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Pethő B, Kovács MÁ, Simon D, Tóth T, Hajnal AS, Csulak T, Hebling D, Albert N, Varga E, Herold M, Osváth P, Vörös V, Tényi T, Herold R. Investigation of peripheral inflammatory biomarkers in association with suicide risk in major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1321354. [PMID: 38347880 PMCID: PMC10859515 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1321354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Suicide is the most severe complication of major depressive disorder (MDD). Novel research assumes the role of immunological dysregulation in the background - several studies have reported alterations in the number of inflammatory cells related to both MDD and suicidality. There are currently no objective, routinely measured parameters to indicate suicidal vulnerability. However, altered inflammatory cell numbers and ratios have been proposed as potential biomarkers of suicide risk (SR). The present research aims to examine changes of these values related to increased SR in MDD as an assumed inflammatory state. We investigated laboratory parameters of psychiatric in-patients diagnosed with MDD (n = 101) retrospectively. Individuals with recent suicide attempt (SA) (n = 22) and with past SA (n = 19) represented the high SR group. MDD patients with no history of SA (n = 60) composed the intermediate SR group. We compared the number of neutrophil granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Furthermore, we evaluated alterations of these parameters related to antidepressant (AD) and antipsychotic (AP) treatment, which have been proved to have anti-inflammatory effects. We found a significant increase in neutrophil granulocyte count, NLR, monocyte count, MLR, WBC and ESR in patients with recent SA compared to patients with no history of SA. Moreover, there was a significant elevation in monocyte count, MLR, ESR and RDW in patients with high SR compared to patients with intermediate SR. AD treatment resulted in a significant decrease in neutrophil granulocyte count and NLR, however, it did not affect monocyte count and MLR. Assuming immunological mechanisms in the background of MDD and suicidality, our findings support the role of NLR as a biomarker of acute SR, though its alterations may be masked by possible anti-inflammatory effects of AD treatment in the long term. However, MLR, a marker exhibiting changes which are not attenuated by pharmacotherapy, may be a possible indicator of both acute and long-term suicidal vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borbála Pethő
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márton Áron Kovács
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Diána Simon
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tünde Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Sándor Hajnal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tímea Csulak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Dóra Hebling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Noémi Albert
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Varga
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márton Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Osváth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktor Vörös
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Hau L, Tényi T, László N, Kovács MÁ, Erdö-Bonyár S, Csizmadia Z, Berki T, Simon D, Csábi G. Anti-Neuronal Autoantibodies (Cell Surface and Onconeural) and Their Association With Natural Autoantibodies in Synthetic Cannabinoid-Induced Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:850955. [PMID: 35586416 PMCID: PMC9108165 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.850955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients suffering from encephalitis may present psychiatric symptoms; however, the clinical relevance of anti-neuronal antibodies in patients experiencing a psychotic episode without encephalitis is still unclear. In this study, we examined the presence of anti-neuronal cell surface autoantibodies and onconeural autoantibodies in serum samples of 22 synthetic cannabinoid users presenting with psychosis. We found only two positive cases; however, seven patients had borderline results. Nonetheless, we found no significant correlation between anti-neuronal autoantibodies and the intensity of psychosis indicated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores. The length of drug use and the combination of other drugs with synthetic cannabinoids have no significant effect on anti-neuronal autoantibody positivity. Nonetheless, the ratio of anti-citrate synthase (anti-CS) IgM and IgG natural autoantibodies was significantly lower (p = 0.036) in the anti-neuronal autoantibody-positive/borderline samples, than in the negative group. Interestingly, anti-CS IgM/IgG showed a significant negative correlation with PANSS-positive score (p = 0.04, r = -0.464). Our results demonstrated that anti-neuronal autoantibody positivity occurs in synthetic cannabinoid users, and the alteration of anti-CS IgM/IgG natural autoantibody levels points to immunological dysfunctions in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lídia Hau
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Natália László
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márton Áron Kovács
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Szabina Erdö-Bonyár
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Csizmadia
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tímea Berki
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Diána Simon
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Csábi
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Centre, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
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Csulak T, Csábi G, Herold R, Vörös V, Jeges S, Hajnal A, Kovács MÁ, Simon M, Herold M, Tóth ÁL, Tényi T. Increased Prevalence of Minor Physical Anomalies Among the Healthy First-Degree Relatives of Bipolar I Patients - Results With the Méhes Scale. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:672241. [PMID: 33995153 PMCID: PMC8118159 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.672241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Minor physical anomalies are somatic markers of aberrant neurodevelopment, so the higher prevalence of these signs among the relatives of bipolar I patients can confirm minor physical anomalies as endophenotypes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of minor physical anomalies in first-degree healthy relatives of patients with bipolar I disorder compared to normal control subjects. Using a list of 57 minor physical anomalies (the Méhes Scale), 20 first-degree unaffected relatives of patients with the diagnosis of bipolar I disorder and as a comparison 20 matched normal control subjects were examined. Minor physical anomalies were more common in the ear, head, mouth and trunk regions among the relatives of bipolar I patients compared to normal controls. By the differentiation of minor malformations and phenogenetic variants, we have found that both minor malformations and phenogenetic variants were more common among the relatives of bipolar I patients compared to the control group, while individual analyses showed, that one minor malformation (sole crease) and one phenogenetic variant (high arched palate) were more prevalent in the relative group. This is the first report in literature on the increased prevalence of minor physical anomalies among the first-degree unaffected relatives of bipolar I patients. The study support the concept, that minor physical anomalies can be endophenotypic markers of bipolar I affective disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tímea Csulak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Csábi
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktor Vörös
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sára Jeges
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Nursing and Patients Care, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - András Hajnal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márton Áron Kovács
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Maria Simon
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márton Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Levente Tóth
- Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Tényi T, Csulak T, Herold M, Kovács MÁ. ["Praecox-Gefühl". A brief look]. Psychiatr Hung 2021; 36:615-618. [PMID: 34939576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
No abstract available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Tényi
- PTE Pszichiatriai es Pszichoterapias Klinika, Pecs, Hungary, E-mail:
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Kovács MÁ. [The immunological background of particular neurodevelopmental disorders]. Psychiatr Hung 2020; 35:529-539. [PMID: 33263302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
No abstract avalilable.
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Fodor L, Kovács MÁ, Tényi T. [Diogenes Syndrome - case reports]. Psychiatr Hung 2020; 35:525-528. [PMID: 33263301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
No abstract avalilable.
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Kovács MÁ, Tényi T, Kugyelka R, Prenek L, Hau L, Magyar ÉE, Herold R, Balogh P, Simon D. Elevated Osteopontin and Interferon Gamma Serum Levels and Increased Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Are Associated With the Severity of Symptoms in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:996. [PMID: 32038330 PMCID: PMC6989480 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and immune dysregulation could contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Osteopontin (OPN) is a cytokine-like glycoprotein involved in inflammation and in modulating immune responses, and it can also directly modify the cytokine expression and survival of microglia. Furthermore, elevated gene expression of OPN in first episode psychosis has recently been described, but to date OPN level has not been investigated in schizophrenia. Imbalance of T-helper subtypes could also represent a vulnerability factor for schizophrenia. In this study, we analyzed the concentration of OPN, levels of cytokines associated with T-helper subtypes: interferon gamma (IFNy) for Th1, interleukin (IL)-10 for Th2, IL-8 for Th17, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in 22 patients with schizophrenia assessed for the intensity of their symptoms by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) scores. Serum OPN, IFNy, IL-10, and IL-8 concentrations were measured by ELISA kits and NLR was calculated from blood count. We found significant correlation between the level of OPN and PANSS-total and PANSS-general scores. IFNy level and NLR showed significant correlation with PANSS-total, PANSS-positive, PANSS-general, and CGI score. Among the measured markers antipsychotic therapy only had significant effects on NLR and OPN level, both of which were significantly reduced after long-term antipsychotic treatment. Our results indicate that elevated OPN and IFNy concentrations, and increased NLR are associated with severe symptoms in schizophrenia and suggest the importance of Th1 subtype in patients with high PANSS-positive and PANSS-general subscore. Significant correlation between NLR and PANSS scores strengthens the inflammation hypothesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márton Áron Kovács
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tényi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Réka Kugyelka
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lilla Prenek
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Lídia Hau
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Éva Erzsébet Magyar
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Róbert Herold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Péter Balogh
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Diána Simon
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
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Kovács MÁ. [The immunological background of the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. A review of the literature]. Psychiatr Hung 2016; 31:382-395. [PMID: 28032587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
No abstract available.
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