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Oliveira SL, Crusciol CAC, Rodrigues VA, Galeriani TM, Portugal JR, Bossolani JW, Moretti LG, Calonego JC, Cantarella H. Molybdenum Foliar Fertilization Improves Photosynthetic Metabolism and Grain Yields of Field-Grown Soybean and Maize. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:887682. [PMID: 35720532 PMCID: PMC9199428 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.887682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Foliar fertilization has been used as a supplemental strategy to plant nutrition especially in crops with high yield potential. Applying nutrients in small doses stimulates photosynthesis and increases yield performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of foliar application of molybdenum (Mo) to soybean and maize. The treatments consisted of the presence (+Mo) and absence (-Mo) of supplementation. Plant nutritional status, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic enzyme activity (Rubisco in soybean and maize and PEPcase in maize), total soluble sugar concentration, leaf protein content, shoot dry matter, shoot nitrogen accumulated, number of grains per plant, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield were evaluated. For soybean and maize, application of Mo increased leaf NR activity, nitrogen and protein content, Rubisco activity, net photosynthesis, and grain yield. These results indicate that foliar fertilization with Mo can efficiently enhance nitrogen metabolism and the plant’s response to carbon fixation, resulting in improved crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirlene Lopes Oliveira
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Vitor Alves Rodrigues
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Mayara Galeriani
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Portugal
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - João William Bossolani
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Moretti
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliano Carlos Calonego
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Heitor Cantarella
- Soils and Environmental Resources Center, Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC), Campinas, Brazil
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Bossolani JW, Crusciol CAC, Garcia A, Moretti LG, Portugal JR, Rodrigues VA, da Fonseca MDC, Calonego JC, Caires EF, Amado TJC, dos Reis AR. Long-Term Lime and Phosphogypsum Amended-Soils Alleviates the Field Drought Effects on Carbon and Antioxidative Metabolism of Maize by Improving Soil Fertility and Root Growth. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:650296. [PMID: 34322140 PMCID: PMC8313040 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.650296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Long-term surface application of lime (L) and/or phosphogypsum (PG) in no-till (NT) systems can improve plant growth and physiological and biochemical processes. Although numerous studies have examined the effects of L on biomass and plant growth, comprehensive evaluations of the effects of this practice on net CO2 assimilation, antioxidant enzyme activities and sucrose synthesis are lacking. Accordingly, this study examined the effects of long-term surface applications of L and PG on soil fertility and the resulting impacts on root growth, plant nutrition, photosynthesis, carbon and antioxidant metabolism, and grain yield (GY) of maize established in a dry winter region. At the study site, the last soil amendment occurred in 2016, with the following four treatments: control (no soil amendments), L (13 Mg ha-1), PG (10 Mg ha-1), and L and PG combined (LPG). The long-term effects of surface liming included reduced soil acidity and increased the availability of P, Ca2+, and Mg2+ throughout the soil profile. Combining L with PG strengthened these effects and also increased SO4 2--S. Amendment with LPG increased root development at greater depths and improved maize plant nutrition. These combined effects increased the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange even under low water availability. Furthermore, the activities of Rubisco, sucrose synthase and antioxidative enzymes were improved, thereby reducing oxidative stress. These improvements in the physiological performance of maize plants led to higher GY. Overall, the findings support combining soil amendments as an important strategy to increase soil fertility and ensure crop yield in regions where periods of drought occur during the cultivation cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- João William Bossolani
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Ariani Garcia
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Moretti
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Portugal
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Vitor Alves Rodrigues
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Carlos Calonego
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fávero Caires
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Engineering, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | | | - André Rodrigues dos Reis
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, School of Sciences and Engineering, São Paulo State University, Tupã, Brazil
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Scudeletti D, Crusciol CAC, Bossolani JW, Moretti LG, Momesso L, Servaz Tubaña B, de Castro SGQ, De Oliveira EF, Hungria M. Trichoderma asperellum Inoculation as a Tool for Attenuating Drought Stress in Sugarcane. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:645542. [PMID: 33936132 PMCID: PMC8082249 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.645542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is an important concern worldwide which reduces crop yield and quality. To alleviate this problem, Trichoderma asperellum has been used as a plant growth-promoting fungus capable of inducing plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we examined the effect of T. asperellum inoculation on sugarcane plant above and belowground development under drought stress and investigated the role of this fungus on inducing tolerance to drought at physiological and biochemical levels. The experiment was performed in pots under greenhouse conditions, with four treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of sugarcane plants inoculated or not with T. asperellum and grown under drought stress and adequate water availability. Drought-stressed sugarcane plants inoculated with T. asperellum changed the crop nutrition and chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, resulting in increased photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency compared to the non-inoculated plants. In addition, the antioxidant metabolism also changed, increasing the superoxide dismutase and peroxidase enzyme activities, as well as the proline concentration and sugar portioning. These cascade effects enhanced the root and stalk development, demonstrating that T. asperellum inoculation is an important tool in alleviating the negative effects of drought stress in sugarcane. Future studies should be performed to elucidate if T. asperellum should be reapplied to the sugarcane ratoons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Scudeletti
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - João William Bossolani
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Moretti
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Letusa Momesso
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Brenda Servaz Tubaña
- School of Plant, Environmental, and Soil Sciences, LSU AgCenter, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | | | - Elisa Fidêncio De Oliveira
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
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