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Souza LKM, Nogueira KM, Araújo TSL, Sousa NA, Sousa FBM, Oliveira AP, Sales T, Silva K, Rocha TM, Leal LKAM, Magalhães PJC, Souza MHLP, Medeiros JVR. Anti-diarrheal therapeutic potential of diminazene aceturate stimulation of the ACE II/Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor axis in mice: A trial study. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 186:114500. [PMID: 33684388 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin (Ang) II converting enzyme (ACE II) pathway has recently been shown to be associated with several beneficial effects on the body, especially on the cardiac system and gastrointestinal tract. ACE II is responsible for converting Ang II into the active peptide Ang-(1-7), which in turn binds to a metabotropic receptor, the Mas receptor (MasR). Recent studies have demonstrated that Diminazene Aceturate (DIZE), a trypanosomicide used in animals, activates the ACE II pathway. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal effects promoted by the administration of DIZE to activate the ACE II/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis in induced diarrhea mice models. The results show that activation of the ACE II pathway exerts antidiarrheal effects that reduce total diarrheal stools and enteropooling. In addition, it increases Na+/K+-ATPase activity and reduces gastrointestinal transit and thus inhibits contractions of intestinal smooth muscle; decreases transepithelial electrical resistance, epithelial permeability, PGE2-induced diarrhea, and proinflammatory cytokines; and increases anti-inflammatory cytokines. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that DIZE, when activating the ACE II/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis, can still interact with GM1 receptors, which reduces cholera toxin-induced diarrhea. Therefore, activation of the ACE II/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis can be an important pharmacological target for the treatment of diarrheal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan K M Souza
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar), Av. São Sebastião, n° 2819, CEP 64202-02 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Kerolayne M Nogueira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar), Av. São Sebastião, n° 2819, CEP 64202-02 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Nayara A Sousa
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar), Av. São Sebastião, n° 2819, CEP 64202-02 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisca B M Sousa
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar), Av. São Sebastião, n° 2819, CEP 64202-02 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Ana P Oliveira
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar), Av. São Sebastião, n° 2819, CEP 64202-02 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sales
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Karine Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Talita M Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Luzia K A M Leal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Pedro J C Magalhães
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Marcellus H L P Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE 60430-275, Brazil
| | - Jand V R Medeiros
- The Northeast Biotechnology Network (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI 64049-550, Brazil; Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Parnaíba Delta (UFDPar), Av. São Sebastião, n° 2819, CEP 64202-02 Parnaíba, PI, Brazil; Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Federal University of Parnaíba Delta, Parnaíba, PI 64202-020, Brazil
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Gonçalves RLG, Cunha FVM, Sousa-Neto BPS, Oliveira LSA, Lopes ME, Rezende DC, Sousa IJO, Nogueira KM, Souza LKM, Medeiros JVR, Wong DVT, Pereira VMP, Lima-Júnior RCP, Sousa DP, Oliveira CPC, Almeida FRC, de Assis Oliveira F. Correction to: α-Phellandrene attenuates tissular damage, oxidative stress, and TNF-α levels on acute model ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:2553-2554. [PMID: 33064165 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01994-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The published online version contains figure in poor quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L G Gonçalves
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - F V M Cunha
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - B P S Sousa-Neto
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - L S A Oliveira
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - M E Lopes
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - D C Rezende
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - I J O Sousa
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - K M Nogueira
- Experimental Physiopharmacology of Gastrointestinal Disorders, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, no 2819, Parnaíba, Piauí, 64202-020, Brazil
| | - L K M Souza
- Experimental Physiopharmacology of Gastrointestinal Disorders, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, no 2819, Parnaíba, Piauí, 64202-020, Brazil
| | - J V R Medeiros
- Experimental Physiopharmacology of Gastrointestinal Disorders, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, no 2819, Parnaíba, Piauí, 64202-020, Brazil
| | - D V T Wong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1127, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - V M P Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1127, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - R C P Lima-Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1127, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - D P Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58059-900, Brazil
| | - C P C Oliveira
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - F R C Almeida
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Assis Oliveira
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil.
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3
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Gonçalves RLG, Cunha FVM, Sousa-Neto BPS, Oliveira LSA, Lopes ME, Rezende DC, Sousa IJO, Nogueira KM, Souza LKM, Medeiros JVR, Wong DVT, Pereira VMP, Lima-Júnior RCP, Sousa DP, Oliveira CPC, Almeida FRC, Oliveira FDA. α-Phellandrene attenuates tissular damage, oxidative stress, and TNF-α levels on acute model ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2020; 393:1835-1848. [PMID: 32415495 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01869-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is the major dose-limiting adverse effect of the clinical use ifosfamide (IFOS). The incidence of this side effect can be as high as 75%. Mesna has been used to reduce the risk of HC, although 5% of patients who get IFOS treatment may still suffer from HC. In previous studies, our group demonstrated that α-phellandrene (α-PHE) possesses anti-inflammatory activity, which opens the door for its study in the attenuation of HC. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential uroprotective effect of the α-PHE in the mouse model of IFOS-induced HC. In order to analyze the reduction of the urothelial damage, the bladder wet weight, hemoglobin content, and the Evans blue dye extravasation from the bladder matrix were evaluated. To investigate the involvement of neutrophil migration and lipid peroxidation and involvement of enzymatic and endogenous non-enzymatic antioxidants, the tissue markers myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde, nitrite/nitrate (NOx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were evaluated. TNF-α and IL-1β were measured by ELISA immunoassay technique. The results show that pretreatment with α-PHE significantly reduced urothelial damage that was accompanied by a decrease in the activity of MPO, MDA, and NOx levels and prevention of the depletion of SOD and GSH in bladder tissues. In the assessment of cytokines, α-PHE was able to significantly reduce TNF-α level. However, it does not affect the activities of IL-1β. These data confirm that α-PHE exerts potent anti-inflammatory properties and demonstrates that α-PHE represents a promising therapeutic option for this pathological condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L G Gonçalves
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - F V M Cunha
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - B P S Sousa-Neto
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - L S A Oliveira
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - M E Lopes
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - D C Rezende
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - I J O Sousa
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - K M Nogueira
- Experimental Physiopharmacology of Gastrointestinal Disorders, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, no 2819, Parnaíba, Piauí, 64202-020, Brazil
| | - L K M Souza
- Experimental Physiopharmacology of Gastrointestinal Disorders, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, no 2819, Parnaíba, Piauí, 64202-020, Brazil
| | - J V R Medeiros
- Experimental Physiopharmacology of Gastrointestinal Disorders, Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, no 2819, Parnaíba, Piauí, 64202-020, Brazil
| | - D V T Wong
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1127, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - V M P Pereira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1127, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - R C P Lima-Júnior
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Rua Cel. Nunes de Melo, 1127, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60430-270, Brazil
| | - D P Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58059-900, Brazil
| | - C P C Oliveira
- Department of Community Medicine, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - F R C Almeida
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil
| | - Francisco de Assis Oliveira
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Federal University of Piauí, Av. Nossa Senhora de Fátima s/n, Teresina, PI, 64049-550, Brazil.
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Sousa NA, Oliveira GAL, de Oliveira AP, Lopes ALF, Iles B, Nogueira KM, Araújo TSL, Souza LKM, Araújo AR, Ramos-Jesus J, Plácido A, Amaral C, Campelo YDM, Barbosa EA, Portugal CC, Socodato R, Lobo A, Relvas J, Bemquerer M, Eaton P, Leite JRSA, Medeiros JVR. Novel Ocellatin Peptides Mitigate LPS-induced ROS Formation and NF-kB Activation in Microglia and Hippocampal Neurons. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2696. [PMID: 32060388 PMCID: PMC7021831 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous secretions of amphibians have bioactive compounds, such as peptides, with potential for biotechnological applications. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the primary structure and investigate peptides obtained from the cutaneous secretions of the amphibian, Leptodactylus vastus, as a source of bioactive molecules. The peptides obtained possessed the amino acid sequences, GVVDILKGAAKDLAGH and GVVDILKGAAKDLAGHLASKV, with monoisotopic masses of [M + H]± = 1563.8 Da and [M + H]± = 2062.4 Da, respectively. The molecules were characterized as peptides of the class of ocellatins and were named as Ocellatin-K1(1-16) and Ocellatin-K1(1-21). Functional analysis revealed that Ocellatin-K1(1-16) and Ocellatin-K1(1-21) showed weak antibacterial activity. However, treatment of mice with these ocellatins reduced the nitrite and malondialdehyde content. Moreover, superoxide dismutase enzymatic activity and glutathione concentration were increased in the hippocampus of mice. In addition, Ocellatin-K1(1-16) and Ocellatin-K1(1-21) were effective in impairing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and NF-kB activation in living microglia. We incubated hippocampal neurons with microglial conditioned media treated with LPS and LPS in the presence of Ocellatin-K1(1-16) and Ocellatin-K1(1-21) and observed that both peptides reduced the oxidative stress in hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, these ocellatins demonstrated low cytotoxicity towards erythrocytes. These functional properties suggest possible to neuromodulatory therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara A Sousa
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Guilherme A L Oliveira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Patrícia de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil
| | - André Luís F Lopes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Bruno Iles
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Kerolayne M Nogueira
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil.,Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba, FAHESP/IESVAP/NRE, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil.,Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba, FAHESP/IESVAP/NRE, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Alyne R Araújo
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Joilson Ramos-Jesus
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Piauí, Brazil.,Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba, FAHESP/IESVAP/NRE, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Plácido
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Constança Amaral
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, IMM, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Yuri D M Campelo
- Instituto de Educação Superior do Vale do Parnaíba, FAHESP/IESVAP/NRE, Parnaíba, Brazil
| | - Eder Alves Barbosa
- Laboratório de Síntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, LSAB, Instituto de Química, UnB, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Camila C Portugal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renato Socodato
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrea Lobo
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joao Relvas
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Peter Eaton
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciencias da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular, IMM, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunonologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Área Morfologia, Faculdade de Medicina, UnB, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Inflamação e Doenças Gastrintestinais, Universidade Federal do Delta do Parnaíba, UFDPar, Piauí, Brazil. .,Núcleo de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Piauí, UFPI, Piauí, Brazil.
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Oliveira AP, Souza LKM, Araújo TSL, Araújo SD, Nogueira KM, Sousa FBM, Silva RO, Pacífico DM, Martins CS, Brito GADC, Souza MHLP, Medeiros JVR. Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 Protects against Gastric Damage Induced by Ethanol Administration in Mice: Role of TRPV1/Substance P Axis. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11010208. [PMID: 30669695 PMCID: PMC6356937 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (DSM) on ethanol-induced gastric injury, and if its possible mechanism of action is related to inhibiting the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1). We evaluated the effect of supplementing 10⁸ CFU•g body wt-1•day-1 of DSM on ethanol-induced gastric injury. DSM significantly reduced the ulcer area (1.940 ± 1.121 mm²) with 3 days of pretreatment. The effects of DSM supplementation were reversed by Resiniferatoxin (RTX), TRPV1 agonist (3 nmol/kg p.o.). Substance P (SP) (1 μmol/L per 20 g) plus 50% ethanol resulted in hemorrhagic lesions, and DSM supplementation did not reverse the lesion area induced by administering SP. TRPV1 staining intensity was lower, SP, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite levels were reduced, and restored normal levels of antioxidant parameters (glutathione and superoxide dismutase) in the gastric mucosa in mice treated with DSM. In conclusion, DSM exhibited gastroprotective activity through decreased expression of TRPV1 receptor and decreasing SP levels, with a consequent reduction of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Simone de Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Kerolayne M Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Francisca Beatriz M Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
| | - Renan O Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Dvison M Pacífico
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
| | - Conceição S Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
| | - Gerly Anne de C Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, CEP 60430-170, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil.
| | - Marcellus H L P Souza
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, CEP 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, nº 2819, CEP 64202-02, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
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de Araújo S, Oliveira AP, Sousa FBM, Souza LKM, Pacheco G, Filgueiras MC, Nicolau LAD, Brito GAC, Cerqueira GS, Silva RO, Souza MHLP, Medeiros JVR. AMPK activation promotes gastroprotection through mutual interaction with the gaseous mediators H 2S, NO, and CO. Nitric Oxide 2018; 78:60-71. [PMID: 29857061 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) stimulates production of the gaseous mediators nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), which are involved in mucosal defense and gastroprotection. As AMPK itself has gastroprotective effects against several gastric ulcer etiologies, in the present study, we aimed to elucidate whether AMPK may also prevent ethanol-induced injury and play a key role in the associated gastroprotection mediated by hydrogen sulfide (H2S), NO, and CO. Mice were pretreated with AICAR (20 mg/kg, an AMPK activator) alone or with 50% ethanol. Other groups were pretreated with respective gaseous mediator inhibitors PAG, l-NAME, or ZnPP IX 30 min prior to AICAR, or with gaseous mediator donors NaHS, Lawesson's reagent and l-cysteine (H2S), SNP, l-Arginine (NO), Hemin, or CORM-2 (CO) 30 min prior to ethanol with or without compound C (10 mg/kg, a non-selective AMPK inhibitor). H2S, nitrate/nitrite (NO3-/NO2-), bilirubin levels, GSH and MDA concentration were evaluated in the gastric mucosa. The gastric mucosa was also collected for histopathological analysis and AMPK expression assessment by immunohistochemistry. Pretreatment with AICAR attenuated the ethanol-induced injury and increased H2S and bilirubin levels but not NO3-/NO2- levels in the gastric mucosa. In addition, inhibition of H2S, NO, or CO synthesis exacerbated the ethanol-induced gastric damage and inhibited the gastroprotection by AICAR. Pretreatment with compound C reversed the gastroprotective effect of NaHS, Lawesson's reagent, l-cysteine, SNP, l-Arginine, CORM-2, or Hemin. Compound C also reversed the effect of NaHS on H2S production, SNP on NO3-/NO2- levels, and Hemin on bilirubin levels. Immunohistochemistry revealed that AMPK is present at basal levels mainly in the gastric mucosa cells, and was increased by pretreatment with NaHS, SNP, and CORM-2. In conclusion, our findings indicate that AMPK activation exerts gastroprotection against ethanol-induced gastric damage and mutually interacts with H2S, NO, or CO to facilitate this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone de Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana P Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisca B M Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Pacheco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C Filgueiras
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Lucas A D Nicolau
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne C Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gilberto S Cerqueira
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Renan O Silva
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcellus H L P Souza
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (LAFIDG), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil.
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Santos P, Souza LKM, Araújo TSL, Medeiros JVR, Nunes SCC, Carvalho RA, Pais ACC, Veiga FJB, Nunes LC, Figueiras A. Methyl-β-cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex with β-Caryophyllene: Preparation, Characterization, and Improvement of Pharmacological Activities. ACS Omega 2017; 2:9080-9094. [PMID: 30023600 PMCID: PMC6044968 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a sesquiterpene that shows high potential in pharmacological applications. However, these have been drastically limited by the respective volatility and poor water solubility. The present study investigates the formation of inclusion complexes between BCP and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and shows that these complexes promote a significant improvement of the anti-inflammatory, gastric protection, and antioxidant activities relative to neat BCP. It is shown that the solubility of BCP is significantly increased through complexation in phase solubility studies. Inclusion complexes with MβCD in solid state were prepared by three different methods, kneading, rotary evaporation, and lyophilization, with the latter confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics studies. This study provides for the first time a full characterization of inclusion complexes between BCP and MβCD and highlights the impact of complex formation upon pharmacological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline
S. Santos
- Postgraduate
Program of Northeast Biotechnology Network, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Luan K. M. Souza
- Northeast
Biotechnology Network, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, 64202-020, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Thiago S. L. Araújo
- Northeast
Biotechnology Network, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, 64202-020, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R. Medeiros
- Northeast
Biotechnology Network, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, 64202-020, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Sandra C. C. Nunes
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, Department of Biochemistry, NMR Spectroscopy
Center, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, and REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui A. Carvalho
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, Department of Biochemistry, NMR Spectroscopy
Center, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, and REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alberto C. C. Pais
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, Department of Biochemistry, NMR Spectroscopy
Center, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, and REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco J. B. Veiga
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, Department of Biochemistry, NMR Spectroscopy
Center, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, and REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lívio C.
C. Nunes
- Postgraduate
Program of Northeast Biotechnology Network, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Department of Chemistry, CQC, Department of Biochemistry, NMR Spectroscopy
Center, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, and REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical
Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Alvarenga EM, Souza LKM, Araújo TSL, Nogueira KM, Sousa FBM, Araújo AR, Martins CS, Pacífico DM, de C Brito GA, Souza EP, Sousa DP, Medeiros JVR. Carvacrol reduces irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis through inhibition of inflammation and oxidative damage via TRPA1 receptor activation. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:129-140. [PMID: 27838229 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis is an inflammatory process occurring in the intestinal mucosa and is a common side effect of irinotecan hydrochloride (CPT-11) based anticancer regimens. The transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) receptor is highly expressed in the intestinal mucosa and has the ability to identify cell damage signaling indicates its possible association with intestinal mucositis. Carvacrol is an agonist of the TRPA1 receptor and has anti-inflammatory properties. Thus, the aim of the present study was to verify the supposed anti-inflammatory and protective action of carvacrol via TRPA1 activation against intestinal mucositis induced by CPT-11 in mice. Briefly, mice were treated with either DMSO 2% or CPT-11 (75 mg/kg, per 4 days, i.p.) or the carvacrol (25, 75 or 150 mg/kg, per 8 days, i.p.) before CPT-11. In other group, the animals were pretreated with HC-030031, a TRPA1 antagonist, 30 min before treatment with carvacrol. On day 7, animal survival and bacteremia were assessed, and following euthanasia, samples of the jejunum were obtained for morphometric analysis and measurement of antioxidant and pro-inflammatory markers. Carvacrol was found to exert an anti-inflammatory action against CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis through strong interactions with TRPA1 receptors; reduction in the production or release or both of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and KC); and decrease in other indicators of inflammation (MPO, NF-κB, COX-2) and oxidative stress (GSH, MDA, and NOx levels). It also contributed to the restoration of the tissue architecture of the villi and crypts in the small intestine, and improved clinical parameters such as survival, body mass variation, leukogram, and blood bacterial count. Thus, TRPA1 could be a target for future therapeutic approaches in the treatment of intestinal mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elenice M Alvarenga
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Kerolayne M Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisca Beatriz M Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Alyne R Araújo
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Conceição S Martins
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Dvison M Pacífico
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Gerly Anne de C Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel P Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Morphofunctional Sciences, Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Damião P Sousa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Gastrointestinal Disorders (Lafidg), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil.
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Carvalho NS, Silva MM, Silva RO, Nicolau LAD, Araújo TSL, Costa DS, Sousa NA, Souza LKM, Soares PMG, Medeiros JVR. Protective Effects of Simvastatin Against Alendronate-Induced Gastric Mucosal Injury in Rats. Dig Dis Sci 2016; 61:400-9. [PMID: 26403426 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3890-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been reported that simvastatin, a statin commonly prescribed for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, has gastroprotective effects in indomethacin and ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. However, the effects of simvastatin on alendronate-induced gastric mucosal injury remain unexplored. AIM This study investigated the use of simvastatin for the treatment of alendronate-induced gastric ulcers in rats. METHODS Female rats were pretreated with vehicle or simvastatin (20 and 60 mg/kg p.o.). After 1 h, the rats received alendronate (50 mg/kg p.o.). Simvastatin was administered once daily for 7 days, and from the fourth day of simvastatin treatment, alendronate was administered once daily for 4 days. On the final day of treatment, 4 h after alendronate administration, animals were euthanized, their stomachs were removed, and gastric damage was measured. Samples of the stomach were fixed in 10 % formalin immediately after their removal for subsequent histopathological assessment. Unfixed samples were weighed, frozen at -80 °C until assayed for glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and cytokine levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. A third group was used to measure mucus and gastric secretion. RESULTS Pretreatment with simvastatin prevented alendronate-induced macroscopic gastric damage and reduced the levels of MDA and GSH, TNF-α and IL-1β, MPO activity, and mucus levels, in the stomach. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the protective effects of simvastatin against alendronate-induced gastric ulceration. Maintenance of mucosal integrity, inhibition of neutrophil activity, and reduced oxidative stress associated with decreased gastric acidity may explain the gastroprotective effects of simvastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia S Carvalho
- Post Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Medicinal Plant Research Center (NPPM), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Mônica M Silva
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Renan O Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer (LAFICA), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lucas A D Nicolau
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer (LAFICA), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Thiago S L Araújo
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Douglas S Costa
- Post Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Medicinal Plant Research Center (NPPM), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Nayara A Sousa
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil
| | - Pedro M G Soares
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Inflammation and Cancer (LAFICA), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Post Graduation Program in Pharmacology, Medicinal Plant Research Center (NPPM), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil. .,Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology, Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research (BIOTEC), Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, PI, Brazil. .,BIOTEC/LAFFEX/UFPI, Av. São Sebastião, no. 2819, Parnaíba, PI, CEP 64202-020, Brazil.
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10
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Costa DS, Araújo TSL, Sousa NA, Souza LKM, Pacífico DM, Sousa FBM, Nicolau LAD, Chaves LS, Barros FCN, Freitas ALP, Medeiros JVR. Sulphated Polysaccharide Isolated from the Seaweed Gracilaria caudata
Exerts an Antidiarrhoeal Effect in Rodents. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2016; 118:440-8. [DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S. Costa
- Medicinal Plant Research Center; NPPM; Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology; Federal University of Piauí; Teresina Piauí Brazil
| | - Thiago S. L. Araújo
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research; BIOTEC; Federal University of Piauí; Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - Nayara A. Sousa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research; BIOTEC; Federal University of Piauí; Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - Luan K. M. Souza
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research; BIOTEC; Federal University of Piauí; Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - Dvison M. Pacífico
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research; BIOTEC; Federal University of Piauí; Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - Francisca Beatriz M. Sousa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research; BIOTEC; Federal University of Piauí; Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
| | - Lucas A. D. Nicolau
- Medicinal Plant Research Center; NPPM; Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology; Federal University of Piauí; Teresina Piauí Brazil
| | - Luciano S. Chaves
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
| | - Francisco Clark N. Barros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Ceará; Juazeiro do Norte Ceará Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia P. Freitas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R. Medeiros
- Medicinal Plant Research Center; NPPM; Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology; Federal University of Piauí; Teresina Piauí Brazil
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research; BIOTEC; Federal University of Piauí; Parnaíba Piauí Brazil
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11
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Araújo TSL, Costa DS, Sousa NA, Souza LKM, de Araújo S, Oliveira AP, Sousa FBM, Silva DA, Barbosa ALR, Leite JRSA, Medeiros JVR. Antidiarrheal activity of cashew GUM, a complex heteropolysaccharide extracted from exudate of Anacardium occidentale L. in rodents. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 174:299-307. [PMID: 26297843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) is commonly known as the cashew tree. It is native to tropical America and extracts of the leaves, bark, roots, chestnut net and exudate have been traditionally used in northeast Brazil for the treatment of various diseases. The exudate of the cashew tree (cashew gum) has been exploited by locals since ancient times for multiple applications, including the treatment of diarrheal diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The primary aim of the present study is to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of cashew gum (CG), a complex heteropolysaccharide from the exudate of the cashew tree, using various models. MATERIALS AND METHODS The antidiarrheal activity of cashew gum (CG) against acute diarrhea was investigated using the castor oil-induced diarrhea model. The effects of CG on gastrointestinal transit and castor oil- and PGE2- induced enteropooling were also examined in rodents. In addition, the effect of CG against secretory diarrhea was investigated using a model of fluid secretion in cholera toxin-treated intestinal closed loops in live mice. RESULTS Cashew gum (30, 60, and 90 mg/kg, p.o.) showed a significant (P<0.05-0.01) antidiarrheal effect in rats with castor oil-induced diarrhea, inhibiting the total amount of stool and diarrheal stools. The 60 mg/kg dose of CG exhibited excellent antidiarrheal activity and significantly reduced the severity of diarrhea (diarrhea scores) in rats. CG (60 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.05) decreased the volume of castor oil- and PGE2-induced intestinal fluid secretion (enteropooling). In addition, similar to loperamide (standard drug, 5 mg/kg, p.o.), CG treatment reduced the distance traveled by a charcoal meal in the 30-min gastrointestinal transit model by interacting with opioid receptors. In cholera toxin-induced secretory diarrhea, CG (60 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the intestinal fluid secretion and decreased Cl(-) ion loss in the cholera toxin(-)treated isolated loops model of live mice by competitively binding to cholera toxin-GM1 receptors. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results indicate that a complex heteropolysaccharide extracted from the exudate of A. occidentale L. has antidiarrheal activity in acute, inflammatory, and secretory diarrhea models, which could justify its traditional use in the treatment of diarrhea in northeast Brazil. The antidiarrheal activity might be explained by the capacity of CG to inhibit gastrointestinal motility and thereby reduce the accumulation of intestinal fluid and the secretion of water and chloride ions in the lumen of the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago S L Araújo
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Douglas S Costa
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, NPPM, Post-graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Nayara A Sousa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Luan K M Souza
- Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Simone de Araújo
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Ana Patrícia Oliveira
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisca Beatriz M Sousa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Durcilene A Silva
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - André L R Barbosa
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Medicinal Plant Research Center, NPPM, Post-graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - José Roberto S A Leite
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Medicinal Plant Research Center, NPPM, Post-graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Jand Venes R Medeiros
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Center Research, BIOTEC, Post-graduation Program in Biotechnology, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil; Medicinal Plant Research Center, NPPM, Post-graduation Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil; Post-graduation Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Piauí, Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil.
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