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Galeriani TM, Neves GO, Santos Ferreira JH, Oliveira RN, Oliveira SL, Calonego JC, Crusciol CAC. Calcium and Boron Fertilization Improves Soybean Photosynthetic Efficiency and Grain Yield. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2937. [PMID: 36365390 PMCID: PMC9657382 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Foliar fertilization with calcium (Ca) and boron (B) at flowering can promote flower retention and pod fixation, thereby increasing the number of pods per plant and, in turn, crop productivity. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of Ca + B fertilization during flowering on the nutritional, metabolic and yield performance of soybean (Glycine max L.) The treatments consisted of the presence and the absence of Ca + B fertilization in two growing seasons. Crop nutritional status, gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic enzyme activity (Rubisco), total soluble sugar content, total leaf protein concentration, agronomic parameters, and grain yield were evaluated. Foliar Ca + B fertilization increased water use efficiency and carboxylation efficiency, and the improvement in photosynthesis led to higher leaf sugar and protein concentrations. The improvement in metabolic activity promoted a greater number of pods and grains plant-1, culminating in higher yields. These results indicate that foliar fertilization with Ca + B can efficiently improve carbon metabolism, resulting in better yields in soybean.
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Lima AR, da Silva CM, Caires CSA, Chaves H, Pancrácio AS, de Arruda EJ, Caires ARL, Oliveira SL. Photoinactivation of Aedes aegypti larvae using riboflavin as photosensitizer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:103030. [PMID: 35872352 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
More than half of the global population lives in areas where the Aedes aegypti mosquito is present. Efforts have been made to deal with the population of this mosquito in the larval and adult stages to prevent outbreaks of diseases (Dengue, Zika, Chikungunya, and Yellow Fever). In this scenario, photodynamic inactivation may be an effective alternative method to control this vector population. To evaluate the efficacy of the riboflavin - B2 vitamin - as photosensitizer (PS) in the photodynamic inactivation of Ae. aegypti larvae, different concentrations (0; 0.005; 0.010; 0.025; 0.050; 0.075 and 0.100 mg mL-1) were evaluated under white light from RGB LEDs at a light dose of 495.2 J cm-2. The results reveal that riboflavin can be successfully applied as a PS agent to photoinactivate Ae. aegypti larvae, showing its potential to deal with the larvae population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Lima
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil; São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil.
| | - C M da Silva
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - C S A Caires
- Grupo de Espectroscopia e Bioinformática Aplicados a Biodiversidade e a Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - H Chaves
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - A S Pancrácio
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - E J de Arruda
- Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil
| | - A R L Caires
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - S L Oliveira
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil.
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Oliveira SL, Crusciol CAC, Rodrigues VA, Galeriani TM, Portugal JR, Bossolani JW, Moretti LG, Calonego JC, Cantarella H. Molybdenum Foliar Fertilization Improves Photosynthetic Metabolism and Grain Yields of Field-Grown Soybean and Maize. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:887682. [PMID: 35720532 PMCID: PMC9199428 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.887682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Foliar fertilization has been used as a supplemental strategy to plant nutrition especially in crops with high yield potential. Applying nutrients in small doses stimulates photosynthesis and increases yield performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of foliar application of molybdenum (Mo) to soybean and maize. The treatments consisted of the presence (+Mo) and absence (-Mo) of supplementation. Plant nutritional status, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, gas exchange parameters, photosynthetic enzyme activity (Rubisco in soybean and maize and PEPcase in maize), total soluble sugar concentration, leaf protein content, shoot dry matter, shoot nitrogen accumulated, number of grains per plant, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield were evaluated. For soybean and maize, application of Mo increased leaf NR activity, nitrogen and protein content, Rubisco activity, net photosynthesis, and grain yield. These results indicate that foliar fertilization with Mo can efficiently enhance nitrogen metabolism and the plant’s response to carbon fixation, resulting in improved crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirlene Lopes Oliveira
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Vitor Alves Rodrigues
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Tatiani Mayara Galeriani
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Portugal
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - João William Bossolani
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Moretti
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliano Carlos Calonego
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Heitor Cantarella
- Soils and Environmental Resources Center, Agronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC), Campinas, Brazil
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Silva CM, Lima AR, Abelha TF, Lima THN, Caires CSA, Acunha TV, Arruda EJ, Oliveira SL, Iglesias BA, Caires ARL. Photodynamic control of Aedes aegypti larvae with environmentally-friendly tetra-platinated porphyrin. J Photochem Photobiol B 2021; 224:112323. [PMID: 34598019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This work evaluated the photosensitizing activity of isomeric tetra-cationic porphyrins with peripheral [Pt(bpy)Cl]+ to control the larval population of Aedes aegypti by photodynamic action. The photolarvicidal activity of the tetra-platinated porphyrins at meta and para position (3-PtTPyP and 4-PtTPyP) was evaluated under blue (450 nm), green (525 nm), and red (625 nm) light illumination at 55.0 J cm-2. The meta isomer presented an efficient photolarvicidal activity even at a low concentration (1.2 ppm) in the presence of light, while the para counterpart was inactive regardless of the concentration and illumination. The different responses were related to the improved optical features and higher water solubility of 3-PtTPyP compared to 4-PtTPyP. Additionally, the potential environmental toxicity of 3-PtTPyP was tested in a plant model (Allium cepa test), with no toxicity detected for all used concentrations (1.2 to 12 ppm). Hence, this work reveals that 3-PtTPyP has a great potential to be employed to photodynamically control the insect vector population in an environmentally safe way.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Silva
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - A R Lima
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - T F Abelha
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - T H N Lima
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - C S A Caires
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - T V Acunha
- Bioinorganic and Porphyrinoid Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
| | - E J Arruda
- Faculty of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Grande Dourados, CP 533, Dourados, MS 79804-970, Brazil
| | - S L Oliveira
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil
| | - B A Iglesias
- Bioinorganic and Porphyrinoid Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - A R L Caires
- Optics and Photonics Group, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS 79070-900, Brazil.
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Queiroz AM, Mezacasa AV, Graciano DE, Falco WF, M'Peko JC, Guimarães FEG, Lawson T, Colbeck I, Oliveira SL, Caires ARL. Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence induced by silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2016; 168:73-77. [PMID: 27280858 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between chlorophyll (Chl) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was evaluated by analyzing the optical behavior of Chl molecules surrounded by different concentrations of AgNPs (10, 60, and 100nm of diameter). UV-Vis absorption, steady state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements were performed for Chl in the presence and absence of these nanoparticles. AgNPs strongly suppressed the Chl fluorescence intensity at 678nm. The Stern-Volmer constant (KSV) showed that fluorescence suppression is driven by the dynamic quenching process. In particular, KSV was nanoparticle size-dependent with an exponential decrease as a function of the nanoparticle diameter. Finally, changes in the Chl fluorescence lifetime in the presence of nanoparticles demonstrated that the fluorescence quenching may be induced by the excited electron transfer from the Chl molecules to the metal nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Queiroz
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil; Grupo de Óptica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - A V Mezacasa
- Grupo de Óptica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - D E Graciano
- Grupo de Óptica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - W F Falco
- Grupo de Óptica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil
| | - J-C M'Peko
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - F E G Guimarães
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T Lawson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, CO4 3SQ Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom
| | - I Colbeck
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, CO4 3SQ Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom
| | - S L Oliveira
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - A R L Caires
- Grupo de Óptica e Fotônica, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 549, 79070-900 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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Eisenlohr PV, Tavares JR, Oliveira SL, Santos AO, Valadão MBX, Bilce JM, Roberto RL, Castro HB, Zaratim ECP, Lima SL, Santos AJ, Silva APG, Lima LB, Melo-Santos KS, Figueiredo JDS, Santos LM, Pereira FC, Oliveira JCA, Miguel TB, Serpa AO, Kreutz C, Reis SMA. Thinking better about high-quality science: a look at some ethical flaws and productivity evaluation. BRAZ J BIOL 2015; 74:1009-10. [PMID: 25627616 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.17413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P V Eisenlohr
- Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Alta Floresta, Alta Floresta, MT, Brasil
| | - J R Tavares
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - S L Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - A O Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - M B X Valadão
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - J M Bilce
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - R L Roberto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - H B Castro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - E C P Zaratim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - S L Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - A J Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - A P G Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - L B Lima
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - K S Melo-Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - J D S Figueiredo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - L M Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - F C Pereira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - J C A Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - T B Miguel
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - A O Serpa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - C Kreutz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
| | - S M A Reis
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, Campus Universitário de Nova Xavantina, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brasil
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Chimenez TA, Magalhães KF, Caires ARL, Oliveira SL. Fluorescence as an analytical tool for assessing the conversion of oil into biodiesel. J Fluoresc 2012; 22:1177-82. [PMID: 22538833 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-012-1057-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this work fluorescence-based method to assess the biodiesel production from different refined vegetable oils is presented. Four different refined oils (soybean, sunflower, canola, and corn) and their respective biodiesel were used and the fluorescence of the compounds contained in their compositions was taken as a probe. The results show that the fluorescence intensity of the biodiesel is lower than one verified in the vegetable oil. The data achieved point out that the ratio between the fluorescence intensity of biodiesel and oil is about 0.6 regardless of the vegetable oil feedstock investigated. Reduced content of fluorophores as well as low viscosity of the biodiesel regarding the oil have been raised as hypotheses to explain the low fluorescence intensity of the biodiesel. The results obtained may provide the basis for the development of an alternative method able to give fast and accurate information about the conversion of oil into biodiesel without the requirement of dilution or pre-treatment of the biodiesel.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Chimenez
- Grupo de Óptica Aplicada, Faculdade de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, CP 533, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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Caires ARL, Scherer MD, Santos TSB, Pontim BCA, Gavassoni WL, Oliveira SL. Water stress response of conventional and transgenic soybean plants monitored by chlorophyll a fluorescence. J Fluoresc 2010; 20:645-9. [PMID: 20145983 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-009-0594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Two soybean cultivars, one conventional and a glyphosate-tolerant (transgenic), were submitted to the water stress and the chlorophyll a fluorescence induced by UV light was monitored daily during 16 days. In this work, 40 pots in total, 20 per cultivar were used in the investigation. Each cultivar was divided in two groups, the control group and the group submitted to the water stress. The stress response of the cultivars was monitored by red to far-red fluorescence ratio. The data indicate that the water stress induced the earliest changes on the fluorescence ratio and chlorophyll content for the conventional cultivar. In addition, a comparative analysis of the fluorescence ratios of the cultivars reveals that conventional plants have higher chlorophyll content than transgenic ones. This result might be useful in the development of methodologies able to distinguish conventional to transgenic apart.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R L Caires
- Grupo de Optica Aplicada, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados-UFGD, CP 533, 79804-970 Dourados, MS, Brazil.
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Lima SM, Figueiredo MS, Andrade LHC, Caíres ARL, Oliveira SL, Aristone F. Effects of residue and antioxidant on thermo-optical properties of biodiesel. Appl Opt 2009; 48:5728-32. [PMID: 19844308 DOI: 10.1364/ao.48.005728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Thermal lens (TL) spectrometry was applied to soybean biodiesel samples, in order to assess the behavior of their thermo-optical properties during the preparation before and after the washing process. The study was based on the thermal diffusivity parameter, which is highly sensitive and is related to the chemical composition of the sample. The results showed a difference of approximately 20% between the initial (unwashed) and the final (washed) steps of biodiesel production. This behavior indicates that the residue of the biodiesel production influences the thermal diffusivity value. Consequently, TL spectrometry can be a useful methodology for certifying the quality of biodiesel during production.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Lima
- Grupo de Espectroscopia Optica e Fototérmica, Universidade Estadual de Mato, Grosso do Sul, CP 351, CEP 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
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10
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Pinto JGG, Martins LA, Cavalheiro JS, Acorsi MJ, Pedrini SCB, Soares AMVC, Oliveira SL. Cytokine production in lungs and adrenal glands of high and low antibody producing mice infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Med Mycol 2006; 44:505-14. [PMID: 16966167 DOI: 10.1080/13693780600760781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice genetically selected for high (H) and low (L) antibody production (HIV-A and LIV-A) were used in an experimental model of paracoccidioidomycosis. In a previous work, it was observed that male HIV-A animals were more susceptible to the infection due to adrenal gland damage. Male HIV-A and LIV-A animals were intravenously inoculated with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (strain 18) and sacrificed 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after inoculation. At each time interval, lungs and adrenals were removed to estimate recoverability of the fungus, as well as to determine Th1 (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokine profiles. While viable fungi recoverability from the lungs of HIV-A mice was higher after 4 and 8 weeks, there was less fungal recovery from the adrenals of LIV-A animals after the 2nd week, with total fungal elimination after the 8th week. With regard to Th2 cytokines, there was an inhibition in IL-4 production in the organs from infected animals, the extent of which varied according to the organ and the time period after initiation of infection. IL-10 production was found to be lower in both organs. Determination of Th1 cytokines revealed that IFN-gamma production increased in both organs, mainly in the adrenal of LIV-A after 8 and 10 weeks, when these animals showed a total fungal elimination. A significant difference was observed between HIV-A and LIV-A concerning TNF-alpha production in both organs and at all recovery times, in that LIV-A produced a higher level of this cytokine, mainly in the adrenal. These results may explain the high susceptibility of HIV-A to P. brasiliensis infection, is due, at least in part, to adrenal involvement. The higher production of Th1 cytokines by LIV-A in comparison to HIV-A mice may account for LIV-A resistance to P. brasiliensis infection. Our data reveal the importance of this experimental model in the study of the adrenal involvement in paracoccidioidomycosis, since this gland may be highly compromised in the patients, leading to the development of Addison's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G G Pinto
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences InstituteUNESP-São Paulo State University, Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil
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Schneider J, Oliveira SL, Nunes LAO, Bonk F, Panepucci H. Short-Range Structure and Cation Bonding in Calcium−Aluminum Metaphosphate Glasses. Inorg Chem 2004; 44:423-30. [PMID: 15651890 DOI: 10.1021/ic0499704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Comprehension of short- and medium-range order of phosphate glasses is a topic of interest, due to the close relation between network structure and mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. In this work, the short-range structure of glasses (1 - x)Ca(PO(3))(2).xAl(PO(3))(3) with 0 < or = x < or = 0.47 was studied using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, density measurements, and differential scanning calorimetry. The bonding between a network modifier species, Al, and the network forming phosphate groups was probed using high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of (27)Al and (31)P. Changes in the compositional behavior of the density, glass transition temperature, PO(2) symmetric vibrations, and Al coordination number were verified at around x = 0.30. (31)P NMR spectra show the presence of phosphorus in Q(2) sites with nonbridging oxygens (NBOs) coordinated by Ca ions and also Q(2) sites with one NBO coordinated by Al (namely, Q(2)(1Al)). The changes in the properties as a function of x can be understood by considering the mean coordination number measured for Al and the formation of only Q(2) and Q(2)(1Al) species. It is possible to calculate that a network formed only by Q(2)(1Al) phosphates can just exist up to the upper limit of x = 0.48. Above this value, Q(2)(2Al) species should appear, imposing a major reorganization of the network. Above x = 0.30 the network undergoes a progressive reorganization to incorporate Al ions, maintaining the condition that only Q(2)(1Al) species are formed. These observations support the idea that bonding principles for cationic species inferred originally in binary phosphate glasses can also be extended to ternary systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Schneider
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São-Carlense 400, Centro CEP 13566-590 CP369, São Carlos-SP, Brazil.
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Soares AM, Rezkallah-Iwasso MT, Oliveira SL, Peraçoli MT, Montenegro MR, Musatti CC. Experimental paracoccidioidomycosis in high and low antibody responder mice of Selection IV-A. Med Mycol 2000; 38:309-15. [PMID: 10975699 DOI: 10.1080/mmy.38.4.309.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High (H) and low (L) responder mice were selected for their ability to produce antibodies against sheep and human erythrocytes (Selection IV-A). In this selection, the difference in antibody responsiveness between H and L lines (HIV-A and LIV-A mice, respectively) was shown to depend mainly on macrophage function. The more rapid catabolism of antigens by macrophages in L mice has been suggested as the main cause of the low antibody production. Due to this high macrophage activity, L animals have been described as more resistant than H animals to intracellular pathogens. These animals were utilized as an experimental model of paracoccidioidomycosis. HIV-A and LIV-A mice were infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis by the intravenous route. As expected, H mice were more susceptible to P. brasiliensis with a shorter survival time and higher levels of specific antibodies when compared to L mice. Contrasting with the survival time, the lungs, spleen and liver from H mice showed typical nodular granulomas containing epithelioid and giant cells and few fungi. On the other hand, in LIV-A mice, the lesions of these organs were characterized by looser granulomas with irregular borders and the presence of a large number of fungi. However, the adrenal gland showed different lesion patterns. In H mice these lesions were extensive and characterized by loose granulomas with numerous fungi, while in LIV-A mice the lesions were small and limited to the cortex. Moreover the HIV-A mice presented higher levels of serum corticosterone when compared to LIV-A ones. The higher susceptibility of H mice could be attributed to the extensive lesions of the adrenal glands. These results suggest the use of the H line from the IV-A Selection as an experimental model for further studies of adrenal involvement in paracoccidioidomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Soares
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, SP, Brazil.
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Ibanez OM, Mouton D, Oliveira SL, Ribeiro Filho OG, Piatti RM, Sant'Anna OA, Massa S, Biozzi G, Siqueira M. Polygenic control of quantitative antibody responsiveness: restrictions of the multispecific effect related to the selection antigen. Immunogenetics 1988; 28:6-12. [PMID: 3288555 DOI: 10.1007/bf00372523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Among the differences observed between the various high (H) and low (L) antibody responder lines of mice resulting from distinct bidirectional selective breedings, one of the most puzzling is the variation in the "multispecific effect," i.e., in the modification of antibody responses to antigens unrelated to those used during the selection. The best examples are the H and L lines of selection IV, selected on the basis of responses to somatic antigen of Salmonella which do not differ in their antibody responses to sheep erythrocytes (SE). However, a wide range of variability is observed in the responses of (HIV X LIV)F2 hybrids to this antigen, and it was therefore hypothesized that distinct groups of genes might regulate antibody responses to SE and the somatic antigen. Indeed, a new selection (IV-A) for anti-SE responsiveness started from these (HIV X LIV)F2 successfully produced a high and a low anti-SE responder line. The results of selection IV-A and the variance analysis of (HIV-A X LIV-A)F2 hybrids are reported. They are roughly similar to those in selection I, also carried out for anti-SE responsiveness. In vivo attempts to identify the major regulatory mechanism which contributes to the interline difference indicate that the efficiency of macrophage accessory function has been modified in selection IV-A, as was observed in selection I, whereas this function did not differ in HIV and LIV lines. Probably in relation to the involvement of macrophage function there is a notable increase of the multispecific effect in selection IV-A when compared with selection IV. The results of selection IV-A demonstrate that responsiveness to heterologous erythrocytes and to somatic antigen of Salmonella are under separate polygenic control operating through distinct regulatory mechanisms. The choice of the selection antigen and immunization procedure is of major importance for defining the gene interaction operating in each selective breeding experiment and the extent of its multispecific effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- O M Ibanez
- Seçao de Immunologia, Instituto Biologico, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cabrera WH, Ibanez OM, Oliveira SL, Sant'Anna OA, Siqueira M, Mouton D, Biozzi G. Evidence for distinct polygenic regulation of antibody responses to some unrelated antigens in lines of mice selected for high or low antibody responses to somatic antigen of Salmonella. Immunogenetics 1982; 16:583-92. [PMID: 6763916 DOI: 10.1007/bf00372027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The effect of the selective breeding of mice for high or low antibody production to complex immunogens is largely "nonspecific", since it modifies the responsiveness of high (H) and low (L) lines to many antigens unrelated to the selection antigen. However, the nonspecific effect of the polygenic control operating in these lines is not a general feature. For example, the group of genes in selection IV, carried out for responsiveness to somatic antigen of Salmonella, does not modify the responses to sheep erythrocytes (SE). Despite equivalent responses in H and L mice of selection IV, a large variability was found in individual responses of F2 interline hybrids, which demonstrates the presence of alleles with high or low effect on responses to SE. A selective breeding (Selection IV-A) was therefore initiated from this F2 population for responsiveness to SE.A progressive interline divergence occurred during the first seven generations of selection; the interline separation was due to polygenic regulation (about four independent loci from a preliminary estimate). Equivalent responses to the s antigen of Salmonella are observed in the two lines. This constitutes additional evidence for distinct polygenic regulation of responses to SE and to somatic antigen. Moreover, the pattern of responses to several unrelated antigens (nonspecific effect) also differs between Selections IV and IV-A.
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