1
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Morris JJ, Bowen CR, Coulson BA, Eaton M, Raithby PR, Saunders LK, Skelton JM, Wang Q, Warren MR, Zhang Y, Hatcher LE. Exploring Pyroelectricity, Thermal and Photochemical Switching in a Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Crystal by In Situ X-Ray Diffraction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401552. [PMID: 38497693 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The switching behavior of the novel hybrid material (FA)Na[Fe(CN)5(NO)].H2O (1) in response to temperature (T), light irradiation and electric field (E) is studied using in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD). Crystals of 1 display piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity, second and third harmonic generation. XRD shows that the FA+ are disordered at room-temperature, but stepwise cooling from 273-100 K induces gradual ordering, while cooling under an applied field (E=+40 kVcm-1) induces a sudden phase change at 140 K. Structural-dynamics calculations suggest the field pushes the system into a region of the structural potential-energy surface that is otherwise inaccessible, demonstrating that application of T and E offers an effective route to manipulating the crystal chemistry of these materials. Photocrystallography also reveals photoinduced linkage isomerism, which coexists with but is not correlated to other switching behaviors. These experiments highlight a new approach to in situ studies of hybrid materials, providing insight into the structure-property relationships that underpin their functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Morris
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 AT, UK
| | - Chris R Bowen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Ben A Coulson
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 AT, UK
| | - Mark Eaton
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University Queen's Buildings, The Parade, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
| | - Paul R Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Ave, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Jonathan M Skelton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Qingping Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Mark R Warren
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Ave, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410083, China
| | - Lauren E Hatcher
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 AT, UK
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2
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Saunders LK, Irving D, Chater PA, Diaz-Lopez M. Noncovalent bonding assessment by pair distribution function. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:356-369. [PMID: 37158101 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00159d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent interactions are essential in the formation and properties of a diverse range of materials. However, reliably identifying noncovalent interactions remains challenging using conventional methods such as X-ray diffraction, especially in nanocrystalline, poorly crystalline or amorphous materials which lack long-range lattice periodicity. Here, we demonstrate the accurate determination of deviations in the local structure and tilting of aromatic rings during the temperature-induced first order structural transition in the 1 : 1 adduct of 4,4'-bipyridinium squarate (BIPY:SQA) from the low temperature form HAZFAP01 to high temperature HAZFAP07 by X-ray pair distribution function. This work demonstrates how pair distribution function analyses can improve our understanding of local structural deviations resulting from noncovalent bonds and guide the development of novel functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK.
| | - Daniel Irving
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK.
| | - Philip A Chater
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK.
| | - Maria Diaz-Lopez
- Diamond Light Source Ltd, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, UK.
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3
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Hatcher LE, Saunders LK, Coulson BA. Uncovering the role of non-covalent interactions in solid-state photoswitches by non-spherical structure refinements with NoSpherA2. Faraday Discuss 2023; 244:370-390. [PMID: 37083212 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00158f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We present a charge density study of two linkage isomer photoswitches, [Pd(Bu4dien)(NO2)]BPh4·THF (1) and [Ni(Et4dien)(NO2)2] (2) using Hirshfeld Atom Refinement (HAR) methods implemented via the NoSpherA2 interface in Olex2. HAR is used to explore the electron density distribution in the photoswitchable molecules of 1 and 2, to gain an in-depth understanding of key bonding features and their influence on the single-crystal-to-single-crystal reaction. HAR analysis is also combined with ab initio calculations to explore the non-covalent interactions that influence physical properties of the photoswitches, such as the stability of the excited state nitrito-(η1-ONO) isomer. This insight can be fed back into the crystal engineering process to develop new and improved photoswitches that can be optimised towards specific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Hatcher
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 AT, UK.
| | - Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Fermi Ave, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Ben A Coulson
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 AT, UK.
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4
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Hatcher LE, Warren MR, Skelton JM, Pallipurath AR, Saunders LK, Allan DR, Hathaway P, Crevatin G, Omar D, Williams BH, Coulson BA, Wilson CC, Raithby PR. LED-pump-X-ray-multiprobe crystallography for sub-second timescales. Commun Chem 2022; 5:102. [PMID: 36697958 PMCID: PMC9814726 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00716-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The visualization of chemical processes that occur in the solid-state is key to the design of new functional materials. One of the challenges in these studies is to monitor the processes across a range of timescales in real-time. Here, we present a pump-multiprobe single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) technique for studying photoexcited solid-state species with millisecond-to-minute lifetimes. We excite using pulsed LEDs and synchronise to a gated X-ray detector to collect 3D structures with sub-second time resolution while maximising photo-conversion and minimising beam damage. Our implementation provides complete control of the pump-multiprobe sequencing and can access a range of timescales using the same setup. Using LEDs allows variation of the intensity and pulse width and ensures uniform illumination of the crystal, spreading the energy load in time and space. We demonstrate our method by studying the variable-temperature kinetics of photo-activated linkage isomerism in [Pd(Bu4dien)(NO2)][BPh4] single-crystals. We further show that our method extends to following indicative Bragg reflections with a continuous readout Timepix3 detector chip. Our approach is applicable to a range of physical and biological processes that occur on millisecond and slower timescales, which cannot be studied using existing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Hatcher
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK ,grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mark R. Warren
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Jonathan M. Skelton
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK ,grid.5379.80000000121662407Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anuradha R. Pallipurath
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK ,grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lucy K. Saunders
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - David R. Allan
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Paul Hathaway
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Giulio Crevatin
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - David Omar
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Ben H. Williams
- grid.18785.330000 0004 1764 0696Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - Ben A. Coulson
- grid.5600.30000 0001 0807 5670School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chick C. Wilson
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- grid.7340.00000 0001 2162 1699Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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5
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Edwards PT, Saunders LK, Grinter DC, Ferrer P, Held G, Shotton EJ, Schroeder SLM. Determination of H-Atom Positions in Organic Crystal Structures by NEXAFS Combined with Density Functional Theory: a Study of Two-Component Systems Containing Isonicotinamide. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2889-2898. [PMID: 35537046 PMCID: PMC9125558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
It is important to
be able to identify the precise position of
H-atoms in hydrogen bonding interactions to fully understand the effects
on the structure and properties of organic crystals. Using a combination
of near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy
and density functional theory (DFT) quantum chemistry calculations,
we demonstrate the sensitivity of core-level X-ray spectroscopy to
the precise H-atom position within a donor-proton-acceptor system.
Exploiting this sensitivity, we then combine the predictive power
of DFT with the experimental NEXAFS, confirming the H-atom position
identified using single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques
more easily than using other H-atom sensitive techniques, such as
neutron diffraction. This proof of principle experiment confirms the
H-atom positions in structures obtained from XRD, providing evidence
for the potential use of NEXAFS as a more accurate and easier method
of locating H-atoms within organic crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Edwards
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - David C Grinter
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Pilar Ferrer
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Georg Held
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Elizabeth J Shotton
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Sven L M Schroeder
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.,Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K.,Future Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation Hub, Research Complex at Harwell (RCaH), Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0FA, U.K
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6
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Gale SD, Lloyd HJ, Male L, Warren MR, Saunders LK, Anderson PA, Yeung HHM. Materials discovery and design limits in MDABCO perovskites. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00848c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new structures in the MDABCO perovskite family of ferroelectrics define new design rules for ferroelectric phase discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D. Gale
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Harry J. Lloyd
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Louise Male
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Mark R. Warren
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
| | - Lucy K. Saunders
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0DE, UK
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7
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Saunders LK, Yeung HHM, Warren MR, Smith P, Gurney S, Dodsworth SF, Vitorica-Yrezabal IJ, Wilcox A, Hathaway PV, Preece G, Roberts P, Barnett SA, Allan DR. An electric field cell for performing in situ single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction. J Appl Crystallogr 2021; 54:1349-1359. [PMID: 34667446 PMCID: PMC8493620 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576721007469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent increase in research into ferroelectric, anti-ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials, studying the solid-state properties in situ under applied electric fields is vital in understanding the underlying processes. Where this behaviour is the result of atomic displacements, crystallographic insight has an important role. This work presents a sample environment designed to apply an electric field to single-crystal samples in situ on the small-molecule single-crystal diffraction beamline I19, Diamond Light Source (UK). The configuration and operation of the cell is described as well as its application to studies of a proton-transfer colour-change material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K. Saunders
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Hamish H.-M. Yeung
- School of Chemistry, The University of Birmingham, Haworth Building, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R. Warren
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Smith
- Technical, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Gurney
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen F. Dodsworth
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Inigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Wilcox
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul V. Hathaway
- Life Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Geoff Preece
- Technical, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Roberts
- Technical, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah A. Barnett
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - David R. Allan
- Physical Science, Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
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8
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Saunders LK, Pallipurath AR, Gutmann MJ, Nowell H, Zhang N, Allan DR. A quantum crystallographic approach to short hydrogen bonds. CrystEngComm 2021; 23:6180-6190. [PMID: 34588923 PMCID: PMC8436739 DOI: 10.1039/d1ce00355k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work we use high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction for electron density mapping, in conjunction with ab initio modelling, to study short O-H⋯O and O+-H⋯O- hydrogen bonds whose behaviour is known to be tuneable by temperature. The short hydrogen bonds have donor-acceptor distances in the region of 2.45 Å and are formed in substituted urea and organic acid molecular complexes of N,N'-dimethylurea oxalic acid 2 : 1 (1), N,N-dimethylurea 2,4-dinitrobenzoate 1 : 1 (2) and N,N-dimethylurea 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid 2 : 2 (3). From the combined analyses, these complexes are found to fall within the salt-cocrystal continuum and exhibit short hydrogen bonds that can be characterised as both strong and electrostatic (1, 3) or very strong with a significant covalent contribution (2). An additional charge assisted component is found to be important in distinguishing the relatively uncommon O-H⋯O pseudo-covalent interaction from a typical strong hydrogen bond. The electron density is found to be sensitive to the extent of static proton transfer, presenting it as a useful parameter in the study of the salt-cocrystal continuum. From complementary calculated hydrogen atom potentials, we attribute changes in proton position to the molecular environment. Calculated potentials also show zero barrier to proton migration, forming an 'energy slide' between the donor and acceptor atoms. The better fundamental understanding of the short hydrogen bond in the 'zone of fluctuation' presented in a salt-cocrystal continuum, enabled by studies like this, provide greater insight into their related properties and can have implications in the regulation of pharmaceutical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Anuradha R Pallipurath
- School of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
- Research Complex at Harwell Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0DE UK
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallization, University of Strathclyde G1 1RD UK
| | - Matthias J Gutmann
- ISIS Pulsed Muon and Neutron Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford Didcot OX11 0QX UK
| | - Harriott Nowell
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DE UK
| | - Ningjin Zhang
- Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton Southampton SO17 1HE UK
| | - David R Allan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OX11 0DE UK
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9
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Leroy L, Francisco TM, Shepherd HJ, Warren MR, Saunders LK, Shultz DA, Raithby PR, Pinheiro CB. Controlled Light and Temperature Induced Valence Tautomerism in a Cobalt-o-Dioxolene Complex. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8665-8671. [PMID: 34085813 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The mononuclear cobalt complex of 3,5-di-tert-butylcathecolate and cyan-pyridine (Co(diox)2(4-CN-py)2) is a very versatile compound that displays valence tautomerism (VT) in the solid state, which is induced by temperature, light, and hard X-rays, and modulated by solvent in the crystal lattice. In our work, we used single crystal X-ray diffraction as a probe for the light-induced VT in solid state and demonstrate the controlled use of hard X-rays via attenuation to avoid X-ray-induced VT interconversion. We report photoinduced VT in benzene solvated crystals of Co(diox)2(4-CN-py)2 illuminated with blue 450 nm light at 30 K with a very high yield (80%) of metastable hs-CoII states, and we also show evidence of the de-excitation of these photoinduced metastable states using red 660 nm light. Such high-yield light-induced VT had never been experimentally observed in molecular crystals of cobalt tautomers, proving that the 450 nm light illumination is triggering a chain of events that leads to the ls-CoIII to hs-CoII interconversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Leroy
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Francisco
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Helena J Shepherd
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NZ, United Kingdom
| | - Mark R Warren
- Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source, Ltd., Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - David A Shultz
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Paul R Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Carlos B Pinheiro
- Physics Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil
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10
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Richardson JG, Benjamin H, Moggach SA, Warren LR, Warren MR, Allan DR, Saunders LK, Morrison CA, Robertson N. Probing the structural and electronic response of Magnus green salt compounds [Pt(NH 2R) 4][PtCl 4] (R = H, CH 3) to pressure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:17668-17676. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03280h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite possessing the desirable crystal packing and short Pt⋯Pt stacking distances required for a large piezoresistive response, we explain why the conductivity-pressure response of the Magnus green salt [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl4] is extremely sluggish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen Benjamin
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | - Stephen A. Moggach
- Centre for Microscopy
- Characterisation and Analysis
- University of Western Australia
- Perth
- Australia
| | | | - Mark R. Warren
- Diamond Light Source
- Diamond House
- Harwell Science & Innovation Campus
- Oxfordshire
- UK
| | - David R. Allan
- Diamond Light Source
- Diamond House
- Harwell Science & Innovation Campus
- Oxfordshire
- UK
| | - Lucy K. Saunders
- Diamond Light Source
- Diamond House
- Harwell Science & Innovation Campus
- Oxfordshire
- UK
| | | | - Neil Robertson
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
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11
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Saunders LK, Nowell H, Hatcher LE, Shepherd HJ, Teat SJ, Allan DR, Raithby PR, Wilson CC. Exploring short strong hydrogen bonds engineered in organic acid molecular crystals for temperature dependent proton migration behaviour using single crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SCSXRD). CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce00925f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Short strong hydrogen bonds in multi-component organic acid molecular crystals exhibit temperature dependent proton migration for certain HB donor–acceptor distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K. Saunders
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot OX11 0DE
- UK
| | - Harriott Nowell
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot OX11 0DE
- UK
| | | | - Helena J. Shepherd
- School of Physical Sciences
- Ingram Building
- University of Kent
- Canterbury
- UK
| | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - David R. Allan
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot OX11 0DE
- UK
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12
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Humby JD, Benson O, Smith GL, Argent SP, da Silva I, Cheng Y, Rudić S, Manuel P, Frogley MD, Cinque G, Saunders LK, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Easun TL, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Ramirez-Cuesta AJ, Yang S, Schröder M. Host-guest selectivity in a series of isoreticular metal-organic frameworks: observation of acetylene-to-alkyne and carbon dioxide-to-amide interactions. Chem Sci 2018; 10:1098-1106. [PMID: 30774907 PMCID: PMC6346404 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03622e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a series of six isoreticular metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for selective gas adsorption, specifically for selective adsorption of CO2 and C2H2.
In order to develop new porous materials for applications in gas separations such as natural gas upgrading, landfill gas processing and acetylene purification it is vital to gain understanding of host–substrate interactions at a molecular level. Herein we report a series of six isoreticular metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for selective gas adsorption. These materials do not incorporate open metal sites and thus provide an excellent platform to investigate the effect of the incorporation of ligand functionality via amide and alkyne groups on substrate binding. By reducing the length of the linker in our previously reported MFM-136, we report much improved CO2/CH4 (50 : 50) and CO2/N2 (15 : 85) selectivity values of 20.2 and 65.4, respectively (1 bar and 273 K), in the new amide-decorated MOF, MFM-126. The CO2 separation performance of MFM-126 has been confirmed by dynamic breakthrough experiments. In situ inelastic neutron scattering and synchrotron FT-IR microspectroscopy were employed to elucidate dynamic interactions of adsorbed CO2 molecules within MFM-126. Upon changing the functionality to an alkyne group in MFM-127, the CO2 uptake decreases but the C2H2 uptake increases by 68%, leading to excellent C2H2/CO2 and C2H2/CH4 selectivities of 3.7 and 21.2, respectively. Neutron powder diffraction enabled the direct observation of the preferred binding domains in MFM-126 and MFM-127, and, to the best of our knowledge, we report the first example of acetylene binding to an alkyne moiety in a porous material, with over 50% of the acetylene observed within MFM-127 displaying interactions (<4 Å) with the alkyne functionality of the framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack D Humby
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Oguarabau Benson
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - Gemma L Smith
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | | | - Ivan da Silva
- ISIS Facility , STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , UK
| | | | - Svemir Rudić
- ISIS Facility , STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , UK
| | - Pascal Manuel
- ISIS Facility , STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Oxfordshire OX11 0QX , UK
| | - Mark D Frogley
- Diamond Light Source , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Oxfordshire , OX11 0DE , UK
| | - Gianfelice Cinque
- Diamond Light Source , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Oxfordshire , OX11 0DE , UK
| | - Lucy K Saunders
- Diamond Light Source , Harwell Science and Innovation Campus , Oxfordshire , OX11 0DE , UK
| | | | - George F S Whitehead
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Timothy L Easun
- School of Chemistry , Cardiff University , Cardiff CF10 3XQ , UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - Alexander J Blake
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | | | - Sihai Yang
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Martin Schröder
- School of Chemistry , University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
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13
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Saunders LK, Nowell H, Spencer HCE, Hatcher LE, Shepherd HJ, Thomas LH, Jones CL, Teat SJ, Raithby PR, Wilson CC. Tuning charge-assisted and weak hydrogen bonds in molecular complexes of the proton sponge DMAN by acid co-former substitution. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00443a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Varying the electronic character of the acid co-former substituent group predictably alters weak and strong intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K. Saunders
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot
- UK
| | - Harriott Nowell
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot
- UK
| | | | | | - Helena J. Shepherd
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath
- UK
- School of Physical Sciences
| | | | | | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Lab
- Berkeley
- USA
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath
- UK
- Research Complex at Harwell
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14
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Saunders LK, Nowell H, Raithby PR, Wilson CC. Crystal engineering urea organic acid hydrogen bonded networks with solvent inclusion properties. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00872k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Eleven structurally similar materials based on hydrogen bonded networks of N-phenylurea and 5-nitroisophthalic acid have been engineered where nine have interesting solvent inclusion and guest release properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy K. Saunders
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath, UK
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
| | - Harriott Nowell
- Diamond Light Source
- Harwell Science and Innovation Campus
- Didcot OX11 0DE, UK
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15
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Hatcher LE, Bigos EJ, Bryant MJ, MacCready EM, Robinson TP, Saunders LK, Thomas LH, Beavers CM, Teat SJ, Christensen J, Raithby PR. Thermal and photochemical control of nitro–nitrito linkage isomerism in single-crystals of [Ni(medpt)(NO2)(η2-ONO)]. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce00675e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
[Ni(medpt)(NO2)(η2-ONO)] displays an equilibrium between the η1-NO2 and the η1-ONO linkage isomers between 150–298 K; upon photoactivation at 100 K the percentage of the η1-ONO isomer increases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Simon J. Teat
- Advanced Light Source
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley, USA
| | | | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Bath
- Bath, UK
- Research Complex at Harwell
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
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