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Severgnini M, Canini F, Consolandi C, Camboni T, Paolo D'Acqui L, Mascalchi C, Ventura S, Zucconi L. Highly differentiated soil bacterial communities in Victoria Land macro-areas (Antarctica). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6307020. [PMID: 34151349 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ice-free areas of Victoria Land, in Antarctica, are characterized by different terrestrial ecosystems, that are dominated by microorganisms supporting highly adapted communities. Despite the unique conditions of these ecosystems, reports on their bacterial diversity are still fragmentary. From this perspective, 60 samples from 14 localities were analyzed. These localities were distributed in coastal sites with differently developed biological soil crusts, inner sites in the McMurdo Dry Valleys with soils lacking of plant coverage, and a site called Icarus Camp, with a crust developed on a thin locally weathered substrate of the underlying parent granitic-rock. Bacterial diversity was studied through 16S rRNA metabarcoding sequencing. Communities diversity, composition and the abundance and composition of different taxonomic groups were correlated to soil physicochemical characteristics. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria dominated these communities. Most phyla were mainly driven by soil granulometry, an often disregarded parameter and other abiotic parameters. Bacterial composition differed greatly among the three macrohabitats, each having a distinct bacterial profile. Communities within the two main habitats (coastal and inner ones) were well differentiated from each other as well, therefore depending on site-specific physicochemical characteristics. A core community of the whole samples was observed, mainly represented by Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Severgnini
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), via f.lli Cervi, 93, 20054, Segrate, Italy
| | - Fabiana Canini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università s.n.c., 01100, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Clarissa Consolandi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), via f.lli Cervi, 93, 20054, Segrate, Italy
| | - Tania Camboni
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council (ITB-CNR), via f.lli Cervi, 93, 20054, Segrate, Italy
| | - Luigi Paolo D'Acqui
- Terrestria Ecosystems Research Institute, National Research Council (IRET-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Cristina Mascalchi
- Terrestria Ecosystems Research Institute, National Research Council (IRET-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Ventura
- Terrestria Ecosystems Research Institute, National Research Council (IRET-CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,The Italian Embassy in Israel, Trade Tower, 25 Hamered Street, 68125, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Laura Zucconi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università s.n.c., 01100, Viterbo, Italy
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Canini F, Geml J, D'Acqui LP, Selbmann L, Onofri S, Ventura S, Zucconi L. Exchangeable cations and pH drive diversity and functionality of fungal communities in biological soil crusts from coastal sites of Victoria Land, Antarctica. FUNGAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2020.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Albanese L, Bonetti A, D'Acqui LP, Meneguzzo F, Zabini F. Affordable Production of Antioxidant Aqueous Solutions by Hydrodynamic Cavitation Processing of Silver Fir ( Abies alba Mill.) Needles. Foods 2019; 8:foods8020065. [PMID: 30759809 PMCID: PMC6406287 DOI: 10.3390/foods8020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracts from parts of coniferous trees have received increased interest due to their valuable bioactive compounds and properties, useful for plenty of experimental and consolidated applications, in fields comprising nutraceutics, cosmetics, pharmacology, food preservation, and stimulation of plant growth. However, the variability of the bioactive properties, the complexity of the extraction methods, and the use of potentially harmful synthetic chemicals, still represent an obstacle to the spreading of such valuable natural compounds. Hydrodynamic cavitation is emerging as a promising innovative technique for the extraction of precious food components and by-products from waste raw material of the agro-food production chain, which can improve processing efficiency, reduce resource consumption, and produce healthy, high-quality products. In this study, a process based on controlled hydrodynamic cavitation was applied for the first time to the production of aqueous solutions of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) needles with enhanced antioxidant activity. The observed levels of the in vitro antioxidant activity, comparable or higher than those found for reference substances, pure extracts, and other water extracts and beverages, highlight the very good potential of the hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) process for the creation of solvent-free, aqueous solutions endowed with bioactive compounds extracted from silver fir needles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Albanese
- Institute of Biometeorology, National Research Council, 10 Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Alessandra Bonetti
- Institute for Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, 10 Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Luigi Paolo D'Acqui
- Institute for Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Research Council, 10 Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Francesco Meneguzzo
- Institute of Biometeorology, National Research Council, 10 Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
| | - Federica Zabini
- Institute of Biometeorology, National Research Council, 10 Via Madonna del Piano, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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Coleine C, Selbmann L, Ventura S, D'Acqui LP, Onofri S, Zucconi L. Fungal Biodiversity in the Alpine Tarfala Valley. Microorganisms 2015; 3:612-24. [PMID: 27682108 PMCID: PMC5023259 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms3040612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are distributed worldwide in all semiarid and arid lands, where they play a determinant role in element cycling and soil development. Although much work has concentrated on BSC microbial communities, free-living fungi have been hitherto largely overlooked. The aim of this study was to examine the fungal biodiversity, by cultural-dependent and cultural-independent approaches, in thirteen samples of Arctic BSCs collected at different sites in the Alpine Tarfala Valley, located on the slopes of Kebnekaise, the highest mountain in northern Scandinavia. Isolated fungi were identified by both microscopic observation and molecular approaches. Data revealed that the fungal assemblage composition was homogeneous among the BSCs analyzed, with low biodiversity and the presence of a few dominant species; the majority of fungi isolated belonged to the Ascomycota, and Cryptococcus gilvescens and Pezoloma ericae were the most frequently-recorded species. Ecological considerations for the species involved and the implication of our findings for future fungal research in BSCs are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Coleine
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Laura Selbmann
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ventura
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISE), I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Luigi Paolo D'Acqui
- Institute of Ecosystem Study, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISE), I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Silvano Onofri
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Laura Zucconi
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences (DEB), Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
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Santi CA, Cortes S, D'Acqui LP, Sparvoli E, Pushparaj B. Reduction of organic pollutants in Olive Mill Wastewater by using different mineral substrates as adsorbents. Bioresour Technol 2008; 99:1945-51. [PMID: 17499501 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Revised: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/16/2007] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Physico-chemical treatments of Olive Mill Wastewater (OMW) were carried out using different inorganic substrates such as soil, bentonite and zeolite, in order to assess their efficiency to remove the organic load from OMW, in particular polyphenols (Pp) and to reduce chemical oxygen demand (COD). The effect of repeated treatments of OMW with different minerals and the possibility of regenerating them by the Low Temperature Ashing (LTA) technique, an eco-friendly procedure, for the reutilization of treated OMW, has been investigated. Zeolite was found to be highly efficient in adsorbing Pp and COD from OMW and was easy to regenerate by means of the LTA technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Santi
- Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi - CNR, Via Madonna del Piano n 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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Pucci A, D'Acqui LP, Calamai L. Fate of prions in soil: interactions of RecPrP with organic matter of soil aggregates as revealed by LTA-PAS. Environ Sci Technol 2008; 42:728-733. [PMID: 18323094 DOI: 10.1021/es071314q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of soil organic matter (OM) to the adsorption of a recombinant prion protein (RecPrP) was studied in microcosm systems (soil aggregates from two different soils) before and after OM removal by low temperature ashing (LTA). The LTA technique allows a controlled removal of OM layer by layer, like a peeling of an onion skin, with minimal disturbance of the mineral matrix. Soil aggregates were selected as a representative model of the "in situ" conditions. Adsorption from batch vs percolation experiments were compared, and the aggregates were characterized by photoacustic Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (PAS-FTIR). High affinity (H-type) adsorption isotherms were found with complete removal of RecPrP from solution for protein/soil ratios up to 1:62.5. OM removal from aggregates decreased the adsorbed RecPrP in amounts corresponding to 330-1000 microg mg(-1) of soil organic carbon (OC) indicating that native OM has specific adsorption capacity comparable and/or superior to the mineral matrix. The coupled LTA-PAS-FTIR approach demonstrated that, albeit OM composition was homogeneous throughout the aggregates, its presence in the most external surfaces of the aggregates affects the diffusion dynamics of RecPrP within the aggregates during percolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaranta Pucci
- Dipartimento di Scienza del Suolo e Nutrizione della Pianta, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Firenze, Italy.
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