dereplication and chemotaxonomy. Phytochem Anal 2020; 31:643-661. [PMID: 32182633 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phytoecdysteroids are analogues of arthropod steroids occurring in plants. They contribute to invertebrate deterrence. A wide diversity of ecdysteroids occurs in phytoecdysteroid-containing plant species, sometimes in high amounts. Ecdysteroids demonstrate potentially useful pharmaceutical actions in mammals. OBJECTIVES Establish reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (RP-HPLC-MS/MS) and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS (diode array detector mass spectrometry) methods for the separation, identification and quantification of ecdysteroids to screen for species containing significant amounts of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and other useful ecdysteroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Micro-extracts of seed samples (ca. 30 mg) in 50% ethanol were subjected to RP-SPE (solid-phase extraction) purification prior to analysis by RP-HPLC-MS/MS and RP-HPLC-DAD-MS. The method was initially applied to genera (Amaranthus, Centaurea, Lychnis, Ourisia, Serratula, Silene and Trollius) where high-accumulating species had been previously encountered. Seeds of 160 randomly selected species, many of which have not previously been assessed, were then analysed. HPLC-MS/MS with a short analysis time initially identifies ecdysteroid-positive extracts and quantifies 20E. The positive extracts (20 ng 20E) are then analysed by HPLC-MS/MS with a longer analysis time to identify and quantify 17 common phytoecdysteroids and, finally, HPLC-DAD-MS (0.1-0.25 μg 20E) is used to obtain UV- and MS-spectra to confirm identifications or as a basis for characterisation of partially identified or novel analogues. RESULTS Lychnis coronaria, Silene fimbriata and Silene hookeri ecdysteroids are characterised for the first time and those of Cucubalus baccifer and Ipheion uniflorum are more extensively characterised. CONCLUSIONS The procedure provides a rapid/sensitive method for screening small plant samples for the presence, quantification and identification of ecdysteroids. It permits ready dereplication of samples, identifying extracts containing large amounts or novel analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - René Lafont
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Paris-Seine Biology Institute (BIOSIPE), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Fontaine V, Monteiro E, Fournié M, Brazhnikova E, Boumedine T, Vidal C, Balducci C, Guibout L, Latil M, Dilda PJ, Veillet S, Sahel JA, Lafont R, Camelo S. Systemic administration of the di-apocarotenoid norbixin (BIO201) is neuroprotective, preserves photoreceptor function and inhibits A2E and lipofuscin accumulation in animal models of age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6151-6171. [PMID: 32255762 PMCID: PMC7185133 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Atrophic A\age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Stargardt disease (STGD) are major blinding diseases affecting millions of patients worldwide, but no treatment is available. In dry AMD and STGD oxidative stress and subretinal accumulation of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E), a toxic by-product of the visual cycle, causes retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor degeneration leading to visual impairment. Acute and chronic retinal degeneration following blue light damage (BLD) in BALB/c mice and aging of Abca4-/- Rdh8-/- mice, respectively, reproduce features of AMD and STGD. Efficacy of systemic administrations of 9'-cis-norbixin (norbixin), a natural di-apocarotenoid, prepared from Bixa orellana seeds with anti-oxidative properties, was evaluated during BLD in BALB/c mice, and in Abca4-/- Rdh8-/- mice of different ages, following three experimental designs: “preventive”, “early curative” and “late curative” supplementations. Norbixin injected intraperitoneally in BALB/c mice, maintained scotopic and photopic electroretinogram amplitude and was neuroprotective. Norbixin chronic oral administration for 6 months in Abca4-/- Rdh8-/- mice following the “early curative” supplementation showed optimal neuroprotection and maintenance of photoreceptor function and reduced ocular A2E accumulation. Thus, norbixin appears promising as a systemic drug candidate for both AMD and STGD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Fontaine
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France
| | - Elodie Monteiro
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France
| | - Mylène Fournié
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France
| | - Elena Brazhnikova
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France
| | | | - Cécile Vidal
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France
| | - Christine Balducci
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Louis Guibout
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Mathilde Latil
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Pierre J Dilda
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Stanislas Veillet
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - José-Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris 75012, France
| | - René Lafont
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
| | - Serge Camelo
- Biophytis, Sorbonne Université, Campus Pierre and Marie Curie, Paris 75005, France
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Fontaine V, Monteiro E, Fournie M, Bonnard B, On S, Serova M, Balducci C, Guibout L, Sahel J, Veillet S, Dilda P, Lafont R. Involvement of peroxisome proliferator activator receptors in the photoprotective activity of the di-apo-carotenoid norbixin on RPE cells. Acta Ophthalmol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2017.0f070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Fournie
- Institut De La Vision/UPMC; Paris France
| | - B. Bonnard
- Institut De La Vision/UPMC; Paris France
| | | | | | | | | | - J.A. Sahel
- Institut De La Vision/UPMC; Paris France
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9
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Fontaine V, Monteiro E, Brazhnikova E, Lesage L, Balducci C, Guibout L, Feraille L, Elena PP, Sahel JA, Veillet S, Lafont R. Norbixin Protects Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells and Photoreceptors against A2E-Mediated Phototoxicity In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167793. [PMID: 27992460 PMCID: PMC5161507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of N-retinylidene-N-retinylethanolamine (A2E, a toxic by-product of the visual pigment cycle) in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a major cause of visual impairment in the elderly. Photooxidation of A2E results in retinal pigment epithelium degeneration followed by that of associated photoreceptors. Present treatments rely on nutrient supplementation with antioxidants. 9’-cis-Norbixin (a natural diapocarotenoid, 97% purity) was prepared from Bixa orellana seeds. It was first evaluated in primary cultures of porcine retinal pigment epithelium cells challenged with A2E and illuminated with blue light, and it provided an improved photo-protection as compared with lutein or zeaxanthin. In Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice (a model of dry AMD), intravitreally-injected norbixin maintained the electroretinogram and protected photoreceptors against light damage. In a standard rat blue-light model of photodamage, norbixin was at least equally as active as phenyl-N-tert-butylnitrone, a free radical spin-trap. Chronic experiments performed with Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice treated orally for 3 months with norbixin showed a reduced A2E accumulation in the retina. Norbixin appears promising for developing an oral treatment of macular degeneration. A drug candidate (BIO201) with 9’-cis-norbixin as the active principle ingredient is under development, and its potential will be assessed in a forthcoming clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Fontaine
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Elodie Monteiro
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, Paris, France
| | - Elena Brazhnikova
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, Paris, France
| | - Laëtitia Lesage
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, Paris, France
| | - Christine Balducci
- Biophytis, Parc BIOCITECH, 102 Avenue Gaston Roussel, Romainville, France
| | - Louis Guibout
- Biophytis, Parc BIOCITECH, 102 Avenue Gaston Roussel, Romainville, France
| | | | | | - José-Alain Sahel
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 Rue Moreau, Paris, France
| | - Stanislas Veillet
- Biophytis, Parc BIOCITECH, 102 Avenue Gaston Roussel, Romainville, France
| | - René Lafont
- Biophytis, Parc BIOCITECH, 102 Avenue Gaston Roussel, Romainville, France
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Guibout L, Mamadalieva N, Balducci C, Girault JP, Lafont R. The minor ecdysteroids from Ajuga turkestanica. Phytochem Anal 2015; 26:293-300. [PMID: 25953625 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ajuga turkestanica is a plant used in traditional medicine for its high ecdysteroid content, including the presence of the particularly active turkesterone, which possess efficient anabolic activity. OBJECTIVES To isolate and identify minor ecdysteroids present in a semi-purified plant fraction containing ca. 70% turkesterone. MATERIAL AND METHODS Multi-step preparative HPLC (combining RP- and NP-HPLC systems) was used to purify the different components present in the turkesterone fraction. Isolated compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry and 2D-NMR. RESULTS Fourteen ecdysteroids (including turkesterone and 20-hydroxyecdysone) were isolated. Seven of these, all bearing an 11α-hydroxy group, were previously unreported. CONCLUSION Ajuga turkestanica ecdysteroids are characterised by the abundance of 11α-hydroxylated compounds and by the simultaneous presence of 24C, 27C, 28C and 29C ecdysteroids. It is expected that even more ecdysteroids are to be found in this plant since the starting material for this study lacked the less polar ecdysteroids. The simultaneous presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone and turkesterone (its 11α-hydroxy analogue) as the two major ecdysteroids suggests that every ecdysteroid is probably present in both 11α-hydroxy and 11-deoxy forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Guibout
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS-BIOSIPE, CNRS FR 3631, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Case Courrier 29, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
- Institut Biophytis, F-93230, Romainville, France
| | - Nilufar Mamadalieva
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Mirzo Ulugbek Str. 77, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Girault
- Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, F-75270, Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - René Lafont
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, IBPS-BIOSIPE, CNRS FR 3631, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Case Courrier 29, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France
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Bakrim A, Ngunjiri J, Crouzet S, Guibout L, Balducci C, Girault JP, Lafont R. Ecdysteroid Profiles of Two Ajuga species, A. iva and A. remota. Nat Prod Commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1400900804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoecdysteroids are plant analogues of insect moulting hormones and are used by plants to repel or disturb phytophagous insects. They are also active on mammals and present in many plants used in traditional medicine. The Ajuga genus contains several such species, which occur in various pharmacopoeias. We report the isolation and identification of major and minor ecdysteroids present in two Ajuga species, A. iva and A. remota, both of which are used as medicinal plants in Africa. Three minor ecdysteroids (abutasterone, ponasterone A and sidisterone) have been found for the first time in the Ajuga genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Bakrim
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IBPS-BIOSIPE, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Case Courrier 29, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Département de Géographie-Biologie-Géologie (GBG), Faculté Polydisciplinaire de Khouribga, Université Hassan I, Morocco
| | | | - Sophie Crouzet
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IBPS-BIOSIPE, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Case Courrier 29, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Louis Guibout
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IBPS-BIOSIPE, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Case Courrier 29, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Institut Biophytis, F-93230 Romainville, France
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Girault
- Université Paris Descartes, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS UMR 8601, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, F-75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - René Lafont
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IBPS-BIOSIPE, 7 Quai Saint Bernard, Case Courrier 29, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Bakrim A, Ngunjiri J, Crouzet S, Guibout L, Balducci C, Girault JP, Lafont R. Ecdysteroid profiles of two Ajuga species, A. iva and A. remota. Nat Prod Commun 2014; 9:1069-1074. [PMID: 25233576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoecdysteroids are plant analogues of insect moulting hormones and are used by plants to repel or disturb phytophagous insects. They are also active on mammals and present in many plants used in traditional medicine. The Ajuga genus contains several such species, which occur in various pharmacopoeias. We report the isolation and identification of major and minor ecdysteroids present in two Ajuga species, A. iva and A. remota, both of which are used as medicinal plants in Africa. Three minor ecdysteroids (abutasterone, ponasterone A and sidisterone) have been found for the first time in the Ajuga genus.
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