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Ahangaran M, Sun E, Le K, Sun J, Wang WM, Tan TH, Burdine LJ, Dvanajscak Z, Cassol CA, Sharma S, Kolachalama VB. A web-based tool for real-time adequacy assessment of kidney biopsies. medRxiv 2024:2024.02.01.24302147. [PMID: 38370740 PMCID: PMC10871452 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.01.24302147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The escalating incidence of kidney biopsies providing insufficient tissue for diagnosis poses a dual challenge, straining the healthcare system and jeopardizing patients who may require rebiopsy or face the prospect of an inaccurate diagnosis due to an unsampled disease. Here, we introduce a web-based tool that can provide real-time, quantitative assessment of kidney biopsy adequacy directly from photographs taken with a smartphone camera. The software tool was developed using a deep learning-driven automated segmentation technique, trained on a dataset comprising nephropathologist-confirmed annotations of the kidney cortex on digital biopsy images. Our framework demonstrated favorable performance in segmenting the cortex via 5-fold cross-validation (Dice coefficient: 0.788±0.130) (n=100). Offering a bedside tool for kidney biopsy adequacy assessment has the potential to provide real-time guidance to the physicians performing medical kidney biopsies, reducing the necessity for re-biopsies. Our tool can be accessed through our web-based platform: http://www.biopsyadequacy.org.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Ahangaran
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Sun
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Khang Le
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiawei Sun
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - William M. Wang
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tian Herng Tan
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lyle J. Burdine
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, US
| | | | | | | | - Vijaya B. Kolachalama
- Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Faculty of Computing & Data Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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Gottsponer JA, Baker DL, Osborn T, Estrada MM, Giorgakis E, Burdine LJ, Patel RB. Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome due to nesidioblastosis following bariatric Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. J Surg Case Rep 2023; 2023:rjad050. [PMID: 36811071 PMCID: PMC9939044 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A 56-year-old woman with past medical history significant for bariatric Roux-en-Y gastric bypass 3 years prior presented for evaluation of an 8-month history of severe hypoglycemia relieved by intake of carbohydrates associated with syncopal episodes. Inpatient workup revealed endogenous hyperinsulinemia concerning for insulinoma vs. nesidioblastosis. She successfully underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure), and pathology report confirmed scattered low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia within the pancreatic parenchyma consistent with nesidioblastosis. The patient has had satisfactory control of glucose levels 30 days out from surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David L Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Tamara Osborn
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Martha M Estrada
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Emmanouil Giorgakis
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Lyle J Burdine
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Raj B Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Sanikommu S, Lusardi KT, Burdine LJ, Dare RK. Development of hematogenous vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecium meningitis while on daptomycin therapy. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Cook MD, Karim SA, Jensen HK, Bennett JL, Burdine LJ, Bhavaraju A, Sexton KW, Kalkwarf KJ. Percutaneous Cholecystostomy Tubes versus Medical Management for Acute Cholecystitis. Am Surg 2021; 88:828-833. [PMID: 34747221 DOI: 10.1177/00031348211054567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholecystitis is one of the most common infections treated surgically in the United States. Surgical risk is prohibitive in some patients, leading to alternative therapeutic strategies, including medical management (antibiotics) with or without percutaneous cholecystostomy tube (PCT) drainage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) National Readmission Database (NRD), we performed a retrospective review to compare medically managed patients with or without PCT placement by evaluating 60-day readmissions rates, health care costs, and hospital length of stay (LOS). Both study groups were matched using the Elixhauser comorbidity index, age, and sex. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed using STATA. RESULTS 776,766 patients were included in the analysis. The population receiving PCT placement was on average 16 years older (69.9 vs 53.6 years; P < .01), less likely to be female (40.7% vs 59.3%; P < .01), and had almost twice as many comorbidities (3.36 vs 1.81; P < .01) compared to the population receiving medical management. After matching our data to account for these incongruities, PCT patients were still 10.4 times more likely to be readmitted, had a 11.6% increase in the cost of care, and a 37.6% increase in LOS compared to those managed medically. DISCUSSION Percutaneous cholecystostomy tube placement for cholecystitis is associated with a higher readmission rate, increased charges, and increased LOS compared to antibiotic therapy alone, even after correcting for age, sex, and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline D Cook
- College of Medicine, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Saleema A Karim
- Department of Health Administration, College of Health Professions, Virginia Commonwealth 12215University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Hanna K Jensen
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Judy L Bennett
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Lyle J Burdine
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Avi Bhavaraju
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kevin W Sexton
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Kyle J Kalkwarf
- Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, 12215University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Kim Wiese A, Schluterman Burdine M, Turnage RH, Tackett AJ, Burdine LJ. DNA-PKcs controls calcineurin mediated IL-2 production in T lymphocytes. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181608. [PMID: 28750002 PMCID: PMC5531461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) activity in mammals results in severe combined immuno-deficiency (SCID). This SCID phenotype has been postulated to be due solely to the function of DNA-PKcs in V(D)J recombination, a process critical for lymphocyte maturation. However; we show that DNA-PKcs is required for IL-2 production via regulation of the calcineurin signaling pathway. Reducing DNA-PKcs activity in activated T cells either by shRNA or an inhibitor significantly reduced IL-2 production by blocking calcineurin activity and the translocation of NFAT into the nucleus. Additionally, we show that DNA-PKcs exerts its effect on calcineurin by altering the expression of the endogenous calcineurin inhibitor Cabin1 through activation of the kinase CHK2, a known Cabin1 regulator. The discovery of DNA-PKcs as a potent regulator of IL-2 production will drive continued investigation of small molecule inhibition of this enzyme within the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ara Kim Wiese
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Marie Schluterman Burdine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Division of Surgical Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Turnage
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Tackett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Lyle J. Burdine
- Division of Surgical Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States of America
- Department of Transplant Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Burdine LJ, Burdine MS, Moreland L, Fogel B, Orr LM, James J, Turnage RH, Tackett AJ. Proteomic Identification of DNA-PK Involvement within the RET Signaling Pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127943. [PMID: 26065416 PMCID: PMC4466258 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activation of the Rearranged during Transfection (RET) proto-oncogene leads to the development of MEN2A medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). The relatively clear genotype/phenotype relationship seen with RET mutations and the development of MEN2A is unusual in the fact that a single gene activity can drive the progression towards metastatic disease. Despite knowing the oncogene responsible for MEN2A, MTC, like most tumors of neural crest origin, remains largely resistant to chemotherapy. Constitutive activation of RET in a SK-N-MC cell line model reduces cell sensitivity to chemotherapy. In an attempt to identify components of the machinery responsible for the observed RET induced chemoresistance, we performed a proteomic screen of histones and associated proteins in cells with a constitutively active RET signaling pathway. The proteomic approach identified DNA-PKcs, a DNA damage response protein, as a target of the RET signaling pathway. Active DNA-PKcs, which is phosphorylated at site serine 2056 and localized to chromatin, was elevated within our model. Treatment with the RET inhibitor RPI-1 significantly reduced s2056 phosphorylation in RET cells as well as in a human medullary thyroid cancer cell line. Additionally, inhibition of DNA-PKcs activity diminished the chemoresistance observed in both cell lines. Importantly, we show that activated DNA-PKcs is elevated in medullary thyroid tumor samples and that expression correlates with expression of RET in thyroid tumors. These results highlight one mechanism by which RET signaling likely primes cells for rapid response to DNA damage and suggests DNA-PKcs as an additional target in MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyle J. Burdine
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Marie Schluterman Burdine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Linley Moreland
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Brad Fogel
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Lisa M. Orr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Jennifer James
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Richard H. Turnage
- Department of Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
| | - Alan J. Tackett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States of America
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